Government
Publications
SESSIONAL PAPERS.
VOL XXII -PART III.
FOURTH SESSION OF SIXTH LEGISLATURE
PROVINCE OF ONTARIO.
SESSionsr isso
TORONTO:
PRINTED FOR LUD. K. CAMERON, QUEEN'S PRINTER,
BY WARWICK & SONS, 68 AND 70 FRONT ST. WEST.
1890.
10912G5
153 Victoria.
List of Sessional Papers.
A. 1890
LIST OF SESSION^AL PAPERS
AKRANGED ALPHABETICALLY.
Title.
Accounts (Dominion and the Provinces)
Accounts, Public
Agricultural and Arts, Report
Agricultural College, Report
Agricultural and Experimental Union, Report
Agricultural Societies, Analysis
Ardagh, Judge, commutation
Asylums, Report ,
Bail, recognizances of
Ballot at School Elections
Beekeepers' Association, Report
Bi-lingual teaching
Births, '^'' rriages and Deaths, Report
Blind 1„ tute, Report
Borron's Report
Canada Temperance Act, where in force
Canadian Institute, Report (part of) ... . .
Central Prison contracts
Common Gaols, Report
Crown Lands, Report
Custody of Title Deeds Act
Dairy and Creamery Association, Report
Deaf and Dumb Institute, Report
Departmental Reports, when presented
Division Courts, Report
Dogs, Act in force
Drainage, Tile
Dundas and Waterloo Macadamized Road
Eden, John, claim of
Education, Report
do publication of Text Books
■ do " language in the Schools
do regulations, French and German Schools
do orders in Council re Department
do regulations by Department
3
No.
Remarks.
66
Printed.
18
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8
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24
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5
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39
Not Printed.
44
Printpd.
10
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68
Printed.
52
X
78
it
28
IC
4
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13
(C
87
((
67
Printed.
6
((
42
((
11
((
22
a
26
Not Printed.
49
Printed.
12
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70
Not Printed.
62
Printed.
27
(1
31
Not Printed..
71
u
61
Not Prhited.
6
Printed.
1
a
7
n
29
Not Printed.
30
K
53 Victoria,
List of Sessional Papers.
A.
Title.
Education, superannuation Fund
do study of English
bi-lingual teaching
text book history
case to .Judges
correspondence, French Schools
Elgin House of Industry, Eeport
Entomological Society, Report
Estimates
do
do
do
do
Factories, Eeport
Fines and Penalties remitted . . .
French Schools. See Education.
Fruit Growers, Eeport
Gaols and Prisons, Report
German Schools. See Education.
Gosnell vs. Swarthout
Grand Eiver Navigation Co'y . . .
Health, Report . .
Hospitals, Report
Immigration, Report . ,
Industries, Bureau of, Report.
Insurance, Eeport
Judicature Act, commutation.
Killarney, amount expended ,
do licenses granted. ,
Legal Offices, Report
Legislative Assembly, convening of
Magdalen Asylums, Eeport
Mechanics' Institutes, Eeport [part of)
Mercer Estate
Municipal Debentures
Municipal Indebtedness
Ontario Agricultural and Experimental Farm, Report ,
Ontario Agricultural and Experimental Union, Eeport .
Ontario and Rainy Eiver Railway papers
Ontario Shops Regulation Act, By-laws
Orphan Asylums, Report ,
Ottawa and Parry Sound Railway papers
Pine Trees, dues on . .•
Police Magistrates, appointment .
Poor and Indigent Persons, relief
Poultry Associations, Report . . .
of
No.
Remarks.
33
Printed.
34
Not printed.
28
Printed.
40
(<
43
u
53
((
41
Not printed.
17
Printed.
19
u
35
Printed.
68
u
20
11
Printed.
73
(I
79
((
72
Printed.
14
u
23
Printed.
80
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3
ti
44
Printed.
60
86
Not printed.
36
Printed.
70
Not printed.
15
Printed.
6
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54
59
Not printed.
58
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24
Printed.
5
81
38
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15
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81
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74
Printed.
67
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37
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76
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53 Victoria.
List of Sessional Papers.
A. 1890
Title.
Poultry and Pet Stock, Report
Practical Science, Heport {part of)
Prisons, Report
Provincial Revenue
Public Accounts
Public Lands Act, grants under
Public Works, Report
Queen Victoria Niagara Falls Park, Report.
Railway Aid Certificates
do Papers
Receipts and Expenditures
Recognizances of Bail
Reformatories, Report
Refuge Houses of, Report
Registrars, Fees of
Registry Ofiices, Report
Revenue, Provincial
Scientific Societies {part of)
Scott Act, where in force
Secretary and Registrar, Report
Sheep Act, where in force
Sheep Breeders' Association, Report ......
Shops Regulation Act, By-laws ,
Spencer, W. H., appointment of
Statutes Revised, distribution
Sugar Beet, Report on
Superannuation
Surrogate Court, commutation of fees
Tavern and Shop Licenses, Report
Temperance Act, where in force
Text Books, publication
Tile Drainage
Timber Dues ,
Title Deeds Act, filings under
Titles, Master of, Report
Toronto General Trusts Co'y, Report
Toronto Registry Office, disbursements ....
Toronto University, debentures issued , . . . ,
do biological building . . .
do students attending . . .
do residence
do report {part of)
do bursar's statement ....
Upper Canada College, Report {part of) . .
do Bursar's statement . .
Upper Canada Improvement Fund
5
No.
Remarks.
77
Printed.
6
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11
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83
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18
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64
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21
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Printed.
85
Printed.
81
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63
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Printed.
67
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84
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45
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25
Not printed.
48
Printed.
33
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44
((
9
Printed.
67
it
1
((
31
Not printed.
74
Printed.
26
Not printed.
69
Printed.
32
Not printed.
46
Printed.
55
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56
(1
57
1(
75
Not printed.
6
Printed.
47
((
6
Printed.
16
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82
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53 Victoria.
List of Sessional Papers.
A. 1890
LIST OF SESSIONAL PAPERS.
Arranged in Numerical Order, tvith their titles at full length ; the Dates when Ordered
and when Presented to the Legislature ; the name of the Member who moved for the
same, and ivhether Ordered to he Printed or not.
CONTENTS PART I.
No. 1 . . Return to an Order of the House of the sixth day of March, 1889, shewing the
names of all publishers of Public School text books, with the respective
books published by them and the prices thereof. Also, for copies of all
correspondence by or with the Minister of Education or any officer of his
Department respecting the price or publication of Public School text books,
subsequent to that already brought down. Presented to the Legislature,
4th February, 1890. — Mr. Preston. (Printed.)
No. 2. . Return to an Order of the House of the eleventh day of March, 1889, shewing
the number and location of Public Schools in Ontario in which any lan-
guage other than English is used in the work of teaching, either wholly or
in part. A list of text books in any language other than English used in
such schools. The total number of scholars attending each of such
schools. The number of scholars in each of such schools using text books
in any language other than English. The number of teachers in such
schools who cannot use the English language in teaching. Presented to
the Legislature, 4th February, 1890. — Mr. Craig. (Printed.)
No. 3.. Report of the Inspector of Insurance for the year 1889. Presented to the
Legislature, 3rd February, 1890. (Printed.)
No. 4 . . Report of the Registrar-General, relating to the Registration of Births, Mar-
riages and Deaths for the year 1888. Presented to the Legislature, 7th
February, 1890. (Printed.)
No. 5 . . Report of the Ontario Agricultural and Experimental Union for the year 1889.
Presented to the Legislature, 7th April, 1890. (Printed.)
CONTENTS PART II.
No. 6. , Report of the Minister of Education for the year 1889, with the Statistics of
1888, in which is included the Reports of Mechanics' Institutes, Scientific
Societies, Toronto University, School of Practical Science and Upper
Canada College. Presented to the Legislature, 6th March, 1890.
(Pi'inted.)
No.
Regulations and Correspondence relating to French and German Schools in the
Province of Ontario. Presented to the Legislature, 31st January, 1890.
(Printed.)
7
53 Victoria.
List of Sessional Papers.
A. 1890
No. 8.
No. 9,
No. 10.
No. 11,
No. 12.
No. 13.
No. U.
No. 15.
No. 16.
No. 17,
No. 18,
No. 19,
No. 20,
No. 21,
CONTENTS PART III.
Report of the Council of the Agricultural and Arts Association for the year
1889. Presented to the Legislature, 13th February, 1890. (Printed.)
Report on the working of the Tavern and Shop Licenses Acts for the year
1889. Presented to the Legislature, 6th February, 1890. (Printed.)
Report upon the Asylums for the Insane and Idiotic, for the year ending 30th
September 1889. Presented to the Legislature, 28th February, 1890.
(Printed. )
Report upon the Common Gaols, Prisons and Reformatories for the year end-
ing 30th September, 1889. Presented to the Legislature, 3rd March, 1890,
(Printed. )
CONTENTS PART IV.
Report upon the Institution for the Instruction and Education of the Deaf and
Dumb, Belleville, for the year ending 30th September, 1889. Presented
to the Legislature, 31st January 1890. (Printed.)
Report upon the Institution for the Education and Instruction of the Blind,
Brantford, for the year ending 30th September, 1 889. Presented to the
Legislature, 31st January, 1890. (Printed.)
Report upon the Hospitals of the Province, for the year ending 30th Septem-
ber, 1889. Presented to the Legislature, 12th March, 1890. (Printed.)
Report upon the Houses of Refuge and Orphan and Magdalen Asylums for the
year ending 30th September, 1889. Presented to the Legislature, 20bh
March, 1890. (Printed.)
Bursar's Statement of Cash Transactions of the Upper Canada College for the
year ending 30th June, 1889. Presented to the Legislature, 18th March,
1890. {Printed.)
Report of the Entomological Society for Ontario, for the year 1889. Pre-
sented to the Legislature, 31st March, 1890. (^Printed.)
Public Accounts of the Province for the year 1889. Presented to the Legis-
lature, nth February, 1890. {Printed.)
CONTENTS PART V.
Estimates for the service of the Province until the Estimates for the year are
finally passed. Presented 4th February, 1890. {Not Printed.) Esti-
mates for the year 1890. Presented 12th February, 1890. {Printed.)
Estimates for the service of the Province, until the estimates for the year
are finally passed. Presented 10th March, 1890. {Not Printed.) Supple-
mentary Estimates for the year 1890. Presented 3rd April, 1890. {Printed.)
Report of the Fruit Growers' Association for the year 1889,
Legislature, 24th March, 1890. {Printed.)
Presented to the
Report of the Commissioner of Public Works for the year 1889. Presented to
the Legislature, 18th February, 1890. {Printed.)
53 Victoria.
List of Sessional Papers.
A. 1890
Report of the Commissioner of Crown Lands for the year 1889.
the Legislature, 12th March, 1890. {Printed.)
No. 22.
No. 23.
No. 24.
No. 25,
No. 26,
Report of the Department of Immigration for the year 1889.
the Legislature, 7th March, 1890. {Printed.)
No. 27,
Presented to
Presented to
No. 28.,
No. 29.
No. 30.
No. 31.
No. 32.
No. 33.
Report of the Ontario Agricultural College and Experimental Farm for the
year 1889. Presented to the Legislature, 24th March, 1890. {Printed.)
Statement as to the disposal of the Revised Statutes of Ontario for the year
1889. Presented to the Legislature, 3rd February, 1890. {Not Printed.)
Return to an Order of the Hou.se of the eighteenth day of March, 1889,
shewing the number of documents filed under the "Custody of Title Deeds
Act" up to the first day of January, 1889, and the amount of fees
received. And shewing also, the amount paid in each Registration Divi-
sion for the necessary books as required under the Act. Presented to the
Legislature, 4th February, 1890.— .1/r. Wood, (Hastings.) {Not Printed.)
Return to an Order of the House of the 18th day of March, 1889, shewing the
Township Municipalities in which the Act to impose a tax on Dogs and
for the Protection of Sheep is in force; the number of dogs assessed in
such municipalities ; the number of sheep killed and injured, and the
amount paid for the same by such municipalities for the years 1886, 1887
and 1888 respectively. Also, shewing the municipalities in which a by-
law is in force for the assessment of dogs without providing for damages
to sheep, and the number of dogs so assessed for the above years, res-
pectively. Presented to the Legislature, 4th February, 1890. — Mr.
Dry den. { Printed. )
CONTENTS PART VI.
Extracts and Statements respecting Bi-lingual teaching in Great Britain, the
United States and Canada. Presented to the Legislature 17th February,
1890. {Printed.)
Orders in Council, made in the year 1889 under the Revised Statutes of
Ontario, 1887, Cap. 224, respecting the Education Department. Presented
to the Legislature 6th February, 1890. {Not printed.)
Regulations made or revised by the Department of Education during the year
1889. Presented to the Legislature 6th February, 1890. {Not printed.)
Statement of the Returns made by Municipalities under the Tile, Stone, and
Timber Drainage Act, R. S. 6., 1887, Cap. 39, for the year 1889. Pre-
sented to the Legisluture 6th February, 1890. {Not printed.)
Statement of the affairs of the Toronto G-eneral Trusts Company under the
provisions of 35 Vic, Cap. 83, Sec. 13. Presented to the Legislature 6th
February, 1890. {Not printed.)
Return to an Order of the House of the thirteenth day of March, 1889, shew-
ing in detail the number of Public School teachers who have accepted the
terms heretofore imposed in regard to the Superannuation Fund and have
withdrawn one-half of the amount paid in. The number of teachers who
9
53 Victoria.
List of Sessional Papers.
A. 1890
No. 34.
No. 35.
No. 36.
No. 37.
No. 38,
No. 39.
No. 40.
No. 41.
No. 42
have not accepted the terms, and shewing to what purposes the sums not
already withdrawn are devoted, or how funded. Presented to the Legisla-
ture 7th February, 1890, Mr. Blythe. {Printed.)
Copy of a Minute of the Department of Education respecting the study of
English in those schools in which the French or German language prevails.
Presented to the Legislature 11th February, 1890. {JVot printed.)
Report of the Inspectors of Factories for the year 1889.
Legislature 14th February, 1890, (Printed.)
Presented to the
Report of the Inspector of Legal Offices for the year
Legislature, 3rd April, 1890. (Po'inted.)
1889. Presented to the
Supplementary Return to an Order of the House of the fourth day of February,
1889, shewing the amount paid out from municipal funds, either by direct
grants or remission of taxes, in each city, town, village or rural munici-
pality in the Province of Ontario during 1887 or 1888, for the relief of
poor and indigent persons, but not including any sum paid for the support
of a House of Industry or similar institution ; the number of indigents
a permanent charge upon any municipality in 1887 and 1888, and the
number of such indigents who received temporary aid from municipal
funds in 1887 and 1888. Presented to the Legislature 18th February,
1890. Mr. Clarke (Wellington.) (Printed.)
Return to an Order of the House of the twenty-fifth day of February, 1889,
shewing the name of the municipalities which have passed by-laws under
the authority of the " Ontario Shops Regulation Act," distinguishing
between cases where such by-laws were passed without petitions in favour
thereof. And shewing also, the date of the passing of each such by-law ;
the class or classes of shops to which each such by-law applied ; the hour
at, and the period of the year during which the respective classes of shops
were by the by-law required to be closed, and which of such by-laws have been
repealed. Presented to the Legislature 18th February, 1890. Mr. Morgan.
(P7-{nted.)
Analysis of Reports of County, Township and Horticultural Societies for the
year 1888. Presented to the Legislature 20th February, 1890. (Not
printed.)
A brief history of Public and High School Text-Books authorized for the Pro-
vince of Ontario, 1846-1889. Presented to the Legislature 26th March,
1890. (Printed.)
Report of the Inspector of the Elgin House of Industry for the year 1889.
Presented to the Legislature 20th February, 1890. (Not printed.)
Copy of an agreement between the Inspector of Prisons and Public Charities
and H. A. Nelson & Sons, relative to the manufacture of brooms at the
Central Prison. Also, of Order in Council approved by His Honour the
Lieutenant-Governor, the fifteenth day of June, A.D. 1889, authoiizing
the said agreement, Also, of agreement between the Inspector of Prisons
and Public Charities and the Brandon Manufacturing Company of Toronto
(Limited), relative to the manufacture of wooden ware at the Central Prison.
Also, of Order in Council approved by His Honour the Lieutenant-Gov-
ernor, the thirty-first day of December, A.D, 1889, authorizing the said
agreement. Presented to the Legislature 11th March, 1890. (Printed.)
10
53 Victoria.
List of Sessional Papers.
A. 1890
No. 43,
No. 44,
No. 45
No. 46
No. 47
No.
48
No.
49
No.
50
No.
51
Return to an Order of the House of the tenth day of February, 1890, shewing
a copy of the Case submitted by the Minister of Education for the opinion
of the Judges of the Chancery Division of the High Court of Justice, as
to the true construction of certain provisions of the Public School Act
relating to Separate School supporters. Also, the answers given by the
Judges to the questions submitted by the Case. Presented to the Legisla-
ture 24th February, 1890. Mr. Meredith. {Printed.)
Copy of an Order in Council increasing the commutation of the Surrogate Court
fees payable to His Honour Judge Ardagh. Presented to the Legislature
25th February, 1890. {Printed.)
Return to an Address to His Honour the Lieutenant-Governor, of the nine-
teenth day of February, 1890, praying that he will cause to be laid before
the House, a copy of the Order in Council appointing W. H. Spencer
Police Magistrate for parts of the Districts of Muskoka and Parry Sound,
and fixing his salary or emolument, and of the Commission issued to him
as such Police Magistrate. Presented to the Legislature 25th February,
1890. Mr. Marter. {Printed.')
Return to an Order of the House of the twenty-first day of February, 1890,
shewing the amount of disbursements connected with the Registrar of
Deeds office in the City of Toronto for the year 1889, as follows : — (a) To
the City of Toronto. (6) To the Deputy Registrar, (c) To other clerks
and assistants, {d) For other purposes. Also, shewing the gross earnings
of the Registrar for the year 1889, and the total amount received by the
Registrar for his personal use ; and also a statement of the expenditure,
if any, rendered necessary in consequence of the creation of the second
Registrar for the City of Toronto, together with a copy of the report of
any committee, or sub-committee of the Council of the City of Toronto
shewing the necessity for new buildings for the accommodation of the
registry officers, books, papers, documents and like matter relating to said
city. Presented to the I^egislature 28th February, 1890. Mr. H. E. Clarke
{Toronto.) {Printed.)
Bursar's statement of cash transactions of the University of Toronto for the
year ending 30th June, -1889. Presented to the Legislature 3rd March,
1890. {Printed.)
Report of Robert H. Lawder upon the cultivation of the sugar beet in Ontario.
Presented to the Legislature 4th March, 1890. {Printed.)
Report of the Dairy and Creamery Association of the Province for the year
1889. Presented to the Legislature 4th March, 1890. {Printed.)
Report of the Sheep Breeders' Association of Ontario for the year 1889.
sented to the Legislature 5th March, 1890. {Printed.)
Pre-
No. 52,
Statement of the Returns forwarded to the office of the Provincial Secretary of
all the fees and emoluments received by the Registrars of Ontario for the
year 1889, made in accordance with the provisions of R. S. O., 1887, Cap.
114, Sec. 100, with which are contrasted receipts of the same nature in
1887 and 1888. Presented to the Legislature 5th March, 1890. {Printed.)
Return to an Order of the House of the nineteenth day of February, 1890,
shewing the number and designation of School Boards in the cities, towns
I and incorporated villages in Ontario which have adopted the use of the
11
53 Victoria.
List of Sessional Papers.
A. 1890
No. 53.
No. 54.
No. 55..
No. 56..
No. 57...
No. 58..
No. 59..
ballot at annual school elections under section 103 of chapter 225 R. S. 0.,
with the number of School Boards in cities, towns and villages which have
not adopted the ballot for such purposes. Presented to the Legislature
5th March, 1890. Mr. Clarke (Wellington.) (Printed.)
Papers and Correspondence respecting French Schools. Presented to ^^he Legis-
lature 6th March, 1890. (Printed.)
Return to an Order of the House of the twenty-eighth day of February, 1890,
shewing in detail the amount, if any, paid out by the Crown on behalf of
lots 83 and 84 in the 3rd concession south-west Toronto and Sydenham
road, being a portion of the Mercer estate ; also, shewing the amounts
received for the sale of the same, and copies of all correspondence relating
thereto. Presented to the Legislature 10th March, 1890. 3Ir. Blythe.
(Not printed.)
Return to an Order of the House of the twenty-eighth day of February, 1890,
specifying the amount of debentures issued on the credit of the permanent
fund of the University of Toronto under the authority of section 5 of
chapter 231, R. S. O., the amount realized by the sale of such debentures
and the buildings, for the erection or alteration of which the money thus
raised has been appropriated, with the estimated cost of the work done, or
to be done, on each building. Presented to the Legislature 11th March,
1890. Mr. Balfottr. (Printed.)
Return to an Address to His Honour the Lieutenant-Governor of the twenty-
eighth day of February, 1890, praying that he will cause to be laid before
the House a Return of a copy of the Order in Council authorizing the
erection of the building known as the Biological Building in connection
with the University of Toronto. Also, of any resolutions, recommenda-
tions or memorials from the Senate or Board of Trustees, asking for the
appropriation of money for this purpose out of the permanent fund of the
University, and of any contract that may have been let for additions to
the building not yet completed. Presented to the Legislature 11th March,
1890. Mr. Balfour. (Printed.)
Return to an Order of the House of the twenty-eighth day of February, 1890,
shewing the total attendance of students matriculated and non-matriculated
of each sex in University College from 1880 to 1890 inclusive. The
number of graduates who have during each of these years lived in the
College residence. The number of graduates who retained their rooms in
residence during 1888, 1889 and 1890. The receipts and expenditures
for the year 1888 and 1889, including list of water, fuel and gas and
what proportion of the interior of the building is devoted to residence
purposes. Presented to the Legislature 11th March, 1890. Mr. Wood,
(Hastings. ) ( Printed. )
Statement of Returns transmitted by Municipal Councils to the office of the
Provincial Secretary of the several debts of the corporation as they stood
on the 31st day December, 1889, in accordance with the provisions of
Section 382, Cap. 184, R. S. O., 1887. Presented to the Legislature
11th March, 1890. (Not printed.)
Statement of Returns transmitted by Municipal Corporations to the office of
the Provincial Secretary of the debentures issued by them up to the 31st
day of December, 1889, in accordance with the provisions of Section 5,
12
53 Victoria.
List of Sessional Papers.
A. 1890
No. 60,
No. 61
No. 62,
No. 63,
No. 64.
Cap. 186, R.S.O., 1887.
{Not printed.)
Presented to the Legislature 11th March, 1890.
No. 65
No. 66,
No. 67
No. 68,
Return to an Order of the House of the third day of March, 1890, shewing the
amount expended in the year 1883, in Killarney out of the appropriation
for Colonization Roads, with the dates and items, and persons to whom,
and purposes for which the moneys were expended. Presented to the
Legislature 12th March, 1890. Mr. Monk. {Not printed.)
Return to an Order of the House of twenty-eighth day of February, 1890,
respecting the claim of John Eden, of Aylmer, for work done in digging
wells by direction of Coroner McLay in connection with the enquiry made
by him as to the death of one Gilford Williams, who was supposed to have
been murdered, and for a statement in detail of all expenditure incurred
in connection with the said enquiry, shewing the persons to whom any
moneys were paid, and the dates when and the purposes for which the
same were paid or expended. Presented to the Legislature 11th March,
1890. Mr. Meredith. {Not printed.)
Report of the Inspector of Division Courts for the year 1889. Presented to
the Legislature 14th March, 1890. {Printed.)
Report of the Inspector of Registry Offices for the year 1889. Presented to
the Legislature 14th March, 1890. {Printed.)
Return (in part) to an Order of the House of the fifth day of February, 1890,
giving the dates, number of acres, location or other description of each
Free Grant made .since the first day of July, 1857, under the authority of
section thirteen of '• The Public Lands Act," or the like section in force
from time to time, with the names of the persons or corporations to whom
each of these grants were made, with the purposes for which they were
made. Also, all correspondence respecting these grants or any other
grants applied for under the said section during the said period. Presented
to the Legislature 19th March, 1890. Mr. Cteighton. {Printed.)
Report of the Commissioners for Queen Victoria Niagara Falls Park for the
year 1889. Presented to the Legislature 20th March, 1890. {Printed.)
Correspondence relative to the Accounts between the Provinces of Ontario and
Quebec and the Dominion of Canada. Presented to the Legislature 20th
March, 1890. {Printed.)
Return to an Order of the House of the twenty-eighth day of February, 1890,
shewing the number of Counties in the Province of Ontario, in which the
Temperance Act of 1878 was in force on the first day of May, 1885. The
number of County Councils to which it was submitted, prior to the first
day of May, 1887, a Resolution affirming the expediency of the appoint-
ment of a salaried Police Magistrate, in compliance with 48 Vic, Cap. 17,
Sec. 1. The names of the Counties in which such resolution was carried.
The names of the Counties in which such resolution was lost. Also,
number of Counties in which Police Magistrates were appointed under
50 Vic, Cap. Ill, Sec. 1. Presented to the Legislature 20th March,
1890. Mr. McLaughlin. {Printed.)
Return to an Address to His Honour the Lieutenant-Governor of the nine-
teenth day of February, 1890, praying that he will cause to be laid before
the House a Return of all cases in which fines or penalties imposed by
13
53 Victoria,
List of Sessional Papers.
A. 1890
No. 69..
No. 70..
No. 71..
No. 72
No. 73.
No. 74.
any Court have been remitted, or proceedings for the recovery of them
have been stayed by the action of the Executive Government, or any
member thereof, and of all cases in which persons liable upon recognizances
of Bail have been released from liability or the proceedings against them
have been stayed by the like action, with the reasons for the action taken
in each case and also for copies of all Orders in Council relating to the
said matters. Such Return to include the year 1873 and to continue
down to the present time. Presented to the Legislature 24th March,
1890. Mr. French. [Printed.)
Report of the Master of Titles for the City of Toronto and County of York,
under the Land Titles' Act for 1889. Also, Return of Fees received by
the Master. Presented to the Legislature 25th March, 1890. (Printed.)
Return to an Order of the House of the eleventh day of February, 1890, shew-
ing the dates in each year from 1884 to 1889, both inclusive, on which the
Legislative Assembly of Ontario was convened and prorogued respectively.
The dates during each Session of the Legislative Assembly on which all
the several reports printed by order of the Legislative Assembly were
presented during the same years. Presented to the Legislature 26th
March, 1890. Mr. Clancy. [Not printed.)
Return to an Address to His Honour the Lieutenant-Governor, of the twenty-
first day of March, 1890, praying that he will cause to be laid before the
House a Return of copies of any correspondence between the Ontario and
Dominion Governments, or between the former and any Corporation or
person, relating to the ownership, sale or lease of the Dundas and Waterloo
macadamized road, together with copies of any papers in the possession of
the Government relating thereto, subsequent to that already brought down
in the year 1886. Presented to the Legislature 26th March, 1890. Mr.
McMahon. (Not printed.)
CONTENTS PART VII.
Report of the Provincial Board of Health for the year 1 i
Legislature 28th March, 1890. {Printed.)
Presented to the
Return to an Order of the House of the twelfth day of March, 1890, of a copy
of the Judgment pronounced by the Honourable Mr. Justice Robertson,
in an action in the High Court of Justice, wherein John J. Gosnell is
plaintiflf and Isaac Swarthout and others are defendants, and copies of all
correspondence between the License Commissioners for the East Riding
of the County of Kent, and the Provincial Secretary or any other member
or oflScer of the Government on the subject of the granting of the licenses
which were in question in the said action. Also, copies of all minutes of
the Commissioners, with regard to the granting of said licenses, and all
reports relating thereto. Presented to the Legislature 28th March, 1890.
Mr. Meredith. [Printed.)
Return to an Order of the House of the nineteenth day of February, 1890,
shewing what applications have been made for payments out of the Con-
solidated Revenue under the provisions of Section 4 of Chapter 4, 43
Victoria, in respect of the dues on pine trees. Also, shewing what is the
aggregate sum which, up to the iirst day of February last, the patentees
of lands, subject to the provisions of the Act, are entitled to receive out of
the dues collected on pine trees cut after the date of their patents.
Presented to the Legislature 28th March, 1890. Mr. Marter. {Printed.}
14
53 Victoria.
List of Sessional Papers.
A. 1890
Ko. 75..
Return to an Address to His Honour the Lieutenant-Governor of the twenty-
first day of March, 1890, praying that he will cause to be laid before the
House, copies of any papers, memorials or petitions addressed to the
Lieutenant-Governor in Council, or to any member of the Government,
since the late partial destruction of the Provincial University building,
for or against the maintenance of a residence in connection with that
institution. Presented to the Legislature 31st March, 1890. Mr. Balfour.
{Not printed.^
No. 76
No. 77.
No. 78.
No. 79..
Peport of the Poultry Association of Ontario for the year 1889.
the Legislature 31st March, 1890. {Printed.)
Presented to
Report of the Eastern Ontario Poultry and Pet Stock Association for the ^^ear
1889. Presented to the Legislature 31st iNlarch, 1890. {Printed.)
Report of the Ontario Bee-keepers' Association for the year 1889.
to the Legislature 31st March, 1890. {Printed.)
Presented
Return to an Address to His Honour the Lieutenant-Governer of the twenty-
first day of March, 1890, praying that he will cause to be laid before the
House a copy of a Petition presented to His Honour the Lieutenant-
Governor from the Municipal Corporation of the Village of Cayuga, relat-
ing to the Grand River Navigation Company. Also, for a copy of all
correspondence relating thereto. Presented to the Legislature 31st March,
1890. Mr. Harcourt. {Printed.)
No. 80..
No. 81,
No. 82,
No. 83
Report of the Bureau of Industries for the year 1889.
Legislature 1st April, 1890. {Printed.)
Presented to the
No. 84.
No. 85
Papers and Documents relating to the Ontario and Rainy River Railway
Company and the Ottawa and Parry Sound Railway Company. Presented
to the Legislature 2nd April, 1890. {Printed.)
Documents and papers relating to the Upper Canada Improvement Fund.
Presented to the Legislature 2nd April, 1890. (Printed.)
Return to an Order of the House of the fifth day of March, 1890, shewing in
tabulated form a statement of Provincial Revenue from all sources for
each year since Confederation to the close of 1889, specifying such
annual receipts under the various headings used in the Public Accounts
of the Province. A similar statement of Provincial expenditure durin^
the same period. Presented to the Legislature 2nd April, 1890. Mr.
Clarke, {Wellington.) {Printed.)
Report of the Secretary and Registrar of the Province for the year 1889.
Presented to the Legislature 2nd April, 1890. {Printed.)
Return to an Order of the House of the fifth day of March, 1890, shewing the
amount still to be paid on Railway Aid Certificates issued by the Province
with the dates when the same became due and payable. Also, shewing
the amounts of Annuity Certificates issued by the Province with the
dates when they become due and payable. Also, an Estimate of the present
value of the said Railway Aid Certificates and Annuity Certificates respec-
tively. Also, specifying the amount to be paid on account of principal
and interest respectively in each year during the currency of said Certificates.
Presented to the Legislature 2nd April, 1890. Mr. Balfour. {Printed.)
15
53 Victoria.
List of Sessional Papers.
A. 1890
No. 86..
Return to an Order of the House of the twenty-eighth day of February, 1890,
shewing the number of Shop and Tavern Licenses granted to persons
resident in Killarney in each of the years 1888 and 1889 and the names
of the persons to whom they were respectively granted. Also, for copies
of all petitions for or against the granting of such licenses or any of them,
and of all correspondence between the head, or any officer of the License
Branch of the Department of the Provincial Secretary, and any other
person on the subject of the granting or working of such licenses, or any
of them, and shewing also, the population of Killarney during the same
years. Presented to the Legislature 2nd April, 1890. Mo: Meacham.
{Not 2jrinted.)
No., 87.
Report of E. B. Borron, upon the resources of the northerly part of the
Province of Ontario and his explorations therein. Presented to the
Legislature 7th April, 1890. {Printed.)
16
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers iNo. 8).
A. 1890
REPORT OF THE COUNCIL
AGRICULTURE AND ARTS ASSOCIATION
OF ONTAKIO
DPOI^ THE "X'E.A.IR 188Q.
PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY.
TORONTO :
PRINTED BY WARWICK & SONS, 68 and 70 FRONT ST. WES ,
1889.
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
To the Hon. Charles Druky,
Minister of Agriculture.
I have the honour, on behalf of the Agriculture and Arts Association of Ontario, to-
present the Report of their proceedings for 1889, the Reports of the Prize Farm Judges, the
Essays to which prizes have been awarded, the Report of the Educational Scheme, the results
and prize awards of the Forty-fourth Provincial Exhibition, the Treasurer's Financial Statement,,
and the Report of the Veterinary College, along with a list of the graduates frrnn it for 1889.
I remain your obedient servant,
HENRY WADE,
Secretary Agriculture and Arts Association.
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890'
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
Page.
Report of Annual March Meeting of Council 1
Members Elected in Divisions 5, 6, 7 and 8 •
Secretary's Report — Clydesdale Horse Association "
' ' Shire and Cart Horse Association • "
' ' Draught Horse Association C 4
" Dominion Short Horn Breeders' Association 4
" " Ayrshire " 4
" Prize Essays Report 5
*' Ontario Veterinary College 5
" Result of Forty-Third Provincial Exhibition 5
" Fat Stock Show 6
OfHge Work <5
President Rykert's Inaugural 10'
Standing Committees Report H
Council Meeting at London 16
Committees for Exhibition ■- 1 ^
Executive Meeting at London IS
Council Meeting, etc. , at London 19
Annual Meeting, London 22
President Rykert's Address 23
Report on Prize Essays 33
" Examinations on Agriculture 34
" Prize Farms 34
Prize Essays, S. A. Laidman, Binbrook, 1st prize 39
" C. R. Notman, Wiarton, 2nd prize , 47
" M. S. Schell, Woodstock, 1st prize 65
" F. J. Sleightholm, Humber, 2nd prize 83
Report of the Judges on Prize Farms 83
George Ingles' Farm, Township of Osprey 85
George B. Brisbow, jr. , Rob Roy 86
George B. Brisbow, sr. , Rob Roy P7
Eobert Linn, Kilsyth 91
George Donald, Township of Derby 91
John Duncan, Kilsyth 92
Wm. Erplin, Burgoyne 94
Adam Erplin, Burgoyne 95
August Mercer, Port Elgin 96-
Abram Rowand, Walkerton 96
Andrew Waechter's, Walkerton 97
James Tolton, Walkerton 100
2* (A. A.)
58 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
Rei:)ort of the Judges on Prize Farms. — Gonthmed. ■ Page.
George Hyde, Shakespeare 102
John Hodgson, Mitchell 104
Peter Campbell, Cromarty 105
Wm. Kerslake, Cromarty 106
Isaac Fisher, Goderich 107
John Kernighan, Benmiller 108
Thomas Burns, Carlow 109
Thomas Harris, Dungannon 110
Robert Armstrong, Constance Ill
Walter Sorby, Guelph 1 12
J. G. Wright, Guelph 114
Peter Rennie, Fergus 115
James Hunter, Alma 117
Isaac Groff, Alma 118
Thomas Pritchard, Elora 120
John Metcalfe, Barnet 121
Thomas Hall, Milbank 122
Thomas E. Gibson, Milverton 122
■Charles Walker, Poole : 123
John Riddle, Milverton 124
Samuel Graham, Grand Valley 125
Edward Holborne, Grand Valley 127
James Eeith, Grand Valley 127
Robert Shorbreed, Guelph 128
Official List of Prizes awarded at London —
Horses 132
Cattle 141
Sheep 154
Pigs 160
Poultry 166
Agricultural Implements 171
Agricultural Products 176
Dairy Products 180
Horticultural Products 182
Fine Arts 193
Ladies' Work 197
Woollen Goods , 204
Examination Papers in Agriculture 206
Results of Forty-forth Provincial Exhibition 209
Comparative Table of Exhibitions 212
Minutes of December Council Meetings 213
List of Rei|uiremeuts for 1890 217
Treasurer's Report for 1889 219
Receipts and Expenditures as Classified by Auditors 238
Assets and Liabilities 240
Report Veterinary College . . . . 241
vi.
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 189G
FOKTi^-FOUKTH ANNUAL REPORT
AGRICULTURE AND ARTS ASSOCIATION
OF ONTARIO.
MINUTES OF ANNUAL MEETING,
Monday, Board Room, 11 am., 19th February, 1889,
The following member.s were present : — No. 2, Ira Morgan, Metcalfe ; No. 3^
Joshua Legge, Gananoque ; No. 4, P. R. Palmer, Belleville ; No. ;">, Robert Vance,
Ida; No. 6, J. C. Snell, E.lmont(.n; No. 7, Nicholas Awrey, M.P.P., Binbrook ^
No. 8, J. C. R\-kerr, M.P., St. Catharines ; No. 9, Wm. Dawson, Vittoiia ; No. 10,
James Rowand, M.P., Dunblane ; No 11, L. E. Shipley, Greystead ; No. 12, Albin
Rawlings, Forest ; No. 13, Hon. C, Drury, Crown Hill.
Iia Morgan, the President for 1888, took the chair.
The Secretary read the following communication from A. Blue, the Assistant
Commissioner of Agricultui-e.
Toronto, February 19, 1889
Sru, — I have the honor to inform you that the following candidates were duly
nominated for election to the Council of the Agriculture and Arts Association for
the three years term beginning with 1889 :
No. 6 Division. — Robert Vance, Esq., of Ida.
No. 6 Division. — J. C. Snell, Esq., of Edmonton.
No. 7 Division. — George Moore, Esq., of Waterloo, and Nicholas Awrey, Esq,^
of Bin brook.
No. 8 Division. — John Charles Rykert, Esq., of St. Catharines.
For No 5 Division four returns have been received from Electoral District
Societies, reporting the election of Mr. Vance.
For No. 6 Divi.sion, the Electoral District Society of Toronto has reported
the eleciion of Mr. Snell.
For No. 8 Div'sion, the Electoral District Societies of Lincoln, Welland and.
Niagara, have reported the election of Mr. Rykert.
i (A. A.)
53 V^ictoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
F.oi- No. 7 Division, the following returns have been received, the tigures
opposite each society indicating the number of it members as appears by the
report for the last calendar year.
For Mr. Awrey. For Mr. Moore.
Halton 262 Waterloo, North 207
Hamilton 414 Wellington, Centre 97
Waterloo, South 244 Wellington, South 144
Wentworth North .... 135 Wellington West 163
Wentworth South 217
No report has yet been received of the vote in the DufFerin Electoral Society,
although a request so to do has been sent to the secretary of the society. Neither
has that society yet made its annual report for the last calendar year, and
consequently 1 am unable to determine which society is entitled to the casting
vote, assuming that the vote of Dufferin has gone for Mr. Moore.
Your obedient servant.
A. BLUE,
Henry Wade, Esq.,
Secretary, Agriculture and Arts Association,
Toronto, Ont.
It was resolved that it was known (if not officially) that Dufferin had cast
its vote for Geo. Moore, and that the city of Hamilton gave the casting vote that
Mr. N. Awrey should take the seat.
The Secretary then read his report for 1888.
SECRETARY'S REPORT, 1888.
To the Cobuncil of the Agriculture and Arts Association of Ontario :
Gentlemen, — I beg leave to present my Annual Report of the work done by
this Association, for the year 1888.
REGISTRA.TIONS OF LiVE StOCK.
Horses — Males. Females.
Clydesdale 344 326
Shire or Cart 19 11
Draught Horses 68 65
Office Record 12 28
443 430 Total.. 873
Oattle —
Ayrshire 125 78
Hereford 21 11
Polled Angus 26 22
Devon 18 29
190 140 Total.. 330
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
Swine — Males. Females.
Berkshire 188 169
Suffolk 26 22
214 191 Total.. 405
Our cash receipts for 1888, were, ior registrations. $1,716 50
For Herd Books sold 401 , 00
$2,117 50
Against, in 1887, for regi.strations $1,314 50
For herd- books sold 148 65
$1,463 15
Or an increase ot S654 35
Our expenditure has been for Stud Books $1,002 70
For proportion of salaries 1,000 00
$2,002 70
Leaving a balance of $114.80, on the right side of the ledger, besides quite a
large stock of Stud Books on hand.
HOKSES.
Clydesdale Horse Association of Canada.
This Association, which works under and in affiliation with us, has now 240
paid up members. Since our last report they held a very successful stallion show
at the drill-shed, in the city, at which $325.00 was given in premiums. Their
third annual show will soon take place, and no doubt will be very successful.
Volume 2 of the Stud Book, has been given to the members, and volume 3,
is now nearly ready for distribution. This Association has also given $80.00 in
cash, to the Provincial and Industrial Exhibitions, for special prizes.
Draught Horse Associatio)i of Canada.
This Association is now in good working order, with 26 paid members There
will be enough pedigrees to print the first volume, about the close of the year.
The standard is as high as the Clydesdale.
Shire or Cart-horse Stud Book.
We have not many registrations of these horses, but more than last year.
An Association has not yet been formed, but a meeting will be called at a very
early date, for so doing.
Cattle.
Dominion Short-horn Breeders Association.
This Association received last year from members $1,782.00 and from
registration fees $2,586.25, a good showing.
3
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
Dominion Ayrshire Breeders' Association.
This Association works in affiliation with us; they have just held their
Annual meeting, which shows a membership roll of 31, there will be pedigrees
enough at the end of the year to complete the first volume of the new series.
The Hereford; Polled Angus and Devon Cattle, are not a numerous class,,
consequently there are not many registrations.
SwiNE.
Berksliires.
The recording of this breed is steadily increasing, it is quite Ume a volume
was published and an Association formed.
Saffolks.
They are slowly increasing in numbers and the breeders will soon be asking
for a book.
Yorkshire.
We have been asked to start a record for this breed.
Sheep.
It is quite likely that an Association for the registration of sheep of different
kinds will be started very soon, and consequently records will have to be
established also.
Educational Scheme.
This was fairly well patronized, and it cost the Association $166.00 in prizes,
printing, etc., I am pleased to say that more enquires have been made this winter
than ever were before, so we may fairly hope for success.
Prize Paems
This year Group No. 2, consisting of Electoral Divisions, Essex, 2 ; Kent, 2 ;
Lambton, 2 ; Middlesex, 8 ; Elgin, 2 ; and Oxford, 2 ; were looked over by the
iudc^es, and their report will be found published in full in our report to the
Committee of Agriculture, on page 83.
I am sorry to say that out of those six large counties, containing thirteen
electoral divisions, we have only nine farms entered for competition, two in
Oxford, four in Middlesex, and three in Lambton. Essex, Elgin and Kent enter-
ing none.
For the present year, 1S89, we are offering prizes in group No. 3, consisting
of Huron three divisions ; Bruce, three ; Grey, three ; Dufferin, three ; Wellington,
one, and Perth two ; a very laige district, and containing some of the finest coun-
ties in Ontario.
These counties are very larue, and a farmer living in a corner of one of them,
not knowir:g the quality of farms in other parts, is backward in entering into
competition. My suggestion to the Council would be, that where three farms
4
53 Victoria. vSessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
compete in one township, a bronze medal be offered for the best managed, a
silver medal for the best managed farm in each electoral district, to be chosen
from the competing townships, and finally a gold medal, for the best managed
farm in the group, as above. I think this would give an impetus to the work,
and could be easily managed, even this year by sending circulars to the different
township societies. This scheme would occupy the judges rather longer, but
would, 1 am convinced, well repay our association, in the increased of the
farmers, to have the best managed farm in the township, electoral division and
group respectively.
The judges last year were John B. Freeman, M.P.P., of Simcoe, and John
Lowrie, Esq., of Sarnia ; those for the present year should be appointed at this
session.
Prize Essays.
This is an old established plan, and has worked well in the past. The prizes
for the present year are as follows :
1st. For the cultivation of green crops for soiling and ensilage, and their
value in farm operations :
First prize $30 00
Second prize 20 00
2nd. The advantage of the rotation of crops, as compared with the evil ol
•over-cropping,
First prize $30 00
Second prize 20 00
N.B. — No prizes to be awarded to essays not up to the standard decided on
■by the awarding committee.
Manuscript to be sent to the Secretary of the Agriculture and Arts Associa-
tion_, Toronto, with $1 member's fees, not later than 1st August, 1889.
Ontario Veterinary College.
From this offshoot of the Association, 157 diplomas were granted to students
^10 graduated in the year 1888, under the tuition of Principal A. Smith, V.S.,
and his able staff of professors. Our expenses were $186.
The Forty-third Provincial Exhibition.
This was held in the city of Kingston, from Sept. 10th to Sept. loth, 1888,
when we offered prizes to the amount of $14,608, and paid $11,616.50. The
number of entries was 7,504, our cash receipts were $8,869.71 and Government
grant $5,500, the total being $14,369.71, leaving $3,871.60, to be made up from
other sources.
This year our Exhibition is to be held in London, according to an agreement
entered into between the city of London, the Western Fair Board and ourselves.
To release a lien held by us on the old grounds, it is to be hoped that the House
of Assembly will allow us the usual grant as entered in the estimates, in order
that we carry out our agreement,
5
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
After this year I would advise our Council not to ask for a grant for this
purpose, as it is of little use going to the smaller cities to risk money to benefit
the farmers and breeders, wlien they do not see the advantages to be gained by
our doing so. The Council can then turn their atteation to other matters per-
taining to agriculture, and more especially to a s])ring show of pure-bred horses^
bulls, fat cattle, etc.
Fat Stock Show.
This was not held last year, partly owing to there not being a suitable
building, it was postponed from December till March, to be held at the same
time as the Clydesdale Horse Show, but owing to the dry summer, and the
scarcity of fat cattle, was linally abandoned for this season.
The sixth annual convention of the International Association of Fairs and
Exhibitions was held in Chicago on the 22nd and 23rd of November last. Our
Association was represented by the Hon. C. Drury and myself ; we also had the
pleasure of visiting the Chicago Fat Stock Show, which was at that time being
held. Mr. H. J. Hill, of the Industrial Exhibition, was elected Secretary, and
upon him depends the printing of the two last reports, which will be of much
benefit to you all.
Office Work.
We have been constantly busy ; over 5,000 letters have been written, besides.
15,000 prize lists, posters, etc., having been sent out. I have also signed 4,311
certificates of ])ure-bred stock, visited several of the exhibitions and county
shows on your behalf, and to further interest in the various herd books, and in
other work of the Association.
All of which is respectfully submitted.
(Signed,) H. WADE,
Secretary. <
The Secretary also read the following letter :
Department of Agriculture, Canada,
Ottawa, 11th February, 1889.
Sir, — I enclose to you herewith the original of a letter and envelope con-
taining $1.31, being conscience money on behalf of the person sending it, having
obtained admission to the Provincial Exhibition of 1880 on a tisket belonging to
another. Have the kindness to acknowledoe.
I have the honor to be, Sir,
Your obedient servant,
J. Lowe,
Deputy Minister of Agriculture.
H. Wade, Esq.,
Secretary Agriculture and Arts Association.
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1 S90
To the Minister ox Agriculture,
Ottawa,
Dear Sir, — The enclosed one dollar and thirty-one cents is the payment
with compound interest to date of" a ticket to the Provincial Exhibition of 1880,
which by mistake was not paid, (or rather was admitted on a season ticket held
by another, by mistake).
Yours truly.
Mr. Legge spoke in favour of the suggestion of the Secretary as to the
giving of medals to each township, and proposed that the Board be a committee
to consider the matter.
An informal discussion then took place on the propriety of continuing the
Provincial Exhibition. Messrs. Legge, Shipley, Rawlings, Rykert thinking it
should, while Mr. Awrey, the newly elected member, thought it should be
discontinued.
The meeting then adjourned until 2 o'clock.
Afternoon session. Same members present. Before resuming business a
deputation that was appointed by the Breeders at the Kingston Exhibition was
heard by the Hon. C. Drury, Minister of Agriculture. The deputati<m consisted
of Wm. McCrae, of Guelph, and Robert Vallance, of Osnabruck Centre. John
Hope, of Brantford, was the other member ; the following letter of excuse was
read from him :
Bow Park,
Brantford, Ont., Feb. 16th, 1889.
Henry Wade, Esq.:
My Dear Sir, — T regret very much that a prior appointment will prevent
my being with you on the 19th instant, for which I am very sorry, knowing; the
importance with which I regard the continuance of the Provincial Exhil>itions.
I do trust that there will be sufficient influence used to continue its great benefit
to the agricultural population. I cannot shut my eyes to the very many objec-
tionable features that are beins: introduced into the other leading exhibitions of
Ontario. To say they as agricultural exhibitions cannot be made to paA', is, I
think, a slur upon the intelligence of our population.
Yours truly,
John Hopi:.
A deputation, representing the stock breeders of the Province, then appeared
before the Board and the Minister of Agriculture, who was present.
Mr. Wm. McCrae, of Guelph, was first introduced. He said he had not much
more to add to what he had already said at Kingston. To his mind it was very
clear that the farming community got very little as its share of the money spent
by the country. For example, they paid three-fifths of the taxes, and had only
the Ontario Agricultural College and the Provincial Exhibition kept up for their
53 Victoria. Sessional Paper3 (No. 8). A. 1890
benefit. There had been a great cry against the expense of the Provincial
Exhibition compared with other shows. That could be obviated in one way, but
the country at large would not then get the benefit. He admitted that if the
Provincial Fair was to be centralized in one particular city, and had not to move
around, there would be a considerable saving in the expenses attending its man-
agement. For instance, if it were kept in Toronto it would not cost so much to
keep it going as if it were to be moving from that city to Kingston, London,
or Ottawa. But, on the other hand, he would like to point out the fact that
there was something in the Provincial Exhibition that was a greater good to the
country than could be gauged by the actual gate receipts. He would take the
Ottawa district for example. He had taken twenty-two carloads of stock to the
Ottawa Exhibition, and had found little competition there at first. But some
years afterwards they were beaten in some of the dairy breeds at Ottawa, and
did not now find it so easy a matter to win prizes against eastern breeders.
One, man from the Ottawa Valley had told him that before the Exhibition went
to Ottawa the exports of cheese and butter 'from that section amounted to about
$17,0U0 annually, while now they are computed at $250,000. So it would at
once be seen that if the gate receipts were not up to what would pay the expenses
of the Exhibition the country at large was a very great gainer by it. The first
cost of imitorted cattle Avas different from what it was twenty years ago. Then
what was counted good stock from this country cost from £15 to £20, but now
the standard was higher and the animals required to satisf}^ the taste of the
country commanded a hundred guineas. Without the Provincial Exhibition
there would be little to stimulate breeders to improve their stock and keep it up
to the march of the times. All over the countrj^ live stock was growing in value
from the impetus given to breeding by the Provincial Fair, It was claimed by
some that the interests of breeders would be as well served if the matter were
left to the central exhibitors or those that were not kept up by the Government,
but that was a mistake. In his 3^ounger days, if there was any fun going — a
horse-race, for instance — he was apt, like the average youth to leave his work
and go to seek the sport ; and the horse-racing and other amusements at the city
shows were likely to attract more than an exhibition of stock would. The
Toronto Exp(xsition was not a stock one or an agricultural one, and even though
a show might make money if it was not an agricultural exhibition it did not
amount to much from a breeder's or a farmer's standpoint. The feeling against
the Provincial Exhibition was one of jealousy, because some of the other sliows
believed that if it were wiped out the\^ would get larger appropriations. If the
Provincial Exhibition were done away with, the young people from the farms
would be brought to see exhibitions that were side-shows rather than agricul-
tural exhibitions. Americans looked to the national shows for the best specimens
of cattle, and accepted the stock there shown as the criterion. The Government
of the day should not only give- the grant to the Provincial Exhibition, but it
should give more than was asked. The grant for the Exhibition proper was only
$5,500, or barely 3 cents for every hundred-acre farm. It would be a good thing
for the country if that grant were doubled, and so enable it as a national agri-
cultural show to outstrip all others. There were some changes in the manage-
ment of the Exhibition which could be made with advantage, more especially
in the selecting of judges, but he understood he would have an opportunity of
referring to that matter later on.
Mr. Vallance, of Or?nabruck, was the next speaker. He said that Mr, McCrae
had left him very little to say. It was desirable that the Provincial Exhibition
should be continued, and also that the Government grant should be increased.
He denied that his usefulness was gone, and emphasized what Mr. McCrea had
8
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
said regarding the beiietits of the Exhibition to the eastern part of the Province.
A few years ago very few went to the Provincial Exhibition from Eastern
Ontaiio, but now the men of tlwt section were able to successfully compete with
the western breeders. The eastern part of the Province was now a tiairyin^^r
section, although comparatively young in stock-breeding-. Whatever stimulus
they had received had been given mainly by the Provincial Exhibitions at
Kingston and Ottawa. The Ayrshires and Shorthorns exhibited at Ottawa had
been brought to Glengarry and adjoining counties and the stock had thus been
improved. Although not a financial success, the countr}^ had reaped great benefit
irom the Provincial Exhibition. The hearty support of the Government was
necessary to its success, and therefore the Board should ask not only for a con-
tinuance of the grant, but also for its increase. The more successful stock at the
riding shows should always have a chance of contending for higher honors at
a Provincial Exhibition. The lessons derived from the Provincial Exhibition
WL're lasting.
Mr. John Rowand, M.P., was of the opinion that the farmers generally were
in favor of continuing the Provincial Exhibition, and so were the breeders. It
was the only Exhibition in the country that the agricultural class had control of.
The other shows were not held in the interest of agriculture, but were controlled
in the interests of the towns and cities originating them. Looking at the past
history of the Exhibition no one would carelessly throw it away. It had led the
Province of Ontario up to what it was now, not only in the improvement of
stock, but also in the improvement of cereals. The main question was: Has the
usefulness of the Exhibition gone ? Some said it had, but the agriculturists did
not think so. The other exhibitions had taken its place to a certain extent, but
farmers felt that if the Provincial Show were dropped the other exhibitions
would pay very little attention to agricultural interests. Last year the stockmen
•at the Toronto Exposition were ready to sign a round robin not to return, and
were only kept from doing so because the horsemen did not join them. As far
■as the Provincial Exhibition had been discussed at farmers' institutes there was
only one institute, he believed it was in Middlesex, had gone against it.
A Member of the Board — That was not a farmers' institute.
Mr. Rowand— Well, perhaps, the people of that county had some special
reason for that action ; they may have been influenced by the nearness of the
Western Fair at London. The speaker concluded by saying that the Govern-
ment Avould be sustained by the agricultural class if the grant were continued,
and even if it were increased.
Mr. Joshua Legge, of Kingston, believed that the people of his section were
in favor of having the grant to the Provincial Exhibition continued. Whenever
it had been held in Kingston it had been regarded as a great benefit. Breeders
of cattle had sold manj' head at the Exhibition, and had disposed of many more
from orders when they got home. Last 3"ear, owing to the very dry season and
the scarcity of fodder, sales were not so large as usual. Whenever there was an
opportunity of having the Show at Kingston the people of that city were
anxious to have it there. A large number of Americans had come over to
Kingston, and had remarked that the Exhibition was better than they had in
New York Stale. At Ottawa it had been a benefit to the breeders 'and public
generally, although the gate receipts were not as large as in the west. If any
members of the Legislature were to oppose the grant to the Exhibition they
would hear about it when they went back to be re-elected.
Hon. C. Drury, Minister of Agriculture, said the matter of the continuance
of the grant was to be decided by the vote of the Legislature, and he was unable
9
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. S). A. 1890
to say what the result would be. The deputation was a representative one, and
its claims would liave full weight. The usual grant had been placed in the-
estimates, and would be voted upon by the whole House.
The Secretary then took the chair, and explained that the election of officers,
was now in ordei'.
Moved by Joshua Legge, seconded by Ira Morgan, That J. C. Rykert, M.P.,
be appointed President for 1889. — Carried.
Moved by R. Vance, seconded by Ira Morgan, That L. E. Shipley be
appointed Vice-president.
Moved in amendment by J. C. Senll, seconded by James Rowand M.P>
That A. Rawlings, of Forest, be appointed Vice-President.— The amendment
carried.
Mr. Geo. Graham was re-elected Treasurer.
Mr. R3'kert, the newly elected President, then took the chair.
The President Elect's Address.
And in returning thanks for the renewal of confidence shown in his being*
chosen president for the third time, .said he was the oldest member of the Board,,
having been connected with it for about thirty years, and during all that time
he had kept up his interest in its affairs. The Provincial Exhibition had not
lost its usefulness, and he believed the farmers of the country were not in favor
of its decease, but on the other hand, they desired its continuance. During the
last ten years there had not been a single dissenting voice raised by farmers
against the Provincial Exhibition. Lately a feeling of jealousy had been exhi-
bited in some quarters, but the sober sense of the country had been in favor of
the exhibition. It might be, however, that the plan of carrying on the exhibition
could be changed with advantage. As had been been pointed out by members of
the delegation who had recently addressed the Board, the great argument with
some who opposed the Provincial Exhibition, was that the grant might be
divided among their shows. Even though the province lost $5,000 or $10,000
annually on the exhibition in deficient gate receipts, still the country was a
gainer in many other ways. He again thanked the Board for the honor it had
done him.
Moved by J. Legge, seconded by A. Rawlings, That a vote of thanks be
hereby tendered to the retiring President, Ira Morgan, Esq., for the very able way in
which he had performed his duties for the yeai\
Mr. Morgan, in a few choice words, thanked the Association for their mark
of respect.
Moved by J. 0. Snell, seconded by Mr. Legge, That the following members
of the Council be a Committee to select the Standing Committees, Messrs.
Rowand, Legge, Rawlings, Awrey, Vance and the mover. — Carried.
While this Committee were drawing up their report, the following letter
was read from P. Jamieson, Esq.:
February 19th, 1889.
To the Council of the Agriculture and Arts Association :
Gentlemkn. — Having complained on several previous occasions to the
Secretary of the Association of the danger done to my property by an imperfect
10
58 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
and defective loof, I have asked the Council to pay for the repairs necessary,
and in order to ecet at this sum I have had tenders for the different kinds of
work. The sum of the lowest of them all is $194.00, which sum I expect the
Council to provide.
Philip Jamieson.
A committee consisting of Ira Morgan, N. Awrey and A. Rawlings, were
appointed to report next morning on Mr. Jamieson's claim.
Moved by N. Awrey, seconded by Jas. Rowand, That the report as below of
Standing Committees be adopted.
Executive and Building Committee — Messrs. Snell, Rawlings, Shipley, Vance
and Legge.
Finance and Printing — Messrs. Awrey, McPherson, Morgan and Palmer.
Gates and Turnstiles — Messrs. Legge, Awrey, Rowand and Dawson.
Fat Stock Shovj — Messrs. Rawlings, Sncdl, Dawson.
Educational Scheme — Messrs. Awrey, Wade and Prof. Mills.
Herd Books — Messrs. Snell, Rawlings, Shipley, Rowand and Wade.
Short-Horn Association — Messrs. Snell, Dawson, Rowand, Vance, Rawlings
and Shipley.
Agricultural Hall — Messrs. Morgan, Vance, McPherson and Awrey.
Prise Farms — Messrs. Rowand, Awrey and Shipley.
Delegates to Central Farmers Institutes — Messrs. Snell and Legge.
Moved by Ira Morgan, seconded by L. E. Shipley,
Whereas, what is now called the Agriculture and Arts Association of
Ontario was established in the year 1830, and was then called the Bureau of
Agriculture, it being intended to encourage the establishment of Agricultural
Societies ; and whereas, in 1837 the Act incorporating the same had expiied, a
new one was passed for the same purpose and renewed in 1841 until 1844 ; in
1845, a new Act was passed for the purpose of encouraging Agricultural Societies
and Agriculture in Upper Canada. Under this Act the first Provincial Exhibi-
tion was held at Toronto in 1846. In 1847, an Act was passed to incorporate the
Agricultural Association of Upper Canada, and 1850 an Act was passed to
establish a Board of Agriculture ; these have been amended from time to time,
and up to 1882 it was compulsory that the Provincial Exhibition be held each
year ; since that time, however, it has been at the option of the Council to hold
it or not.
The Provincial Exhibition has been held for forty-three consecutive years,
and has been the means of encouraging agricnlture as well as the arts. It has
awakened a rivalry amongst those possessing good stock to breed better, and has
aroused a desire to import stock from Great Britain, and this long before the
days of central and city shows. It would be hard to calculate the immence
advantages that have been derived by holding these shows, in fact they have
been the foundation of nearly all the advance in agriculture. They have been
..." ^ "
conducted on business principles, and a record has been kept of all prize awards
from the first, which is handed down for all time, a thing that can be said of no
other Exhibition Association. It has also been kept comparatively clear of horse
racing and side shows, and has, in a proper direction, been made an educational
11
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
system for our people. The prizes, also, have always had a great prestige on
account of their provincial nature.
Of late years, since the establishment of the Industrial, and other local and
central exhibitions, it has been the fashion to say, that the usefulness of the
Provincial Exhibition was gone ; this we deny, but are awake to the fact tliat
our work is not now so necessary as formerly, so many large shows being held in
the o-reat cities where the Provincial Exhibition formerly held sway.
And whereas, some years ago the Board of Agriculture loaned $4,000.00 to
the City of London, secured by a lien on the old Western Fciir Grounds, and
whereas, the City of London has purchased new grounds ; the Corporation of the
above city, and the Western Fair Board, in a consultation with the executive of
this Association, agreed to give the Association a lease of their new grounds once
in every four years for the period of twenty years, in lieu of the lien held by
them ; this was agreed to by all the parties concerned and in accordance there-
with, at the December meeting of our Council a resolution was passed, praying
the Leo-islature to allow a grglnt of $4,000.00 for the above purpose, and that the
forty-fourth Provincial Exhibition might be held at London from the 9th till loth
September next.
Be it resolved, that this Council still petition for the grant for this year in
order to carry out their obligation to the City of London, but that hereafter,
they may not find it necessary to ask for it.
Mr. Awrey, M.P.P., moved in amendment, seconded by Jas. Rowand, That
the word after ihe word " hereafter " be struck out, and the following be inserted
in lieu thereof, " hereafter their policy will be not to ask for a future grant for
the purpose of holding a Provincial Exhibition/' until the Board are convinced
that a strong demand exists in the |)rovince for an exhibition under the control
of the Agriculture and Arts Association.
Mr. Awrey in speaking to the amendment tried to show that the Provincial
Exhibition was not wanted,
Mr. Morgan excelled himself in advocating the Provincial, and stated that
Mr. Awrey was mistaken in saying that Ottawa repudiated its invitation, that it
was only one or two officious gentleman on the Council in Ottawa that year that
made the objection and they were defeated at the polls the next season.
Mr. Shipley and Mr. Rawlings also took part in the debate
The Secretary's Report was then considered in committee of the whole, and
the scheme advocated by him for the enlargement of the work in connection with
giving prizes to farms was adoj)ted, on motion of Ira Morgan, secondedby Jas
Rowand, M. P.
John B. Freeman, M.P.P., of Simcoe, and Francis Green, jr., Esq., of Innerkip
were appointed Judges for the three Hurons, three Wellingtons, and two Perths
tliirty-one townships in all.
On motion of N. Awrey, M.P.P., seconded by R. Vance, John I. Notman,
of Weston, and John Lowrie, Esq., of Sarnia, were appointed Judges for the
three Greys, two Bruces, and Dutferin, twenty-eight townships.
The rest of the report was also adopted and ordered to be printed in the
report to the Minister of Agriculture.
Geo. Graham, Esq., the Treasurer, then presented his report for 1888, stating
that he had received in all $29,158.64, and had paid out $28,992.71, leaving a
balance of $165.93 on hand.
Moved by L. E. Shipley, seconded by Wm. Dawson, That the Treasurer s
report as audited be accepted. — Carried.
12
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
A discussion then took place as to the time and place of holding the next
meeting, in case the grant was allowed. It was left to the decision of the.
President and Secretary.
Meeting then adjourned until 10 o'clock a.m. to-morrow.
HENRY WADE,
t Secretary.
Wednesday, 2()th February, 10 a.m.
Council resumed business, ail the members present but Messrs. Rykert and
Rowand, who left for Ottawa the night before, Vice-President A. Rawiings u he
chair.
Ira Morgan presented the following report of the Jamieson matter: —
To the Prexiilcnt and Members of the Board of Agriculture :
Gentlemen. — Your Committee according to instructions, visited the premises
occupied and leased by P. Jamieson from this Association, and find that the ct-ilinfr
of the building is very much injured by a portion of it falling uli". In examining the
tenders for the needed repairs received by Mr. Jamieson, we find an offer to have
it properly done for $194.00. According to resolution passed by your Council,
that you would pay one-half of expense for such repairs, we made an agi-eement
with Mr. Jamieson to go on with the work, and if properly done this Association,
would pay one-half, not to exceed $97 00.
All of which is respectfully submitted,
Ira Morgan, Chairman,
N. AWREY,
A. Rawlings, Vice-President.
Committee Room, July 20th, 1889.
Mr. Awrey moved, seconded by Ira Morgan, That the report of this special
committee be received and adopted. — Carried.
Moved by Mr. Awrey. and seconded by Mr. Snell, That .the Council of this.
Association request the different Live Stock Associations, as well as the Poultry
Association, to name a number of gentlemen who in their opinion would b*
competent to disharge the duties of judges in the several classes of stock
represented by said associations ; also, that they express in writing to the
Secretary, their 0|jiniou as to the number of judges required in each class.
1 John I. Hobson, auditing.
2 do interest
3 J. B. Smyth, auditing
4 H. Wade, petty CH.sh
5 R. Polk & <Jo , Directory and advertising.
6 Canadian Ma'lwai/ Neios Co., advertising, 1888
7 Mail Job Office, educational .scheme
8 I J. A. Sleightholme, prize, 1888
9 Eraynre, advertising e-xpenses, 1888 . . .
10 Napanee Express, advertising, 1888
11 I Mail Job Office
12 I Stock Journal Co., educational scheme
Total
13
30 00
32 00
30 00
6 42
fi 50
6 00
26 00
5 00
9 00
4 00
25 00
5 40
$185 3^
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
To the President and Members Board of Agriculture :
Your Committee recommend the payment of the above accounts, amounting
io $185.32. All of which is respectfully submitted.
N. AWREY,
Chairman.
Committee Room, July 20th, 1880.
The election of Superintendents for the various departments in case the
show is held in London, was then taken up.
A. Smith, V.S., was re-elected Referee.
Moved by Mr. Dawson, seconded by Mr. Legge, That Mr. A. H. White be
re-appointed General Superintendent at a salary of $100. — Carried.
■ " Superintendent of Manufacturing and Mechanical Department. — E. Jack-
son, of Newmarket, re-appointed.
Superintendent of Grain and Roots and Horticultural Bepattment. — James
Mitchell, of London, was appointed.
Superintendent of Art Department. — Thomas Hunter, Toronto, re-appointed
Superintendent of Horses — Robert Vallance, Osnabruck Centre.
" Cattle — C. W. Chambers, Woodstock.
" Sheep — H. Chisholm, Paris.
" Swine — Wm. Collins, Peterboro'.
Poultry — Wm. McNeil, London.
Members' Committees.
Horses Awre}' and Shipley
Cattle , Rawlings and Snell.
Sheep and Pigs Vance and Dawson.
Poultry Palmer and McPherson.
Implements Rowand and Dawson.
Arts Department Morgan and Awrey.
Horticultural Products Palmer and Rykert.
Agricultural " Rowand and Legge.
Dairy " McPherson and Dawson.
Judges and Delegates — All the Council.
Hon. C. Drury then explained to the Council that ho had last year moved
for a committee to consider the advisability of preparing a hand-book of refer-
ence containing plans of farmers' houses and buildings ; he would now say that
he had taken it up as a work of the department over which he presided.
The meeting then adjourned.
H. WADE.
Secretary,
14
o3 Victoria. Sessional I'apers (No. 8). A. 1890
LoNDOX, May 2, 1889,
Western Fair Board Rooms.
Minutes of meeting of the Council of the Agriculture and Arts Association.
Members present : Messrs. McPherson, Morgan, Leg^^e, Palmer, Vance, Snell,
Awrey, Rykert, Dawson, Rowand, Shipley, Rawlings and Drury.
C. J. Rykert, M.P., President, in the chair.
The Secretary read the minutes of the previous meeting, which were con-
firmed. Correspondence was then read.
One from Glass Bros. & Co., asking for a gold medal in case they made an
exhibit worthy of it, in the class of stoneware of diti'erent kinds, rough mnjolera,
terra-cotta, etc. •
This was left to the decision of the committee during the exhibition.
A letter was read from W. H. Winnett, asking the privilege to sell lumber
-during the show, and for a certain space of ground west of ladies' saloon.
Moved by Mr. Morgan, seconded by D. M. McPherson, That Mr. Winnett be
allowed the space asked for, on condition that he send in a list of prices of the
lumber to the Jilxecutive Committee for approval. — Carried.
• A letter was read from A. Holman, of the London Baseball and Athletic
Association, asking the Council to advertise on their hangers, costing $ 1 2. This
was granted,
Mr. Bogue was then heard in reference to the poultry prize list, suggesting
more changes, giving the names of new varieties.
These were added to the list.
Aid. Killarcl addressed the Council about some improvements wished for by
Mr. Weld, but as that gentleman arrived in the meantime, he addressed the
Council, and said that he intended to contribute to the prize list to the extent of
$100 ; $60 for a prize for milch cows standing a certain test, and $40 to the Art
Class. These prizes, with conditions, will be found in the prize list.
On motion of the Hon. C. Drury, seconded by H. Rawlings, a resolution was
passed thanking Mr. Weld for his liberal offer for premiums.
A letter was read from A. H. Wliite, Chatham, accepting the office of General
Supeiintendent under the new arrangement.
The Council then adjourned to visit the Western Fair Grounds. They were
accompanied by the Mayor of London, the President of the Western Fair, and
several prominent gentlemen, and, after seeing them, expressed themselves as
well pleased with the buildings and grounds.
Council met again at 7.30 p.m.
The members all present ; Mr. Rykert in the chair,
A letter was read from John Dry den, M.P.P., President of the Short Hoin
Breeders Association, asking for a grant of $1,U00 towards printing the Herd
Books, stating that the ordinary income from the Association would not permit
of the printing of two volumes a year, and that as the two Herd Books had been
amalgamated, and all expenses so far had been met by the Dominion Short Horn
Association, but that he now hoped the Council would assist them to that extent.
On motion of Mr. Rowand, seconded by Mr. Rawlings, the question of the
grant was lakl over until the exhibition meeting, to see how the funds were.
15
63 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
On motion of Mr. Palmer, seconded by Mr. Awrey, That Mr. McBroom,
Secretary of the Western Fair, be employed as local secretary for a month, in-
cluding the week of the exhibition, and to be paid one hundred and fifty dollars.
— Carried.
The revision of the prize list was now taken up. The following letters were
read : —
One from Joseph Beck, of Thorndale, asking that more prizes be given to
Suffolk coach horses.
One from George J. Griffith, Secretary of the Forest City Florist and Gar-
deners' Club, asking for changes in the list, and enclosing a copy of a corrected list
for our guidance. This w?s largely acted on by the committee.
A letter was read from Mr. Fox, of Toronto, suggesting additions to the
pigeon list.
The whole list was carefully gone over, and several alterations made. A
special prize was also accepted through the Sheep Breeders' Association, from Mr.
John Pearce & Co., of London, for a flock of sheep, wool and mutton combined.
The following judges were chosen from the lists sent in by the different
Breeders' Associations : —
Ayrshires. — Wm. Crawford, Markham ; John Foott, Port Hope, and John
M. Powers, Bowman ville witli James W. Cormick, Rockton, as substitute, were
chosen.
Shorthorns. — Hugh Thompson, St. Marys ; John Isaac, Markham ; Richard
Gibson, Delaware ; with J. I. Davidson, Balsam, as substitute.
To the Committee of the Provincial Exhibition on Cattle :
Gentlemen, — At a meeting of the Dominion Holstein Friesian Association
held in Guelph on March 13th, 1889, it was moved by H. Bollert, Cassel, Ont.,
seconded by A. C. Hallman, New Dundee, Ont., and unanimously carried.
That, whereas there has been dissatisfaction in some of the leading exhibitions
in the judging of Holstein cattle as tending to encourage the beef qualities to the
detriment of the dairy qualities, as has been seen in other breeds in England and
Ainerica ; and as there are enough good beef breeds and not enough good dairy
cattle in Ontario as it is virtually becoming a dairy province ;
Be it resolved, That it is the opinion of this Association, that men who have
had experience in breeding and handling and are thoroughly acquainted with the
points, form and quality of Holsteins be appointed judges, and that a copy of
this resolution be sent to the secretaries of the leading exhibitions. We beg
leave to recommend any of the following gentlemen as suitable and proper
persons : Dudley Miller, Oswego, N. Y. ; S. Hoxie, Whiteside, N. Y. ; F. C. Stevens,
Attica, N. Y.
A. GlFFOKD,
Secretary H. F. Association,
Per D. E. S.,
Secretary, pro tern..
Henry Wade, Esq.,
Secretarv Provincial Exhibition, Toronto.
Meaf ord , March, 1 88 9.
Mr. F. C. Stevens, of Attica, N. Y., whs chosen.
16
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890-
Clydesdales. — Geo. Moore, Waterloo; Wm. Smith, M.P., Columbus; Eobt.
Ness, Howick, Q., with D. McCrae, Guelpli, as substitute were chosen.
Sh'k'e Horses.— John Hendrie, Hamilton ; James Rountree, Carlton West ;
John Kemp, Toronto, with Jas. Addison, Malton, as substitute were chosen.
Judges recommended by the Sheep Breeders' Association : —
Shropshires. — F. Shore, White Oak ; S. Lemon, Kettleby ; H. H. Spencer,,
Brooklin, with John Conwarth, Paris, as substitute were chosen.
Southdowns. — A. R. Kidd, Warsaw ; Wm. Martin, Binbrook ; R, River.-s,
Walkerton, with A. Teller, Paris, as substitute were chosen.
Lercester and Lincoln. — Geo. Weeks, Glanworth ; W. E. Swain, Valentia ;
Wm. Cowan, Gait, with H. B. Jeffs, Bond Head, as substitute were chosen.
Cots'wolds. — Thos. Colley, Castlederg ; A. Johnson, Greenwood ; Thos. Waters,
Rockvvood, with T. Teasdale, Concord, as substitute were chosen.
Merinos andj Dorsets. — L. Lapier, Paris ; Geo. Weeker, Glanworth ; George-
Buchanan, Ranchton, with Wm, Farr, Aylmer, as substitute were chosen.
It was also decided to continue prizes for Indian work as started by the
Western Fair Board last year.
The Poultry Association were also asked to send a list of judges at their
next meeting.
From the Western Fair Board the following gentlemen were appointed to,
assist on the various committees : —
Horses — Col. Leys, Henry Drainey ; Cattle— R. Benning, R. Whetter ; Sheep
and Pigs — Geo. Douglas, A. R. Rowat ; Poultry — Cap. Porte, A. J. B. McDonald ;
Implements — W. M. Gartshore, W. R. Hobbs ; Arts Department — Col. Lewis, J,
W. Little, D. H. Marsh ; Horticultural— A. M. Smart, W^ Y. Brunton ; Agri-
cultural— D. McKenzie, O'Meara Garrett ; Dairy — J. G. Pearce, A. J. B. McDonald ;
Indian Department — ^A. Boque, Garrett and Legatt.
Miss Street, of London, was appointed Superintendent of the Ladies' De-
partment.
Mr. Hook was appointed Superintendent of the Machinery Department.
Moved by Mr. Awrey, seconded by Mr. Snell, That the question of attractions
be left to the Executive Committee. — Carried.
A special prize of forty dollars w^as accepted from the Clydesdale Horse
Association for the best mare and one of her progeny, both the property of the
exhibitor, to be recorded in the Canadian Clydesdale Book.
The matter of tenders for prize lists, posters, hangers and prize list covers
was then taken up and were given to the lowest tenderers, the Mail job office,
Toronto, getting the 8,000 prize lists, the Toronto Lithograph Co., 4,000 hangera
and the Free Press of London the three-sheet posters and prize list covers.
A resolution was passed making good to the Secretary a bad $10 bill of the
Consolidated Bank taken inadvertantly.
The Finance Committee also passed several accounts amounting in the
aggregate to $234.69,
H. WADE,
Secretary
2 (A. A.) 17
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
MINUTES OF EXECUTIVE MEETING, HELD IN LONDON, JULY 31st,
1889, AT WESTERN FAIR OFFICE.
Members present — President J. C. Rykert, M.P., J. C. Snell, R. Vance, L. E.
Shipley, J. Legge and H. Wade, Secretary.
A deputation from the London Kennel Club, waited upon the committee to
ask for a money grant to help them in their prize list, amount required $500.
It consisted of Piichard Gibson, T. H. Marsh, Dr. Niven, L. Meredith and C.
Stone. The deputation was heard and the matter was allowed to stand over.
Mr. Whitter was allowed to have a lumber yard on the grounds, and to charge
$15 per thousand to visitors.
The matter of booth privileges was then considered, and it was resolved
tliat the Secretary be authorized to sell them by auction at an upset price, about
the 15 th of August.
W. Weld, Esq., then interviewed the committee as to getting excursion rates
from the Maritime and Northwestern provinces ; the Secretary was requested to
assist him all he could by writing or interviewing the railway authorities.
The Committee then adjourned to visit the fair grounds.
Evening Session.
In addition to the Provincial Committee, the following members of the
Western Fair Board and others were in attendance, D. McKenzie, Wm. Brunston,
Wm'. Marsh, W. Porte and W. Weld.
A conversation took place about special attractions, and the city committee
were requested to manage the matter.
Moved by L. E. Shipley, seconded by R. Vance, That $1,200 be voted to the
local committee for special attractions. — Carried.
Mr. Legge, asked for the loan of the western turnstiles, which was granted.
Mr, McBroom was requested to enquire into the prices for bands to play
during the exhibition.
The Secretary was requested to correspond with the several railway passenger
agents as to excursion rates.
Moved by L. E. Shipley, seconded by R, Vance, That the request of the
Kennel Club for $500 be not granted, but that a gold medal be given for the
best collection of Colly dogs, also that 100 attendants tickets and that 150 single
tickets be allowed them. — Carried.
It was resolved, that $1,000 be placed at the credit of H. Wade, Secretary^
for the expenses of the Association during the absence of the Treasurer, Geo-
Graham, in England.
It was resolved, that the General Superintendant, be authorized and
instructed to have such additional buildings erected for cattle, sheep and pigs, as
may be required according to the entries as furnished by the Secretary, also to
provide for extension to the lavatory and water closets, flooring of sheds, and
providing seats on the grounds. — Carried.
The meeting adjourned.
H. WADE,
Secretary.
18
63 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No 8). A. 1890
London, Saturday September, 7th, 1889.
Minutes of Executive Committee, meeting held in Board Room on the
grounds, 2 p. m.
Members present — Rykert, Snell, Vance, Legge and Secretary Wade.
Mr. Rykert, President, in the chair.
It was resolved that the Gate Committee should have full control of the
Ting gates as well as the entrance gates ; said committee to apply to General
Superintendent White for the men.
It was resolved that Mr. Jackson be allowed to engage eight caretakers for
the main building, they to include one for the ladies' department. He was
^Iso requested to fix the amounts for rents of privileges in said main building.
It was resolved the Ladies' Temperance Association be allowed free use of
their building and to be given twenty admission tickets.
It was resolved that the Treasurer should give gate tickets to ticket sellers,
and that it would be the duty of the Chairman of gates to count them.
Meeting adjourned.
H. WADE,
Secretary.
Monday, 2 p. m., 9th September.
Minutes of Board meeting, held in Board Room on grounds.
Present — Messrs. Rykert, Snell, Awrey, Morgan, Legge, Dawson and Vance.
President Porte, of the Western Pair, who was to take charge of the attrac-
tions, said there should be ring badges provided. He was instructed to have 200
of them printed.
It was resolved that besides badges for each of the Western Board, that four
complimentary tickets be sent each member for their families.
Mr. Porte authorized the loan of the Western Fair flags, by giving a receipt
for them.
The Directors of the Bench Show asked for badges for themselves. As all
the tickets they asked for were given them, this extra request was not granted.
The Secretary was requested to engage the band of the 7th Fusileers to play
two afternoons for $70.00.
Mr. J. B. Smyth was appointed Superintendent of the Carriage Department.
Moved by Mr. Morgan, seconded by Mr. Legge, That this Council of the
Board of Agriculture and Arts Association of Ontario, having heard with deep
regret of the death of the late Rev. Robert Burnet, D.D., who was a former
member of this board and president of the Fruit Growers' Association of Ontario
for many years, who took an active part in the interests and welfare of these
associations and was always found to be a valuable member while occupying a
seat at this board, do now take the first opportunity of expressing our sympathy
with his bereaved family in the loss they have sustained of a kind and affectionate
husband and an indulgent parent.
19
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
That this resolution be entered upon the minutes of this council and the
same be engrossed and a copy transmitted to the family of the deceased.
Meeting adjourned to 10 a. m., 10th of September.
H. WADE,
Secretary.
Tuesday, September 10th, 10 a. m., Board Room.
Present — J. C. Rykert, President, Awrey, Rowand, Snell, Dawson, Legge,.
Vance, Rawlings, Morgan and Palmer.
Not present — Hon. C. Drury, L. E. Shipley and D. McPherson. The latter
telegraphed that he had to go to New York on a robbery case ; L. E. Shipley sent
word that he was too ill to attend, and Mr. Drury expected to be up late in the
week.
It was resolved that attendants' tickets be good twice each day.
No quorum in the afternoon. The Council all busy at their various com-
mittee work and starting judges.
Wednesday, September 11th, Board Room, 10 a. m.
Same members present as yesterday. The judges on live stock were started
to work and nearly all reported. In the afternoon several protests were handed
to the several committees.
Thursday, September 12th, Board Room.
Meetings were held at 10 a. m. and 2 p. m., and were taken up by consider-
ing protests. A letter was read from the Hon. C. Drury apologising fornotbeing^
able to attend on account of a severe cold, and wishing the Council success.
Friday, 13th, 10 a. m.
Several members of the Council present. Protests were considered.
Friday, 2 p. m.
Members present — The President, Rawlings, Palmer, Vance, Legge, Awrey^
Snell, Dawson and Rowand.
Not Present — Morgan.
It was resolved that a diploma be given to the Champion Food Co., to Work-
man & Ward for a cylindrical cultivator,
20
■63 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
It was moved by Mr. Legge, seconded by Mr. Pahner, That the Council be
allowed $1.50 each for expenses during the week. — Carried.
Moved by Mr. Snell, seconded by Mr. Rawlings, That Mr. Awrey be author-
ized to pay accounts during the last days of the show. — Carried.
A letter was then read by the Secretary from John Dryden, M.P.P., that
had been laid over from a former meeting, viz.: —
Brooklin, Ont., April 1st, 1889.
H. Wade, Esq, Secretary Agriculture and Arts Association :
Dear Sir, — I learn that your council will soon meet. May I ask that you
will draw their attention to the urgent need of additional funds to provide for
the cost of printing the remaining volumes of our Short Horn Herd Books. The
extra expense of printing old pedigrees, necessitated by the amalgamation of the
work of buth associations, has so far been met by our Short Horn Association,
but as you know their funds will not be sufficient to complete the work, j
desire, therefore, to request through you that a grant of $1,000 be made the
present year for the above object.
Eespectfully yours,
Jno. Dryden,
President S. H. Association.
Moved by J. C. Snell, seconded by Jas. Rowand, M.P., That the request of
the President of the Dominion Short Horn Breeders Association be complied with
-and that one thousand dollars be paid over to them.
Awrey, Snell, Dawson and Rowand voted aye. Rawlings, Palmer, Vance
•and Legge voted nay.
The President said that he was not prepared to decide the matter.
So it was resolved that Messrs. Rykert and Awrey be deputed to settle the
inatter after consulting with the Minister of Agriculture.
Mr. Morgan, after the meeting was over, wished his vote to be recorded for
the grant to be given.
A letter was read from the General Superintendent as follows : —
Fair Grounds, September 13th, 1889.
To the President and Members of the Agriculture and Arts Association :
Gentlemen, — At a previous meeting of your Board I understand you
intended to reduce my salary for the present year by fifty dollars. I would have
been agreeable to this had I not more work than last year. I have been your
humble servant for a number of years, discharging my duties faithfully and for
the best interest of the Association. My duties at your show here have been
very much more than other years, having to fit up grounds and buildings, and
will have much more to do'aftsr the show.
I therefore respectfully request you to make my salary the same as informer
years, as I feel I cannot afford to give the time I have spent here and pay my
expenses at less than my salary for previous yeais.
By kindly considering and complying with the above request you will
greatly oblige,
Your very humble servant,
A. H. White,
General Supt.
21
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
London, Sept. 14, 1889.
We the undersigned, have examined the system of hedge growing which has^
been entered by the Ontario Hedge and Wire Fence Co., for the hedge and wire
fences of Windsor, Ontario, at the 44th Provincial Exhibition of your Association,
and unhesitatingly recommend it as being worthy of your recognition. The plan
of bending in the root and wiring thickens the base, dwarfs the canes and lessens
the labor of pruning besides making a compact and ornamental fence. We
have seen many hedges on the upright plan which have been unsightly and
impracticable, but are satisfied that this system overcomes the objections hereto-
fore existing, and realizing its importance to the cause of agriculture, we cheerfully
recommend the award of a silver medal.
Albin Rawlings,
Joshua Legge,
Committee appointed by the Board of Agriculture and Arts Association for the
Province of Ontario.
It was resolved that Mr. White be paid for an extra week at $4.00 per day.
The meeting then adjourned.
H. WADE,
Secretary.
MINUTES OF ANNUAL MEETING, HELD IN THE CITY HALL, LONDON-
Wednesday Evening, Sept. 11, 1889.
At 8 p.m., the President, J. C. Rykert, M.P, called the meeting to order.
The Secretary, Mr. H. Wade, then proceeded to call the roll, first of the-
members of the Council, and next of the delegates from the different Agricultural
Societies ; the names of those gentlemen who respectively answered to their
names will be found recorded below :
Members of the Council. — District No. 2, Ira Morgan, Metcalfe ; No. 3,.
Joshua Legge, Gananoque ; No. 4, P. R. Palmer, Belleville ; No. .5, Robert Vance,
Ida ; No. 6^ J. C. Snell, Edmonton ; No. 7, N. Awrey, M.P.P., Binbrook ; No. 8,
J. C. Rykert, M.P., St. Catharines ; No. 9, Wm. Dawson, Vittoria ; No. 10, Jas.
Rowand, M.P., Dunblane ; No. 12, Albin Rawlins, Forest.
Delegates froTn, Societies. — Algoma East, Wm. Saunders, London; Bruce,
Richard Rivers, Walkerton, James McKeon, Queen Hill, Neal Cassidy, Port Elgin ;
Brant, N. C. Barker, Paris, John Kay, Paris ; Durham East, John Foott, Port
Hope ; Durham West, James Beith, Bowmanville, Jol\n M. Jones, Bowmanville ;
Glengarry, David Rennie, Williamstown, S. Sangster, Lancaster ; Hastings East,
Charles Loudon, Roslin ; Huron, Daniel Stewart, Russell ; Lambton West, A. R.
McGregor, Sarnia, Wm. Mowbray, Sarnia ; Lanark North, Gilbert Foi'gie, Almonte ;,
Leeds North and Grenville, Joshua Legge, Gananoque; Lincoln, Chai'les Ruften,,
St. Catharines, G. I. NuUen, Virgil, R. Currie, Niagara, J. W. Johnson, St.
Catharines ; Midland Central Fair, Hugh Rankin and R. Meek, Kingston ;
Middlesex East, Geo. Douglas, Ilderton, Donald McKenzie, Hyde Park ; Middlesex
West, James Healey, Strathroy ; Northumberland West, Piatt Newman, Grafton,
James Barnum, Grafton ; Oxford, G. H. Cook, Ingersoll ; Oxford East, F. Green,
09
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers- (No. 8). A. 18S0
jr., Innerkip ; Perth South, James Henderjon, Belton, Keith Lee Eyre, St. Marys ;
Renfrew South, George Mclntyre, Renfrew ; Prince Edward, W. R. Lewis, Bloom-
tield ; Waterloo South, Wm. Cowan, V.S., Gait ; Wentworth North, W. Martin,
Binbrook, Wm. Burkholder, Binbrook ; Wentworth South, M. Petitt, Winona, J.
D. Lutz, Stony Creek; York, Arthur Johnston, Greenwood, Jas. Russell, Rich-
mond Hill ; Toronto, A. Smith, V.S.
The Secretary, H, Wade, read the minutes of the annual meeting held at
Kingston in 1888 ; they were confirmed.
The President then delivered the following address:
Gentlemen, — It is again my privilege as President of the Agriculture and
Arts Association of Ontario to address you and briefly to review the pi'oceedings
in connection therewith during the present year.
I think I am justified at the outset in congratulating the farmers of Ontario
upon the abundant harvest and a return of prosperity.
From every part of the Province, and I may say of the Dominion we have
the most encouraging reports of the abundant yield of almost every kind of grain
and fairly good reports of roots and field crops as also of fruit.
In the early part of the year there was much reason to fear that the season
would prove more than disastrous to the farmers genei-ally in consequence of the
very severe frost, which at a very critical period of the year, caused such
devastation among the earlier crops, but the favorable season which followed to a
very large extent enabled them to repair the loss which they sustained.
Among the marked results of the success of the agriculturist during the
present season is the increasing confidence in commercial centres and the healthy
tone given to business generally.
This association, which has had an existence of forty-three years, is an institu-
tion around which clusters the history of the agricultural as well as the mechanical
development of this country. It has been the cradle of agriculture and arts in
this Province, and to it must be attributed to a very great extent the prosperity
which has been enjoyed by the farming community.
It was originally formed with the intention of bringing together the inhabi-
tants and their products from all parts of the Province so that there might be
gathered in one common centre the most valuable productions from every quarter,
and thus by competition and inspection to excite a laudable emulation in the
breasts of the farming community.
The directors of this association have always felt that these annual exhi-
bitions give to intending purchasers many opportunities and facilities for institut-
ing comparisons, which under no other circumstances would it be possible for
them to make between the different articles from which they have to choose :
that they act as incentives to invention and improvements and afford to the
people a great deal of education of a most practical and easily acquired kind. All
these results are most beneficial and useful particularly in a country, the popula-
tion of which is so widely scattered, and in which the centres of individual
industry are very far apart and they bring the people together from time to time
under the most favorable circumstances.
Among the features which have marked its progress is its constant and per-
sistent endeavor to bring the farmer to believe that there is no more dignified a
profession or occupation than that of farming, and with that object and aim in.
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
view it has offered every incentive and inducement to those who are engaged in
the cultivation of the soil, to better and improve their condition.
This association from its very inception has kept steadily in view the very
great importance of shewing the farmer that he should be educated in such a
manner as will not only qualify him to fill any position in life, and perform his
share in the management of public affairs, but that he should devote his attention
particularly to all such subjects as are essential to success in the occupation of
farming. It has endeavored to teach him that ao-riculture is one of the noblest as
well as one of the most profitable of pursuits, and that by the adoption of new
and improved methods and by enterprise and ambition in the pursuit of his
calling he will so elevate the profession of farming as will enable him to make
his influence felt among those who may be engaged in other pursuits.
It would be superfluous in me, in the presence of those who have been so
long connected with this association to enumerate the benefits which have been
rendered to this Province by this association, for on every side we see the
industries which though not purely agricultural, are connected with it, mainly
brought into existence through its fosterins^ care.
As an association I think we can fairly congratulate ourselves on the work
which we have accomplished in the face of the great opposition we have received
from the different organizations throughout the Province, which take special
delight in using every influence at their command to inflict irreparable injury
ujjon us. It is needless for me to repeat that the concensus of opinion among the
agriculturists generally is that agriculture throughout the Province is mainly
indebted to this, the parent association for its rapid advancement and development.
It is quite natural that local associations should enter the field of competition
and strain every nerve to improve their condition, but I have failed to observe
any satisfactory reason for any of them seeking to destroy the usefulness of an
institution which has always been foremost in the development of the material
resources not only of the Province but of the whole Dominion.
The directors of the association with the concurrence of its members, as
expressed by them at each annual meeting, have had but one object in view, viz.,
the development of the agricultural and manufacturing interests of this Province
and liave continued the holding of the exhibitions in different cities believing that
the farming community in particular, prefer recognition at the hands of a pro-
vincial institution, rather than one of a mere local character whose success depended
upon its local attractions.
There is, however, no denying the fact that ver}^ considerable dissatisfaction
has been manifested not only towards the management of the Provincial Exhi-
bition but also towards its continuance, but this emanates, not from the rural
constituencies, but from cities which have organized local shows — not in the
interest of agriculture, but purely as centres of attraction for the purpose of draw-
ing together crowds and of making money. I deny, however, that the usefulness
of the exhibition has ceased or that there is a general opinion among the farming
community that the exhibition should no longer be held, and I base my opinion
very largely upon the spontaneous opinions which have been so often expressed
by the delegates attending the exhibitions, who very fairly represent the opinions
of the several counties by which they are appointed. Year after year resolutions
have been passed at the annual meetings urging upon the Government not only
the continuance of the exhibitions but have frequently requested that the appro-
priation for the same should be largely increased.
To say that the usefulness of the association is gone, simply because younger
24
58 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
institutions have obtained prominence and have proved financially successful, not
because they hold exhibitions which bring into generous rivalry the productions
of the farm but because they have partaken more of the nature of shov^^s and
amusement centres, is utterly and absolutely untenable and is not justified by
the testimony of prize-takers who have successfully competed at both the Pro-
vincial and these local or central fairs.
It is true beyond all controversy that stock-breeders and those w^ho make
their living by the sale of animals and produce exhibited at these shows prefer a
medal or prize given by a society of provincial character. Year after year the
directors of this association having due regard to the increasing wants of the
country have had an eye to the adoption of plans and schemes which would more
rapidly and generally develop the agricultural resources of the country, than the
mere holding of shows once a year, and it will be their endeavor, I have no doubt,
in the future to encourage the farmer in everything which will promote and
-advance his material interests.
It has never been the aim of this association to make mone}^ out of the exhi-
bitions annually held, but to extend to every part of the Province the advantages
which must necessai'ily follow from the bringing into competition the various
productions of the soil and the vast and numerous improvements in the labor-
saving machinery which has done so much to encourage the agriculturist in the
pursuit of his noble calling.
It has been suggested both inside and outside of the legislature that it would
be better and more expedient to dissolve this association and divide the annual
grant among the several societies which have lately shown such antagonism to
the Provincial, but such a scheme would not only be impracticable, as there would
be no limit to the number which would claim their share, but it would be unfair
to the several constituencies which have not the advantages of these exhibitions.
It must not be forgotten that all these central shows draw heavily from the Pro-
vincial fund by their participation in the annual grants voted by Parliament to
the several counties in which they are situated, and to supplement this amount
by a division of the sum annually devoted by this association to exhibition pur-
poses would be of very little assistance to them.
Many suggestions have been made as to the future of this association by
those who take very little interest in ascertaining or informing themselves as to
the functions and duties we discharge and who think that our only province is to
hold exhibitions and those at a loss financially. The question of the future of this
Provincial Exhibition has been more or less discussed by the public since the
holding of the Provincial Fair of 1878 in Toronto, on the grounds now occupied
by the Industrial, and which were secured through the influence and exertions of
.a gentleman connected with this association and who also occupied the position of
Secretary of State. There is no doubt whatever that the Industrial Exhibition
received its first assistance from us and very speedily joined in the general clamor
to convince the public that our usefulness was gone.
The opinion expressed by the Globe newspaper in 1880 as to the several
propositions made in respect to the Provincial was generally approved of at that
time, and I think the arguments then advanced for its continuance have received
greater strength through the lapse of time. I may be permitted to quote what
was then said :
"As to the benefits conferred upon the people by the Provincial Exhibition
of the past there will only be one opinion, and that the most favorable. Every
person knows that our agriculture would not be standing in its present position
2.5
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). , A. 1890
had it not been for the Provincial. It follows, as a matter of course, that the
continuance of the Provincial in some shape or other is a thing heartily to be
desired, for no one will contend that we have arrived as yet at perfection.
" So far there will be pretty unanimous agreement, but views begin to differ
as soon as the subject of the future is broached. Some would let things run on
in their present shape; some would have the Exhibition held less frequently;
some would abolish the peripatetic feature and localize the Exhibition perma-
nently at the most convenient point ; some would abolish the Provincial
altogether, and would substitute a Government grant to each of the five or six
principal shows, and some would abolish the whole thing without any conditions
at all.
" There is a conclusive objection to each of these plans. Things cannot be
allowed to run in their present shape, for it is useless to blink at the fact that
there is considerable dissatisfaction prevalent in the country. To hold the
Exhibition less frequently is not a practicable idea, as the Exhibition cannot be
held without buildings, and buildings suffer when not used. It is useless to be
proposing the abolition of the peripatetic feature, because the remainder of the
Province would not permit the localization of the Exhibition in any one place ;
and, as the Glohe has always contended, permanent location would be to the
advantage neither of the Exhibition nor of the place in which it was held. Nor
would it be the proper thing to propose the abolition of the Provincial and to
institute a series of Government grants to the places where the Provincial is now
held, as it would merely open the gate for eternal squabbles and struggles in
order to secure recognition or additional aid for this, that and the other place.
In fact, unless the Government were prepared to aid every exhibition which was
established, it would be making a false blunder to aid any one further than all
exhibitions are now aided incidentally by the reception of township or electoral
division grants."
No one, I think, not even the Glohe itself, which has lately joined in the hue
and cry against the Provincial, will gainsay or successfully controvert the
aro-uments which it then used against the abolition of the Provincial, but, on the
contrary, time has developed the fact that its continuance has contributed more
than anything else to the successful development of the great natural resources
of the agricultural and mechanical interests of this Province.
We can have no better evidence of the hostility of these local or central
exhibitions towards this Association than the fact that the directors of the
Ottawa Agricultural Society have selected the same days for the holding of their
exhibition. It cannot possibly be urged by the directors of that society that the
time was selected inadvertently, for it was well known at the time of their fixing
the date that we have publicly announced that we intended to hold the Exhibi-
tion at this time, and, even if their directors had not been made aware of the
fact, it would not have been out of place to have chosen a day later in the month.
The directors of that society are well aware of the fact that a great many
exhibitors, particularly of live stock, both in the east and west, would like to
attend both exhibitions, but their action has rendered it impossible, and the only
possible result must be an injury to both.
If any portion of Ontario more than another is indebted to the Provincial
for the position which it occupies to-day it is the City of Ottawa and surrounding
country — a fact which has been repeatedly testified to by the prominent agricultur-
ists from that portion of Ontario at our annual meetings. It will be fresh in the
recollection of the directors and delegates of this Association what efforts were
Id
63 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
put forth by the people of the Ottawa Valley to induce the delegates at several
meetings to select Ottawa as the place for holding the Exhibition, and the diffi-
culty with which the delegates were induced to meet their demands, chiefly on
the grounds that that section of Ontario could not contribute sufficient exhibits
towards the Exhibition, and that exhibitors from other sections would consider
the distance too great to enter for competition, and for the additional reason that
the Exhibition could only be held at a great pecuniary loss — a fact which has
been more than amply verified.
It could, therefore, have been hardly expected that the gentlemen who
control that society would have taken such effi3ctive steps towards the destruction
of an institution to which they are so much indebted.
Looking at the very large sums which have been expended by this Associ-
ation in the several cities in which Exhibitions have been held in not only
assisting them in furnishing the necessary accommodation, but also to enable
them to erect permanent and substantial buildings which would be available to
us whenever we again visited them, it is difficult to understand why they should
now close their doors against us and deliberately join hands to effect the destruc-
tion of an institution which everybody acknowledges has not only been of
an incalculable benefit to them, but has been the pioneer in the development of
the several industries of the Province.
In view of the exaggerated statements made by those who have been
seeking to supplant us of the unnecessary cost of holding these annual shows, it
may be as well to let the public, which has been carried away with the idea that
we have uselessly squandered their money, know to what extent we have aided
the several cities in order to place them in a position to hold the Provincial. We
have loaned from time to time to the Cities of Kingston, London, Hamilton and
Toronto upwards of $15,000 to enable them to erect buildings of a substantial
and permanent character, and we have expended at the different Exhibitions held
in the Cities of London, Kingston, Toronto, Hamilton, Guelph, Ottawa upwards-
of $50,000 on their buildings and grounds in order to afford the necessary
accommodation for the holding of shows, all of which expenditure has been of a
permanent cliaracter, and of which they are now availing themselves in their
central or local shows. The board has on many occasions yielded to the demands
made by some of these cities when they were really and in fact pledged to
furnish all the accommodation required rather than have any ill-feeling, or be the
means of in any way marring or injuring the shows. In the year 1878 we
advanced no less a sum than $4,000 to the City of Toronto, which was expended
on the present Exhibition Buildings, upon the understanding and express condi-
tion that we should occupy them every four years, or whenever the Association
felt it to be in its interest to hold the Exhibition in that city.
In addition to the amounts above referred to as having been expended upon
buildings, grounds and permanent improvements which are now being utilized by
rival shows, we have expended during the last twenty years, as will be seen by
reference to the Auditors' reports, upwards of $50,000 for the following, viz. : —
Veterinary College, the Veterinary Department of Agricultural College, Guelph,
the Entomological Society, ploughing matches, fat stock shows, implement com-
petitions, prize farms, prize essays, herd books and vaiious other things immedi-
ately connected with the object of this Association, to all of which expenditure
no exception has been taken by any of the delegates attending the annual
meetings, who were always made acquainted with the details of such expenditure
All this has been kept in the back-ground in discussing and enlarging upon
27
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8) A. 1S90
the extravagance of the Board of Directors, and has been made to do good duty
in raising a popular cry against our usefuhiess.
An impression seems to prevail among many throughout the Province that
the Lsgislature has annually voted $10,000 for the purpose of aiding this Associ-
ation in holding an exhibition, and I regret to say that there seems to be a
disposition among many who are opp;)sed to the Provincial to keep the people
ignorant of the true facts in connection with the annual grant. The Legislature
has voted for many years the sum of $10,000 to the Agricultural and Arts
Association, not specially for exhibition purposes, but to enable it to discharge
the functions and duties originally undertaken by it, as well as for the objects
mentioned in the Act relatinof to Acjriculture.
Tp to a very few years ago no portion of this fund was applied to exhibition
purposes, because they were self-sustaining, but inasmuch as the Act required
that an exhibition should be annually held, a portion of the grant has been
applied, when necessary, to make up any deliciency in the receipts in order to
pay exhibitors and the necessary expenses. Last year for the first time, in view
of the clamor against the Provincial, a detailed statement or estimate of expendi-
ture for 1889 was presented to Parliament in the application for the usual grant
— a reference to which will show that only $4,000 was asked for — for the purpose
of defraying the expenses of the Exhibition, while the larger amount was
required for other purpases, to which I shall hereafter refer, and which no [)erson
connected with agriculture will say will be uselessly squandered.
In consequence of the feeling which had been worked up in quarters from
which we had no right to expect any, and so much influence having been, brought
to bear upon the representatives of the people in the Local Parliament hy those
cities which have openly declared their hostilit}' to and determination to crush
out the Provincial, that the Directors of the Association deemed it prudent to
notify the Government that an annual exhibition would not be held in the future
unless there was some very strong expression of opinion on the part of those
interested in their continuance.
While taking that course in deference to public sentiment as expressed through
the representatives of the people, we still are of the opinion that not only is the
usefulness of the Association apparent, but we do not hesitate to say that public
opinion will be strongly expressed before very long in favor of a continuance of
those shows, the success of which depend, not upon the financial results, but upon
the encouragement they afford to those whose primary object is the advancement
of practical agriculture.
The best illustration of the popularity of the Provincial is the magnificent
display which we have had the pleasure of witnessing this year. Notwithstand-
ing the fact that we are surrounded by exhibitions such as Ottawa, Toronto,
Brantford, Buffalo, etc., which are at this time in active operation, and which
must necessarily draw heavily upon the exhibitors who usually attend the
Provincial, so great is the interest manifested by those connected with the agricul-
tural and manufacturing interests of this Province that the exhibits in all the
departments compare most favorably with those of ])revious years.
In the department of agricultural implements and machinery we have more
than the usual display, and, comparing it with those of previous years, we cannot
fail to observe the wonderful improvements which have taken place in all labor-
saving machinery; and, what the farmers are most particularly interested in, is
the improvement in the character and description of the implement and the very
great reduction in the price.
28
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
Competition has become so great in the manufacture of all branches of
agricultural implements that prices are such as to enable the small as "svell as tho
large farmer to take advantage of the benefits accruing to him by the introduc-
tion of these labor-saving machines.
In the live stock department we have an exhibit w^hich, in quality, is equal
to that shown at any previous Exhibitic/U, and in many classes the display is far
in advance of that of any former year. It is very gratifying to notice the very
great interest the farmers are taking in the improvement of stock, and instead of
the competition being now contined, as in years <iOne by, to a few breeders, we
find that there are hundreds of farmers throughout entering the field of compe-
tition in every class of live stock.
In the dairy department, which has of late years attracted so much attention
as reprei-enting one of the greatest industries of the country, we have a display
which would do credit to any country. Not only in the quality and quantity of
the articles exhibited but in the appliances for the manufacture of butter and
cheese the exhibit bears favorable compaiison with other years, and affords
conclusive evidence that this industry has taken a permanent hold upon the
agriculturists of Ontario.
In the fruit department, although the season has been exceptionally unfavor-
able, the specimens exhibited afi'ord abundant proof of the growing interest taken
in this industry. Of late years farmers have seen the advantage of planting
orchards and generally cultivating fruit, which yields a profitable return at a
most convenient season of the year, when it is not desirable to realize from the
sale of grain and other crops.
The interesting and instructing exhibit of the ^Agricultural College, which
affords a practical illustration of the great benefits conferred upon the people of
the Province by that institution, is well worthy of an inspection. Almost every
variety of wheat, oats and other grain which can be produced in Ontario with
profit to the farmers is on exhibition.
The Manitoba exhibit also is well worthy of a careful inspection by fhos©
who have taith in the future possibilities of that great country.
Whether public opinion will or will not condemn in the future the holding
of an annual exhibition, and decide that our usefulness in that direction is gone,
we shall receive ciedit for turning our attention to the encouragement of other
matters which have resulted to the benefit of not only the agriculturists and
manufacturers but to other industries which have largely tended to the develop-
ment of the material resources of the Dominion.
Having been intimately connected with this Association as a Director for
upwards of a quarter of a century, and having had an opportunity of witnessing
the disinterested efforts of the many distinguished gentlemen who have beeji
identified with its operations, I am, I think, in a position to speak somewhat
authoritatively of what has been accomplished and of the many benefits which
have been conferred upon the people of this Province through the active and
energetic exertions of gentlemen whose lives were specially devoted to the
promotion of the agricultural interests of this country.
Knowing as I do how scrupulously particular the diiectors have always
been to econimize the funds entrusted to their care by Parliament, and that they
always have had a due regard to the objects for which the same was appropriated,
it has been a matter of deep regret that this Institution should have been
publickly assailed by some of the representatives of the people for its alleged
29
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
extravagance. Fortunately it has for the last few years had a zealous and able
advocate, in the person of the present Minister of Agriculture, who has courage-
ously defended its position in Parliament, and who has to a large extent satisfied
at least the farming community, that the charges of its want of usefulness, have
emanated not from patriotic but selfish motives.
It may be just as well to bring under the notice of those who are actuated
^by no other ambition than the destruction of this Association, a few of the very
many subjects to which we have specially directed the agriculturists of this
Province, and which will bear ample testimony to the interest which the Direc-
tors have taken in discharging those duties which vrere voluntarily undertaken
\by them, when this organization first received the sanction of the Legislature.
We can take credit to ourselves for having so educated the farmer as to
demand the establishment of an Agricuitural College, at which our farmers' sons
can lay the foundation of a practical as well as a scientific knowledge of farming.
Of the advantages and benefits conferred upon the youth of our country by this
institution, it is not necessary to speak. Its pupularity and usefulness are already
established. Under the able management of Prof. Mills and his efficient staff,
the College is steadily growing in public favor, and is destined to rank among the
first of those institutions, which on this continent ha^'e been speciall}^ devoted to
the promotion of agriculture. It has done much to jjopularize the profession of
farming among the youth of this country, who are beginning to see that their
occupation is just as respectable and honorable as any other calling. It is teaching
the farmer to understand that a thorough practical education is necessary to
enable him to reap the full benefit of the many experiments constantly being-
made to increase the productiveness of the soil by improved culture, and to carry
them forward to profitable results. It is to be hoped that its usefulness now being
recognized, this Institution will be still be still further aided by the Legislature,
so that instead of each county being able to send only one student at a time, its
doors will be open to all who have adopted farming as their occupation, and who
are desirous of gaining that scientific and practical knowledge which is so essen-
tially necessary to success. We have seen grow up under our fostering care, a
Veterinary College, the success of which, under professors of recognized ability,
has been somewhat marvellous, and we have the satisfaction of knowing tliat the
graduates of that institution who hold diplomas from this Council, have taken a
front rank in the practice of this most important profession. It is true that large
sums of money have been expended by this Board out of the annual grant, yet
it has been considered to be a wise and judicious expenditure. In the year 1870,
this Council recognizing the important bearing which entomology had on agricul-
ture, appropriated the sum of $400 in aid of the Entomological Society, which
although in its infancy, had demonstrated the fact that there is nothing in which
the farmer is mere interested than to have a thorough knowledge of the habits
and operations of all insects beneficial or injurious to agriculture. By the small
encoui-agement thus afforded to that Society, it has taken a prominent position
both in this and in foreign countries, and to-day is one of the recognized author-
ities on insects injurious to the various field crops and fruit, as well as on the
remedies which have been suggested for their destruction.
We have instituted and conducted ploughing matches in different parts of
this Pi'ovince, which have been productive of the very best results.
A very considerable sum" of money has for several years been expended in
the holding of Fat Stock Shows, in the City of Toronto and elsewhere, and
although in no respect remunerative from a financial point of view, yet the other
.sueces.sful results have more than compensated us.
30
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
It is known to every one connected with stock raising, that we have estab-
lished an official record of the pedigree of various breeds of live-stock, and have
yearly published an official record at a very great expense. That this will ulti-
mately be no burden upon the Association there is very little doubt, if we can
Judge by the interest taken by all breeders to secure an entry of their stock in the
official registers.
Prizes have also been offered for essays on various subjects connected with
agriculture, and it is gratifying to know that a very great interest has been taken in
the competition, principally by young men who have selected farming as their
prefession.
Special attention has been given to the dairy interest, which as you are well
aware has grown to enormous proportions, and to-day is oue of the most important
4ind extensive industries of the Dominion. I need only refer to the fact that in
I8o9 Ontario and Quebec exported of cheese the insignilicent quantity of 446,260
lbs., while in 1887 the quantity reached the enormous amount of 70,888,232 lbs.
■of cheese.
It is satisfactory to be able to state that the cheese produced in Canada has
already attained the very highest position in Britain, not only for its flavor, but
specially for its keeping qualities.
^ Among the numerous subjects to which this Association has since 1880
specially directed its attention is that of prize farm competition, following largely
the example set by the Royal Society of England, which has for many years
devoted itself to that subject. Competitions of this character have become
exceeding popular with farmers, and from the experience of the past few years,
during which prizes have been offered, we have before us abundant evidence of
the wonderful improvement in the cultivation and management of a very large
number of the farms in Ontario, as well as a general improvement in all agricul-
ture, as a result of the encouragement to exertion furnished by the possibility of
securing a medal or prize offered by this Association.
It is all important that we should devise some plan which will permit the
ordinary farmer who owns his farm and stock, and who makes his living there-
from and from no other source, to compete for prizes, and not offer prizes which
will only induce a comparatively few rich farmers to spend a large amount
of money in unremunerative work, in order that their farms shall present a good
appearance. If these prizes are to be continually awarded to farmers who
obtained their results by large expenditures of money, a very great amount of
damage will be done to agriculture, by offering inducements to other farmers to
spend their money in an unprofitable manner. There can be no question that the
farmer who brings his farm into the best possible condition by the smallest expendi-
ture of money and labor, has done the most for his country, and is the most
worthy of being awarded a prize.
We have been so far exceedingly fortunate in selecting judges of very great
practical experience, who have had both the time and means at their disposal to
inspect the farms entered for competition, but if these competitions are to be
continued, and the number of entries are increased, I am afraid we shall have
great difficulty in inducing competent judges to act, who must necessarily con-
sume a considerable amount of their valuable tima, at a season of the year when
they can least afford to do so.
Up to the present time the Association has been compelled to confine within a
.small limit the number of farms to be inspected in each year, but if the benefitii
31
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1
and advantages to the farming community from these competitions are to be
realized, it will be necessary to adopt some plan whereby a larger number of
competitors may enter the held, and the area over which they extend be con-
siderably increased.
There is no doubt that every county in the Province will have farmers eager
to enter the field of competition year after year, and in order to give them an
opportunity to do so, it will be necessary to adopt some plan by means of which
the farms entered for competition in each county shall be fully examined by
competent judges, who shall select one or more farms to enter into competition;
for the prizes offered by this Association. If this plan could be successfully
carried out, the number of competitors would be largely increased, and the suc-
cessful ones would have just reason to be proud of their success, while at the
same time the labor thrown upon the judges selected by our Association, would
be comparatively light.
There are many other subjects intimately connected with agriculture to which
we hive directed our attention, and in the development of which we have expended
very large sums of money, but it is useless, in the presence of gentlemen who
have long taken an interest in this Association and who have watched its extra-
ordinary progress, to refer to them, as they are too well known.
Whatever the Directors may decide in the future to do, either as to the con-
tinuance of these exhibitions on the same lines as heretofore or in the direction
of making them purely agricultural, the public may rely on it that nothing will
be done which will not be entirely in the interests of those industries which are
essential to the prosperity of this country.
The Directors of this Association will, so long as they are entrusted with its.
management, endeavor to keep pace with the rapid development of this Pro-
vince, and will from time to time make such suggestions to those who have
adopted farming as their occupation as will popularize and render profitable the-
cultivation of the soil.
Our actions in the future, as they have been in the past, will be open to-
criticism, but we confidently appeal not only to those who have always shown a
friendly feeling towards this Association, but also to those who have made up
their minds that our usefulness is gone to remember that we have no personal
interest to serve, and that the duties imposed upon us, although voluntarily under-
taken, are of a very onerous character, and such as to involve much sacrifice of
time.
One of the greatest difficulties which we have experienced is the appointment
of judges, and although we have adopted almost every system, yet dissatisfaction
has yearly prevailed in some of the departments. When the selection was left to
the county societies very often gentlemen were named not so much on account of
their fitness for tlie particular classes for which nominations were asked, but
because they intended to be present at the exhibitions, and as a consequence, on
very many occasions, their judgment was very severely criticized, and often
appealed against. These appeals have always been unpleasant to the Board,
because, as a rule, the decision of the judges on a question of opinion or judgment
must be sustained, and only reversed in the case of a deviation from the rules, or
in a very flagrant case of misjudgment. The same difficulties have also arisen
when the judges have been selected by the members of the Board who are sup-
posed to be acquainted with gentlemen in their respective districts who possessed
the qualifications necessary for the particular class to which they were chosen.
In the judgment on live-stock, and more especially in the thoroughbred
32
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 181jO
classes, judges have sometimes been selected who favoured a particular family or
pedigree of thoroughbred cattle, and who allowed their judgment to be warped
towards that class, and overlooked points in other animals which, in tlie estima-
tion of many exhibitors, resulted in an improper judgment. It has seldom, how-
ever, occurred that the judgment of the judges have been challenged on account
of a wilful intention on their part to favor any particular exhibitor. It has been
suggested, and is well worthy of consideration, in the event of other exhibitions
being held, that in all the classes one judge should be selected who is known to
possess all of the qualifications necessary to form a correct judgment on the merits
of the animals as exhibited.
Some societies have adopted this plan, but it remains to be seen whether or
not decisions will give satisfaction. Experience has shown us that no matter
what course may be adopted in the selection of judges by any society, dissatisfac-
tion will exist among disappointed exhibitors, who in many cases allow their
selHsh feelings to get the better of their good judgment, and take the opportunity
to tind fault with the management of the society.
I very much regret that I have detained you so long in delivering this
address, but a sense of duty compelled me to draw your attention, and through
you, that of the public, to what I have considered the unfair treatment to which
this Association has been subjected at the hands of those who, in my humble
judgment, will before very long arrive at the conclusion that it has been and is-
doing a noble work, and that it is in the interest of the farming community that
these annual exhibitions should be continued.
Moved by N. Awrey, M.P.P., seconded by A. Rawlings, That a vote of thanks
be given to J. C. Rykert, M.P., President, for his very able and historical address.
The Secretary put the motion, which was carried.
Mr. Rykert acknowledged the courtesy in a few words.
PRIZE ESSAYS.
The Secretary then read the decision of the judges on essays, as follows : —
To the Gouncil of the Agriculture and Arts Association of Ontario :
Gentlemen, — Upon the essays submitted for the Association prizes on " The
advantages of Rotation of Crops as compared with the evil of Over Cropping," I
have the honor to report that I have carefully read the same, and recommend
for first prize the paper signed M. S. Schell, Woodstock ; second to F. J. Sleight-
holm, Humber, Peel Co., Ont.
John I. Hobson,
Mosboroufih.
" The Cultivation of Green Crops for Soiling and Ensilage, and their value in
Farm Operations."
1st prize, G. A. Landman, Binbrook . . $30 00
2nd " C. R. Notmans, Wiartou 20 00
To H. Wade,
Secretary.
Prizes awarded as above. A. Blue,
Examiner.
3 (A. A.) 33
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
EXAMIMATIONS IN AGRICULTURE.
GuELPH, August, 1889.
Report of Agriculture and Arts Examinations held July, 1889.
Third Class {2 jpa'pers).
W. H. Harrison, Virgil Certificate.
Second Class {3 papers).
Ca,niidates that have- attended Ontario Agrieioltivral College.
1st prize, C. A. Zavitz, Guelph $25 00
2nd " Geo. A. Bndie, Bethesda 20 00
3rd " J. Ray nor. Rone Hall 15 00
4th " H. H. Dean, Harley Certificate.
5th " J. J. Fee, Toronto Certificate.
Candidates not attending Agricultural College.
1st prize, A. E. Meyer, Kossuth $25 00
The above is the correct result of the papers sent in by above candidates.
C. C. James,
Examiner,
Guelph.
To H. Wade,
Secretary Agriculture and Arts Association.
PRIZE FARMS.
Guelph, September, 1889.
To the Council of the Agriculture and Arts Association of Ontario :
Gentlemen. — We recommend that the following prizes be awarded for the
best managed farms entered lor competition in that section of Group No. 3, com-
prising the Counties of Bruce and Giey :
Andrew Waechter, South Bruce, Lot 1 and 2, Con. 1, Township of
Brant, Walkerton Post Ofiice Gold Medal.
Wm. E'^plin, JNoith Bruce, Township of Arran, Burgoyne Post
Office Silver Medal
John Duncan, jNorth Grey, Lot 2, Con. 8, Township of Derby,
Klisyth Post Office Silver Medal.
George B. Bristow, East Grey, Lot 36, Con. 12, Township of Osprey,
Rob Roy Post Office . ." Silver Medal.
John I. Hobson, ) t i
,,T T^ r Judg
Wm. Donaldson, j ^
34
es.
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
Report of the Judges on Prize Farms' for 1889.
To the CouncU of the Agriculture and Arts Association of Ontario :
Gentlemen. — Having been appointed judges of the southern portion of
Group No. 3, in the prize farm competition, we have much pleasure in handing in
our awards. The number of farms entered for competition in our portion of the
group was unusually large, being twenty-four in number, from which we would
infer that the township medals which have this year for the first time been
awarded, have been appreciated by the farming community.
Should the Council be disposed to continue these township medals in future
years, your judges would re.spectfully suggest that these medals should be
awarded to the best farm in each township if the judges shall consider such farm
worthy of such a medal, even if a gold or silver medal be awarded in the same
riding, and not confined, as at present, to townships where three farms are
•entered.
In the Township of Hibbert (South Perth), the competition between Mr,
Peter Campbell and Mr. Wm. Kerslake is so close that we would recommend
that an equal bronze medal be awarded to each. Again, in the Township of
Puslinch, Mr. W. Sorby, and in the Township of Guelph (South Wellington), Mr.
Wright, are both well worthy of bronze medals.
While in the Tovvnship of Hullett (Huron West), Mr. Robt. Armstrono- for
Tiis euterprize and good management is also well deserving of a bronze medal,
.although he is the sole competitor in that township, and we would recommend
that a bronze medal be awarded to him.
The following is the list of the entries together wdth our awards :
John B. Freeman, ] ^ ,
Francis Green, Jr., j ^^^^S^^-
List of Entries and Awards.
^erth (South)— Hihbert :
John Hodgson, Lot 4, Con. 4.
Peter Campbell, Lot 21 and East half 22, Con. 10, Cromarty Post
Office Equal, Bronze Medal.
Wm.l^Kerslake, Lot 23 and West half 22, Con. 10, Cromarty Post
Office Equal, Bronze Medal.
Perth (North) — North East Hope :
George '^ Hyde, Lot 19 and 20, Con. 2, Shakespeare Post
Office Silver Medal.
Mornington :
Thomas Hall, Millbank.
John Riddell, Milverton Bronze MedaL
Thos. E. Gibson, Milverton.
Cijas. Walker. Poole.
35
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
Wellington {South) — Puslinch :
"Walter Sorby, Lots 9 and 10, Con. 5.
Guelph :
Jas. G. Wright, Lots 9 and 10, Con. 2.
Robert Shortreed, Lots 1, 2, 3 and 4, Con. 4 Equal, Gold Medal
Wellington {Centre) — Pilkington :
Thomas Pritchard, Lot 2, Con. A.
Israel GrofF, Lots 4 and 5, Con. 4 Bronze Medal
James Hunter, Lots 3, 4 and 5, Con. 3.
Nichol :
John Metcalfe, Lot 3, Con. 9.
Peter Eennie, Lots 13 and 14, Con. 1 Silver Medal
East Luther :
Edward Holborne, Lot North half 22, Con. 11.
Samuel Graham, Lot 29, Con. 2 Bronze Medal
James Reith, Lot 31, Con. 4.
Huron (West) — Colborne :
Isaac Fisher, Lot 6, Con. 2 Silver Medal
John Kernighan, Lot 13, Con. 2.
Thomas Burns, Lot 6, Con. 7.
Ashfield :
Thomas Harris, Lots 7 and 8, Con. 4.
Hullett :
Robert Armstrong, Lot 1, Con. 7.
Supplementary Repoet of the Judges in the matter of Awarding the Gold
Medal for the best managed farm in Group No. 3.
Your judges beg leave to report that, very carefully inspected and considered
the merits of the best farm in each sub-division of the group, and after long and
full discussion failed to agree. We therefore, under the circumstances, would
recommend that they be marked as equal, and that a gold medal be awarded to
Andrew Waechter, of the Township of Brant, in the County of Bruce, and to
Robert Shortreed, of the Township of Guelph, in the County of Wellington.
John I. Hobson,
John B. Freeman, f j ,
Francis Green, Jr., ^ ^J^cisres.
Wm. Donaldson,
36
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers. (No. 8) A. 1890
After the results of the diflferent prizes was announced, a discussim com-
menced about the advisability of continuino- the Provincial Exhibition which
resulted in the following resolution.
Moved by C. Barker, Paris, seconded by J. Foott, Port Hope, Resolved that
this meeting of delegates desires to again place on record its opinion, that the
holding of an annual fair under the auspices of the Agriculture and Arts
Association has been of incalculable benelit to the farmers of this Province, and
that it would be unwise and inexpedient to discontinue the same. — Carried.
Mr. Foott in seconding the motion expressed himself at some length as to
the benefits that had been derived from this, the farmer's show, and thought it
would be a great loss to the community if it was not continued.
N. Awrey, M.P.P., said that he would support the continuation of a purely
aofricultural show.
A. Rawlings, Foiest, also spoke in favor of continuing the Exhibition as it
only cost the Province about four thousand dollars for each, which amount was
well distributed throughout the Province.
Mr. Healey, of Strathroy, thought it was time the Provincial was-
diseontinued.
Mr. Fitch, of Oriel, said he would be sorry to have it done away with.
W. F. Clarke, Esq., spoke for some time in favor of continuing, as did John
I. Hobson, of Mosborough.
A. Johnston, of Greenwood, was not in favor of its continuance.
Mr. Eykert then made a few remarks, and the vote was taken, and the
motion was carried by a large majority, only six present voting against it.
The meeting then adjourned.
H. WADE,
Secretary.
37
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No 8). A. 1890
PRIZE ESSAYS.
ESSAY ON THE CULTIVATION OF GREEN CROPS FOR SOILING
AND ENSILAGE AND THEIR VALUE IN FARM OPERATIONS.
By S. a. Landman, Binbrook.
To luhicli was awarded First Prize.
To the Council of the Agriculture and Arts Association of Ontario :
Gentlemen, — No question relating to the subject of agriculture is at present-
claiming so much attention as that of the cultivation of green crops. It is the
burning question of the day. Throughout Canada and the United States as well
as ill the Old World the advisability of growing more green en ps is being
discussed, and the conclusion almost invariably arrived at is in favor of the
system. Whether for soiling or for ensilage the opinion is the same, that we
must cultivate these crops if we wish to compete in the markets. Canadian beef
and dairy products are much prized abroad, and unless we can keep up our high
standard, and at the same time decrease the cost of production, it will be usele.'^S'
to try to make these great industries profitable, and if these go what have we ta
fall back upon ? The North- West has supplanted us in tbe production of grain,,
and all that remains for us to do is to make the nrost out of our stock. Our
export trade in animals and other products amounted in 1887 to §24,246 937, and
since that has been steadily on the increase. We dare not allow this trade to
decrease and we must exert ourselves in order to maintain our present standing.
The competition is keen, the prices low, and all that will save us is cheaper
production.
Farming is a complicated cycle of dependencies. The farmer depends upon
his crops, the crops upon the fertility of the soil, the fertility of the soil upon the
maniire, the manure upon the stock, and the stock upon the care of the farmer.
Thus a chain is formed that binds all together. A chain that runs the machinery
of the farm. If one link be weak there is dano-er of the chain breakinf^ and if
the chain break the machinery will stop or run without accomplishing its object.
It requires skill to run a farm, and ujany there are who by bitter experience
have found this to be true.
Soiling and ensiling practicall}^ mean the same thing. One means feeding
green crops in the winter, and the other means feeding them in the summer.
Had we no winter we would have no need for silos or en.silage. Crops suitable
for soiling or ensiling are numerous, but perhaps the most valuable arp : Rye,
Lucerne, orchard grass and clover, Timothy and Alsike, oats and pease,
Hungarian grass, Indiccn corn and cdso vetches.
These crops taken somewhat in the order mentioned make a qood coui'se for
soiling during the summer as they eome in one after another. Any portion that
39
53 Victoria. Sessional Paper3 (No. 8). A. 1890
is not required during the summer may either be ]jut into the silo or cured for
winter food. Ahnost all these plants make rich food for winter.
Rye, if sown early in the fall, thickly and on well prepared land will, if the
season be favorable, grow very fast, and may be pastured by the lambs or sheep
in the tall though it is not advisable to pasture it too closely. It grows very
rapidly in the spj-ing and will be ready for cutting sooner than any other crop.
Alter it has been cut the ground may be plowed up again for another crop, or as
the rye shoots up again very rapidly after being cut, it may be left for a second
crop though likely to be rather short and light. Rye ranks pretty high in
feedinof value, but umst be cut before it c^ets too rank, otherwise the stock will
not relish it. It is about on a par with timothy though perhaps not so rich ni
fatty sulistances and somewhat richer in albuminoids. As this is the first soiling
crop of the season care must be taken not to feed too much of it at once on the
^tart, or it will be likely to cause scouring. One feed a day will be sufficient for
£b few days till the stock gets used to it. It is well to feed a little bran or chop
with it, in fact neither green food nor ensilage should be fed without something
moi'e concentrated in connection with it. The green foods contain about
seventy-live per cent, water, and they will not give the most satisfactory results
when fed alone.
By the time the rye is gone the Lucerne will be ready for use. This clover
has proved to be very valuable as a soiling crop, being richer in nitrogen than
red clover and producing more milk. It makes good hay. It may be cut t'lree
times in one season producing a heavy crop each time, if sown on a deep rich soil.
It must be cut before it is much out in flower, otherwise the stems will be found
to contain a large percentage of indigestible woody-fibre. In no other plant does
the amount of wood-fibre seem to increase so rapidly after the plant has begun to
blossom. Lucerne to give the best results must be sown alone, as another crop
easily chokes it out wdien it is small. It requires a deep, rich and finely
pulverized soil. It will produce a fair crop the first season, but does not reach
its best till the third year.
Following this would come a mixture of orchard grass and red clover, and
after this a mixture of timothy and alsike, all of which are too well known to
require any extended notice here.
Then comes oats and pease, which have been sown together in the proportion
of two parts of oats to three of pease. In order to produce the best results tliis
crop must be sown very thickly, not less than three bushels per acre, four being
better. These plants are both rich in nitrogenous food, but the pease are somewhat
dehcient in fat and in starch which is fully made up however by the oats. This
makes a grand food. It is sometimes cut when in blossom, but it should be left
till out of the blossom or it will be almost certain to cause scouring. It will
yield a very heavy crop and makes good food for winter when it has been
properly cured.
Hungarian grass is a crop that is not cultivated as much as it ought to be.
One reason it is not grown more extensively is on account of many people having
allowed it to get nearly ripe before cutting. The seed being then formed makes
it a very rich and strong food so that it has often caused serious injury to horses
that have been fed too much of it. If, however, it is cut before the seed forms
there will be no danger in feeding it. It should be sown pretty thickly so that
it will not grow too coarse, and it must not be sown till the ground is thoroughly
warm. If sown on cold, wet land the seed will not germinate, or if the ground
is rough or hard good results cannot be expected. Once get it started and it
will produce an abundant crop.
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53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
Corn is the cjreat ensilag;e crop, chiefly because such heavy crops of it can
be grown. Other crops may be ensiled but corn is the staple. Most growers
chiini that with proper cultivation twenty tons can easily be grown per acre.
It may also be used as a soiling crop, but like all other coarse bulky foods should
not be fed alone.
For corn the ground should be heavily manured, and it is better if plowed
deeply in the fall previous to planting. Then in the spring only surface tilling
will be required. Corn cannot endure cold or wet, and therefore the land is
better to be well underdrained. If sown early it is better sown shallow as it
will be warmer near the surface, but if sown later it may be sown deeper so as
to get more moisture. Experiment has proven that it is better sown in drills
about 3 feet 6 inches apart so that it can be cultivated. No other crop will pay
tso well for tliorough cultivation as corn. It may be harrowed with a light pair
of harrows as soon as it is up and again before it is six inches high. Very little
of the corn Mdll be broken off. Then it requires to be well cultivated between
the drills till out in tassel. As the corn grows the cultivation should become
shallower so as not to disturb the roots. When the grain is in the milk stage it
is ready for cutting.
Vetches make a very good food for late in the season and it is somewhat
■strange that they are not grown more extensively in Ontaiio. It is a rich
food, about equal in feeding value to the pea and produces abundant crops.
Several crops may be cut in a season.
In the fall after the soiling season is over care must be taken in making the
<:diange to dry food. Those who have silos will find no difficulty, as the ensilage
will take the place of the soiling crops. It is a change of food however, and it is
well to be careful. Those who have no ensilage will find it a good plan to feed
& few roots and some early cut hay for a week or two till the animals get used to
the change.
In the cultivation of these crops three things must be kept in mind, viz. : —
1st. The soil must be kept well manured else failure will be the result.
2nd. The ground must be well cultivated so as to make it more capable
of absorbing and retaining moisture. The stirring will also allow a large portion
of it to be in contact with the air which will be of great service in making it
friable and in rendering the dormant food active.
3rd. All weeds must be kept down, and for this soiling offers peculiar
advantages.
So much for cultivation, now for the more important part of the paper-
namely, that relating to the value of soiling crops and ensilage in farm
-operations.
The advantages of soiling are many, but the more important are as
follows :—
1. Double the amount of food can be obtained from the land. It has been
proved that one acre of Ian I used for soiling will produce the same result as three
acres pastured. In these days this is quite an item, for the age of playingat
farming is gone and we must make the most off our land. This saving of food
shouldln itself be a strong argument in favor -of the soiling system. Anyone
•can easily see that a great deal of food must be wasted in pasturing.
2. Not only is a larger percentage of the food made use of but what is made
iuse of does more good to the animal. Through July and August the climate of
41
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
Ontario is almost invariably very hot and dry, so that the pastures become very
much scorched and the food almost useless. The stock then has to put forth
increased efforts in order to get sufficient to eat. They wander about from place
to place, using up most of the food they have eaten in keeping up the waste of
muscle that occurs in hunting for food. Also in (]vy weather when the aniu:ials are
grazing they pull a good deal of the grass out by the routs. This is owing to the
peculiar way of biting the grass off. A cow has no upper teeth so she takes hold
of the grass and gives her head a quick push outward. This breaks off the grass-
but in many cases pulls it up by the roots. The horse does the same thing in the
same way except that he jerks his head towaixls his body breaking off the grass
with his upper teeth. In soiling all this is avoided. The cow lies quietly in the
stall or yard till the food is brought in to her, when she eats it and immediately
lies down again to ruminate and assimilate the food. She has no travelling or
hunting to do, and consequently the food all goes to form beef and milk. So
here again is a great saving of food, milk, and beef.
3. Ao-ain, in the heat of summer one of the chief causes of the stock losing
flesh is because they are pestered so with the flies. Now, in a cool stable they
are scarcely ever molestel by these vermin and hence the animal thrives a great
deal better. Any one who has tried to milk the cows on a hot sultry summer
eveninir will fully realize the etfoct of a fly-bite upon the animal, e^pecialy if the
cow in kicking at the fly puts her foot down into the pail of new milk, spoiling
both milk and pail, or if she persists in switching her tail into the face of the
impatient milker. Any one wlio has tried to .strike out a summer-fallow for
ridging-up will also appreciate to t"ho full the influence of the flies upon his
team, particularly so if the fallow be close to a public highway where all the
travelling public can see how .straight, or rather hjw crooked, his furrows are.
4. Ht at affects animals as much as it affects men. While the farmer i.'*
huntino- the shadv side of the house to rest in at noon the cattle are hunting the
shade trees, or are lying upon the highest hill-tops catching the breeze, or are
standing knee-deep in the stream, if they are fortunate enough to have a stream
in their |)asture. How much better would it be for the animals if resting' in the
stable with a trough of cool water before them and a manger full of fresh grass.
They could then keep cool and enjoy life. Green food has in itself a cooling
influence. It is more juicy and consequently cooler than the dried up pasture.
5. Cattle and horses, like ourselves, are inclined to be somewhat selfish, each
striving to get the best for himself. They chase each other from one place to
another and often are seriously injured in the contest. ' One is chased into the
fence, another is kicked, and another is hooked. The strongest gets the best and
the others are abused. In soiling all this is avoided. Each cow gets her share
and no more. There is no chasing and hooking. All is peace and quietness.
Then when the meal is over and they are let out in a 3'ard they will not be so
likely to chase each other, for who ever heard of an animal with a full stomach
being savage. The hog with a full .^tomach lies down quietly, and man is alway.s
in a better humor after a hearty meal. Theie is a great deal of resemblance
between man and the lower animals in this respect. Menenius when about to
ask a favor of Ooriolanus says to a friend : —
" The veins unfilled our blood is cold, and then
We pout upon the morning, are unapt
To give or to forgive ; but when we have stuffed
These pipes and thee conveyances of our blood
With wine and feeding, we have .-Jiijipler .soul.'?
Than in our i)riest-like fasts, therefore I'll watch him
Till he be dii ted to my requests,
And then I'll set upon him."
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53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
C). In spring time, when turning cattle out to pasture, they almost invariably
begin scouring, and for a time do not thrive well ; but in soiling this may be
easily prevented by beginning gradually to feed green food, and not allowing
them to gorge themselves witii a change of food. By feeding a little grain with
the green food the stock may be dieted almost in any way. As before stated, the
best results from pasturing can be had only when a little of some concentrated
food is also fed in connection with it, and the same is true of soiling. A small
allowance of grain will work wonders with almost any animal, as the green food
is too bulky unless sup[)leniented by some rich food.
7. In wet seasons cattle are very likel}^ to bloat, especially if pasturing in
clover ; and every year many valuable animals are in this way lost. Soiling
would also prevent this to a great extent, and, perhaps, altogether prevent loss in
this way. Accidents of other kinds are also less likely to ha[)pen.
8. When cows are kept in a stable or yard they are always ready to be
milked, and are handy by. There is no tramping to and from the pasture on a
hot evening, or through the wet grass on a rainy morning. There is no chasing
by the dogs required. Dogs, when used to drive cattle, are usually the cause of
more harm than they can possibly do good. The cows are, perhaps, chased againsb
the fence, or have their tails bitten off. They become so heated and excited thafc
there will be a skrinkage in the flow of milk.
9. Furthermore, rich succulent foods are very beneficial to breeding animala,
and ibr this reason alone, where a man has a large stock of breeding animals, it
would pay him to adopt the system. It has been noticed, and is a fact, that in a
season of heat and drought, it is very difficult to get animals to breed, but in
damp, cool seasons this difficulty is practically unknown. Now when a man has
a large stock of valuable breeding animals, it is a serious loss to him if he cannot
get them to breed. Soiling largely overcomes this difficulty. The animals aie
plentifully supplied with juicy food and with water, are kept cool, and it is seldom
this difficulty occurs.
10. Then in the fall, when a change of food must of necessity take place, the
soiling system offers peculiar advantages. A gradual change can again bo made
as in the spring, so that the animals will scarcely notice the change. Havim»
been used to the stable all summer, they will not have to become accustomed to
it or to a new mode of feeding. If ensilage has been mad? the soiling rations can
be replaced by ensilage, which answers the same purpose as the green food. The
animals will be in prime order for wintering, and will come out well in the spring,
11. There is another consideration about the feeding of green crops that must
not be overlooked ; it is the part played by the water contained in the green food.
The moisture in most green foods is usually not less than seventy-five per cent,
of the whole, and in many cases much more. It therefore requires a great deal
of the plant to give much solid food, hence the necessity of feeding scnne concen-
trated food with it. Of what \ise all this water is to the animal is not perfectly
understood, but one of its chief uses is to impart a pleasant flavor to the food,
and flavor is a great factor in the foods of animals as well as in our food. They
will eat it better, relish it more, and thrive better if the food be })leasant than if
it be distasteful to them.
12. Under a proper system of soiling the quantity and quality of milk would
be greatly improved. The cow would not require to roam about so much, and
consequently would keep in good order more easily, and more of the food could
be used in keeping up the flow of milk. The food being succulent would also
tend to increase the flow. The grass being sup[)lemented by some fatty food
43
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
could be made to produce still more. Then again, the animals could be kept
away from all weeds likely to taint the milk, and it would always be sweet ;ind
pure. The housewife would be able to make better butter, and hence command
a higher price for it.
lO. Another consideration not to be despised is that of fencing, and the fenc-
ing problem is all the time claiming more attention. As the forests disappear,
and the old rails drop to pieces, people are beginning to look around for a substi-
tute, and yet none has been found that can be put up Mdthout expense. If tlie
old method of pasturing be adhered to, the fences must be kept up, but under the
soiling system the fences can be done away with almost entirely. Supposing a
mau to own a hundred-acre farm containirg ten ten-acre fields or nearly so, allow-
ing a lane to run along the middle of the farm, lie would have to build and keep
in repair 1,280 rods of fencing, and the cost of building this would alone amount,
at SI per rod, to $1,280. Under the soiling system he could do away with nearly
all but the boundary fence, oi-, in other words, he could do without 720 rods of
fence costing him $720. He would not be troubled about breechy cattle and
horses. He would not need to get up at daylight in the morning to see that his
animals were in the right field.
14. Besides all this, the saving in manure would be so great as to astonish
any one who never practiced the system. Our fields requii-e manuie, they must
have it, and the more the bettei-. With the majority of farmers the season for
laying up a store of manure extends from the first of December till the first of
May, or a period of about five mt>nths, and too often v'hat has been gathered to-
gether during this time is allowed to waste before it gets back to the fields. Then
there are seven months during which no manure is saved at all. True a great
deal of it goes on to the fields, yet at a time when it does as much harm as good,
for falling upon the grass it destroys a portion of it, and for some distance around
the cattle will not eat what afterwards grows, so that much of the grass is wasted.
Then, too, when cows are driven to and from pasture a great deal of manure is
lost upon the road or in the lane. More is lost in this way than one would think,
especially" if the cows are allowed to lie any time after milking, and before being
driven away to pasture. Thus nearly lialf of the year's manure is literally
wasted, which ought not to be allowed. Soiling, if properly managed, saves all
the manure. The liquid part may be absorbed by the litter, or run into a tank,
whichever is handiest. It will, in most cases, be found to give the best results to
have it absorbed in the litter. It will, of course, take more bedding for the cattle,
yet it would more than pay for itself. It is estimated that the liquid manure
produced in one year by a span of horses and six cows would amount to about
forty tons, or 10,000 gallons. The solid matter of this is about three tons, and is
as valuable as guano, the money value of it bein.^i; about two hundred dollars,
which is surely worth saving. A great heap of excellent manure could thus be
made every > ear and applied to the fields and crops most needing it, and at the
time when it would do the most good. The farm would thus be 3'early increasing
in fertility and productiveness, and the herd might also be increased in size.
While dairying or raising of cattle for beef would not, in itself, increase the fer-
tility of the soil, unless part of the profits be spent in manures, yet soiling has
mighty advantages over pasturing as regards the manure heap.
15. In wet seasons a great deal of damage is dune, e-pecially on heavy clay
soils, by the stock tramping the fields when wet, thus making the land very hard
when it becomes dry. On light soils that have been newly seeded, the small
plants are often trodden out by the animals, or pulled out when gj-azing, and the
crop seriously injured. This also is prevented by soiling, as the stock is not
allowed on the fields.
44
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
16. Under this system the need of a summer fallow would, to a large extent,
be done away with. Owing to the increase in the amount of available manure,
the fields would not require a rest, and as the cultivation and cutting of the f-rops
would c'estroy all the weeds there would be no need of the fallow for that pur-
pose. Hence another crop could be grown every seven years, or in whatever time
the rotation be completed, and one-seventh more coul J be realized from the farm.
The ohjections to soiling are few. The cost of the extra labor required is the
first objection that presents itself, and we think that after having stated tne gaina
that are to be derived from
1. The saving of food ;
2. The saving of fences ;
3. The saving of manure;
4. Dispensing with fallow ;
5. The increased flow of milk ;
6. The general health and condition of the animal ;
the cost of the extra labor will be more than saved. The item of food, or of
fences, or of manure, would in itself pay all the extra labor required. The time
required in driving the cattle to and from pastui'e, to and from water, must also
be taken into account, so that in the end the cost of labor would be more than
paid for.
Another objection is that the animals have not exercise enough to keep them
in a healthy condition. This may be true to a certain extent in the case of
horses, but not so with cattle, if they have a yard to run in. Ruminants require
little exercise. As soon as they get enough to eat they at once lie down in order
to chew the cud and digest their food. They never wander about unle.ss they are
hungry or thirsty.
Horses require more exercise in order to strengthen the muscles and prevent
them from becoming soft and flabby. Work horses get exercise enough, Colts
by being turned loose in a large yard and fed with soiling crops would get all
the exercise required to keep them in a healthy condition and at the same time
become familiar with the feeder and consequently be less likely to be unruly or
vicious when about to be broken in.
TIte advantages of ensilage are to a large extent similar to those of soiling,
and yet there are certain points wherein they differ.
The silo is said to have originated in Germany, where an old German grow-
ing enthusiastic over the excellencies ot " saur kraut" thought that whatever was
good for man would be good for his cow. He therefore digged a pit and threw
into it the refuse cabbage leaves and such other green food as was convenient.
After leaving it covered for some time he opened it and found that his cow
relished it greatly. His neighbors followed his example, and though the "kraut"
was not so good as the modern ensilage, it served a useful purpose.
The first silo in America was built in 1S7G by Col. Francis Morris, Howard
Co., Maryland. In 1880 there we-e ten silos in America. In 1883 there were
sixty-nine in America, two of them being in Canada. One of these was built by
Mr. A. Pierce, of Stanstead, and the other by W. B. Benson, M.P. for Cardinal. In
1885 there were 3,190 silos in America and in 1888 the estimated number was
10,000.
This rapid increase shows that there must be some virtue in the silo, and
there is no doubt it has come to stay. It will in a short time bring about a revo-
lution in Canadian stock raising.
45
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
Of course there has been, and is even yet, a great difference of opinion as
regards the value of ensilage. Many have been strongly opposed to it. So have
people been opposed to reforms of all kinds. There has never been a great
reform that has not had its opponents. In fact the greater the reform the greater
is the opposition to it always. Even the mowing machine had its opponents.
We find a certain Mr. Bunday writing in the Genesee Farmer of 1858-59 against
its introduction. No doubt he now feels ashamed of himself.
The opponents of ensilage are now rapidly facing about and are themselves
building .silos. Even the great scientist J. B. Lawes has withdrawn his opposi-
tion and has declared in its favor.
The chief aim in making ensilage is to have it stveet. If it becomes sour the
result is failure. At one time it was uncertain whether it would be sweet or
sour when brought out of the silo, but now the secret has been discovered and it
can be made so as to come out sweet every time.
The nourishing value of a fo^d depends upon :
1st The composition of the food.
tind. The digestibility of the food.
Now ensilage can be made irom almost any food, so we will have no
need to inquire into the composition of the foods. Corn, however, is the chief
crop used, because such immense c^'ops can be grown. When this has been
properly prepared in the silo the stock becomes very fond of it. They eat it with
a great relish, and because it tastes good thiive well upon it.
While the chemist can find no moi'e nutrition in the ensiled corn than in the
dry fodder, the animals can find more in it, or at least they thrive better upon it
than upon dry food. For some reason it seems to be more digestible than freshly
cut food. It seems to undergo a process of ripening similar to that of fruit ripen-
ing after being pulled, though what the change really is no one seems to be able
to tell. Not only is it more digestible but it appears to aid the animal in digest-
ing other food, so that when properly made it is a very valuable food. Valuable
not only because the animal relishes it, but because it is a cheap food and keeps
the animal in a thriving condition.
Ensilage increases the flow of milk. Being a succulent food the supply of
water taken by the animal into the sj'stem through the food is increased, and as
milk is composed largely of water, the flow of milk is increased. W. D. Hoard
in his " Dairyman " says that one acre of pasture produces from 1,300 to 2,000 lbs.
of milk, one acre of corn in silo from 8,000 to 10,000 lbs., which is a very remark-
able difference indeed.
A great deal has been said and written about the flavor of ensilage milk and
butter, but as far as investigations have been made there appears to be no good
proof that the flavor is impaired by it. On the contrary. Sir J. B. Lawes, quoted
by T. R. Carskadon from the American Dairyman, says: "Silage milk has a
«light but not at all disagreeable flavor which may be described as hayey. The
butter is much yellower, and there is no perceptible distinction as regards taste."
Mr. Lawes was opposed to ensilage at first, but after making careful investigations
reported as above.
T. S. Lambert, INI.D., of New York, says : Ensilage is perfectly wholesome,
nutritious and valuable food."
A. H. Sabin, of Vermont Agricultural College, says : " Ensilage milk contains
one-eighth more butter than average milk and has no oflensive taste or odor."
46
58 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
The agricultural department of the Privy Council of England issued circulars
to the men owning silos, and out of 290 reports sent in 208 were strongly in favor
of ensilage.
At the Ontario Creameries Association the members spoke very highly of
it, saying they could command the highest prices for ensilage butter and satisfy
the most particular.
Prof. Robertson, of the Agricultural College, Guelph, speaks very much in
its favor. He puts the cost of building a silo at about one dollar per ton of capa-
city and the cost of the ensilage at fiom $1.50 to S2 per ton, so it is really a very
cheap food.
It occupies a great deal less space than any other food, and the waste is as
little as in any. As with gieen foilder it should not be fed alone, the best results
being obtained by feeding some concentrated food with it.
About forty or fifty pounds a day makes a very good ration. A cubic foot
will weigh about forty -five or fifty pounds, so that it is very easy to calculate
how large a silo will be required to winter an}' number of cattle, allowing a cubic
foot per head a day.
Mammoth Southern corn is the best variety and should be cultivated as
described in the former part of the essay. It should not be cut before the grain
is in the milky stage.
In filling the silo the work should proceed slowly so as to give the mass time
to heat. If heated to about 120° the life in the cells of the plants and in the
spores are killed, and then if the air be excluded the result will be a perfectly
sweet ensilage. These two things must be kept in view, viz. : the heating of the
mass and the exclusion of the air. It must also be kept from freezing.
In the past the objections to ensilage have been but three : —
1st. That it was sour.
2nd. That it caused an unpleasant odor in the milk.
3rd. That the cost of making was too great.
Happily these objections have all been successfully answered and the silo
has become a part of successful stock raising in Ontario.
THE CULTIVATION OF GREEN CROPS FOR SOILING AND ENSILAGE
AND THEIR VALUE IN FARM OPERATIONS.
By C. R. Notman, V.S., Wiarton.
To winch %vas awarded Second Prize.
As an introduction to my manuscript I will en<leavor to point or.t the green
crops geneially used to make silage, their cultivation, composiiion, iiMtnre, and
value on the larm ; also the differciit kinds of silos and that best ;nlajitf.'d to the
small or medium farmers who are well acquainted with the ol I system of thing-;,
doubtful of the new and cannot afford speculation, especially since they know of
47
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
failures in high places, and they hope to practise it when it has been demonstrated
more fully.
It is difficult to define the term siloing. It may be termed the artificial
method of pasturing cattle in the winter season in place of the natural method
of grazing them. It applies mainly to the supply of a constant grazing
season.
Silos are places used for the preservation of succulent herbage without drying,
A silo may be a pit, a box, a mow, a tank, a building, or a trench in the earth.
The preserved contents of the pit are called silage. Ensilage is the term applied
to the process or system. Ensile is the verb expressive of the action of making
silage. Ensilor stands for the person using the silo, to ensile fodder for silage by
the process of ensilage..
There are practically two distinct methods of soiling. One may be termed part
soiling which is partial feeding and partial grazing. The other is full soiling,
which means the entire substitution of feeding for grazing or stable for
pasture.
How to preserve fodder of any kind in a healthy green condition all winter
for the use of live stock, is yet, to some extent, a problem. Beginning in France,
the silo or pitting system came to the Western States some six years ago, thence
to England, where it has taken deeper hold than anywhere else. The States of
New York and Wisconsin are probably now the most prominent practical believers
and successful operators in it, and Canada reflects bui a mere shadow.
The competition for agricultural products of all kinds has driven our farmers
to the necessity of studying how to cheapen the cost of whatever they raise. The
vast and vigorous field of fertility in our staple wheat growing industry with
Manitoba and the North-West Territory, has forced us to give great prominence
to the live stock industry, in order to maintain fertility in our soil and revenue
for maintenance of our own temporalities, and most fortunately it would seem we
have extensively taken up dairying. But dairy products are governed by only
reasonable prices, which if to be secured, dairymen must watch closely every
avenue of loss or waste.
It is considered a great advance over the old methods to feed the crops upon
the farm instead of selling it, now that this practice has become so common, we
are pushed on and have to study closely how to produce the crop in the cheapest
possible manner, and how to secure and feed it with the least labor, the least
waste and the best results.
The subjects of silos and ensilare was made prominent to our farmers through
the Farmers' Institutes ; also through the many experimental stations established
throughout our land. The Dominion Government have so far seen the importance
of ensilage that they have placed all seed corn to be used for ensilage on the free
custom list. Gen. Laurier, as a practical siloist, made a speech in the Assembly,
and said " For ensilage purposes seed corn could not be grown anywhere in
Canada." He imported his seed from the Southern States, and he bore strong
testimony to the value of silage as food.
Any crop will make silage if taken in proper time, but the most common are
clover, meadow grasses and corn. In either there must be maturity without
decay, so that the most feeding value be secured along with the best condition
for preservation.
The following are some of the principal soiling crops best adapted to Ontaiio
conditions.
48
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
1. Winter rye, best sown early in September ; two bushels to the acre ; cut
before the blossom appears, and fed, if practicable, in conjunction with red
clover.
2. Red clover, yielding two cuttings per year, and cut until the time of
blossoming.
3. Orchard grass, which may be grown with clover ;itul cut at short periods,
4. Lucerne, yielding two or more cuttings per year, and when brought safely
through the first winter yields a bountiful crop for years. It is best adapted to
well-drained rich loams inclining to a sandy texture. It is not relished by the
stock so highly as clover.
5. Timothy and Mammoth clover make an excellent green food ; the combina-
tion being complemental to each other in their constituents, and ripening at the
same time.
6. Alsike clover and timothy grown together answer equally well. By
commencing to cut when the first blossoms appear, this crop may be fed for three
or four weeks.
7. Oats and peas, oats and vetches or tares, or oats, peas and vetches, come
next, sown mixed, at the rate of say one and one-half bushel oats ; one-half bushel
peas ; one-half bushel vetches to the acre, and at successive intervals of sav ten
days apart. They make the best ration when the grain is in the milk, but feeding
may commence when they first head out.
8. Common millet, Hungarian grass and Italian millet are all useful as f^-reen
fodders. They may be sown from May 1st to 1st July, one-half to one bushel
seed per acre, and should be cut before or in early blossom for soiling.
9. Corn is the most valuable of all green crops for soiling purposes. It should
be planted in drills for summer soiling at the rate of from one-half to one bushel
of seed to the acre, from 24.th May to lOth June. It may be sown with the fj-rain
drill, from 30 to 36 inches apart, and suitable harrowing after planting and
thorough cultivation are of much importance.
10. Rape is valuable for fattening sheep and cattle, and may be sown in drills
profitably on land handled in the first part of the season as a summer-fallow, on
the same plan and with the same after-management as in turnip culture • it is
eaten on the land.
Cultivation. — If it is intended to make a silage of grasses and clover 1 would
recommend sowing the seed rather thickly, alone, and as early as possible ; say
about the middle of May if land is dry and warm, but not with other grain crops
as is usually done. The tilling of the soil will depend upon what kind of seed is
to be sown. Endeavor to have a rich calcarious soil with an abundance of
ammonia and potash which is- the foundation of a good clover crop.
The question as to whether there is an advantage in selecting seed for ensilao-e
corn is one of great importance and one that has been too much neglected ; there
was a time, not wholly past either, when bulk and weight were the only measures
of value that were supposed to apply to ensilage crops. Tons per acre, regardless
of feeding value per ton, were regarded as the best indications. This is wrong,
and to-day the most experienced users are finding that immature, watery varieties
though standing highest on the scale of tons per acre are really lower on the true
scale of feeding value in the manger.
The following is a table giving the composition of 100 parts of clover hay^
meadow hay and the various kinds of ensilage corn.
4 (A. A.) 49
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 8).
A. 1890
The samples were all analysed at what was supposed to be their most
valuable staoe.
Variety.
Clover hay
Meadow hay
Fellow bent ensilage
Large sweet ensilage. ... I 36,960
Burrill and Whitman ensilage. 47,040
Southern ensilage I 41,066
Sanford | 30,618
Pride of north I 25,077
Northern field I 32,000
o
SI
■^ S
u ^
s S
S3^
<L
s >>
'^
•
-o^
Si
Id '
m
f"^
< 1
38.02
26.0
5.03
41.00
26.3
6.02
15 98
7.82
2.22 :
1 :5.9
1:8.1
10.38
7.22
14.58
13.85
16 9
17.17
7.67! 2.04
6.80! 1.59
5.95' 1.13
4.81
6.04
4.79
.93
1.77
1.69
1 :9.6
1 :10
When corn is to be used I would suggest sowing a sample of seed that will
be best adapted to climite, aad in average ^years, mature sufficienoly to bring
the kernel into the " roasting stage " that is so far perfected that the interior of
the kernel is past the period of milky consistency, and, if a flinty variety, is well
towards the time of " glazing," or " specking," externally. That stage of maturity
makes the cells of the plant robust, fills the stalks to the butts with nourishing
juices and leaves them palatable and digestible. Professor Jas. W. Robertson, of
the Gaelpli Agricultural College says, " The best fodder for the silo is ensilage
corn, known as Mammoth Southern sweet corn or Burrill and Whitman corn. It is
a Virginia or Georgian corn and grows a large bulk of stalk and leaf. It is of
certaiu vitality, and when grown on good soil properly prepared and cultivated is
proof against drouth. It has a high feeding value per ton. By planting in rows
three and one-half feet apart with three grains to the foot the largest feeding
return per acre will be obtained.
There are two common ways of planting corn, in drills and in hills. Experi-
ments conducted at Cornell University show that corn " listed " or planted at
the bottom of a nine inch furrow, give best results. Then that in drills three feet
apart sown by the corn planter or ordinary seed drill, only two or three of the
seed spouts being left open. This will require about six quarts of seed per acre.
Hills three by three feet apart, planted broadcast and harrowed, and broadcast to
give results in order of merit as named. Planting in drills give more plants, and
so a greater yield is to the acre,. and is best on clean land ; hill planting allows
the crop to be worked both ways, and is preferable on weedy soils.
Sow in a rich, clean, mellow soil with warm location. It is doubtless well
known that corn will rot at a temperature that will not injure the seed of other
important grain crops ; and scientific experiments have showu that corn will stop
growth at a temperature in which wheat, oats, etc., will continue to grow.
50
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No 8). A. 1890
Corn is so rapid a grower that it also requires a soil rich in plant food that
will rapidly respond to its demands. The land should be ploughed in the fall,
then cultivate and harrow in the spring. Manure may be applied to the lan<! in
the fall or spring.
If the soil is clay, sow the land with salt at planting time to keep it moist-
The plants may be well started by sowing with the seed some quick-acting
fertilizer, 250 lbs. ground bone beini,' a favorite, or 200 lbs. of muriate of potash
and 50 lbs. sulphate of aiumonia, Abundance of air and sunshine also increase
the growth and the nutrition per ton of fodder ; thus the i-ows should run north
and south.
Level cultivation is preferable to " hilling up " or " moulding up." When
the plants are about two inches above ground harrow diagonally, with a slant
tooth or other light harrow, and again a week later. Cultivate four or live times,
until the plants are five or six inches high or as long as the cultivator can be used
and the laud bakes.
Harvesting. — Every kind of grass should be cut before the formation of the
seed has begun, and all ensilage croj3s should be allowed to lie a day or two after
cutting, to wilt. They will thus unburden themselves of surplus moisture, become
concentrated, and approach that ripened state that will make them more whole-
some for cattle. A larger per cent, of water than 75 per cent, hinders the heating
and thus tends towards the formation of a sour product. If corn is left in the
held however, and exposed to the alternate rain and sun it looses its value as food,
and is nut worth the labor expended upon it.
The best period to cut corn for silage is about the first part of September.
As a rule it then has its greatest feeding value. The cutting can ordinarily be
done cheapest with the reaper. But when the stalks are ten or twelve feet high
the rakes will clog, thus I recommend a common corn knife, or an old fashioned
sickle. For a hauling convenience an ordinary waggon may be made to serve by
putting the wheels from a front axle to the hind axle. A truck or a waggon with
low wheels and a large flat platform may be used.
In either of these cases, by trailing a gangway b3hind, the persons loading
the fodder may carry it up in armfuls. These are not the best conveniences, nor
are they recommended. In the way now to be described the handiest kind of a
truck can be provided. Three strong pieces of timber six by six inches and eacli
twelve feet long are used. Strong poles will serve the purpose if flattened on one
side. They are placed sixteen inches apart, centre to centre, and the middle piece
is extended three feet beyond the two outside ones. Three feet from the other ends
of the two outside pieces a two inch plank, eight feet long, is securely bolted
across the three twelve feet pieces. A covering of planks is continued, each
scurely bolted, until the platform comes to the end of the two outside pieces,
leaving the middle piece extending. Then by removing the reach from a common
farm waggon, the platform so constructed can be attached to the under side of
the axles. The middle piece will serve the double purpose of a reach and front
support. It can be best attached to the front axle by a long king- bolt passing
down through it. A large, flat washer and a screw nut with a key under it will
make a strong, suitable and safe connection. A brace passing back from the
top of the king-bolt to the front plank of the platform will improve the attachment.
The two pieces extending beyond the platform at the other end are to be attached
to the hind axle on the under side. The " hounds " can be used as a brace by
attaching the end of it to the middle piece through the hinder plank of the plat-
form. A rough sketch accompanies this to make my description more easily and
<;learly understood.
51
63 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 8).
A. 1890
From six inches to a foot of cut or uncut straw should be placed evenly
over the bottom of the silo, before filling commences.
When there is lack of machinery for cutting, or when it is desired to try
ensilage one year before investing in a full outfit, laying the stalks all one way
in layers, and then placing the butts over the tops of the layer underneath,
will give a nice quality of silage, and will necessitate no extra outlay in harvesting.
It is best to cut silage into two inch lengths however, it is more convenient to
feed, it comes out of the silo with less labor, the extra cost in storing will be
offset by the convenience in handling, and in case of rank_ growing corn, of the
western or southern varieties, by decreased waste in feeding. If unevenly
packed, and some places sink more than others, the covering will be liable to warp
and injure, and open crevices for the admission of air, thus filling should be
accompanied with frequent tramping. The ordinary help on the farm and the
usual team will fill the silo fast enough, in fact it may sometimes be necessary to
wait for the temperature in the silo to rise, for I am convinced that it should be
as high as 130° each day, before a new lot is added. Thus all spores of fungi and
germs of ferments are destroyed. This temperature may be attained by placing
on the lid of the silo and allowing it to remain thus for a few hours.
52
63 Victoria. Sessional Paper3 (No. 8). A. 1890
The cells of the plants ensiled then begin the action of absorbing oxygen, and
i^iving off carbonic acid. That produces heat, being really a process of slow
combustion by which the cells of the living plants destroy themselves.
It should be remembered that silage shrinks in the silo, so that the number
of tons available for feeding, i.s less than the total amount harvested. It will
weigh after it is compactly settled, between 40 and 50 lbs. per cubic foot.
Enemies to Corn. — The chief enemies to sprouting corn are various cut-woims
and grubs below ground, and crows and black-birds after it is up. Tarring tjie
seeds will keep off insects. A pint of warm tar and a peck of seed are stirred
together, until every kernel is evenly coated, then roll in plaster. Birds are kept
off by scarecrows, (pieces of tin from hanging cords, clattering wind-mills, etc.)
Corn smut is due to parasites that attach themselves to the stem of the
corn, and there germinating, send threadlike branches into the pores of the plants^
where these again branch, forming a complicated tangled mass of the threadlike
myciliam that in time causes the tissues of the plant to swell and form a promi-
nent bunch of tumors. These threads soon bear the spores at their ends, the
spores increasing from the outside inward, until the swelling is a mass of blackish-
brown powder of a slimy consistency. The .spores are rounded bodies so small,
that 25,000 of them placed in line will measure an inch ; an ordinary smut ball
upon a corn plant will thus be made up of countless millions. It is believed that
the parasite attacks the corn plant at the first joint above the root, and germinates
■equally well in dry or wet seasons. It affects all parts of the plant, the stem, the
leaves, the ear, and the tassel.
Remedies are unavailing, prevention is the only cure for the disease of the
corn plant.
1st. The cutting out and burning of the diseased plants, securing the destruc-
tion of the spores, is a self-evident means of prevention.
2. Avoid planting corn after corn in all cases.
3. Pull up on sight, when the corn is worked, every young plant that is
affected, and before the smut is mature and the seed spores are ripe.
4. Select seed from healthy plants, and steep them in a solution of four
ounces of sulphate of copper in a gallon of water, and to use it in such a quantity
that the liquid is wholly absorbed, which is a gallon for five bushels of corn, then
dry for twenty-four hours after the treatment before sowing.
Frost is another enemy to corn. Prof. Storer writes to the Rivral New
Yorker, thus: "It seems plain that the great damage done by a hard frost to corn
fodder is due first of all to the tearing asunder of the cell-walls in the plant, by
the expansion which occurs when the liquids in the cells are converted into ice,
In order to do this laceration of the cells by frost, they must be tense and turgid,
i. e., full and swollen with liquid at the moment of freezing. It often happens
that wilted corn fodder is not injured by frosts that destroy the standing crop ;
and some farmers are on this account, accustomed to cut their fodder as rapidly
as po.ssible in the afternoon when there is reason to believe that there may be a
■* black' frost during the night. They sometimes even leave the fodder lying in
heaps upon the ground, when time presses and thei'e is not enough help to put
it into stooks."
Even so small an amount of wilting that the eye cannot detect it ma}^ be
sufficient to relieve the strain on the cell-walls, and save the crop. It is to be
noted also, in respect to corn that is left standing during a frost, that the natural
transpiration of moisture from the leaves carries away much heat, and so helps to
53
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890'
accelerate the freezing of the liquids within the leaves. It is probable that the
mere act of freezing does not much injure the nutritive value of corn fodder
The real trouble comes after the f lozen leaves have wilted, when the sugar in the
plant begins to ferment. Before the frost, the saccharine juices in the corn fodder
were naturally shielded from contact with the outer air by the unbroken cell-
walls.
When these walls are destroyed by the act of freezing, the contents of the
cells are laid open to the assaults of all manner of microbes, which float about in
the air ; fermentation speedily sets in, and the sugar is quickly destroyed. But
the nutritive value and palatal dlity of corn fodder depend largely upon the sugar
which is contained in it, and the destruction of this sugar is a serious injury.
It ma.j readily be believed that the nutritive value of corn fodder suffers so
little detriment by the act of freezing, that the frozen stalks might probably be
as useful as those that are sound, if it were but practicable immediately to put them
into an ice-house, and to thaw them out by small portions, which should ])e fed
to cattle before fermentation had time to set in. It is true of frozen vegetable
matters — such as beets and potatoes for example — that they had better be fed out
as soon after thawing as practicable, because of fermentation and decay whicli
ensue when the lacerated cells are exposed to warm air.
So too, if frosted corn fodder could be packed in a silo while still frozen, it
might be saved from harm by putting it out of reach of the microscopic organisms,
which cause decay.
How best to restore the palatableness of corn fodder which has been dried
after freezing, is a matter that needs to be studied at the farm. So far as the
chemistry of the subject is concerned, the fodder could probably be made to serve
a useful purpose, when fed out in conjunction with cotton-seed meal, malt sprouts,
shorts, gluten meal, or, better yet, with appropriate mixtures of one or another of
these things and corn-meal.
Weighting the Silo. — On a small silo, especially if it was not to be opened
for use until midwinter, or until December 20th even, t should advise moderate
weio-htinsf with muck or sand, the same to be used as an absorbent after its
removal from the silo.
In the New Hampshire Experimental Station, a large silo was well preserved
and no weight was i7sed, only loose straw having been thrown on to cover the
last laid in corn. This method seems to meet with e-^pecial favor, when a covering
of tar paper applied at the sides and having its ends and sides extending for a
foot up against the sides of the silo, is applied before the straw.
Nature of Silage. — Though silage when taken from the silo six months after
burial, appears very much as it did when first put in, it is known that it under-
goes material changes, some of which are beneficial and others are the occasion of
serious loss. The first change is that of sugar into lactic acid, the presence of'
which softens the crude fibre, rendering some of it soluble and digestible which
was insoluble before. The presence of the newly formed acid contributes to
changing the amylaceous matter into glucose, which gives them an enhanced value
for food. But the glucose does not remain stable. In its moist and moderately
warm condition it goes into lactic acid, like all other saccharine matters under
such circumstances, when its food value becomes a matter of uncertainty. If air
were entisely excluded from the silage, the change would stop here, and the loss
probably be trifling, and perhaps entirely balanced by the increased digestibility
of the fibre. But air is never entirely excluded from an earth pit. The ground
54
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 18S0
is not impervious to air or other gases. The oxygen of the air permeate^ the
earthly covering, and upon reaching the damp silage stimulates alcoholic and
acetous fermentations, which cause decomposition, and the evolution of carbonic
acid, gas and heat. The top of the silage which comes most in contact with the
air, is most affected, the measure of loss being determined by the sujiply of air.
Such fermented silage when fed makes dark-colored and insipid flesh, makes milk
thin and poor, and impairs both the quantity and flavor of butter. This has
caused some feeders to condemn it for the production of milk and butter, and
stock-growers condemn it for the use of breeding animals. A second cause for
unfavorable results from the use of ensilage, lies in the imperfect balance of food
elements in the material most commonly preserved, fodder corn.
The following from analysis by Moser and Gohren, at the distinguished experi-
mental station at Vienna, of green fodder corn, before and after ensilage, will
indicate the character and location of loss, common in silos made by excavations
in tlie earth. The corn was in blossom when cut, and was packed in silos of
medium size, and covered with a layer of dirt several feet in thickness. A hiin-
dreii pounds of the green corn gave 18.85 pounds of dry solids, ot which 6.67
we«e crude fibre, leaving 12.18 of solid matter available for food. The ash from
the-e solids was .6 per cent. As the ash does not vary by reason of any changes
in a silo, a comparison of the weight of dry solids required to yield a given
amount of ash before and after going into a silo, will show wdiether there is any
loss by ensilaging, and, if so, how much. Since .6 of a pound of ash comes from
100 pounds of green corn before going into the silo, the silage from 100 pounds
of green corn must also yield .6 of a pound of ash. After being six months in a
silo, a sample of silage from the green corn analysed as above, taken fifteen inches
from the top of the silo, required but 9.9 pounds of dry matter, instead of 18.8.5
pounds to produce .6 of a pound of ash, showing a loss of 8.95 pounds
of dry matter, of which .89 of a pound was crude fibre, and the rest 8.0{; pounds
was available food elements, indicating a loss of very nearly tw^o-thirds of the
food element contained in the green corn. Another san)ple of silage from the
same silo, taken thirty inches from the top, and consequently less exposed to access,
of an\ required 12.47 pounds of dry matter to produce .6 of a pound of ash,
showing a loss of only 6.38 pounds, of Mdiich .51 was crude fibre, and the rest
5.87 pounds w^as available food element, or nearly one-half of the original food in
the green corn. In another silo, a sample of green corn taken three feet from the
surface, showed when compared with the green corn, a loss of 45 per cent, of the
food elements in the corn before ensilaging. As the silos from which these samples
of silage w^ere taken, were made under the directions of the experiment station,
and in the most approved manner, the results show at least the average loss
resulting from the preservation of green food in silos, made by a simple excavation
in dry earth.
While the losses are large, there is always a counterbalancing efiect in
them. The loss in non-nitrogenous food elements, which are in excess in fodder
corn and most other matters commonly preserved in silos, is much greater than
in the nitrogenous or flesh producing elements. The loss in the former is over
50 per cent.; in the latter seldom over 25 per cent. ; so that silage from such
silos usually furnishes a better balanced ration than the green food. But tlie
waste is too great to make it economical to preserve anything in earth pits
which could be preserved by desiccation.
Fully appreciating that access of air to the silage was the cause of its
wasting, M. Auguste Goffart, of France, introduced improvements in silo."? for
excluding air. An excavation was made with perpendicular sides, and protected
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8) A. 1890
with walls of masoniy, either brick or stone, with sides and bottom watertiglU.
When the material to be preserved had been snugly packed in the silo, the
whole was covered with strong planks, closely fitted, to exclude air, and laid
■directly upon the contents of the silo, and then heavily weighted with stones.
By this means the silage was pressed into the most compact form, and the air
in the vacant spaces forced out, the cover following down as the contents of the
silo settled, the closely fitting cover protecting against the admission of outside
air. Thus protected, the loss was reduced to a minimum, and the utility of
silos greatly enhanced.
In the British Ensilage Commission I notice the followinor:
The experience of dairy farmers in England and Scotland does not appear
to justify the assertion, which has been more or less circulated, that dairy i)ro-
duce is in any way injuriously affected by ensilage food. On the contrary, much
reliable evidence has been received to show that feeding with well made silage
directly improves the yield of milk and cream and the quality of butter. The
Commissioners have already bad sufficient evidence to justify them in enconrag-
ing the development of the system of stoiing undried green fodder creeps as a
valuable auxiliary to farm practice. In addition to other advantages, looses
occurring thi-ough weather unfavorable for hay-making may be avoided, and
some crops not hitherto grown in this country on account of the impossibility of
ripening their seed may be successfully cultivated for ensilage, to increase and
diversify our present means of feeding various kinds of live stock on arable or
partly arable farms. If cariied out with a reasonable amount of care and
sufficiency, this system should enable the farmer to largely increase the number
of live stock that can be profitably kept upon any given acreage, and propor-
tionately the quality of manure available to improve its fertility.
Generally speaking all horses, cattle, sheep, swine and poultry are fond of
silage, if composed of such grains or grasses as are eaten by them., and most
farm animals prefer it to the best dry forage. But except in the case of ani-
mals fed to maintain their weight it cannot be recommended as a substitute for
more than half the long forage consumed. Slightly frozen silage has been fed
•and relished without any noticeable evil effects.
The best results of silage are obtained when fed with cut dry fodder and a
few pounds of meal. For milch cows 1^ pounds of cotton seed meal and 3 to 5
pounds of chopped oats, pease and bran make a very desirable mixture, with 40
to 60 pounds of silage. "The evidence is overwhelming," saj's Prof. Alvord, "of
the safety and economy of feeding silage to the extent of at least one-third of .
the total long forage of nearly all classes of domestic animals during the season
when thej would ordinarily be kept on dry food, as well as its usefulness in
supplementing short pasturage. But if there be any lingering doubts as to the
expediency of feeding silage to even this moderate extent, none can exist as to
its admirable effect when used simpl}'' as a condiment or appetizer in addition to
the usual ration. Treating the fattening steer or the milch cow as a machine, it
IS often desirable to increase the appetite or give tone to the system by a gentle
laxative. In such case a good article of silage- can be positively asserted to
answer as well as the same weight of the best roots. Fed as little as 10 or 15
pounds a day to an animal of 800 to 1,000 pounds weight, which would be
equivalent to a peck of roots, its effects are soon seen in tlie improved condition
of the bowels, increased appetite, brightened coat and generally thrifty appear-
ance of the creature." To these advantages add the possibility of increasing
the number of animals kept on the farm without any addition to the cost of
maintenance, the possibility of successful winter dairying, the possibility of
56
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
doubling the manure heap, and the possibility of carrying the cattle and herds
of the farm safely and successfully through a period of drouth, and I think the
conclusion must be forced upon every thoughtful man that silage is an important
and valuable auxiliary to successful farm practice in such a country as ours,
with its long wintei's and drouthy summers.
Fodder-corn, to give the most satisfactory returns, requires to be comple-
mented with something like clover, or other food richer than itself in flesh-
forming matter, and this is equally necessary whether it is fed from the silo or
the field. A mixture of from 25 to 35 pounds silage and 8 to 12 pounds of cut
hay, straw or fodder, per head per day, is perhaps the best method of feeding,
as the dry and green food is tlien taken into the stomach together and in rumin-
ation, the dry food absorbing the juices of the green, a greater percentage of the
dry food is digested, and this too with less tax on the digestive organs than
when taken into the stomach separately. Again the dry food absorbing the
juices of the green, there is less tendency to a too laxative condition of the
bowels, which is liable to follow, where the silage is fed separately which should
be carefully guarded against. When silage corn possesses a wealth of ears, as
was the case with last year's crop, and the mixture is silage and cut dry ensilage
corn, no additional grain ration is required. "When the mixture is silage and cut
straw or fodder, a light grain ration each day is required for the best results in
feeding. Should silage be the sole feed in the ration from 50 to 60 pounds will
be required.
At the Ontario Experimental Station, in the year 1885, tests were made as
to the value of silage against turnip-fed cows, which closed with a good result in
favor of silage both in regard to animal weight and quality of milk. See
report year 1885.
The Experimental station at Wisconsin made a test as to the value in feed-
ing (sweet corn) silage against sweet corn fodder. The food was of the best
quality and all ordinary precautions taken to make the test a fair one. The
results give silage 201 pounds 2 ounces of milk in its favor and 8 pounds 2
•ounces of butter.
Another experiment somewhat similar to the above, except that Burrill and
Whitman silage was used. The result was 13 pounds more milk by feeding corn
fodder, but an ounce more butter was obtained by feeding silage ; thus we find
silage to give richer milk.
Another experiment made was, feeding silage only to four steers for 36
days ; and feeding silage, shelled corn and bran to four other steers for 36 days.
The steers being dehorned and allowed to run loosely in a shed. The result was:
To make 100 pounds of grain, required, with silage, only, 3,558 pounds.
To make 100 pounds of grain, with silage and grain, required 654 pounds
of silage 894 pounds of corn and 181 pounds bran.
Four hogs were placed with the steers getting grain in order to consume the
waste in the drippings; it was found they required only 92 pounds additional
corn to make 100 pounds of grain. Thus if we suppose 669 pounds grain at
$15 per ton=$5.02, and 654 pounds of silage at $4 per ton=$1.30. The cost of
100 pounds of beef and 100 pounds of pork is $6.30.
Mr. W. A. Henry conducted this e.Kperiment and says. " It may seem a
bold statement, but I do not believe any feeder can show superior results to
these, at least I cannot recollect any as good ever having come under my obser-
vation." The farmer who doubts these figures should bear in mind that the
57
53 V^ictoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 8).
A. 1890
silaere was eaten without waste, while as steers are usually fed the fodder is
largely wasted.
Experiments have been made to find what difference there would be in
curing fodder and soiling fodder. The following is a table made by W. A. Henry
and^F. A. Wolf from an experiment made by them :
LARGE SWEET CORN.
Weight of fodder . . .
Dry matter
Ash ^ .
Ether extract
Crude fibre
Protein
Nitrogen free extract
Cured Fo
When
Cut.
When
Cured.
lbs.
17.908
lbs.
3.279
4.057
" 2.572 1
365.4
212.7
80.6
83.3
1,374.0
886.5
379.6
281.7
1,857.0
1,109.0
Difference.
lbs.
-14.629
- 1.485
- 152.7
2.7
per ct.
36.61
- 3.76
.07
Siloed Fodder.
487.51—12.01
1
97.91— 2.41
748.0—18.44
Fresh.
lbs.
24.516
5.554
500.9
110.5
1,881.0
520.4
2.541.0
Solid.
lbs.
19.628
4.330
396.3
155.0
1,151.0
373.8
2,254.0
Difference.
lbs.
-4.888
1.224
—104.6
* 44.5
Xjer ct.
22.04
— 1.88
* .80
730.0 —13.14
-146.0
-287.0
- 2.64
- 5.17
Plus.
Of the dry matter in the original fodder 36.51 per cent, was lost under the
shocking system, and 22.02 per cent, under the soiling systeai, a result showing^
up worse for dried shocked corn fodder than in the former case. Of the large
loss in shocking a little more than half falls on the nitrogen-fiee extract, and
next to it comes the crude fibre. A similar loss of three per cent, of the dry
matter falls on the ash in shocking.
Dr}^ silage has been made by drying the corn before putting it into the silo,.
but the results were not satisfactory, as it had become mouldy and its feeding-
value not good.
Silage is generally fed to horses in the Western States, along with the usual
rations of bran and oats. Except when working hard little else besides the
silage is given.
Sheep do well when fed on silage, with one half a pound of mixture of
three parts bran and one of corn meal each per day. The wool and mutton are
quite equal to that nourished on dry fodder.
Hogs do not relish silage so well, except when it contains a large amount of
ears of corn which they will search out but leave the other portions unconsumed.
It would appear that ordinary Qorn silage is not satisfactory for hogs. But I
have strong hopes of clover for this purpose.
Hens seem to relish corn silage, and it greatly promotes laying.
Costs. — Let us suppose it costs $12.00 per ton to produce timothy hay and
that an acre will yield 3,000 pounds or 2,595 pounds of dry matter per acre,..
5S
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 8).
A. 1890
worth $18.00, then we can form a table showing the cost of production as
follows:
Yield in lbs.
per acre.
Dry Matter lbs.
per acre.
2595
4049.5
5291.6
4431.3
4099.3
3488
3196
Value per acre.
Timothy hay
3000
19705
24555
20610
18195
17065
14535
$18 00
Listed
29 15
Drills
35 74
Hills
Planted
30 08
27 88
Broadcast, Harrowed
Broadcast
21 64
19 72
Thus the relative cost of haj" and silage is timothy hay $12.00 per ton.
Silage $1.90 per ton, and 2 pounds of well cured silage are equal in feeding^
value to 1 pound timothy hay ; some say 3 to 1.
One acre of hay, yielding 1| tons, worth $18.00, will supply 100 rations at
30 pounds per day, or 120 rations at 25 pounds per day.
One acre of silage yielding 13f tons, worth $26.00 will supply 458 rations
at 60 pounds per day or 550 rations at 50 pounds per day, 305 at 90 pounds and
366 at 75 pounds.
The average cost for filling one silo, ■which includes the entire expense from
the cutting of the corn in the field to the close of the silo not taking into the
account the use of teams and machinery, was o3 cents per ton. The other two'
make the average cost, exclusive of the use of teams and machinery, about 40
cents per ton.
These expense accounts were kept by intelligent, practical, and conservative
men, with several years of experience with the silo, and their accuracy need not
be called in question. Taking the highest figures, viz., 40 cents per ton, as the
cost of harvesting and ensiling, let us ascertain the co.st of producing a crop of
ensilage corn ready for the harvest.
I herewith give the estimated cost of producing 10 acres of ensilage corn,
which I think any practical corn raiser will admit is a liberal one, as the cost is
the same as that of an ordinary corn crop, with perhaps the exception of the
cost of one ploughing in favor of the en.silage. In this estimate I take no
account of the use of teams and machinery, as these items are usually omitted
by the farmer when estimating the cost of producing a crop :
1st. Fertilizing $20 00
2nd. Breaking 10 acres, 6 days at $1 per day 6 00
3rd. Preparing ground and seeding, 6 days at $1 6 00
4th. Seed for 10 acres at 50 cents per acre 5 00
5th. Cultivating ten acres — 4 times with double ploughs. . 8 00
Cost of 10 acres of ensilage $45 00
At 20 tons to the acre, which is only a fair average yield, we have the cost
to produce one ton of ensilage at 20-]^ cents ; add to this "the cost of harvesting
59
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
md ensiling 40 cents and we have the cost of producing., harvesting and ensiling
)ne ton of ensilage corn at 6O5 cants. In this estimate it will be observed I
lave taken no account of the use of teams and machinery, assuming that the
Farmer of necessity keeps them for general farm work whether he raises ensilage
3orn or not. If the use of teams and machines, interest at 6 per cent, on the
value of the land and cost of the silo, we have the following, which should be
bhe market value of silage, as every item of labor as well as use of capital
sm ployed is paid in full :
1. Fertiziling 10 acres $20 GO
2. Breaking 10 acres at .'#1.75 per acre 17 50
3. Preparing ground and seeding 10 acres at $1.75 per acre . 17 50
4. Seed for 10 acres at 50 cents per acre 5 00
5. Cultivating 10 acres 4 times at 50 cents per acre 20 00
6. Ensiling 10 acres at 60 cents per ton, 50 percent, add
for the team 120 00
7. Interest at 6 per cent, on 10 acres at $60 )>er acre, $600 .... 06 00
8. Interest at 6 per cent, on cost of silo, $200 12 00 '
9. Use of machinery 10 00
Total cost of 200 tons of silage $258 00
Average cost per ton 1 29
Silos.— The silo, as formerly employed in modern at;riculture, consisted of
m excavation in the earth, usually in an elongated form, into which green her-
bage was placed in its succulent condition and then covered with earth to exclude
dr. The pit was dug in some dry locality into which water would not penetrate,
md the vegetable matter laid upon bare earth, but protected from above with
Doai'ds or other means for preventing the dirt to be thrown over it from mixing
^ith the contents of the silo, and the whole was then covered with a deep layer
)f earth. In this situation the vegetation is preserved from putrefaction or
iecay from three to six months or more, arid apparently in a condition but little
ihanged from what it w^as when first buried.
This form of silo has been largely in use in Europe, especially in France and
A-Ustria, for many years, for preserving for the winter food of domestic animals,
she tops and pulp of beets from Avhich sugar had been made, and also green
3lover, stalks of maize and various other vegetable productions not easily
iesiccated.
In the United States silos having tight walls, with rare exceptions are only
used. Different materials and a variety of modes of construction are employed.
3ome are made with thick walls of solid masonry ; others laid up dry, and pointed
inside and out. Some are made of brick or wood, but more are probably made of
soncrete than any other material. It has special advantages for the purpose. It
makes an air tight wall ; is durable, not being affected by frost or water ; is a
poor conductor of heat, is cheap, and readily constructed without skilled labor.
Silos are preferably located at the side of the barn in which their contents
are to be fed, the bottom being on a level with the bottom of the stable, for con-
venience in feeding, a door opening from the bottom of the silo, or each of its
compartments, to the stable, for conveying food to the stock. The necessary
oovering for protection against wet is easily made in such a location. Deep silos
preserve their contents best, and are more economical in covering and in weigh-
ing than shallow ones. In the construction of silos it is a matter of great
mportance to have the opposite sides exactly parallel, and the surface as smooth
60
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 8).
A. 1890
as possible, so that the covering in settling shall neither crowd to prevent going
down without obstruction, nor leave cracks lor air to work in. For the same
reason it is also important that the walls should be so thick and firm as not to
spring, either in or out.
Space is best economized by building as nearly square as convenience will
allow, since the same surface of wall in a square form will inclose more space
than in a parallelogram; and experience has proved that it is better to divide a
silo into compartments by partitions, sixteen feet apart, rather than to have all
the space in one room so large as to make the covering unwieldly, and to cause a
needlessly large surface to be exposed to the air when feeding. A silo divided
into compartments will require forty-four feet less length of wall, and expose
but one-third the amount of surface when feeding, as arranged. By filling one
apartment at a time, injury wdl be avoided by keeping open too long.
Fifty cubic feet will contain rather more than a ton, so that a silo to hold
one hundred tons might be 1.5 x 1.5 feet and thirty feet high ; extra space being-
necessary, as it is impossible to fill a silo so as to have it more than three-fourths
full, when settled.
The dimensions for a fifty ton silo might be 12 x 15 x 16 feet, a twenty-five
ton .silo 12x12x12 feet.
Though silos have been generally constructed below ground, and very often
still are, it is by no means necessary to build them so, nor is it advisable they
should be so. They can be made above the surface as well as below it, by using
doable walls, as for the preservation of ice, but one of the walls, at least, should
be airtight to guard against the percolation of air through whatever is used to
fill the space between the walls, and all should be frost proof.
To effect the destruction of organic matter three things are necessary ; a
temperature at which changes can be carried on ; free oxygen, to produce new
combinations ; and moisture, as a medium for it to work through. If either one
of these essentials is absent destruction would be prevented. It would be exceed-
ingly difiicult, either to maintain a temperature so low, or to remove so much
moisture from succulent vegetation, as to pievent destruction. The most avail-
able resort is to exclude the free oxygen of the air. In building a silo the chief
effort of the builder should therefore be to secure the most perfect exclusion of
air possible.
A number of Canadian farmers have already built stone foundations under
their barns, the foundation also forming the outside walls of their stables ; thus I
will describe a plan that I have followed in my building.
EZ
SJ
ill^EZDI
The stone wall is nine feet high, on top of which a sill of planks is bedded
14-foot planks, 2 in. x 10 in., are placed vertically 2| feet apart, secured safely at
the bottom and top against lateral pressure by being mortised and toe-nailed
into sills made of planks, cross-lapped at the corners.
61
63 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 8).
A. 1890
On the inside of the studs I had inch lumber nailed horizontally across the
studding, then a covering of tar paper, with the edges lapping four inches,
were tacked on. Over this was cedar lumber, planed and tongued and
grooved, nailed on vertically. This afterwards received a coating of hot coal tar
and resin. Between the inch lumber, nailed on the studding, and the stone wall
was filled with sawdust. Above the sills of the stone wall the studding had tar
paper and inch lumber nailed on.
The covering is sound two-inch plank, grooved together in sections two and
a half to three feet wide, for convenience in handling, and long enough to reach
across the sills. The sections are also joined with grooves and tongues, making
the whol3 air-tight. The sections will come apart easily, and arc very con-
venient for removing one at a time when filling the silo. Tarred paper is tacked
over this after filling, and some straw thrown over the top of that.
A door 4 feet high by 3 feet is made of the ice-house pattern, and hung on
hidges to the side of the silo, which is used when feeding. In making the door a
space between two studs may be left unboarded, or may be sawn out fiush with
their sides. Cleats may then be nailed on, and the short boards fitted in. Care
must be taken to so place strips of tar paper tliat they will make the joints at
both sides of the door air-tight.
There is no floor, as the earth is high and dry, but if it were not so I would
use concrete or some such material.
Thus protected the contents will remain sound for an indefinite time. I
know of no better plan for a silo than that! have followed, and would recommend
others intending to build to give the plan their consideration.
Conclusion. — It is no longer a question whether corn fodder can be easily
and safely preserved in a silo. The first question, then, to be answered is, do
cows lelish silage, and will they eat it in sufficient quantity to warrant its use ?
To this query our reply is most positively and firmly yes. No feed offered cattle
during the winter, except possibly roots, pleases them so well, and this strong
liking must count most favorably for this kind of feed. Every dairyman of
experience knows how important it is to satisfy the appetite of his cows, and
well made silage asks no favors in this particular.
The second point to be raised is, can it be fed in quantities sufficient to
maintain a good flow of milk and give at least an average butter production ?
Yes ! tests given on page 50 are conclusive.
62
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 8).
A. 1890
So far as they go these results may be considered as showing that ensilage
is favorable to a continuance of the milk flow, and that when changino- from
dry fodder to silage one may reasonably expect an increased butter yield for
some little time after the change.
The time of drying up with a cow may be hastened or delayed by the kind
of feed and care given her.
The third point may be stated thus : Can we store more feed in the shape of
silage in a given space than in the shape of hay or dry fodder ? The expense for
building a silo and a barn for storing hay does not materially differ. With
large silos it is probable that nearly twice as much dry matter can be stored in a
given space in the shape of silage as in the shape of hay in the mow. This point
is decidedly in favor of the silo and ensilage and is quite contrary to the asser-
tion made at diflerent times that less food can be stored in the silo than in the
barn. I do not think fodder-corn can be stored more closely than hay, and
certainly there is great risk to run from its heating when put in the barn in
comjjact form.
In estimating the contents of a mow of hay from 300 to 500 cubic feet are
allowed for each ton of hay, 400 cubic feet being the average space re(][uired to
contain one ton of well-pressed hay. Assuming the latter figure, we find that in
a mow of hay each cubic foot of space contains five pounds of hay ; but hay is
only 85 per cent, dry matter, which gives 4.25 pounds of dry matter in a cubic
foot in hay against from 7.26 to 7.95 in ensilage.
Four cows in 21 days drank 2,376 lbs. of water when fed silage, while the
same cows in the same length of time on dry fodder drank 5,235 lbs. This is
28 lbs. per cow per day of water drank for those fed silage, and over 62 lbs. per
•cow per day for those fed fodder.
63
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. S). A. 1890
Some feeders of silage claim that indirectly we can take more out of a silo-
than we put in. That in the process of preserving, the silage having been brought
to a heat of from 125° to 130° the same chemical changes go on as in the first
stages of digestion after the food is taken into the stomach of the animal, hence,
the silo having performed a part of the work otherwise assigned to the digestive
organs, there is such a saving of vital energy as to make the food value of the
plant greater affer having gone through these chemical changes, than before it
entered the silo.
The fifth point is, are corn.stalks from which the leaves have been stripped
of any value ? It is very certain that the coarse stalks have a considerable feed-
ing value if they can only he easily masticated by the cows.
My sixth point is, can a ton of dry matter be handled in the shape of silage
both in curing and in feeding out as cheaply as it can in the shape of dried
fodder. Yes.
Thomas Shaw, Professor of Agriculture at the Ontario Agricultural College,,
has issued a bulletin on the growth of green fodders as follows : — The attention
of the farmers of the Dominion has never been sufficiently drawn to the great
advantages that flow from the growth of an abundant supply of green food for
the stock of the farm. In this climate of short and oftentimes dry summers and
of stern winters, which forever forbid the successful growth of permanent pastures
of th(! Euiopean order and on the European plan, it will doubtless prove in the
future the great resource of the farmer who is bent upon sustaining the fertility
of his land, through that best of all sources, stock-keeping. Some of its advan-
tages are : —
1. It effects a saving of land to the extent of enabling the farmer with but
50 acres to raise more beef, mutton, milk, butter, or cheese than the one with 100
acres who pa5's no attention to the growth of green fodders.
2. It effects a great saving in fences, one of the largest items of outlay on a
farm.
3. It secures a marked saving in food and of animal muscle, in their not
having to search for it.
4. It increases the quantity and quality of the manure to the extent of at
least one-half of all that is made during the pasturing season.
5. Its effects upon the health and condition of the animal are beneficial,
since the supply of food is uniform and sufficient, and they are free from annoy-
ance, worry, and exposure.
6. It greatly increases the quantity and quality of the milk, butter, and beef
product,
7. It very much enhances in the aggregate the fertility of the soil.
8. It lai'gely obviates the necessity of summer fallowing through its
antagonism to weed growth.
9. It would prove a boon to the cotter, whose one cow must needs pasture on
the highway.
10. In conjunction with the silo it provides green food for the stock all the
year, hence every farmer in the province alive to his own best interests will grow
a greater or smaller proportion of green fodder every year.
Christopher Kedpath jSotman, V.S,
64.
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
THE ADVANTAGES OF ROTATION OF CROPS AS COMPARED TO THE
EVILS OF OVER-CROPPING.
To which ivas atuarded the First Prize.
To the Council of the Agriculture and Arts Association of Ontario :
Of all the varied and important questions pertainins^ to practical and scien-
tific agriculture there is not one of more vital interest to the Canadian, or in fact
to the agriculturists of any country, than that of a proper rotation of crops.
Upon the observance or non-observance of the principles that underlie a proper
rotation in cropping may be said to hinge, ultimately, the success or failure of
agricultural husbandry. The benefits arising from an orderly succession of
various kinds of crops were no doubt recognized by tillers of the soil many centu-
ries ago. As high an authority as Professor Rodgers, of Oxford University,
informs us that a system of crop rotation was pretty generally adopted through-
out England as far back as the 13th century. Mr. R. B. Morrier gives even greater
antiquity to this system of husbandry by crediting the Teutonic freeman with its
-adoption, even as far back as the first century.
How the idea of a rotation in the production of a diversity of crops first
originated may be readily inferred from the fact, patent to any close observer,
that where a continuous production of any particular kind of crop, for even a
few years, on the same land is practiced the evil effects would doubtless be most
evident in the deterioration of each succeeding crop.
In many of our most fertile districts the evil efi*ects consequent upon the
suicidal practice of over-cropping are so seriously felt that we frequently hear
the remark made in reference to farms treated in that way that they are " run
down," " worn out," " impoverished," and " so exhausted as to be unreliable for
further cropping." That which was naturally good land has been rendered as
unproductive and unprofitable as that which was naturally poor ; and yet how
few there are, comparatively, who understand what exhaustion implies much less
explain either how it takes place or by what means it can be remedied.
The relation existing between the various chemical properties of the different
kinds of soils, and the relative proportion of each of the fertilizing constituents
that is necessary to the healthy growth and proper development of 'the various
kinds of crops produced, is so intimate and of such vital importance that a dis-
regard to that relationship must inevitably terminate ruinously to the one
practicing it.
The measure of success attending the efforts of the agriculturist is determined
by his ability to produce the largest possible supply from the land at the smallest
cost to himself and with the least possible injury to the soil.
In order to a proper and intelligent discussion of this most important and
intricate subject, showing how these conditions to success may be met, a technical
knowledge of agricultural chemistry, in its varied departments, is, perhaps, not
less necessary than a practical experience in agricultural husbandry ; as all
farming operations relative to the treatment of the soil and the crops intended to
be produced thereon must be conducted, as nearly as possible, in harmony with
certain fixed principles or laws of nature in order to secure to the husbandman
the best results. Not that we deem it absolutely essential that all farmers must
needs go through a course of study in scientific agriculture in order to be success-
ful, but undoubtedly they should, if possible, have a general knowledge of the
principles involved and know why certain results invariably follow a specific
treatment of the soil, or why the growing of various kinds of crops on different
kinds of soils give certain returns. Many of our most successful farmers are
5 (a.a.) 65
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
men who have had but limited educational advantages, but being close observers
and possessing strong natural inherent shrewdness they have learned what
methods to adopt in order to the production of paying crops. But it takes many
years of close application and shrewd, careful observation and then, at best, their
knowledge is but limited toafew of the fundamental principles bearing directly upon
their own locality and the nature of the crops produced, and that without being
able, in many instances, to give the reasons for causes and effects as related to
theis own practical experience.
So in the discussion of this subject it opens up before us a vast field for
careful study, the one which above all others calls for the thoughtful attention of
the agriculturist, of this or any country, devoted to agricultural pursuits and, as
we have intimated, one regarding which there is unquestionably much need for
enlightenment.
In our treatment of this subject we shall consider it from two aspects, viz.,.
first from a soientijic and secondly from a practical standpoint.
Scientific Standpoint.
In order to a proper adaption of the crop to the soil it is necessary (<x) to
know somewhat of the composition and fertility of soils, which latter involves a
knowledge of the relative proportion in which the various chemical properties
exist in the soil ; (6) to know what chemical properties and the relative propor-
tion of each that enters into the composition of the various kinds of crops intended
to be produced ; (c) to also have a knowledge of plant life and the physical con-
ditions necessary to a healthy growth, embracing a knowledge of the chemical
properties of the air and their effect upon the growth of diflerent kinds of plants.
From chemical analysis all soils are found to consist of two properties
known as organic and inorganic, the former being derived from the decay of
vegetable and animal matter, and the latter from the crumbling of rocks that has
taken place in the formation of the earth's surface. These properties are again
composed of various substances all of which, with one or two exceptions, are
essential to plant growth ; but the amount and percentage of each of those con-
stituents varies with different soils, and also in the same soils under different
treatments.
The organic properties, as observed, consist of decayed vegetable and animal
matter and is found to exist in all soils to a greater or less degree, but it embraces
a very small percentage of the fertilizing properties of the soil, ranging in fertile
soils from five to ten per cent. It is through the accumulation of organic or
vegetable matter in soils that they become rich in nitrogen in a state of combina-
tion available as plant food. But it must be borne in mind that the air is the
original source from whence the soils derive their organic matter and nitrogen
in the first place, and also that through the slow process of decomposition these
constitutents are again restored to the air or converted into water and nitric acid.
The inorganic or mineral constituents, on the other hand, form a large per-
centage of the soil, but varying, of course, according to the composition and
quality of the soil. These constituents correspond exactly with the ash of all
plants, showing conclusively that they are all, with the exception of aluminum,
necessary to a p.oper growth of plant life.
We herewith give the mineral constituents of soils, which are as follows: —
Potash, Lime, Silica,
Soda, Phosphorus Pentoxide, Chlorine,
Magnesia, Sulphur Teroxide, Ferric Oxide,
and Aluminum.
66
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 8).
A. 1890
As remarked, these are all necessary to plant growth, with the exception of
aluminum. But it is not sufficient to ensure a healthy plant growth to know that
these materials exist in the soil, but they must exist in a proper proportion, and.
not only so, but they must also be in a condition rendering them available as
plant food ; that is to say, that although the mineral constitutents of soils consti-
tute from 75 to 85 per cent, and in some instances even more of the soil, strange
as it may appear, there is only from one to three per cent, available as plant food
at any one time ; but, as one authority puts it " although the percentage is small
relatively it is very considerable positively, amounting to from one to three tons
per acre of ten inches in depth. But while the amount available for plant food
at any one time seems so small proportionately an immense store exists in most
soils in a dormant condition, which through proper cultivation and cropping and
by exposure to the disintergrating solvent influences of heat, frost, air and
moisture is thereby dissolved and rendered available for successive croppino-.
We would also observe here that the properties most valuable and hence most
essential to plant growth are those which occur in least quantitie'^. in the soil, and
it is for this reason that potash and phosphoric acid are so highly valued as appli-
cations for land.
As the fertility of the soil depends on the minimum of the essential ingre-
dients and not the maximum of the others, any system of cropping that draws
excessively on any one or more of the fertilizing elements essential to plant
growth is termed over-cropping, and a continuance of that systenx will most
assuredly result in the reducing of the land to a state of sterility.
But, as we observed, the chemical properties of soils differ and the proportion
of each also varies in different soils ; but the relative proportion of those chemical
constitutents necessary to plant growth also varies with the different kinds of
crops to be produced.
Therefore upon a proper understanding of the relationship that exists between
the chemical constituents of the various kinds of crops intended to be raised, and
the extent to which the soil is fitted to supply those fertilizing elements, is the
condition upon which the advantages of rotation of crops as compared to the
evils of over-cropping is truly based.
To make 'this more clear we give the following statement, by Playfair,
showing the inorganic or mineral constituents removed from an acre of land by a
stated crop of wheat, turnips and clover, three of the crops most generally grown
by Ontario farmers, and for that reason will serve as an illustration as well as any
we can take : —
1
Wheat.
Turnips.
Clover.
25
Bushels.
3,000 lbs.
of straw.
20
tons roots.
6
tons tops.
2 tons of
hay.
Potash
Soda
lbs.
7.49
.97
3.07
lbs.
18.21
.90
4.11
lbs.
125.73
22.98
12.27
37.87
31.11
42.26
11.66
3.71
28.69
21.71
lbs.
75.95
16.23
9.27
69.81
27.87
36.56
2.58
2.58
38.15
21.00
lbs.
52
7
35
Lime
.86 1 9.34
11.47 8.15
.08 5.82
.84 101.82
.20 ' 1 S5>
111
20
Sulphuric Acid
13
10
3
.03
.33
8
Carbonic Acid
25
150
340
300
259
67
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
While that table or statement may not be absolutely correct for all localities
and under all circumstances, we may confidently take it as being fairly represen-
tative of the mineral constituents removed from the soil by these crops. Now
we do not expect these figures will be remembered, but they explain certain
areneral facts which should ever be borne in mind.
In the first place we observe different parts of the same plant require differ-
ent quantities and kinds of plant food, as for instance, the potash in the grain of
wheat is about 7^ lbs., and in the straw 18 1-6 lbs, for each acre giving a yield
of 25 bushels of grain.
We also note that for less than 1 lb. of silica required in the production of
the grain, there is over 100 lbs. found in the straw. It will also be seen that the
total amount of inorganic or mineral properties removed by the wheat is only 25
lbs., while that taken by the straw is 150 lbs.
At first thought this seems improbable, but it is accounted for in that the
CTrain of wheat draws largely from the organic constituents of soils, such as
starch, gum, sugar, cellulose, etc.
Again, if we compare the different crops, Ave find that turnips remove nearly
eidit times as much, and clover twice as much potash from the soil as wheat.
Also while a crop of wheat requires only about 2 lbs. ot soda, turnips need nearly
40 lbs., and clover 7 lbs. On the other hand we observe further, that while wheat
including straws requires 185 lbs. of silica, turnips only need a little over 13
lbs., and clover 10 lbs.
So we might multiply comparisons with other crops, as for instance, the
o-rain of oats requires nearly twice as much potash and five times as much lime
as wheat, and the grain of barley takes 26 times as much silica as an equivalent
crop of wheat, the silica in the latter going to the straw, but in the former to the
chaff or hull covering the grain.
These illustrations and comparisons clearly show that a succession of crops
that require a larger percentage of any one or more of the fertilising properties
than the soil contains, must very soon exhaust the soil of those constituents. It
is also equally clear, that as different crops require different percentages of nourish-
ment, a system of rotation that calls for a removal from the soil of the fertilising
elements as nearly as possible in proportion as they exist in the soil, is the only
one that can be adopted with safety for any length of time. And further, as we
have already observed, that there is only from 1 to 3 per cent, of the mineral
constituents of the soil available as plant food at any one time, any method of
cropping that tends towards rendering dormant plant food active, demands a first
consideration. The benefits resulting from a rotation of crops as opposed to the
constant growing of any one kind of crop in this respect, are manifest to any
thoughtful mind.
This is clearly demonstrated by the raising of a hoe crop, which through the
constant tilling, loosening and stirring of the soil leaves it open and porous, and as
a sponge acts towards water, so it acts towards the air, sucking it in and extracting
therefrom as it passes through the pores of the soil, carbonic acid, nitrogen, and
other chemical constituents essential to plant life. And further, by the free
admittance of oxygen into the soil, a more complete and rapid decay of vegetable
matter takes place, resulting in the evolution of carbon dioxide and ammonia,
both of which are valuable fertilisers. And again, through the free action of the
air and a more complete decomposition of vegetable matter, the aeration of the
soil is facilitated, rendering it sweeter by the removal of sour and acrid acids,
that are injurious to plant growth. The improvements thus affected allows the
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53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
roots to strike down deeper, and extract nourishment from the subsoil for the
growing plants.
And so the production of a cultivated crop necessitates such treatment, that
the soil i% producing a crop and at the same time is being enriched for further
cropping. Again, in the production of a crop of clover the principle holds good,
but rather in a different way.
The roots of clover being long, large and fibrous, they extract from the sub-
soil potash and nitrogen to a large extent, besides other valuable ingredients, and
after supplying the crop to be removed, the roots remaining in the ground still
retain a ver3" large amount of those properties most valuable and most essential
to plant growth, and as soon as the ground is plowed those roots will decay,,
liberating the fertilising elements, and leaving them in the best possible condition
for succeeding crops to feed thereon. In addition to the direct benefits just
referred to following the decay of the roots, there is a free access of air during
the growth of the clover as well as in the decomposition of the roots, improving
the quality and texture of the soil as we have just referred to above. It will
thus be seen that some crops may be grown, and at the same time be helpful in
liberating the dormant constituents of soils, and thereby rendering it available
for plant food.
The habits of growth with different crops argue in favor of a rotation of
crops. This is seen in that all crops vary more or less in their manner of searching
for and appropriating to themselves, the food necessary to their growth.
Some of our crops are termed " deep rooted," and others " shallow rooted."
Crops like peas or barley which draw their nourishment from the surface soil, are
better suited to precede a crop of wheat than would oats, it being rather a deep'
rooted crop like wheat.
Sir J. B. Lawes, an eminent English scientist, experimented with wheat
and barley, by planting the seed in pots. The result of his experiments is given
as follows :
" While only one fibre of barley found its way through the bottom of the
pot, the wheat threw out such a mass of ramifications, that the whole surface of
the dish in which the pot rested was covered with a thick net-work of roots, as-
also was the bottom, and to a great extent the sides of the inside of the pot itself.
The barley roots were congregated nearer the surface, and were more sparingly
developed."
The information thus obtained clearly demonstrates the advantages of sowing
deep and shallow rooted crops alternately as far as practicable, giving the soil
time for recuperation, instead of a continuous cropping with the same kind of
crop, which draws the same nourishment from the soil, and in the same way year
by year. Another advantage resulting from a rotation of crops, is seen in that
some crops are specially suited to precede others, because of their physical or
mechanical action on the soil, luhereby the physical character of the soil is altered
and. improved. Notably in this respect is clover or meadow land.
When the sod is plowed under the process of decomposition that goes on>
not onl}^ renders plant food existing in the roots and sod itself available, as we
have already shown, but it also acts as a solvent and preparer of plant food,
hitherto lying in a dormant condition in the soil. The benefits accruing in this
connection are particularly manifest on heavy or clay soils, whereby they are
rendered more open, and through the I'ree percolation of water, and admittance
of air, are brought into a much better condition for cultivation and further
croppping.
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53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
On sandy soils the benefits are perhaps not less important, in that the decayed
vegetable products besides enriching the soil, tends also to give it more consistency.
Again, while the decay of vegetable matter is going on, there is a heat generated,
which facilitates the growth of any crop that may be sown thereon. This is
clearly observed in the growth of corn or peas on a sod plowed under, as com-
pared to stubble or bare land. A clover sod is also known to be admirably suited
to precede fall wheat. This is due in a large measure no doubt to clover roots
being rich in nitrogen, ammonia, potash, etc., which on their decay is appropriated
by the roots of the wheat, but undoubtedly there is also a warmth of soil
generated, that is favorable to a large healthy growth of the wheat plant.
Another consideration under the head of "physical action, is the better natural
drainage to the soil that is favored by the frequent plowing under of a sod, in
that it keeps the land more open, allowing any excess of water to drain off the
more readily.
A rotation of crops is advisable, inasmuch as some crops differ largely in their
capability of self supply .
Some crops draw largely from the air for nourishment, while others seek for
food in the soil almost exclusively. Large leafed crops, such as peas, corn, clover,
etc., are known to extract nitrogen, carbonic acid and ammonia, from the air, and
for that reason should precede or follow crops that depend solely on the soil for
nourishment.
A system of crop rotation is again advisable, in that it presupposes or renders
necessary the keeping of a sufficient quantity of stock to consume the coarse feeds
produced on the farm. Any attempt at farming, without keeping stock to con-
vert the fodders and coarse feeds into the various live stock products, and have
the manure to return again to the land, will soon result in the impoverishment of
the soil, and bankruptcy to the one who attempts it.
But some one may say, that over-cropping does not necessarily imply that
stock cannot be kept. In answer, we hold that if it does not follow that no stock
can be kept, it emphatically renders the keeping of far less stock, and what is kept
is done so at a decided disadvantage. It is an admitted fact that all stock require
a variety of feeding stuffs, just as much as plants require a variety of food. If
grain is grown exclusively, it is impossible to winter stock profitably on the straw
and grain that comes therefrom. If roots are raised, they cannot be fed profitably
except in conjunction with straw or fodders, and if hay is grown, grain of some
kind or roots is necessary to produce fat.
Hence if the rotation of crops rendered the keeping of more stock a necessity,
it would be a strong argument in its favor, but there is a more positive benefit in
that it makes it possible to keep a great deal more, to keep them better, and also
at a much less expense proportionately.
So in the keeping of stock and converting the feed into money on the farm,
there is a strong argument in favor of a .system of rotation. But that is not all,
there is also a reflex advantage or benefit resulting therefrom, in that the crops
being fed largely on the farm, the manure product is still on hand as stock in
trade, to be again returned to the soil, and thus help towards the production
of further crops.
The advantages of a rotation of crops are again evident in that it favors the
utilization of the manure product of the fariu with the least possible waste.
As the chemical constituents natural to soils go to produce pl?nt life, so also
do those fertilJsing properties, especially the mineral, enter into the composition of
the manure with but little variation proportionately, to that in which they existed
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53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
in the crops. So on the same principle that the production of a variety of crops
has been demonstrated as essential to the proper utilization of the chemical con-
stituents of soils, so also does it hold good with reference to a proper and economi-
cal utilization of natural or barnyard manure.
We have thus far devoted our attention mainly to show the advantages arising
from a rotation of crops, because of the relation existing between plant life and
the necessary fertilizing elements that enter into the composition of crops, and also
attendant conditions and influences, by which soils and crops are afifected.
We will now devote a short space to observe some of the evils consequent
upon the practice of overcropping. These are of course the converse of the
advantages of a proper system of cropping, and have been made clear in many
ways in the foregoing pages.
But there are evils peculiar to overcropping, some of which we will endeavor
to show.
In our treatment of the subject thus far, we have accorded clover a very high
position as a desirable crop to raise in a proper system of rotation. So much so
in fact that it might be argued by some if clover is so desirable a crop to raise,
why not grow it more fully, or even exclusively ?
We answer there are objections just as serious as to the continuous production
of any other kind of crop.
In the first place, clover is for the most part an annual crop. That is, the
second crop from the one seeding would not pay were it not for the timothy that
is sown and supplants the clover in the second crop. Hence to grow clover at all,
somewhat of a system of rotation must be adopted.
But in the growing of clover, as well as any other crop, but even to a greater
extent, there is an unusual drain upon the soil in a manner peculiar to clover,
and also of chemical properties, that are of the most valuable nature, and yet are
not very abundant in the soil. Practical experience has demonstrated clearly
that the teachings of science on this subject are correct, inasmuch as the practice
of growing clover too frequently on the same soil, has given rise to the expression
used in reference to certain soils or farms, that they are " clover sick."
Being a deep rooted plant its nourishment is largely derived from the subsoil,
which at best is not rich in available plant food. Yet by allowing a reasonable
lapse of time between the production of deep rooted crops requiring the same
kinds of plant food, through the chemical action of air, frost, rain, etc., dormant
matter is released and deep rooted crops may again be grown with profit.
Again, the same arguments hold good in regard to the raising of turnips. If
they were grown but a few times in succession on the same soil, there would be
such a drain on the potash that each succeeding crop would be perceptibly poorer
than the former one, and it is very doubtful if the third crop, even on naturally
good land would pay for the labor bestowed in raising them unless some manure
rich in potash were applied to supply the lack. And furthermore if the soil
became exhausted of any one of the ingredients necessary to plant growth, the
expense of supplying that one fertilizing element would be infinitely more
relatively than to supply a variety of the ingredients necessary to plant growth.
The source from whence the farmers of Ontario derive the supply of manure
necessary to keep up the fertility of the soil, is that made through the consumption
of the coarse feeds of various kinds grown on the farm. The manure thus made,
like the crops grown, has not a superabundance of any one kind of the fertilizing
constituents, nor can it be handled in a way to make it otherwise to any consider-
able extent.
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53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8;. A. 1890
Hence, if a farmer wanted more than a usual amount of, say, potash for any-
one field it could not be supplied from the barnyard without putting on at the
same time an over-supply of some of the other chemical constituents. If that
plan were adopted those ingredients that were not required in the soil would in a
large measure be lost. And that would not be the only evil, for an over-supply
of some properties is just as much to be guarded against as an insufficient supply.
For instance, if an excessive amount of nitrogen or ammonia prevails in the soil,
the crops will grow too soft, and luxuriant in the straw, and thereby be subject
to rust and mildew, or lodge, and in consequence thereof yield but a light and
indifferent sample of grain. If artificial fertilizers were resorted to, to any
considerable extent, the expense would be so great as to be a standing menace to-
the farmer who through is folly in over-cropping, rendered such an expedient
necessary. The question that natuially presents itself here is : What system of
rotation is the best to adopt ? Our reply is that no fixed order of rotation can be
laid down as the one that should be followed under all circumstances, and in all
localities, without reference to the nature and quality of the soil, the kinds
and quantity of stock kept, distance from markets and many other considerations-
that must be weighed in the balances of a calm discriminating judgment.
The rotation generally known as the " Norfolk, or four-course system " has
long been in vogue in England, but for the Canadian agriculturists it is far too
short to obtain favor here. It is as follows : — (1) Clover or mixed grasses, (2)
wheat or oats, (3) roots of various kinds, and (4) barley and re-seed. The
objections are that it does not provide for, or admit of growing as many kinds of
crops as are found desirable to raise here. Besides, not admitting of sufficient
variety, it is very difficult to adhere to for any length of time without in a measure
impoverishing the soil.
One that to our mind might be laid down as suited to our soils, climate and
methods of farming generally, and might almost be made of universal application
or taken as a basis to work from, and modified slightly to suit different soils and
conditions would be the following : — (1) Clover, (2) peas, (3) fall wheat, (4) oats,
(5) roots, and (G) barley or spring wheat and re-seed to meadow. The clover
sod plowed under is undoubtedly the best possible ground upon which to raise
a crop of peas, as more than any other cereal (unless barley), they need dry warm^
soil to facilitate a vigorous rapid growth. Where available, we would recommend
applying a coat of manure before ploughing the sod under. The manure thus
put on would, through the heat generated in the decomposition that would take
place, facilitate the growth of the pea crop, and at the same time becoming
incorporated in the soil pretty thoroughly would be in excellent condition for the
succeeding crop, fall wheat, to utilize at once and with the least possible waste-
Besides, the decayed sod and manure together would put the ground in a very
mellow and porous condition just such as wheat most requires. Again, peas being
a shallow rooted crop, they would be in order after clover a deep rooted plant.
And so also would wheat for the same reason be in order, it being deep rooted,,
the opposite from peas.
The next crop in the rotation is oats. But some may object on the ground
of its being a deep feeder, and should not succeed wheat. To a certain extent it
is true, though oats may be said to occupy rather an intermediate position in this
regard. But as oats require plant food that is quite dissimilar from that which a
crop of wheat draws largely from, it is quite in order to come after wheat.
In our experience, ground that is in a fit condition to produce a good crop of
wheat, may always be depended upon to give a good crop of oats the following,
year.
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53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
Roots succeed next in the rotation. The ground by this time will be in need
of a cleaning crop, which is favored by the growing of turnips, mangolds, corn, etc.
A liberal application of manure should alwa3^s be made to ground intended for
roots. They are an expensive crop to raise, and being of rapid growth they need
rich soil in order to return a profitable crop. Following the roots, comes barley
or spring wheat. Barley as a rule succeeds best, as the roots have removed very
little from the soil requisite to the growth of barley. It is also a shallow feeder,
and properly succeeds roots. The ground being also clean and mellow, it is in
excellent condition for seeding down again with grass seeds.
If summer fallowing be adopted it could take the place in a measure of the
root crops for cleaning the land, while a slight variation might be made, to furnish
land sufficient to devote to roots. And again, if it were thought desirable to seed
to clover more frequently, we would by all means advocate seeding down the
land intended for root crops, or for summer fallowing, as by the time it would be
necessary to work the land in the spring, the clover w^ould be far enough advanced
to be of infinitely more value as a fertilizer than what it cost for seea and labor
of sowing.
We will now proceed to consider some of the
Practical Advantages
resulting from a system of rotation as compared to the evils of over-cropping.
A system of rotation favors a better division of the labor. The question of
farm labor is one of such paramount importance that all the operations connected
with the management and working of the farm must be conducted with a due
regard thereto. A rotation of crops calls for a more equal distribution of the
labor over the whole year and as a natural consequence the husbandman is
enabled to till the soil infinitely better and more economically than where the
farm is devoted mainly to the production of any one kind of crop. For instance,
if a farmer had! 100 acres to put under crop each year, and he devoted say 40
acres to spring grain, 10 acres to a hoe crop, and 25 acres each to meadow and fall
wheat, there would not be a time, from early spring to late in the fall when
tilling operations could not be carried on. If the ground intended for spring
crops were plowed in the fall, as it should be, there would be ample time for
getting in the spring crop without the employment of any extra help. As soon
as the spring crop is in, the preparation of the ground for roots would need to be
attended to, anc*. by the time that would be completed or very soon after, the
clover crop would be ready to take off, giving opportunity, if so desired, for
plowing and getting in order ground that would be admirably suited for fall
wheat. On the other hand, should a farmer raise say spring wheat, oats, barley
or any spring grain, exclusively, owing to the shortness of our seasons, and the
necessity for getting the grain sown as quickly as possible after the ground
becomes in a fit condition for seeding, it would .simply be impossible to till the
ground as it should be, without keeping more horses and employing more help,
than would be sufficient imder a system of mixed husbandary. The same idea
also holds goods, should fall wheat be the crop raised. From the time our crop
is removed until it would be necessary to re-sow, the time would be so limited
that the land could not be worked sufficiently, (even though other conditions were
favorable) to ensure anything like a remunerative crop. Of all crops raised, there
is none that calls for a more thorough tillage of the soil prior to seeding time
than fall wheat. The ground being almost invariably dry and hard then, it needs
to be thoroughly worked and pulverized to be in a fit condition to absorb the
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53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
moisture from the atmosphere, as well as retain any that may come from dews
or an occasional shower. And further, owing to the severity of our winters, and
succeeding spring frosts on fall wheat, it is absolutely essential that the plant
obtains a good healthy growth in the fall in order to withstand the trying ordeal
through which it must inevitably pass. In order to this end moisture alone will
not suffice, even with our best soils, but suitable plant food must be in the best
possible available condition. But as we have shown that has been rendered
utterly impracticable, as scarcely any time has been allowed for the recuperation
of the soil, after the drain that has just been made on it.
So also in regard to the harvesting of the crop. If a variety were sown as
we have intimated, the maturing of those crops would extend over a considerable
leno-th of time, favoring their being garnered in at just the proper time and also
much more cheaply than if they ripened at the one time, making it necessary to
engage considerable extra help just when wages are abnormally high.
Another practical advantage resulting from a rotation of crops is the division
of the risk.
The almost numberless insect enemies to which all our crops are subject to
from the time the seed is put in the ground till the crops are garnered in, the
climatic changes from excessive wet to extreme drought, from frost and heat,
from storms of hail and wind, from rust and blight, all argue in favor of the
growth of a variety of crops.
If one kind of crop is unduly affected by any of the hindrances to a proper
oTOwth and mature development, another may not be. In fact from our geo-
graphical position, and the physical conditions by which we are affected, a failure
of all our crops in any one year has never been known, and in the natural order
of things is not likely ever to occur.
The great chain of lakes to the west and south of us ; the large bodies of
inland waters to our north, and the countless springs and streams all over the
province no doubt serve as a safeguard from a widespread or continuous extreme
of wet or drought, or devastating storms extennding over a large expanse of
terintory such as is being continually experienced in the Western and South
Western States.
Our vast forests have doubtless served a like purpose, and if due care and
attention is given to the protection of our forests and to the planting of young
trees we may confidently expect nature to smile on us in the future as she has
done in the past. Hence we claim that if any one kind of crop fails because of
local conditions another may not, and as we have shown is not likely in the
natural order of things ever to occur. Again, the risk is divided by the produc-
tion of a variety of crops, inasmuch as the prices for all our cereals fluctuate to
such an extent, and frequently so unexpectedly, that a less price has to be accepted
than what it has cost to produce the article.
If India, Eussia, America and all the great wheat growing countries have a
universally good crop, there is a,n over-production, and consequently low, and as
but recently was the case, non-paying prices for the Canadian wheat producer.
If more barley is raised in any one year than what is needed for malting purposes
for that year, the maltsters take advantage of the situation and prices fall abnor-
mally low. So with regard to oats, peas, or in fact any crop, if there is an over-
production for immediate consumption speculators and dealers are made aware of
the fact and in many instances prices are forced even lower than they should be.
But still the producer must take just what he can get, or hold his grain over,
which latter expedient but seldom pays.
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53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
Again, arguing from the premises that a rotation of crops favors stock raising
in its various branches and thereby favoring the best possible system with a view
to maintaining a high state of fertility, it is therefore clear that the risk to the
one who gives this system prominence is far less than to him who relies on grain
growing for his returns. But we would feel we had not given this phase of the
subject the prominence its importance demands did we not lay special stress on
the certainty of profits that flow to and the high vantage ground that the stock
raiser and producer of the various kinds of live stock products occupies as com-
pared to that of the grain raiser.
Our rich natural grasses, adaptability of soil and climate to produce a variety
of suitable foods and to promote health and mature development of stock, as well
as the production of the highest quality of dairy products, and the high position
to which these industries have been brought through the dissemination of know-
ledge and close attention to their interest, and the remunerative prices that have
been realized in the past all argue in favor of our devoting our attention more
and more to that system of farming that tends to the furtherance of these
industries.
A rotation of crops as opposed to over-croppiug tends to a more complete
■eradication of noxious weeds.
Cleanliness in farming is one of the first essentials to success. Any system
of cropping or method of farming that does not take into account the necessity of
providing against the spread of the various kinds of foul weeds that have obtained
a foothold throughout the land must most emphatically be condemned.
Professor Buckland, in alluding to the thistle a few years ago, said, " Unless
some efficient means be promptly employed to check and so far as possible to
eradicate it, I believe that where it has obtained a foothold of the ground success-
ful husbandry will soon become a matter of impracticability." If after the lapse
■of some seven or eight years the facts have justified that statement, and we believe
they have, how incumbent it is for the farmers to guard as far as possible against
not only the spread of thistles but other foul weeds as well. The Canada thistle
is bad enough, but with mustard, red root, wild flax, rag weed, couch grass, wild
oats and many other noxious weeds to contend against, we may well ask what
shall the end be ?
Next to summer fallowing (and even that might fairly be considered as part
of a system of rotation) we hold there is no better preventive to the growth and
spread of foul weeds than by exercising a proper judgment in the adaptation of
the crops to the conditions of the soil. In a system of cropping, the raising of
roots of various kinds, corn for soiling and ensilage purposes and hay crops of
either clover, timothy or other grasses must always be recommended as tending
to promote cleanliness. There is scarcely any kind of foul weeds that cannot be
controlled and put back to a greater or less extent by the growth of the above
crops if properly managed. If a full rotation is observed and a portion of the
land be devoted to growth of fall wheat yearly, by summer fallowing a bare field
or making a bastard fallow by breaking up a sod from which a crop of hay has
been removed a great deal can be done towards killing thistles, rag weed, wild
oats and other noxious weeds. Even the thorough working of the ground from
which a crop of peas or barley has been taken, if commenced at once upon the
removal of the crops while the ground is dry, will be found very effective in kill-
ing thistles. But if on the other hand, red root or wild flax exists in the land,
the preparation of the soil for fall wheat, as advocated above, is all but useless in
their destruction, if not positively promotive of their growth. Their seeds do
not germinate till late in the fall, usually not till or after the wheat has been
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53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A 1890
sown, and then they ripen some two or three weeks before the wheat and reseed
the ground to such an extent that if fall wheat were sown but a few times in
succession after these weeds had once obtained a foothold in the soil, they would
multiply so rapidly that in a very short time the wheat would be almost com-
pletely crowded out. However, should a rotation be observed, ground infested
with these weeds should be worked as though fall wheat were intended to be
sown thereon, and then left, giving the seeds opportunity to germinate. Then by
plowing or thoroughly cultivating in the spring again all that made a start in
the fall would be destroyed and there would not be any further growth of them
till the next fall, when possibly seeds lying dormant in the soil from former seed-
ing would now germinate. But on the other hand, again, if spring crops were
grown exclusively, owing to the necessity for the crops being sown as soon as the
ground is dry enough to work, there would be but little opportunity to destroy
thistles. Besides the ground is usually so moist at that season of the year that
thistle roots cannot be killed at all. Spudding was at one time resorted to, but
owing to the almost universal hold they have upon our farms, that method has
been discarded in most instances as an utter impracticability. So we see where
spring cereals are raised there is but little opportunity afforded in the early part
of the season for the destruction of this great pest. But some one may ask, can
it not be done after the removal of the crop ? Occasionally it may to a limited
extent. If the crop is harvested in good time and the ground is .still dry, plowing
and thoroughly cultivating at that season will accomplish much towards their
eradication. But as soon as the fall rains come on and the nights become cool,
further tilling only tends to a subdivision of the roots, which facilitates their
multiplication rather than subjugation. So we might enlarge on this phase of
the subject almost indefinitely did space permit, showing that while some crops
tended much to the crowding out of foul weeds others protected and facilitated
their growth. But one thing is clear, that where a rotation of crops is adopted
there can be a better adaptation of the crop to the condition of the land, and the
whole arrangement of the year's work may be laid out with a view to effective-
ness and economy of labor in promoting cleanliness and freedom from foul weeds.
There are various other aspects of the question which support a rotation of crops
under this head, but space forbids a further discussion.
Another advantage that a rotation of crops presents in opposition to over-
cropping, and the last one we shall consider in this essay, is seen in that it tends
to and renders possible a more systematic arrangement of all the operations con-
nected with the management and working of the farm.
In all departments of business life, whether it be in a manufacturing
establishment, in mercantile or commercial life, in the management of financial
institutions or in educational departments, it has long been a recognized necessity
in order to success that the work must be systematized as much as possible. We
hold that in no less degree should the principle be recognized with reference to
the successful working of the farm. Not that it is expedient, or advisable, that
men be trained to do some specific kind of work and that only, as in a manu-
facturing establishment, but rather that the general division and arrangement of
the work be so adjusted that there shall not be any more work at any one time
requiring to be done than what there is sufficient help to perform properly and to
do it at j ust the right time. And also, that there be sufficient work always on
hand to keep the teams and men as fully employed as possible without over-
crowding. The advantages thus accruing are self-evident : (1) More work can be
accomplished ; (2) it can be done with less worry and friction ; (3) it can be
performed much more effectively, and (4) it can be done at a much less,
expense.
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53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
There are otiier considerations that might be discussed in this connection but
they have incidentally or directly been brought out under the heads, " Economy
of labor or the division of risk."
There is perhaps no business or occupation that demands as close application
and careful management in all its varied departments as that demanded of a pro-
gressive and successful agriculturist. The time was when physical strength and
endurance was thought to be the prime requisite to success on the farm. When
our land was thickly covered with timber and our soils were rich in their virgin
fertility, there was indeed more call for physical energy and less of mental culture
and intelligent study than at the present time, but under the changed condition
of affairs there is an almos limitless field for study and research before the agri-
culturist who would master all the fundamental principles that underlie the art
of true husbandry and bring his every-day practice in the varied branches of
agricultural pursuits into harmony with those principles.
A thorough and extensive knowledge is of itself but of little value towards
success. It must be coupled with close and persistent practical application. It
has been well observed that no branch of farming requires more sagacity and
skill than a proper rotation of crops. But yet good rotations do not necessarily
insure good farming. They are but a means to an end. But undoubtedly good
farming cannot prevail without a due regard to a proper rotation.
As agriculture is undoubtedly the chief corner-stone upon which is reared up
a nation's prosperity, the Council of the Agriculture and Arts Association of
Ontario have displayed a commendable and patriotic spirit by offering liberal
prizes in competition for essays on a subject of such general and vital importance
as that discussed in the foregoing pages, viz.: The advantages of rotation of crops
as compared to the evils of over-cropping.
M. S. SCHELL,
Woodstock.
THE ADVANTAGE OF ROTATION OF CROPS AS COMPARED WITH
THE EVIL OF OVERCROPPING.
To which ivas awarded the Second Prize.
The subject title of this essay resolves itself into three heads :
First. — Advantages.
Second. — Evils.
Third. — Their comparisons.
We cannot therefore do better than discuss it under these heads, out of them
endeavoring to elicit information which will make more lucid the principles
•embodied in the subject.
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63 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
First — Advantages of Crop Eotation.
(1) It is in accordance with the principles which govern plant growth.
There is, in the best possibly managed rotation the minimum drain upon soil
fertility considering the amount of crops removed. It is a commonly quoted axiom
in agricultural chemistry, that no two crops feed in like manner or to the same
degree upon soil constituents. This is in fact one of the foundational principles
of rotation. Knowing the results of this we follow a leguminous crop with a
cereal and vice versa ; we sow a shallow rooted crop after a deep rooted, and thus
in like manner depending upon the breadth of our rotation, we obtain the greatest
return from the soil with the least exhaustion thereof. Neither do those crops
which feed upon similar soil constituents draw in equally great measure from the
supply.
The clover and wheat crops for instance are both large feeders upon nitro-
genous constituents of the soil, but it is estimated that the clover crop removes
upwards of one-hundred pounds more nitrogen from an acre of ground than doe&
the wheat crop. Rye stands in much the same relationship to clover as does,
wheat. It requires twice as much phosphoric acid to perfect a crop of wheat as
is required for a crop of grass, while in potash they require similar amounts. On
the contrary mangels require twice as much potash as clover and four times as-
much as grass. And thus throughout do we find that variety of crops require
variety of food both as to kind and quality. Again some crops are seemingly
preparatory for others. It is well known that a crop of peas leaves the land in,
excellent condition for the growth of fall wheat, clover (red) is also an excellent
preparatory crop for this cereal. The pea crop is also a good one to precede wheat,,
while barley usually does remarkably well after a hoed crop such as turnips,
mangels, or corn. There are various reasons given for this, but it is not however
fully understood. While clover feeds largely upon nitrogenous compounds it yet
leaves the surface soil richer in available nitrogen than before. Peas act much in
the same manner, in fact it seems a power peculiarly strong in leguminous plants..
Clover is supposed to have the power of taking up the nitrogen of the air by its
foliage to a greater extent than most of the plants. It is believed also that it can
feed upon some nitrogenous compounds from which other plants are unable to
extract nutriment. The theory is also advanced that such leafv crops as clover
may by shading the ground and keeping it moist bring about those conditions
most suitable for the ferment to work, which causes nitrification, resulting in the-
formation of nitrates which can be utilised as plant food. Then it is readily seen
that the broader the rotation if intelligently carried out, the more fully do we
accord with the principles of plant growth. It will be seen from what has just
been said that the amount of any particular plant constituent removed from the
soil is not necessarily the gauge of soil exhaustion. For example, it is generally
known that is not the wisest policy to manure clover with nitrogenous fertilizers,,
though it is an enormous feeder upon such material, since it has largely the power
in itself to supply with these. Neither do we usually manure mangels with
potash fertilizers though they ren)ove upwards of two-hundred and seventy
pounds per acre of that constituent. The varied capacity of crops to assimilate
difierent forms of plant food is another reason of the economy of a rotation. One
of the most notable distinctions in regard to this is afibrded by the manner in
which the various crops use silica. Apparently cereals and grasses are capaV:)le of
assimilating many of the silicates while other crops exhibit no such capacity.
The power of rootage as evidenced by different plants is another striking fact in
favor o£" rotation of crops, the deep rooted playing into the hands of the shallow
78
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
rooted. Acting upon this knowledge such crops as clover (red), sainfoin, mangels,
rye, wheat, and peas, should precede such as barley and oats ; upon land where the
subsoil is fairly rich such crops as root deeply will be of direct benefit to the farm,
by drawing upon the lower stores of plant food, since all manurial constituents
received from the subsoil is just so much direct gain. In case of deep rooted
green crops the advantage is very evident, since in the plowing of them down or
feeding upon the land the stores of food brought from the subsoil are conserved
in the surface soil for less deep rooted plants, especially in the case of the ash
constituents.
Let us refer to another peculiar benefit resulting from crop rotation, viz.
(2) Greater facilties for cultivation.
There are soils which cultivation means all to the crop, or nearly so. It
becomes evident that where rotation is practically unheeded and overcropping
prevalent that tillage will of necessity be limited to certain modes and seasons.
The same round will be practised and improvement will be slow. Some plants
allow a longer time to till the soil than others. Thus the period of cultivation
for root crops, corn, rape, etc., is much more prolonged than for fall wheat or any
of the cereals. It is also done at different seasons of the year — a practical benefit.
By following a first class system of rotation, cultivation may extend in the
various crops from April to November ; while in a circumscribed system of
cropping, tillage is confined to one or two periods of the year, obviously a great
Drawback. Where land is cropped year after year by the same or similar crops
the fertilizers applied will never be used to the fullest advantage. First class
tillage is also a great aid to root development, an especially important considera-
tion in dry seasons or on soils having a rich subsoil.
(3) Flotation secures the best mechanical and chemical condition of soils.
The former depends almost wholly upon tillage and the character of the cropping.
The mechanical condition of clay soils and the heavier classes of clay loams is of
such paramount importance that any system of agriculture which hinders to any
marked degree its fullest accomplishment is at once unrecognizable. Almost any
one can point to examples of cla}^ soils, which under excessive cropping with its
almost inevitable accompanist, inefficient tillage, have almost completly locked up
their stores of plant food. Chemical action becomes inert and they are practically
a sealed book to any but him who understands and practices the higher recoo-nized
laws of plant life. The wider the variation in crops the more complete is likely
to be the mechanical condition of the soil. The pea crop, e. g. leaves the soil
comparatively loose, when we consider the usual state of the soil after a crop of
wheat, rye, barley, or oats. Such matters may seem small when compared with
the great breadth of cultivation but they are the pins which hold the timbers
together ; the mortar of the masonry, the gems which together constitute the
magnificence of the crown.
(4) Another important benefit in common with crop rotation is less likeli-
hood of invasions of noxious insects and fungi, which, however, will be discussed
under the evils of over-cropping. We proceed to notice the last division under
this head, viz. :
(5) Breadth of rotation enables us to tide over a calamity in the yield or
price of crops. The evils of over-cropping are due in large measure to the one-
sidedness of the system of farming (?) with which they are invariably associated.
79
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
We find a gratifying converse to this in tlie broader system of crop rotation.
Does the pea bug (Brochus pisi) destroy in large measure the pea crop, we have
a variety of other feeding stuffs to taking its place ; is the clover midge (Geci-
domyia leguminicola) at work destroying our prospect of clover seed, we have no
need to be despondent ; does one of the many insect enemies of the wheat plant
get in its deadly work, we have still many other crops sufficient to guarantee our
daily bread. In short, despite our insect enemies which never come in hordes, we
can manage in the majority of seasons to keep the balance on the right side of
the ledger. On the other hand, if a wet season causes a failure of the pea crop,
we find our oat crop usually very good, as also our root crops. If an unusually
long period of drouth sets in, affecting prejudicially our whole crop, we are
enabled b)^ persistent surface cultivation to preserve at least some of the crops in
a passably thrifty condition. And thus is it ever with the man who does not keep
all his pickles in one jar. The trying labor question finds in this system of farming
a co-operative agent of no mean executive ability. The nearer the farmer of to-
day can come to supplying an equality of labor during twelve months of the year,
the nearer will he be to solving this vexed labor problem. To find oneself at the
commencement of an extremely busy season without the necessary help, is not a
pleasant position. Labor of the right kind may be scarce, but it must be had of
some description at all hazards, what such a case means is too commonly known to
need detailed explanation. In short, we are in no limited measure dependent upon
a broad well advised rotation of crops, with all the term implies, for the certain-
ties of the agricultural profession.
II — The Evils of Over-cropping.
{a) Undue soil exhaustion :
There may and almost certainly will be some rotation, even in a system of
over-cropping. But it is a rotation practise without a rotation's benefit. The term
over-cropping as generally understood, signifies the continuous cropping of land
with the same or similar crops, without any variation but what this simple plan
affords. Thus on some soils which have come under our observation, wheat and
barley have succeeded each other for years without cessation. Much of the over-
cropping of soils is due to some such practise as this. The inevitable result is
soil exhaustion. The generally known clover-sickness is a relevant example of the
point in question. Strictly speaking there is no true rotation in the system.
Another system of over-cropping is repeatedly seen. It is wherever four or five
of the grains are grown, but no grasses or clovers to any measurable extent ;
neither is much stock kept ; green fodders are a nuisance, the grain is nearly all
sold, and in consequence the manure returned to the soil is limited in quantity
and poor in quality. Slowly it may be, but none the less surely, the soil is
exhausted of those constituents required by the crops grown upon it, and little
profit accrues therefrom. These would have the gulden eggs but would sell the
goose that laid them. Such farmers do much toward drawing stigmas of disgrace
upon the profession, but that is about all they do toward it. The evil effects of
such a system continually increase. Smaller crops with all the attendant evils
in their "train result. The stock supporting power of the farm yearly decreases,
the manure supply falls off and the quality degenerates, and thus the round goes
on with ever intensifying strength. Crops grown upon such land becomes a ready
80
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
prey to drouth. The richer the soil, the gieater the amount of plant food at the
imiiiediate disposal of the crop ; while if the roots be forced to travel far in search
of food, a period of drouth may mean the loss of the entire crop. Soils much
exhausted are also prevented from responding readily or fully to the good effects
of rain. The elements of soil fertility are locked up in an insoluble form, owincr
to the non-presence of the best chemical conditions, resultant from good cultiva-^
tion and an abundance of manure.
(6) Over-cropping a hindrance to first-class cultivation :
Rush of work followed by a comparative lull, sucli as is inevitably the case
in a narrowness of cropping, is not conducive to the best interests of cultivation,
and in a system of extreme cropping, good cultivation is of more extreme import-
ance than in the case where intelligent rotation is practised. Since the application
of manure is necessarilv circumscribed, thorough, extended cultivation becomes
imperative. Another injury resulting from the reprehensible practise of imper-
fect and ill-tinied cultivation, is the
(c) Encourageinent of noxious weeds ;
Cultivation at similar periods with the growing of the same crops upon the
same soil year after year, must result in the encouragement of that class of weeds
peculiar to the circuujstances of the case, and while the old-time methods of de-
struction are alone resorted to, they will continue to flourish and to force the o-rain
crop to the wall, till practically .speaking they have full possession. As they gain
foothold the crop necessarily declines, and they have gained added power. With
all crops are found weeds which flourish more certainly there than elsewhere. To
exemplify : The various species of the Lychnis, Lithospermu arvense, Camelina
satina, and Bromus secalinus, find especially congenial surroundings in the fall
wheat crop. The Canada thistle {Girsuini arvense) thrives nowhere perhaps so
well as in the low growing barley crop, on the heavier class of soils, and in many
such ca,ses has become almost master of the situation. The oat crop affords a hidino-
place for the insidious wild oat ; while in the root crops, especially on the lio-ht
soil, foxtail flourishes in all luxuriance. It is thus evident that the extremist of
ona or two crops will of necessity have an abundance of weeds peculiar to such
guardianship. Not only so, but the added difficulty of eradication under such
circumstances, will become a serious factor in his success or failure as an ao-ricul-
turist. Under similarity of conditions, year by year, weeds possess an agoressive
power of no mean significance. Weeds which ripen their seods at or before the
time of harvesting the crop- in which they flouiish, are very difficult to get rid of.
Their seeds fall to the ground, and owing to the peculiarity of some weed seeds to
withstand germination, no amount of after cultivation may induce them to ger-
minate during that season, and springing forth vigorously the following season,
they thus elude the most strenuous efforts of the agriculturist.
{d) Encouragement of noxious insects and fungi :
Not many years ago the wheat producing states of the Union were almost at a
standstill, owing to the extreme ravages of the Hessian fly. Six or seven years
6 (A. A.) 81
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
aero the pea bug almost destroyed the pea crop of Ontario. The past two or three
years the clover seed midge has almost totally destroyed the crop of clover
seed in many parts of Ontario. These difficulties will of course aiise under first-
class rotation conditions, but they are not so prevalent nor their effects so disastrous.
The poverty of soil fertility attendant upon over-cropping, leaves the crop an easy
prey to insect enemies. Fungi are also a great trouble to the farmers ; a source
of as much loss as injurious insects. Owing to the extreme secrecy which veils
them, they a^e most difficult to destro}'. And as with other destroying agents,
they are most hurtful to the man of one idea. To quote an instance : In many of
the New England States, plum culture became a rage ; whole dependence was
placed upon the plum crop, 'i'he 'black knot' struck this section, and the whole
business was irretrievably ruined.
On the newer soils of these same states, where plum culture was not so
much of a specialty, loss from this fungus was reduced to a minimuui. Ergot is
another example of the point in question. It is a peculiar fact that ergot has
rarely been tound where a systematically planned and executed j'otation has been
strictly carried out. Upon old and long established meadows and where rye is a
staple crop this fungus most flourishes. The different smuts and rusts are also
found under like circumstances lo increase most rapidly. I beg leave to quote
the words of W. J. Beal, Professor of Botany and Geology, in the Michigan State
Agricultural College. He says, — " As a I'ule the cultivation of any one crop as a
specialtyj year after year, is risky, and more likely sooner or later to be destroyed
by insects or fungi. In certain places this has been true of wheat, asparagus,
cabbage, lettuce, onions, grapes, pears, peaches. A rotation or a mixture is better
or less dangerous. As a partial remedy strive to keep plants healthy by making
the soil and moisture favorable,"
Nothing succeeds like success. The best conducted farm of to-day bears on
its surface evidence of the breadth of its owner's intelligence in the breadth of its
crop productions. A tree is known by its fruits. Stamped upon its every furrow,
and upon every foot of it are the marks of the master-hand and mind. Do we '
gather forty or fifty bushels per acre of wheat or barley from the soil of the
narrow-minded and narrow-handed agriculturist ? Do we in search of specimens
of the pure breeds of live stock turn in at the gate that opens upon lands where
the Canadian thistle flourishes in undisturbed luxuriance, and where the root
patch and green fodder areas have become synonymous with death in nature ?
Do I paint an overdrawn picture ? No, 'tis but one all too prevalent as the
result and consequence of an hungry system of overcropping.
On the other hand is a brighter picture, and one upon which the future
of this country largely depends for its uplifting ; I speak of the combined
breadth and heighth and depth of agriculture swallowed up in which are the
thousand and one advantages of crop rotation, in it widest, most comprehensive
sense.
The two systems bear little comparison. The one speaks of a barrenness of
soil, that would appal the stoutest heart in its efforts at crop production ; of
probable insect depredations, the result of which would not in any way be
calculated to cheer the tiller of the soil ; of an unstemmed weed growth than
which nought is more repelling to the lover of well kept lands ; in short of an
utter abandonment to the grovelling side of agriculture and eventually to
agricultural decay. The other speaks of the wealth of a well tilled soil and crops
reeking with strength received therefrom ; of comparative freedom from the
depredatory insect or fungus ; of possible immunity from the hated band of crop
82
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
sappers we call weeds ; of an utter departure from all agricultural one-sidedness ;
of a grandly rounded manhood at the helm that leaves its mark on all
surroundings.
In conclusion we would say that no better or more conclusive evidence of the
coiuparative inequality of the processes of agriculture under discussion can be
given than in a look abroad upon the province. Where farmers have recognized
the necessity of launching out into less cramped and stilted lines than their more
careful (?) fellows, there are the evidences of their prudential reasoning in their
comparatively unqualified success in agriculture. And when, on the other hand,
we find those who have recognized no improvement on the one-sidedness of their
ancestral creed still fighting against the fate which they themselves have wrought,
we find agriculture trammeled and fettered to a degree which throws them wholly
out of the race for agricultural supremacy.
Vours,
T. J. Sleightholm.
Add., Humber, Ont.
EEPORT OF THE JUDGES ON PRIZE FARMS FOR 1889.
To the Council of the Agriculture and Arts Association of Ontario :
Gentlemen, — It was a bright, clear morning on the 24'th of June when your
judges who were appointed to inspect the farms and award the prizes in the
counties of Grey, Bruce, and part of Duflferin met at Guelph and proceeded by
the way of Falmerston to Durham.
Our instructions were to call on John Blythe, M.P.P. for Grey, and he would
further inform us of the route to be taken to see the farms entered in that
division. Having written to Mr. Blythe informing him of the time we expected
to be with him, he, to save us trouble, met us in Durham. We then found that
owing to the wet and unfavorable season for carrying on farm operations that
those farmers who had intended to enter their farms for competition had declined,
and that we had come to a point where no work was to be done, and that we had
to drive forty miles through a pretty rough section of country before we reached
the place where our work was to begin. Having in past years had considerable
experience in this sort of thing, we did not let it trouble us so much as we might
have done had the work been new to us, for we long ago had found out that
something would occasionally happen to disarrange the most carefully laid plans,
and beside? that we had the satisfaction of feeling that Mr. Blythe had been very
kind and considerate, for instead of lettin<i[ us drive eight miles to his place and
then find out our mistake he had taken the trouble of coming to Durham to meet
us, and when we got ofi" the train we found him, with Mayor Jackson, ready to
welcome us.
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53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 181 0
As nothing in the shape of work could be done that day we accepted the
kind invitation of the gentlemen just named to take a drive to some of the best
farms in the neighborhood of this tlie pioneer town on the once greatly travelled
road between Owen Sound and Guelph. Our first stopping place was at Mr,
Jackson's. This gentleman owns a very fine farm of 1250 acres near the town,
and although farming quite as much for pleasure as for profit, yet the same correct
business principles which have made him eminently successful as a business man
is evidently of value when brought to bear in carrying on his farm operations,
and it is just here where many an otherwise good farmer often sadly fails. He
m.ay have a thorough knowledge of the nature of the particular soil with which
he has to deal — he may be carrying out a system of farming well adapted to the
nature of that soil and to local conditions, and may well understand the best
method of performing all the details of farm work, and more (and which is highly
important) may be a close reader of the best class of agricultural literature, yet
fail in achieving the highest success for the want of bringing to bear in the
management of his farm certain business rules which are essentially necessary to
the proper carrying on of any business, the notable weak points often being a
neglect in keeping correct accounts and a lack of system, whereby the labor of
the farm is not utilized to the best advantage. These we have often found to be
the weak points on many an otherwise well managed farm.
Mr. Jackson's farm was not entered for competition ; we wish it had been ;
it would have been more pleasing work to write it up than we occasionally find
it to be in describing some of the farms we are called on to inspect. Here we
found that good taste which appears to be natural to some men had been dis-
played in a marked degree in the construction of his fine- looking residence. Its
cosy, comfortable look, with the beautiful surroundings of gravel drives, lawns,
crarden, and shrubbery made it appear one of those pleasant looking spots which
causes our city cousins who do not see much of the other side of the picture of
farm life to think how nice it is to be a farmer.
A herd of Herefords is now being got together on this farm, the proprietor
after having given the matter careful consideration, has come to the conclusion
that the Hereford is better adapted than the Durham for the somewhat hilly
and broken land in that part of the County of Grey. On leaving Mr, Jackson's
we next drove to the rising ground, where a good view could -be had of Mr,
Parker's farm. This gentleuian is another of Durham's wealthy citizens, who, as
well as being a prosperous business man, takes a prominent place as a progressive
farmer. We had not time to go over the farm, but saw enough to enable us to
come to the conclusion that it was admirably adapted for a stock farm, and was
especially valuable for its rich and abundant pasturage. Mr. Parker pins his
faith to the Durham, and has been, we were told, very successful as a
breeder.
Perhaps some readers may think that it was hardly within our province to
spend time in speaking of men and farms which took no place in the competition,
and that we ought to confine ourselves strictly to those that were entered. We,
however, believe that as useful lessons can be drawn by occasionally diverging
from the beaten track, and we think that these men whom we have v/ritten about
deserve to be mentioned if for no other reason that in this age, when there
appears to be such a passionate desire to make and gather money, it is pleasing
to meet with those who, like Mr. Jackson and Mr. Parker, although diligent and
attentive to business, are yet large-hearted enough to aspire to something higher
than the mere hoarding of money, and out of their abundant means are willing
to spend in a way that will be a benefit to all around them.
84
53 Victoria, Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
In the evening, after having bid adieu to our kind friends, we started on a
sixteen mile drive to Flesherton, passing on the way through the little village of
Priceville. Not much can be said about this as a farming district, excepting that
it is rough, hilly, and rugged. The next morning a very early start was made, as
we were exceedingly anxious to finish the inspection ot the three farms situated
ia that part of the County of Grey. On our way to the first farm we took in the
little hamlets of Maxwell, Mclntyre's Corners, and Badgerow. Again, for the
iirst ten miles the same condition of poor, hilly, and stoney land, interspersed
with swampy and wet stretches, with hardly a first-class homestead to be seen
from the time we had left Durham. Occasionally the somewhat monoton ms drive
was relieved by pretfc}^ little landscape views, the finest being that of the gorge
through which flows the waters of the Beaver river as it goes on its winding
-course to the great lakes. We were told that this ravine, with its finely wooded
banks, continues sll the way to Meaford, a distance of some thirty miles. After
leaving Maxwell the land beg n to improve, and by the time we reached Badge-
row we had got into a fairly good farming section. After leaving the last named
place good farms, with corre-;|)ondingly good homesteads, were to be seen on
either hand. Knowing from the directions we had received in the morning that
we must be getting pretty near our first farm we were on the look out, and soon
€ame in sight of one which we at once concluded was the farm we were called
onto inspect; it looked rather better than the others, and the buildings, from
their position and arrangement, showed to fine advantage. Upon inquiry we
found that we had picked out the light one, and vve also found that the wrong
P. O. address had been given us, and through that mistake Mr. Inglis, the
owner, had not received notice of our coming, and was unfortunately away
from home.
Mayfield Cottage, Township of Osprey, East Grey.
This farm is owned by Mr. George Inglis, and has been occupied by him for
thirty years. It is pleasantly situated about a mile and a quarter south-east of
Badgerow. Since leaving Durham we had driven thirty-seven miles through the
County of Grey, and this farm, with its pretty house, large and commodious
barns and outbuildings, its well-constructed fences and luxuriant crops, looked
more like a show farm than any we had seen. As already said, our letters had
gone astray, and Mr. Inglis was from home. Under the circumstances we had
just to do the best we could without him. This farm is twenty miles from
Flesherton, the nearest station on the C. P. R., and ten miles from Dundalk, on
the H. and N. Western. The land apparently is a strong clay loam, and the
growing crops give evidence of pretty good farming.
The crops were mainly spring wheat and oats. The fences are first class
cedar nil. Water supply for house and fields from wells ; the one at the house
106 feet deep, and another from which the stock in the fields in the summer is
watered is 160 feet deep. The supply for the yards and stables is mainly from
softwater tanks.
The farm entered comprises eighty acres, of which twenty is bush ; besides
that competing, Mr. Inglis farms an adjoining fifty acres. Nearly all the
mechanical work is done by Mr. Inglis's son. This work includes the making of
most of the implements and machinery used on the farm. For carrying it on
there are carpenter and blacksmith's shops, with a full supply of all the necessary
tools.
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53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
We do not mention this with the view of its being understood that we con-
sider this a strong point in a farm competition ; on the contrary, we think a
farmer makes a mistake who attempts that sort of work, believing that it is much
cheaper and a great deal more satisfactory to buy the implements and machinery
required. However, Mr. Inglis's son displays great mechanical skill, which cart
be used to good advantage in keeping everything in repair.
We cannot say anything about the stock, as it was on the other farm, and
we did not see it. Neither did we get any information as regards the rotation
followed, or on other matters which we usually inquired into when carrying out
this work of farm judging. However, we saw enough to make it clear that the
farm was pretty well managed. With the exception of two fields it was found to
be very free from weeds and thistles. The evenness and luxuriance of the grow-
ing crops gave evidence of good cultivation. Good taste has been displayed in
the construction of the dwelling house, and the other buildings of the iarm are
well suited to the purpose for which they are required. Altogether this farm
stands a jjood deal above the average.
Leaving Mayfield cottage, we came back by the way of Badgerow and Mc-
Intyre's Corners. Striking off the Flesh erton road about ten miles from that
village we soon came to Rob Roy, a little hamlet with post-office, blacksmith
shop, and a large new school-house. The latter is one of the most nicely designed
buildings for the purposes required that we have seen in any rural section in
Ontario, showing that the farmers in this part of the County of Grey are quite
alive to the fact that children's tastes are moulded in a large measure from their
surroundings.
Leaving the little place, with its picturesque scenery of wooded hills and
rushing stream with its miniature water-falls, all combining to form a picture of
landscape scenery so pretty as almost to make us forget that, but a short time
before, we were anxiously wishing that we were at the end of our long day's
journey. However, up and down one or two more very steep hills brought us in
sight of Mr. George Bristow's, jr.
As we came near to and opposite the entrance gate leading to Mr. Bristow's
house we found, nestling in a little clearance in the wood, a small Methodist
church which with its bright paint and staii-ed glass window^s, and with a back-
ground of the rich foliage of the wooded hills gave other strong evidence that a
love of the beautiful and picturesque is a marked cliaracteristic of those who have
their houses in this somewhat rugged country.
G. Bristow, Jr., Lot 32, Con. 12, Township of Osprey, East Grey.
This farm is about nineteen miles north-east of Flesherton. It comprises one
hundred acres, of which ten is nicely-kept bush. A well fixpd up private road
divides the farm, with a row of fields of an even size of ten acres on either side.
On the west side a spring creek runs through a piece of broken and rugged
ground. A small stream also angles across the east corner ; these make it an
exceptionally well watered farm and interfere but very little with field cultiva-
tion. Originally the land was very stoney. This stone has all been taken ofi and
utilised in building dry stone dykes ; this work alone represents a great deal of
labor, but now thatit.has been done, and well done, Mr. Bristow has the satisfac-
tion of working land with a clean surface, and has fences which will require no
repairing, for the stones in these fences are so large and heavy that when once
put into position there is not much fear of them being moved again.
The crops this year comprise 13 acres of wheat, 12 acres of oats, 7 acres of
peas and oats mixed, 10 acres of peas, 4 acres of roots, and between 30 and 40
86
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
acres of meadow and pasture. The crops generally looked well. The meadow
was the best we had teen. Nothing special can be said about the system followed
as regaids rotation or field culture.
The manure is ploughed under in the fall for roots. The land is always
ploughed twice after harvest; the fir^t time as soon as it can be done after the
crojis are off. We would here remark that, as a rule, we have found the farms
the cleanest where a good deal of work was put on the land in the fall, and from
enquiry and observation we have come to consider that unless this practice is
followed an extra amount of work must be done in some other way, either in
cleaning with the hoed crops or summer fallowing, or both. The practise, how-
ever, of many of the best farmers in all parts of Ontario is to depend largely on
fall working f(jr keeping the land fi^ee from thistles and weeds.
About seventeen cattle are kept, of which six or seven are milch cows — four
are fattened annually. The buildings are fairly good and sufficient for the
requirements of the farm. Orchard of young trees just coming into bearing;
these have been well attended to and are in good shape.
Lake Land, Owned by G. B. Bristow, Sr.
Silver Medal.
A half hour's drive took us to the next competing farm, that of Mr. Bristow,
sr. It is lot 36, con. 12, Township of Osprey, East Grey. This farm is widely
known, especially by the breeders of the best class of shorthorns. It takes its
name of Lake Lands from the two small lakes on the property — One of six acres
near the buildings and about the centre of the farm, the other, a smaller one of
about half an acre, on the north-east side. Whether these lakes may be con-
sidered as adding to the value of the property will depend very much from what
standpoint they are viewed. If figured out on the basis of a money value per^
haps a water supply could be had at less cost, but looking at it as we saw it thafc
night in June, with the evening sky reflected on its glassy surface and the
branches of the graceful elms throwing their shadows on the green sloping banks,
it appeared to us a lovely scene ; no doubt more so, as we viewed it after a hard
day's work and as see*n under the still evening sky.
Lake Land is situated about six miles from Duntroon, a station on the H. &
N. W. R. R., and eleven miles from Collingwood.
The farm entered for competition comprises one hundred acres, of which five
acres of stoney land on the south-east corner is covered with timber. Mr. Bristow
did not make the mistake which many men do when clearing their farms, of chop-
ping down all before them irrespective of the consideration of whether the land
will be worth anything or not when it is cleared, or whether the growing trees-
might not answer some useful purpose if left.
Besides that entered, an adjoining fifty acres of which twenty -five are wood-
land— the balance being pasture — is also owned by Mr. Bristow.
There are many strong points about the management of this farm. It is
exceptionally clean. The growing crops give evidence of rich land and of having"
been w^^ll put in. A great deal of planting- has been judiciously done ; the tree*
are mainly sugar maple of three year's growth. The kitchen garden, so often
neglected by the farmer, is here kept in splendid shape and was well supplied
with all the vegetables and small fruit ordinarily found in the best managed
gardens. There is nothing in any way connected with a farm that gives so large-
a return for labor expended as does the kitchen garden, and there is not anything-
else on the farm which is more generally neglected.
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J53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
The orchaid, like the garden, is much above the average ; trees healthy
looking, well pruned and comprising quite a variety of the different sorts of fruit,
including apple, peai", plum and cherry trees as well as a good stock of grape
vines.
Now, while we have been always careful in not placing the house and its
surroundings, including lawns, garden and orchard, neat fences and all those other
Attractive features which have much to do in moulding the tastes of the sons and
daughters growing up on the farm, and which have a tendency to develop a love
for the beautiful as well as being an important factor in the direction of causing
CUV young people to take more kindly to the homely life of the farm and of
making life more enjoyable to all who live there. We say that while we have
been careful in not placing these highly desirable features of the farm before high-
class farming — and what we mean by high-class fanning is well-drained land,
first-class tillage, profitable stock management, convenient, comfortable and useful
buildings, good fences, land free from weeds and the many things so noticeable on
the bi:?st managed farms — yet we feel that in a fai'm competition, other things
being equal, that the man who bestows all his best energies on his fields and herds
to the utter neglect of those moulding influences enumerated above is not entitled
to first honors. The infiuence and worth of the young people of the farm is not
to be measured by their ability to do farm-work alone, but by the elevating influ-
ence they have upon their neighbors socially and morally. Once moor the young
to the farm by attractive surroundings and refining influences and you have dane
much to stay the exodus of this most useful class of citizens from the farm where
they are so much needed.
We have said that there are many strong points in Mr. Bristow's farm
management, however, that in which he excels all other competitors in the
,section of the group in which our work lay is as a breeder of shorthorns of a
high type. To those engaged in breeding the best class of shorthorns in the
western part of the province it would not be necessary to speak of what Mr.
Bristow has done in that direction, as he has been one of the leading men in that
line for many years. He commenced as a breeder of pure bred stock in 1870,
when he bought of James Gormeily and E. Sanderson, of Markham, a cow of the
George Simpson importation, and another of the Symes of ".Red Kirk," Scotland
stock. The next purchase was in 1875, when, to use Mr. Bristow's words, he says:
■" that he read such glowing accounts of the Cruickshank's cattle that he concluded
that he would purchase some stock of that line." The same year he bought from Mr.
James I. Davison, "Village Girl " = 538 = and her B. C. for one thousand dollars,
which turned out to be the most profitable investment he ever made in any purchase
of stock. This cow died last spring, irom over-feeding, at the age of seventeen years,
she had twins twice and raised altogether seventeen calves ; .$3,600 woith of stock
-was sold from her, and at this time there are fourteen of her descendants on the
farm. In 1887, " Wimple Gem," bred by S,ylvester Campbell, Kenneller, was
jadded to the herd ; since then she has had two calves. It is needless to say that
the bulls used have been amongst the best that could be obtained, and that many
Animals of great merit liave been sold from this herd. We need only mention such
.animals as "Grand Monarque," = 1860 = got by Brown Prince, of " Athelstane
2nd " = 456 = and sold to Mr. Cookson, of Iowa, for a large sum, and " Sir Arthur
Ingram," = 3874 = which was sold to head the Bow Park show herd in 1886, and
which was the champion and sweepstakes bull of his day. This bull, however,
was not bred but was bought by Mr. Bristow, and was of the famous Sheriff'
Hatton family. The bull now in use is an exceptionally promising young animal
£>f the Craickshank " Duchess of Gloster" tribe.
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53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8.) A. 1890
Mr. Bristow's field management is in many respects similar to that of many
other good farmers. Manure is piled up in the spring and left until after harvest
when it is ])ut on the land at the rate of fifteen loads to the acre and ploughed in
with a light furrow. In the spring this land is ploughed ten inches deep, harrowed
well and left for two or three weeks so as to allow of the seeds any weeds to
germinate, then gang ploughed deeply and worked down fine with the harrows,
about 200 lbs of salt and 100 lbs of plaster per acre is applied broad cast, the
land is then drilled up and the turnip seed is sown from the 1st to the 5th of
June. Before sowing, about half a cupfull of the spirits of turpentine and a
handful of sulphur is mixed with ten pounds of turnip seed and left for twenty-
four hours before sowing; and following this plan for 18 years has never required
to sow a second time and always has had a good crop. Certainly his turnips, at
the time we saw them, were fresher and gave evidence of a more vigorous growth
than an}' we saw during the time we were out.
We would here remark, that while Mr. Bristow has always been successful
in raising good crops of turnip, it will be noticed that all the conditions as far as
he had power to control them were favorable to bring about that end. In the
first place he puts on fifteen loads of well rotted manure made from cattle fed
mainly with hay, roots and grain, and it is safe to say that this would be equal
as regards the elements of plant food to thirty or forty loads of half leached stuff,
such as we often see drawn from farmer's barnyards where stock raising is not
made a specialty.
It will also be noticed that while in some respects he may differ wi(,h other
successful turnip growers in the mode of preparing the land, mainly in not
ploughing deeply in the fall, yet the same idea is carried out by all who make
.root growing a success, that is to work the land thoroughly, kill the weeds and
liave a fine seed bed, we mention this for the reason that some careless farmers
might be carried away with the idea that the secret of growing a heavy crop, lay
in the use of turpentine and sulphur. The after management consists in a free
use of hoe and scufiler.
The balance of manure over what is required for roots is applied to the pea
land for wheat. Following roots is wheat, then oats or barley two years, seed
down with 7 lbs of timothy, 4 lbs common clover and 2 lbs of alsike, mow two
jears and pasture one. Grass land is ploughed deeply with a Skinner plough,
often a heavy coating of grass is ploughed under, this is again ploughed lightly
with a gang plough, well worked and sown with fall wheat.
Mr. Bristow tells us that he takes the farm all round on this course with the
-exception of every two or three years, when he seeds down the poorest field with
12 lbs of mamoth and common clover and in the spring applies about 150 lbs of
plaster and ploughs it in just before haying, giving the land a thorough workino-
with roller and harrows then sows with fall wheat.
Again quoting Mr. Bristow, he says " that he places great value on clover as
a fertilizer and considers that it gives much better results than any of the
adulterated fertilizers that are in the market." We agree with him.
The average of the different crops generally is about as follows : — 20 acres
of spring wheat, 10 to 15 of peas, 25 to 80 of oats, 25 to 30 meadow, 5 to 9 of
roots, balance pasture ; 100 lbs of plaster per acre is put on the land intended for
hay. Contrary to the general practice, seeding to grass is commonly done with
the 'oat crop. Mr. Bristow thinks the young seeds are well sheltered by the
thick oat crop from the rays of the sun and not so early exposed as with barley
and that the strong oat stubble keeps the snow from blowing off in the winter.
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53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
Besides what is done in raising breeding stock about five or six are usually
fattened. No grain is sold off the farm excepting wheat and occassionally a few
oats and peas for seed.
Now while it may be said that in some respects the system followed on this
farm differs from that of many of out- most advanced and successful farmers, and
also we admit that in some matteis of detail we do not consider that the course
followed is the best that could be adopted, yet believing that in farming as in
other occupations we ought to judue largely by results, then taking that as a test ;
Mr. Bristow stands high as a larmer. He has made himself rich by successful
farming. He has spent his money with no niggard hand when he saw that a liberal
expenditure was a way to success. He owns a farm which he claims is increasing
in fertility every year. Tiiis we can uuderstand when it is considered that alon^
with a liberal system of feeding and careful management of the manure pile, there
is a deep and thorough cultivation of the soil, bringing up hidden stores which
are made available for plant food. Further it will be observed that by a free
seeding with clover not only is the subsoil made to give forth its treasures but
the air as well is drawn upon for its rich supplies, and lastly but not the least
important, if we take a broad view, is, that as a high class farmer he is setting a
good example to all around him.
There is, however, some points in which Mr. Bristow is decidedly weak,
notablv the neglected state of many of the fences and the untidiness so noticeable
around the fields generally ; perhaps all the more so from being in marked contrast
to the well kept garden and highly cultivated land. The buildings also, although
fairly good are not by any means equal to the l^est class of modern homesteads.
And for this reason Mr. Bristow failed to secure the highest honors in this fariik.
competition.
In the evening, after having got through with our inspection of this farm,
Mr. Bristow kindly offered to drive us to Duntroon, where we purposed staying
over night. The road we found to be no improvement on those on which we had
been driving during the day. As we came near the village the hills were so steep
that one of your judges who had shown a good deal of nervousness during the day
concluded that he was running too great a risk, and for the last two miles insisted
on getting out and walking down whenever a descent had to be made of hill a.
little steeper than he had been accustomed to. In this way it took a good while
to get over the last two miles. This was the less to be regretted as it gave those
who had more courage and didn't walk plenty of time to take in and admire
the fine scenery. This is one of the beautiful spots in Ontario. As seen from
the high ground, the landscape view is wonderfully fine. Looking away to the
right are to be seen the tree clad hills of Nottawasaga. On the left five or six
miles in the distance is Collingwood, the terminus of the Northern R. R. From
here too was to be had a splendid view of Nottawasaga Bay, with its waters
shimmering from the reflection of the setting sun ; with its little island on which
is built the light-house, which flashes its beacon lights as a danger signal to the
mariner. And from the high hill overlooking the little village of Duntroon
nestling in the hollow, was to be seen the thriving town of Stayner, situated on.
the rising ground to the left of the Nottawasaga hills.
Having received word that we were required in Guelph next day to attend
a meeting of the Advisory Board of Ontario Agricultural College, we left early
next morning for that city.
On the 2nd of July we again met at Palmerston, and took train for Tara ;
from there we drove to Owen Sound the same evening, for the purpose of being
near our work the following morning.
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53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
The first farm we went in see on leaving Owen Sound, was that owned by
Mr. Robert Linn, being lots 7 and 8, con. 6, Township of Derby, North Grey.
Mr. Linn's farm is six miles from Owen Sound and about half a mile from
Kilsyth. The soil is a strong clay loam with a rather tenacious subsoil in some
parts of the farm. Where required considerable draining has been dono. A
marked feature of this farm is the permanent pasture ; this land which is kept
permanently in grass was originall}' timbered ihickly with cedar ; the subsoil
is a marly clay with a surface soil of peaty earth, it appears to be of a nature
to produce strong and ricli grasses ; the large herd of cattle feeding on these
pastures at the time of our visit indicated from their appearance that they
were laying on flesh rapidly. On this flat land is a strong spring which Mr.
L. has gathered into a basin ten feet in diameter, this basin is raised with clay
walls until it is four feet above the original level ; this he intends to continue
raising as high as the spring will rise ; it will then be used in opei-ating a
hydraulic ram, for the purpose of conveying water to the house and homestead.
The orchard comprises ten acres of fresh, healthy, well kept trees. Seven
hundred barrels of apples were picked last year ; iisually from $300.00 to $400,00
is realized from it. The apples are kept in a cellar specially built for the purpose,
and when the navigation opens the fruit is sent to the difierent lake ))orts and
sold on commission.
A novel idea is carried out in building the fence around this orchard. There
is a row of maples eighteen years growth, planted at a uniform distance of fourteen
feet, between the trees are placed scantlings, these are fastened to the trees by
having a three-quarter inch iron let into the end of the scantling and into the
tree, leavinof three inches between tree and scantling so as to allow the tree to
grow six inches before touching the scantling on either side ; on these scantlings,
are nailed pickets. Trees are planted along the entire front of the farm with the
view of being utilized in the same way.
The dwelling house shows prettily from the road, and is reached by passing
through a very fine avenue. The homestead is commodious and fairly well
adapted to the requirements of the farm, it is nicely painted and shows well. A
good deal is being done this season in the way of reconstructing the stables. A
building is also being put up for holding absorbents to be used in saving the
liquid manure.
Forty-six years ago Mr. Linn came to America with his father's family, he
being then a boy of eleven ; after spending fifteen years in the United States, and
having taken up land in Iowa, with the purpose of making that his home, he
upon considering the matter of becoming a naturalized citizen of the U. S, and on
reading over the form of oath of allegii?nce, felt such a strong repugnance to
taking that oath that he made up his mind to move to a colony where he could
call himself a British subject and remain under the protection of the British flag.
Mr. Lynn is an admirable type of t'lat class who emigrated to this country'-
from the north of Ireland, true, loyal, and progressive.
Sunny Side, Lot 6, Con. 7, Township of Derbv, Nobth Grey.
Mr. George Donald, is the owner of " Sunny Side." It is pleasantly situated,
and the name he has given to it is a very appropriate one. It lies about eight
miles south-west of Owen Sound.
Twenty years ago where the house now stands was a bush with not a tree
chopped. It is now all cleared with the exception of ten acres on the north-west
91
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
coi-ner ; tlie fields are not only free from stumps but a very great quantity of
stone ha.s been taken off; part of the farm was originally very stony, now the
fields are quite clear of obstructions to cultivation ; a good deal of draining has
been done and the woik is still going on. Part of the fences aie very good,
the remainder fair. Considerable planting has been done as well as great care
exercised in the management of the ten acres of original bush now standing. All
stock is kept out of it, and all dead and decaying timber is used as firewood.
As a result this is a splendid piece of fresh and healthy wood. This is a feature
in farm management which cannot be too highly spoken of and it just happens io
be what the great majority of farmers too of^en neglect. Anothei' special featuie
in Mr. Donald's management is the great care he takes in preserving the manure
from waste. A good deal of stock is fattened and for the size of the farm a great
deal of manure is made ; this is carefully attended to, so as to prevent as far as
p )ssible waste from leaking. Mr. D. for many years has been in the habit of
dfawing in the dry weather of the fall a large quantity of dry earth ; this is
stored away convenient to thi; stables and is used as an absorbent, mostly in the
gutters behind the cattle ; in this way evey particle of the liquid which is the
m >st valuable part of the manure is saved. The field management is similar to
that on most well managed farms. A full stock of good grade cattle is kept, the
cows being always bred to a pure bred bull ; as already said a good deal is done in
the way of fattening stock, and the coarse grain is used on the farm.
The homestead is compact, conveinent, and in every way well adapted to the
requirements of the farm ; besides the stables and feeding room under the bank
bani is a place set apart in which is kept a supply of dry earth already spoken off
ibi- use in the stables.
Mr. Donald we consider a really good farmer, and very strong all round ; we
are sorry that he is not a ])rize winner, and we think that it is only justice to the
gentleman to say that as judges we differed — for if one of your judges had not
thought it was his turn to give in, it would either have been a tie with Mr.
Duncan, or Mr. Donald would have received the silver medal.
Newton Farm, Lot 2, Con. 6, Township of Derby, North Grey.
Silver Medal.
To Mr. John Duncan belongs the honor of winning the silver medal, for the
best managed farm entered for competition in the North Riding of Grey. The
farm comprises 300 acres, of which 75 is bush, it is twelve miles from Owen
Sound and six from Tara. It is of the form of an L, 200 acres, on which are the
buildings, runs from the concession to what is known as the blind line, being
sixty-six chains from front to rear. The other 100 acres fronts the main road,
and runs half the distance back. On the s. w. corner is the little Village of Keady,
partly built on this property.
A private road runs up the centre of the 200 acres, from the front to as far
back as the land is cleared. A row of fields of a uniform size of 15 acres opens
out on either side, on to this private road, in this way all parts of the farm
are easily reached. The soil varies a good deal, being partly heavy clay, and
partly clay loam; the subsoil also varies, in some parts of the farm it is stifi,and
in others quick-sand, the latter causing great trouble in draining. Some draining
has been done producing good results. The quantity of heavy stone built into
dykes, represents a large amount of work. The fences in front of the farm are
partly post and board, the other fences with the exception of the stone ones, are
stron<4 cedar rail.
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53 Victoria Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
The dwelling house is a snug stone building, and looks well as seen from the
road. One drawback is the failure of the trees which Mr. Duncan had planted,
from some cause he has had but poor success in that line. The barn buildings are
rather old fashioned, stables low, and not very suitable v^here much is done in the
way of breeding or fattening of stock. Supply of water for both house and
stables is obtained from a well midway between the homestead and house, the
water being pumped with a windmill.
The crops grown are fall wheat, spring wheat, peas and oats, with a fifteen
acre field of loots every year. Peas are grown on sod, followed by wheat, then
oats, oats followed by roots, barley is sown after roots and seeded down. In
preparing for roots the manure is always put in the drills.
The number of cattle when the size of the farm is considered, we thought to
be rather few, about ten or twelve are fattened annually. A small flock of sheep
is kept, these are fairly good.
To sum up, we set Mr. Duncan down as a good farmer, and a man of great
eneigy. He came to this country thirty years ago, living on a rented farm near
Fergus for ten years, when he began to think it was time to buy one, and after
looking round for some time, he bought the property he now lives on. The pur-
chase included 400 acres, 100 of which his son farms. Mr. Duncan is evidently
a man of great industry and determination. Coming to Canada with nothing to
start with but his Scotch shrewdness, industrious habits and that indomitable
pluck so characteristic of many of the early settlers of this country, qualities
which have had much to do in making Ontario what it is, the banner province of
the Dominion.
Just about the time we finished taking notes of what we had seen on Mr.
Duncan's farm, the rain which had been threatening began to come down in tori'ents,
and for some time it appeared as if we would have to remain over night, instead
of getting through to Tara, as we had intented to do. However, late in the
evening it began to show signs of clearing, and after a little more waiting we
got on to the road, and made Tara for the night. The following morning, an
early start was made for the Township of Arran, with fine weather, a good team,
and a driver who knew all about that part of the country, and with the certain
knowledge that our work would take us through a finely farmed district, we felt
that all the conditions were favorable to make farm judgini^ enjoyable work.
Shortly after leaving Tara we reached Invermay, then skirting the river
Sable for a short distance, we soon struck out into a fine farming section. The
first call made was on Mr. McConkey, the famous stock farmer. He had not
entered for competition, but if he had it is safe to say that he would have been
a hard man to have beaten. This farm comprises some 600 acres, is well watered
and admirably adapted for a stock farm. Mr. McConkey not being at home, we
took a quiet look around ourselves, and for our own satisfaction. As it was not
the work we were sent out to do, we neither spent mucli time in looking over the
farm, nor yet will we in describing it. But as we had once before inspected it
when farm judging, and shortly alter it had come into his hands, and knowing
that he stands very high as a farmer in his own line, that is as a feeder of shipping
stock, in which he deals very largely, and as an owner and breeder of pedigree'd
horses, we felt a little desirous to see what he was doing. The noticeable features
are the splendid run of rich grass lands, the well cultivated fields, and the excep-
tiouoUy good arrangements for wintering stock, in finely fixed up buildings.
These buildings are very extensive, and without any exception, the horse and
cattle stables are the best arranged aud most perfectly fitted up that either of
your judges have seen on any farm visited by them in Ontario.
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53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
We were sorry that we had missed seeing Mr. McConkey, as we would like to
have heard what he had to say on the summer feeding of stock for the British
markets, he having been extensively engaged in it for a number of years.
From McConkey 's' we drove to Mr. Wm. Esplin's. This took us by many fine
farms, with corresi)onding]y good homesteads, and with unmistakable signs of
prosperity^on every hand.
Mr. Wm. Esplin's Farm, Maple Grove, Township of Arran, North Bruce.
Silver Medal,
This farm may be described as being situated nine miles s. e. of Port Elgin,
and ten miles from Southampton.
There are 200 acres, of which 170 is cleared, the balance wood land.
Birnwi On the west side, or what may be termed the back part, is a stream, which
gives a full supply of water to that part of the farm, and another creek between
the building and the road. The land on the back part of the farm is not of that
uniform quality which is found to be a marked feature of the best farms in this
section, but is mixed with sandy spots, probably about ten or twelve acres of this
lio-ht land altogether. Somewhat of a ridge also runs partially through the farm,
from the west .side to the n. e. corner, this is also inclined to be light, being such
land as would suffer in a dry season. The remainder of the farm is a good strong
clay loam, with a clay subsoil somewhat retentive. Considerable draining has
been done, and is serving a good purpose. Fenoes are exceptionally good, that
alono- the front on the road side is post and board, as well as all those around the
buildino's, gardens and paddocks. Those on the front 100 acres are eithor board or
straio-ht rail, on the rear lot they are either straiuiit rail or well constructed rail
fence, with angle and upright stakes, fastened with wire at top. The last men-
tioned, when rails can be bought at a reasonable price, is, we think, the best farm
fence that can be built.
Good taste has been shown in selecting the site for the buildings. The
dwellino- house is reached by a short drive through a wide avenne, lined with
suo-ar maples on either side.
From the road for some distance back the land is level, until the outskirts of
the planted grounds are reached, here it begins to rise gently. The grounds are
nicely laid out and are w^ell kept.
The house is a two-storey brick, with verandah on three sides. Standing on
the oently sloi)ing land well up from the road, with its nicely kept lawn, and
surrounded with ornamental trees, it looks very pretty. And while there has
been no extravagance, neither has Mr. Esplin refrained from spending when it
would be wise and judicious to do so, in carrrying out his idea of a perfect farm
house. Anything that would add to convenience and comfort has not been over-
looked. From the furnace room, cellar and dairy in the basement, to the nicely
finished rooms above, everything is perfect in its way. Adjoining the house is
the convenient woodshed, and near by is a well appointed work-shop, and next is
the carriao-e house with its clean and well kept vehicles. Mrs. Esplin it would
seem vies with Mr. Esplin in keeping her domain in perfect order, and as a result
they have a lovely home.
The homestead is one of the best in the country, extensive, convenient and
showy. Originally the barns stood on the level, but within the last two years
they have undergone reconstruction, barns have been raised and stone stables
94
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
built beneath, living comfortable accommodation for fifty-two cattle, and fourteen
horses. A large new sheep house is now under course of construction, and is
nearly finished. Pig house built of stone, conveniently arranged and roomy.
It is perhaps unnecessary to say that when all the other buildings are so good,
that the matter of housing farm implements and machinery has not been
neglected.
One of the noticeable features of this farm is the amount of planting that
has been d<me, the work has been judiciously carried out. It would appear that
wherever it was thought that a tree would be useful or ornatnental, one has been
planted. They are mostly of about eight or ten yeai's growth, and are mainly
sugar maple, with sufficient of other varieties in the grounds around the buildings
to make a pleasing contrast. The supply of water in the yards and for the
stables is from a spring which rises on the higher part of the farm, is carried
through pipes to the buildings, and the overflow then passes away underground.
The bush land on the s. w. corner has been carefully attended to, and at the
time of our visit in July, showed very finely, with an abundant second growth
wherever dead or decaying timber had been cleared away. Passing on through
the thick close timber along a narrow bush track, we came to the little open spot
where stands the sugar camp. It looked veiy pretty and romantic, and to the
man who never when a boy had carried sap for hours at a time, through slush
and snow, tine thougiits of sugar making would be associated with much that is
pleasant and enjoyable.
The average acreage of the different crops is about as follows : Fall wheat,
ten acres ; spring wheat, ten ; barley, five ; peas, ten ; hay, generally about forty
acres ; corn, three ; and roots, seven. One fixed rotation is closely adhered to,
but the general system of cropping is to plough up sod for peas, this crop is
followed with wheat, then roots, after roots oats or barley seeded down, hay
twice, and then pasture. Summer-fallowing is occasionally resorted to, when
this is done the land is sown with fall wheat and seeded down.
The cattle are a pretty good lot, and are decidedly better than those we saw
on this farm when we judged the last time it was entered for a similar competi-
tion. Eight cows are kept, the milk from which is made into butter at home.
With the exception of the gold medal farm, there was a harmony about this
one more noticeable than that of any other entered, everything was in keeping ;
the barns corresponded with the other outbuildings, and the whole, including the
dwelling house, was just in keeping with the nicely planted and well kept private
roads and paddocks, with the good fences and the well managed bush.
If we were to find fault, it would be to say that the fields were not just as
free from thistles as we might have expected to find them on a farm otherwise so
■well managed. With this one exception we consider this a really well managed
farm, intelli^jence and good judgment being brought to bear in its management in
'O OJo oo o
every department, no one thing appearing to be made a specialty, to the neglect
of something else, and while Mr. Esplin is evidentl}^ a money making farmer, he
is not so engrossed by it as to forget that it is duty to try and make life enjoy-
able to those who are in a large measure dependent upon him.
Mr. Adam Esplin's Farm, Township of Arran, North Bruce,
A short drive took us to Mr. Adam Esplin's. Like the farm we had just
left, it is very pleasantly situated. It comprises one hundred acres — is divided
by a private road running up the centre of farm terminating some distance from
the rear of the lot at a point where the land is kept in permanent pasture. In
95
63 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
this way the stock at all times when required have access either to the yards or
to the pasture lands. In this wa}^ there is always an abundant supply of M^ater
at either end of the farm which can be reached from every field. It should have
been said that a never-failing cieek flows through the pasture land. Running
into this field is the bush of fifteen acres. Here we had a very good opportunity
of ^contrasting the difference where stock is allowed to roam at will at all times-
during the summer and early spring eating off the young shoots and brui.sing the
roots of the young growing trees, with that where care is exercised in giviug
some measure of protection at that season when the most injury is done. Every
thing about this farm is in pretty good shape (if we except the management of
the woodland spoken of above) — good buildings, good fences, system of field
culture quite up to and perhaps above the average, and with nothing noticeably
weak.
Mr. August Mercer's Farm, Township of Arran, North Bruce.
Driving for a short distance in the direction of Pt. Elgin, then turning on
to the side line and going for a mile and a quarter we come to Mr. August Mer-
cer's. This gentleman farms 150 acres of which 50 has only been in his posses-
sion for a short time. The land is a strong clay loam and lor some reason does
not appear to have suffered so much as many other farms in this section of the
country from the excessive moisture of the early part of the season.
There is nothing specially to be said about this farm. It is a good farm and
apparently very well managed — above the average as regards freeness from
thistles aod weeds. Fences and buildings fairly good. It is quite safe to say
that in Mr. Mercer's hands it will show better in a few years than it does now,
for it is to be borne in mind that of the 150 acres one hundred was only bought
by him five years ago and the other fifty has only been farmed by Mercer one
season. There is no question about Mr. Mercer being a g'od farmer, but it takes
time to carry out any considerable improvements. And the farmer who has only
occupied his land for a few years is placed at a great disadvantage in a farm
competition with the man who has spent a good part of a lifetime in getting his
farm into good shape.
By the time we had got through with the last mentioned farm we felt that
we had put in full day's work and were very glad to get to Port Elgin for the
night, all the more so as we soon found that we had a good hotel to stay at.
Next morning we had to make one of those unpleasantly early starts and
try and make up the balance of our night's sleep on the way to Walkerton.
Keaching that town before the shops were open our first business was to look up
the liveryman and arrange to be driven to the three farms entered in the county
of Bruce.
Maple Grove — Lots 29 and 30 Township of Brant — South Bruce,
Climbling a steep hill as we leave Walkerton and driving in a northerly
direction for a mile and a quarter we come to the farm of Mr. Abram Rowand
known as Maple Grove. It comprises 100 acres, of which eighty-five are cleared,
leaving fifteen acres of bush at the north end of the farm.
The fences alongside of the public highway and the boundary lines on either
side, as well as the private road and the short fences around paddocks and yards,
are all first class post and board.
96
52 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
Considerable planting has been done, including a fine row of maples along
the roadside, shade and ornamental trees around the buildings and a pretty little
plantation on the left of the private road leading to the house.
The barn and outbuildings are above the average. Mr. Rowand is somewhat
of a mechanic and possessed of good taste and evidently takes delight in having
everything about his premises in good order. The cultivation of the fields is
about on a level with that on other well tilled farms, but there is nothing unusual
calling for special notice. The management of manure marks high. It is care-
fully husbanded — is kept neatly piled up, and great care is exercised so as to
prevent waste from leaching. It is applied mainly in the spring for roots, being
spread on the surface and ploughed in early in the season — any that is left over
is put on the land in the fall for next season's crop.
Besides the farm that was entered Mr. Rowand owns another of a hundred
acres a mile away. This is kept mainly in grass, and whenever a Held is sown
with grain it is seeded down again the same season.
This year on this farm there is nineteen acres of fall wheat. An average of
about fifty-five acres of grain is grown on the two farms.
About eight cows are kept. The milk is sent to the Dunkeld factory. The
■average per cow for the season is from .$25 to $30. Besides this they produce
what is required for home consumption.
Five or six cattle are fattened annually and a small flock of sheep is kept.
Judging from what we saw of the growing crops we would say that the system
of farming carried out by Mr. Rowand is not by any means an exhaustive one —
,and further, that he is following out a pretty safe line in not depending solely on
the profits of any one branch but carrying out a system of mixed husbandry,
including grain growing, fattening of stock and dairying, and to this is to be
added bee-keeping. Mi'. Rowand being an intelligent and extensive bee-keeper.
'On account of keeping so many bees a small area is sown with buckwheat every
year and more Alsike clover is sown than would otherwise be.
An acre and a half is taken up with fruit trees. Like everything else on
"the farm this orchard is in very good shape ; trees healthy looking and have been
well attended, too.
In concluding our remarks on this farm we would say that while Mr. Rowand
is not exceptionally strong on any one line, yet he is well up all around and
belongs to that class of men who are doing much to raise the standard of agri-
culture in this province.
Mr. Andrew Waechter's Farm, Lot 1 and 2, Con. 8, Township of Brant,
South Bruce.
Gold Medal.
Retracing our steps to Walkerton, and then leaving that town by the way of
the Agricultural Exhibition grounds, we drove in a westerly direction for 3f
miles until we came to Fairview farm, owned by that successful and enterprising
farmer Mr. Andrew Waechter.
This farm comprises lots 1 and 2, con. 8, Township of Brant, and composed
of 200 acres of the 518 owned by Mr. Waechter, the balance being located across
the highway and not in the competition.
This farm, like the country around here, is beautifully undulating, and yet
not so hilly as to make it at all inconvenient to operate all sorts of farm imple-
7 (A. A.) 97
63 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890-
ments and machinery. About the centre of the farm, standing well up, with the
land sloping gently away from it, is situated the pretty-looking and tastefully-
constructed dwelling housf and fine farmsteading of Fairview farm. We think
the owner of this fine property has made a happy selection of a name, it is peculi-
arly appropriate, for few finer views are to be had in this province of a rich agri-
cultural section and of the homes of prosperous and progressive farmers than are
to be seen from the uplands of Fairview when looking over this favored township
and that of Greenock opposite.
This is a splendidly managed farm, even when compared with the best of
those around it owned by some of the best and most progressive farmers of the
County of Bruce, It has already carried ofi" the silver medal in a former con) peti-
tion as well as marking high (although not a prize winner) in the sweepstakes
contest when none but strong men met.
This is all the more praiseworthy when it is considered that tvvent3^-two
years ago the forest stood, with not a tree chopped, where now stands one of the
two gold medal farms, the highest prizes for excellence of management in a group
of counties comprising a district which for high-class farming is perhaps not sur-
passed by any other in Ontario.
The soil is a loose clay, almost a limestone shale, and the subsoil only a little
harder, requiring not much draining.
The rotation followed is one which appears well suited to the nature of the
soil : Considerable summer-fallowing is done ; on the summer-fallow is applied
what of the manure has been left over from the root crop, and the land is sown
with fall wheat and seeded down to grass. Mr. Waechter depends a good deal
on thorough summer cultivation for keeping his land clean, and as fall wheat has
always been one of the leading crops grown on this farm it would a))pear that the
course followed is a good one. After roots, wheat or barley seeded down. Peas
are grown on sod ploughed up ; wheat after peas ; oats following wheat — this-
crop is sometimes seeded with clover which is ploughed under with the addition
of a light cont of manure and sown with wheat the next season. Mr. Waechter
has been in the habit of sowing clover freely with most grain crops ; this appears^
to be an excellent idea and one that might be followed with good results on most
farms where the soil is of a character suitable for growing clover.
The leadiug features of Mr. Waechter's farm management may be classed as-
follows : — Firstly, deep and thorough cultivation ; secondly, a free seeding with
clover, and lastly, the feeding of all the coarse grain and fodder grown on the
farm to carefully selected stock bought for the purpose of being fattened for the
foreign markets.
Last winter thirty -three steers were stall-fed and shipped by Mr. Waechter
this spring to the British markets ; on the way to Montreal they were unloaded
at Guelph and weighed — this after a long last — the average was 1,455 lbs. ; men who
understand this business will know what class of steers it requires to make such an
exceptionally good average. We mention this particularly for the reason that
Mr. Waechter places great importance on careful selection, as he puts it, " careful
selection and judicious buying often makes all the difference between profit and
loss." This is readily understood by those who have had much to do handling
this class of stock ; anything which is not good enough for export has to be sold
at greatly reduced prices for the home market ; inferior animals cost just as much
to feed, and those which are shipped to the British markets just cost as much
per head for space and all other expenses are as great no matter how inferior the
animal may be.
98
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890.
Besides this lot of thirty-three, a dozen more very fine steers were in pasture
at the time of our first visit, in the beginning of July, these were being fed once
a day with meal ; at the time of our second visit they had just been shipped to.
Montreal, on their way to the London markets. About eight cows are kept and,
thirty or forty sheep ; the cows were an exceptionally fine lot.
Again quoting Mr. Waechter's own words, he says that " he attributes his.
success in farming mainly to having made stock feeding at all times a leading
feature in his farm practise," wound up by saying that he " would not have owned
the property he now does if it had not been for pushing this particular line."
The practise when feeding in the winter is to put all the fodder through the
chaff cutter and pulp the turnips, these are mixed, and to this mixture is added,
meal and bran.
It is almost needless to say that with good soil, high-class cultivation and,
heavy feeding that as a result the crops were exceptionally good. There was,
however, one exception and that was a field of oats on a part of the farm where
the soil was rather lighter than the average ; this field had suffered somewhat,
from the excessive drought which prevailed for some weeks before harvest.
The fences were mostly cedar rail, well-built and perfectly straight. This
more particularly applies to the interior ones, for along the road there is quite a
long stretch of straight fence, built about two and a-half feet high with stone, the
upper part being post and board. This work, like everything else done on the
farm, has been very neatly carried out. Private roads in good shape — these are so
arranged as to give read}^ access to all parts of the farm, including forty-six acres.
of woodland on the south-east corner. The road leading to the house from the
highway is fenced on either side with a board fence and planted with a double
row of trees. In this planting we think a mistake has been made in the choice
of trees ; it appears to be a mistake to plant willows in preference to the maple,,
basswood or graceful elm.
We have already said that the homestead marks high. The barns are large
and well constructed. In the cattle stables are stalls for forty-two cattle and in
horse stable for seven horses. The main barn is ninety feet by eighty-four and,
the pea barn is thirty-six feet by sixty. A noticeable thing about the stables is the
roomy passages and the great convenience for feeding ; the hay can be put down
from the top of the barn mow into the feeding room as readily as it can be from
the barn floor ; this is done by having a square opening running up the whole
height of the hay mow and so arranged that the hay can be forked into it at any
level. One mow at the end of the barn is kept entirely for hay. This is closely
boarded with dressed and jointed lumber from the floor to the peak of the roof, and
for the purpose of getting in the hay are large doors through which a horse fork is
operated. This close boarding prevents entirely any dust from getting to the hay — -
We thought the plan an excellent one. Another good idea carried out is in having a
building attached to and running back from the barn in which is the hor^e-power
used for threshing, cutting feed and pulping turnips ; with this arrangement labor
can be utilized to better advantage than it could otherwise be, the men being fully
employed in wet and stormy weather at profitable work as well as the work being
done under conditions much more comfortable to both men and teams.
But the unique feature of this farm is its water arrangement. About three-
quarters of a mile away (or to give strictly accurate figures 173 rods) on the.
further side of the other farm, and at a level 63 feet below the steading, is a
strong spring. A.t the time of a former visit, and shortly after Mr. Waechter had
purchased this adjoining property, we saw this same spring, which appeared a.
99
33 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
5oft and oozing spot, with not sufficient fall to carry the water freely away, and
apparently adding very little, if any, value to the property. Mr. Waechter, how-
3ver, looked at it ditferently. He went to work, took levels, and found that
mfficient fall could be had. After this was obtained a well was sunk and a
lydraulic ram was placed therein, and a |-inch pipe was laid deep enough to be
below the frost line, first to the barns on the Greenock side, where a constant
mpply runs into a trough placed in the barnyard, and then to the homestead
barns on Brant township side, where in all seasons, and no matter how long
3ontinued the drouth may be, a stream steadily runs, the overflow running down
into valley beyond the barns. The carrying out of this work is an illustration of
bhe way in which this winner of the Gold Medal overcomes difficulties. How
many springs there are in Canada which might be utilized in the same way,
v\4nch are now of but little value, simply for the reason that men of Mr.
Waechter's stamp do not own them. If the description that we have given of
bhe work here done, with the profit and the good results which have followed so
arrest the attention of those having facilities for carrying out similar work and
leads them to do as Mr. Waechter has done, it will be worth more to the country
than the entire amount expended this year in making these awards.
A word to our young farmers who may read this report before we pass on to
the next farm. Fairview has not attained its present high place among the
competing farms by accident, nor as the result of a happy combination of circum-
stances. Many of the other competitors had opportunities quite as favorable as
the winner of the highest prize in this contest. Fairview takes the place it has done
as the result of concentration of purpose, and the unflinching determination of its
owner. Mr. Waechter was possessed with detiniteness of aim, which took the
direction of an intense desire for pre-eminence in his own calling, and so
determined was he to excel that no obstacles were too great for him to surmount.
What he has done others who use the like means can also do.
Mil. Tolton's Farm, Spring Bank, Township of Brant, South Bruce.
Spring Bank farm is situated five miles west of Walkerton, and is owned by
Mr. James Tolton. Mr. Tolton is one of the most prominent men in the County
of Bruce, having filled the highest municipal offices in the gift of the people, and
takino" a foremost place as an advanced agriculturist. Perhaps no other farmer
in that section of the country has done more in the way of introducing high class
and pedigreed stock or has been more successful in its management.
The farm comprises 180 acres, the greater part of which is cleared, although
some of it only of late years. This makes it the more difficult to get into show
shape, for it is much more easy to keep land clear of thistles when there is no
obstruction to cultivation than when the fields are covered with stumps. In this
way Mr. Tolton has been placed at a disadvantage with others in this competition.
The soil may be termed a free clay loam, with a subsoil of clay and gravel,
the water getting away freely.
Growing crops had the appearance of having been well put in, and that look
about them which unmistakably speaks of a farm where stock feeding is
extensively carried on. Peas looked especially fine. Turnips had been put in
like those on most farms this season under difficulties.
*
The course of cropping is generally as follows : — Plough up sod for peas,
wheat after peas, then oats, followed by roots, then spring wheat seeded down ;
mow two years and pasture.
100
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 189a
Manure on this farm is carefully preserved from loss by leaking ; it is
applied in the spring for roots, and what is not required for that crop is put on
the land in the fall.
Fifty sheep are kept, about one-half being Oxford Downs. Mr. Tolton has
been very successful as an exhibitor of this class of sheep, having been a prize
winner at different times at the Provincial, Industrial, Hamilton, and Northern
shows, winning amongst other prizes Provincial silver medal for the best Canadian,
bred flock.
As well as being a breeder of high class sheep, Mr. Tolton also goes extensively
into Durhams, of which he keeps a large herd. At this time there is on hand,
eleven cows, with a lot of promising young bulls and heifers.
The stock bull now in use is Mountain Hero, a red two-year old bred by Mr..
David Rea, of Eramosa. This bull, besides having other prizes to his credit, was
the winner of the first prize and diploma as a calf at the Guelph Central.
Calves are allowed to suckle until about eight months old, are kept in the
stable during the first summer, and are liberally fed. This we find to be the plan,
followed by most of the best stock men in this province.
The pigs we found to be like the cattle and the sheep — that is, good animals,
and highly bred. In the pens at the time of our visit there was a very nice lot
of Berkshires.
The fences are good, and it may be classed as a well-fenced farm.
The buildings, including dwelling-house, are a superior lot. The barn is
90 ft. by 58, with stabling under the whole building. Attached to the barn at
one end is a large implement-house, with root cellar under.
Sheep-houses are large and roomy, with convenient yards for dividing the
sheep into different lots, as may be required.
Two-storey brick house, with pleasant surroundings. Two orchards, with
healthy-looking, well-pruned trees.
Everything about this place goes to show that it is managed by a man of"
energy and practical knowledge, but withal it will require some time yet before
the fields are sufficiently free from obstructions to cultivation to enable the pro-
prietor to get them in that condition which is necessary when competing for
prizes in such a well-farmed district as the County of Bruce.
Bidding good-bye to Mr. Tolton, and with a feeling of satisfaction that this
was the end of our work for the time being, we started on our way back to
Walkerton. Next morning we left for home, parting company at Palmerston,
each anxious to get back to our own hayfields to see that if while criticizing the
management of other farmers that no mismanagement was going on at home.
Before closing our report we would take this opportunity of expressing our
acknowledgment of the courtesy and kindness to each and all of the families of"
the competitors. Wherever we went we met with kind-hearted hospitality.
All of which is respectfully submitted.
JOHN I. HOBSON, )^
WM. DONALDSON. ^'-^^^9^^-
101
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 8).
A. 1890
REPORT OF THE JUDGES ON PRIZE FARMS, 1889.
To the Council of the Agriculture and Arts Association :
Having been appointed judges of the southern portion of gvoup No. 3,
comprising the Counties of Huron, Perth, Wellington and part of Dufierin, we
commenced our duties on the 24th June, a period which fortunately for us dated
the commencement of a change from the constant wet weather which prevailed
in the spring and from which the crops in many parts of the country have suffered,
especially in those districts where the soil is of a heavy character and draining is
required. The entries this year, in our portion of the group, number twenty-four,
an unusually large number, the particulars of which are given below .• —
Name.
Isaac Fisher . .
John Kernighan . .
Thomas Burns. . . .
Thomas Harris. . . .
Robert Armstrong
George Hyde
Thomas Hall. . .
John Riddel
Thos. E. Gibson . .
Charles Walker . .
John Hodgson ....
Peter Campbell . . .
Wm. Kerslake
Walter Sorby
Jas. G. Wright. . .
Robt. Shortreed . . .
Thos. Pritchard..,
Israel Grotf
James Hunter
John Metcalfe . . .
Peter Rennie
Edward Holborne.
Samuel Graham . . .
James Reith
P. 0. Address.
Goderich ....
Benmiller ....
Carlow
Dungannon . .
Constance ....
Shakespeare. .
Milbank
Milverton . . .
Poole .......
Mitchell
Cromarty ....
Guelph
Elora
Alma
Barnet
Fergus
G rand Valley
County.
Huron
Perth
Wellington ,
Dufferin
Lot,
6, con. 2
13, con. 2
6, con. 7
7 and 8, con. 4
1, con. 7
I'Jand 20, con. 2
18, con. 7
10, con. 5
S. h, lot 1, con. 2
13, "con. 1
4, con. 4
21 and E. i^ 22, con. 10...
a3and W."^22, Con. 10..
9 and 10, con. 5
9 and 10, Qon. 2
1, 2, 3 and 4, con. 4
2, con. A
4 and 5, con. 4 W
3, 4 and 5, con. 3
3, con. 9
13 and 14, con. 1
N. h 22, con. 11
29, con. 2
31, con. 4
Township.
Colborne.
Ashfield.
Hullett.
North East Hope.
Mornington.
Hibbert.
Puslinch.
Guelph.
Pilkington.
Nichol.
East Luther.
We meet at Woodstock at the date before mentioned on the morning train,
in which we proceeded to Stratford where we procured a conveyance, our destin-
ation being the farm owned and occupied by Mr. George Hyde.
Mr. George Hyde's Farm, Township of North East Hope.
Silver Medal.
Hyde Park Farm is situate on the 20th side line, one mile north of the village of
Shakespeare, and comprises 150 acres of clay loam on a clay subsoil, the portion
under cultivation being on the north side of the farm, a fair hardwood bush,
which is carefully managed, occupying the southern portion, alongside of which
is a goodly supply of cedar, perhaps not the least valuable of the wood lot, while
deep in the recesses of the bush flows a living spring, which in the dryest time
has never failed. The crops this year comprise 10 acres of fall wheat, 6 acres of
spring wheat, 4 acres of peas, 20 acres of oats, 4 of barley, 5 of roots and 16 acres
of hay ; the average per acre for the last four years being — fall wheat 32, oats 45,
102
63 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8) A. 1890
iDarley 27, hay 2 tons and turnips 550 bushels. Spring wheat and peas have not
been sown for some years previously, so we were unable to ascertain the average
yield. The crops generally looked well, especially the hay, which was very heavy,
and the tillage was very clean, the land, with the exception of a pasture field,
being completely free from thistles and weeds. The rotation of crops pursued by
Mr. Hyde, is as follows : sod, if clean, is ploughed immediately after harvest,
followed by either the gang plough or the cultivator and then sown to fall wheat.
The following year the field is manured in the fall and the spring roots are put
in ; the next year barley or oats are sown and the land seeded down with timothy
and clover. The stock at the time of our visit consisted of 5 head of Shorthorn
■€Ows and 13 head of excellent grade Shorthorns, all of which were in grand order;
a red grade cow sired by Prince of the West would compare favorably indeed
with many a pure bred. Two working teams are kept, all being mares, which
are also used for breeding purposes, one having a fine colt by "Highland Boy "
running at her side. In the pig pens were a brood sow, and 6 strong pigs
fattening and about ready to turn off, while in an adjoining pen were 7 younger
ones coming on to fill their place. The farm is well supplied with water, an
important item where stock is concerned. In addition to the spring before referred
to, Mr. Hyde was at some trouble in diverting the course of a little rill into his
barnyard, but after the work had been nearly completed to supply fell short and
Mr. Hyde was compelled to seek a fresh base of opei^ations. This by means of a
careful survey he succeeded in finding, and his exertions have resulted in bringing
into his yard a never-failing stream of clear flowing water. The outbuildings are
a lot of useful buildings which answer their purpose, yet it is in this point where
Mr. Hyde principally fails, when in competition with farms on which the buildings
have the more recent improvements ; and on farms where stock raising and
feeding are principally carried on, we hold that light and ventilation are of the
utmost importance to the health and well doing of the animals. The main barn
100x76 including the overshott is on a stone basement in which are the turnip cellar
and stabling for cattle, the manure being kept underneath the overshott. Another
barn 5(>x.30 is also on a stone basement ; the main floor of this building is used
entirely for hay, the horse stabling being underneath in the basement. Another
frame building 76x20 is used as a sheep house and pig-pen, and fronting the
main barn, forms a complete shelter to the cattle yard in stormy weather. The
•dwelling house is a comfortable stone edilic 26x36 with an addition 24x16, and
the small garden was neat and tidily kept, one side of it being bounded by a
movable fence planned by Mr. Hyde himself It has the appearance of an
■ordinary garden picket fence made in 12 feet sections, but instead of the scantling
being nailed to the posts, tliey are bolted, which enables the fence to be very
quickly moved and packed away, and thus obviates any difficulty from snow
drifting against it.
The private roads were in good order, except in one place where a recent rain
storm had ploughed a channel across and washed a deposit into the hay crop, and
along these roads and also along the boundaries of the farm that touch the public
roads rows of shade trees are planted. Draining has not been neglected and the
farm has been underdrained to a considerable extent, the material used in the
earlier drains being loose stone, but all those that have recently been laid down
are of tile. The labor employed (m this farm is one man hired by the year ; an
extra man being employed during the winter months. We consider this a very
well cultivated farm and strong in all points save one : the fertility of the soil is
kept up, wheat and barley are the only ci'ops sold, everything else being fed and
in addition some peas and oats are purchased for feeding purposes. The land is
clean and the crops good, and as we before remarked the cattle were a very superior
103
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No 8). A. 1890
lot, and but for the one point before referred to, it is probable that Mr. Hyde
would have taken a higher place ; as it is we award him the silver medal for the
best farm in the riding of North Perth. Having taken our leave of Mr. Hyde
we returned to Stratford in time to catch the evening train to Mitchell where we
spent the night, and the next morning saw us on our way to the farm of
Mr. John Hodgson, Township of Hibbert, '
which consists of 100 acres of very level lying clay loam in a good state of
cultivation. The crops on it being fall wheat 11 acres, spring wheat 2^, oats 7,
barley 7, roots 3, hay 16, pasture 25, fallow 13 and the balance in bush, the
average per acre for the last four years being fall wheat 25 bushels, spring wheat
25, oats 50, barley 35, mangolds 500 bushels, turnips (measured) 800, potatoes ISC'
and hay Ih tons. Considerable work has been done in the way of draining, and
great difficulty was experienced in obtaining an outlet for the underdrains of
which 3,000 rods of tile have been laid down ; finally Mr. Hodgson was compelled
to make a large open drain, a work of considerable magnitude, into which the
tile now empty. The method of cultivation followed by Mr. Hodgson is to sow
peas on sod, followed by manure and roots, then barley or spring wheat, then oats,
followed by a summer fallow and another coating of manure when the land is
sown to fall wheat and seeded down with timothy and clover, 5 lbs. of each ;.
when it remains one or two years in a meadow. In former years Mr. Hodgson
used to grow turnips and about 10 acres of potatoes annually, but having unfortu-
nately been afflicted with a stroke of paralysis, which precludes him doing much
himself, he restricts himself to growing mangolds and a lesser acreage of potatoes,
one and a half acres being the quantity of land devoted to that vegetable this
year. To economise time and labor in paris greening, he uses a cheap and simple
invention, it is formed of the wheels of his sulky rake which are attached to a
framework with shafts, the axle-tree being of such a width that the wheels run
on the outside to two rows of potatoes : on this framework is placed two water-
tight wooden boxes, with a wooden spout in the rear end and at the bottom of
each box, in such a position that each spout is immediately over a row of potatoes ;
a watering pot spout is then placed on each spout, the incline from the shafts
causing the paris green to empty itself through the noses, while the motion of the
horse keep the mixture stirred up. The cattle were a fair lot of Shorthorn grades,
comprising 2 milch cows and 16 head of 3^ounger cattle. Stock feeding is followed
to a certain extent ; Mr. Hodgson's practice being to fatten annually from 6 to 8
head (partly of his own raising and part bought) on grass with a little peas and
barley, and turn them off for the local market about the month of October. But
3 working horses were on the farm at the time of our inspection, although 4 are
usually kept, but a two year old colt sired by " General Withen " is being raised by
Mr. Hodgson to fill the vacant position. Pigs number 19 head, of Berkshire type
as far as color was concerned, but otherwise below the average. It is in out-
buildings where Mr. Hodgson principally fails. They are old fashioned, with no
basement and altogether the stabling is far behind the requirements which are
now considered essential on a farm. The main barn 40x70 is a frame building
adjoining a frame stable which contains stallsfor five horses,the only accommodation
for cattle being five stalls a pen for calves, in addition to which an open shed is
boarded up in winter for the young stock. The house is substantially built of
brick and is well adapted to the requirements of the farm. Here too (conveniently
adjacent to the house) was one of the old fashioned ovens, which is even now on
occasions used for baking, also a well ventilated brick dairy. Although Mr.
Hodgson does not score high enough to gain a medal, we must bear testimony to
104
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
the excellent cultivation of his farm ; the crops were good, the mangolds were
well forward and a very even catch ; the farm appeared remarkably clean, not a
noxious weed or thistle was to be seen, the fences, snake rail, and barbed wire,
with a board at the top and bottom, were in good order, while all obstacles to
cultivation, such as stones, etc., had been removed and neatly piled. Taking our
leave ot Mr. Hodgson we hurried on our way to the farm of
Mk. Peter Campbell, Hibbert.
Equal, Bronze Medal.
There are 150 acres in this farm, 73 acres of which are under cultivation, 40 in
bush and the balance being in pasture and consisting principally of flats. The
soil is a clay loam on limestone, the subsoil under the flats being blue clay. The
arable land is drained where required with tile, the drainage of the flats being
effected by a large open drain which runs the full length of the flats and acts as
a boundary between Mr. Campbell and bis neighbor Mr. Kerslake, while it supplies
watering places for stock on each farm. The fences are snake rail, straight rail and
post, and barbed wire, a quantity of the latter kind having been recently put up.
The crops looked well and the meadows were heavy, but a good many thistles
were scattrred about here and there. The rotation of crops as given us by Mr.
Campbell is as follows : — Peas are sown on sod, then fall wheat, followed by oats ;
a coating of manure is then applied, and the field seeded down to grass with
barley. The system of farming followed may be termed mixed ; grain is sold and
some times a little hay, the dairy department being represented by cream which
is sent to the creamary. Stock raising and feeding is likewise practiced to
some extent, but it is in horses that Mr. Campbell evidently takes most interest ;
at this we were the more surprised as we found in him a warm advocrte of barbed
wire fencing, which is usually the hete noire of the horseman, and of which he
has put up a considerable quantity. The breed of horses (as might be surmised
from his name) which are kept by Mr. Campbell, is the Clydesdale, of which he
has three good mares, one of them byname "Black Bess," being an imported mare sired
by "Sir George," the other two being Canadian bred, but eligible (we were informed)
for registration ; in the same field were running a yearling Clyde stallion out of
the imported mare, and a good looking sorrel pony for driving. Horse breeding,
says Mr. Campbell, is profitable, and he mentioned as a proof, that in March last he
sold a two year old Clyde stallion, sired by imported "Commander" [613] (2029) out
of" Black Bess," to go to Pennsylvania for the handsome sum of $800, the weight
of the colt at the time of sale being 1,740 lbs. The horned cattle numbered 29
in all, amongst these were 2 Shorthorn cows and a calf, and 5 milch cows, 3 of
which were pure white and displayed strong characteristics of not only being
good milkers, but also good feeders ; the remainder of the cattle were younger stock
principally Shorthorn grades. A few pigs are kept to consume the offal, and 7
sheep of the Leicester type complete the list of the stock. The outbuildings were
good and suitable to the requirements of the farm, the main barn 94x.50, to which a
straw shed 36x50 is attached, rests on a stone basement which contains the horse
and cattle stabling, the fiooring of the former is composed of good sized stone
flags, which make a solid and even floor, but is somewhat slippery in wet and
frosty weather. The cow stabling was warm and comfortable, but as not well
lighted as it might have been ; the stables were fitted with racks, for long feed, over
mangers which were open in front to admit of feeding cut feed and chop from
the alley running along the heads of the cattle. The other buildings comprised a
driving house 20x30 and a pig-pen also paved with flat stones. The dwelling
105
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
house is substantially built of stone work erected in the year 1880, in the front
was a small flower garden neatly kept, the vegetable garden also containing a
strawberry patch, which although somewhat injured by the frost yet gave promise
of a fair crop.
The area of crops were : fall wheat 13 acres, spring wheat Ih, barley 8>
Egyptian oats 1.5, peas 5, roots (mangolds and turnips) Ih, hay 29, the average
yield per acre for the last four years being, fall wheat 26 bushels, barley 40, oats
60, peas 2-5 and hay 1| tons.
We had not far to go to make our next inspection as Mr. Kerslake's property
joins Mr. Campbell's and we were fortunate not only to find him at home, but
also the former owner, from whom we were enabled to get information as to the
former management of this farm, for Mr. Kerslake has only just recently purchased
this property.
Mr. Kerslake's Farm, Hibbert.
Equal, Bronze Medal.
This farm which consists of 150 acres, is situate, with the exception of a portion
'Of pasture flats, on the side of a bank which gradually slopes downwards to the
bush at the rear end of the farm, the soil being clay loam on a subsoil very
similar to that of the last farm. Fencing is effected by the means of a barb wire,
rail fences and board fence, while a neatly trimmed white thorn hedge surrounds
the garden and also extends along one side of an adjoining field, which adds not
only greatly to the aspect, but also acts as a good protection to the crops. Under-
draining has been done where requisite, the older drains being of boards, but the
later ones are all tile. The crops this year are: — Fall wheat 11 acres, spring
wheat 1, oats 10, barley 26, peas o, roots 3^, hay 29 acres ; the average crop per
acre for the last four years being, fall wheat 26 bushels, oats 60, barley last year
averaging 46 and peas 50 bushels, hay 2 tons.
The system of cultivation which has been pursued up to this time, we were
informed by Mr. Hogarth, the late owner, was to summer fallow, sod and apply
manure if needed, then fall wheat is put in, followed by two crops of either oats
or barley alternately and seeded down to grass with the second crop. Mr. Hogarth
is a firm believer in salt for barley and for the last ten years he has purchased
salt and applied it at the rate of 250 lbs per acre, when the barley is about two
inches high with beneficial results. The crops, with the exception of the hay
which seemed injured by last year's drought, promised a good return and were
fairly free from thistles and weeds. From eight to nine head of cattle have been
fattened off every year by the late owner, but Mr. Kerslake intends paying more
attention to stock and to feed all the coarse grain, disposing only of the barley
«,nd wheat. The stock at the time of our visit comprised 6 head of useful Short-
horn grades, 9 young cattle and 6 calves. He does not own any pure bred females,
ibut he keeps a Shorthorn bull. Baron Ingram, = 10692 = bred by J. Freeman,
of St. Mary's. The horses were five in number, two of which were Canadian
bred Clydesdale mares, eligible we believe for registration and each had a good
foal by their side, one of which promises to develop into a very blocky animal
with great bone, both coltswere sired by the imported horse " Tanna Hill " (4745).
A small flock of sheep are also kept, four of the ewes being half bred Shropshire
-and the ram a pure Shrop bred by Mr. W. Heron, of Ashburn. A brood sow
partly Suffolk with a fine litter of nine young pigs sired by a Yorkshire boar,
acepresent the porcine race. The barn and outbuildings are roomy, convenient and
well tStted for the purposes Mr. K. will require them for. The main barn is 50x40
106
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
with a lean-to of 11 feet, the horse stable at the end of the barn 18x36, being
paved with stone flagging. A well built basement supports the main barn and
contains a well lighted and airy cattle stable, a row of loose boxes also paved with
flags run along one side of the building while cedar blocking forms the flooring
of the cattle stables and the alley behind, the feeding arrangements being
almost identical with those of Mr. Campbell's. Another barn 62x36 is divided
into two parts, the one being the implement house, contains a well and pump, the
other portion being the sheep house and pig-pen. The dwelling is a comfortable
farm house and is built of stone, 40x28 in measurement on the hill before referred to,
from which a flne view of the surrounding country is Obtained, behind it is the
kitchen garden which was well kept and clean, and had the white thorn hedges
been in blossom would have reminded us of the month of May in the Old Country.
The competition between this farm and Mr. Campbell's was so close that we were
unable to decide between them, Mr. Campbell scores high in stock, especially in
his horses, and his crops were a little heavier especially his hay. Again Mr.
Kerslake was ahead in his outbuildings and their general surroundings, and his
farm was a little freer from thistles than that of his neighbor, we have therefore
with your consent awarded to each an equal bronze medal. Taking the evening
train at Mitchell, we arrived that night at the prett}^ town of Goderich, and the
next mornino; having procured a conveyance, we crossed the long bridge under
which the river Maitland flows in a broad pellucid stream, in quest of the farm of
Mr. Isaac Pisher, Colborne Township.
Silver Medal.
Greenhurst, as Mr. Fisher has named it, consists of 185 acres of clay loam
soil on a subsoil of cla3^ The approach is by a gentle declivity, on either side of
which lies a good sized pond of apparently stagnant water, as there was no per-
ceptible outlet, but to our surprise we were told that the water kept sweet and
good the whole year round. After passing by the ponds a slight ascent brought us
to the dwelling house, and buildings. Mr. Fisher was unfortunately absent on a
visit to the States, but his place was ably filled by his son, who accompanied us
over the farm. The crops were : Fall wheat, 40 acres ; barley 4 ; oats 20 ; pease,
10 ; hay, 30 ; roots (mangolds and turnips), 6 acres ; pasture, 60, and the average
per acre for the last four years was : fall wheat, 3.5 bushels ; barley, 40 bushels ;
oats, 40 bushels; peas, 30 bushels; hay 2 tons, and roots 1,000 bushels. Mr.
Fisher is an experimentalist in wheat, and had six different kinds growing, viz. :
The Surprise, Winter Imperial, Democrat, Manchester, Volunteer and Garfield,
which afforded an unusually good opportunity of contrasting and comparing the
different varieties. Out of these a ten acre field sown with Surprise wheat
immediately attracted our attention, being remarkably even and thick, good
healthy looking straw, and promising to produce a heavy yield ; in fact, this was
the best field of wheat we saw during the whole of our inspection. In addition
to the wheats referred to, a smaller strip of spring wheat had been tried as an
experiment. The fences were in capital order ; good strong rails staked and
ridered, rails laid straight betvveen two posts; rather an excess of zeal, we thought,
as a good staked, properly wired, would have answered the same purpose, but a
fault in the right direction; wire fence (two strands twisted, but not barbed) with
a pole along the top and board fence form the boundary and inside fencing, while
along the front ol' the farm the outside fence is barbed wire, which at first had a
pole along the top, but Mr. Fisher, not liking the appearance ot it, replaced the
poles with scantlings, which makes a much neater fence. Considerable draining
has been done. Twelve or fifteen years ago board drains were laid down and are
107
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 189a
still working well, but Mr. Fisher is now only using tile. From the building
backwards the land lies fairly level till at the extreme rear the plain terminates
in an abrupt descent of about 60 feet, at the bottom of which is the wood lot.
Near the foot of this descent a strong spring comes bubbling out of the earth. It
is here that Mr. Fisher obtains not only his supply of water for the stock pastur-
ing in the bush and adjoining pasture land, but also the supply for his barnyard,,
as well as the necessary power for forcing it thither. Tiiis is effected by means
of a ram, a little concealed worker which ceases not day or night, and sends a
continuous stream of water through iron pipes a distance of 44 rod, with an eleva-
tion of 65 feet, at a cost, we were told, of $150. The rotation of crops is usually
to sow pease on sod, then oats, followed by a summer fallow and a dressing of
manure, and seed down to grass with fall wheat. Five horses of a useful type,
one of them a brood mare with a colt by her side, form the horse power used on
this farm, Mr. Fisher being assisted by his son, and one man hired by the year.
A small herd of Shorthorns numbering twelve head are kept, headed by a stylish
red imported bull of great quality, called "Dublin," (55588) bred by S. Campbell, of
Kinsellar, Aberdeenshire. Among the cows we were particularly pleased with the
roan imported cow, " Rosabel " = 5202 =also bred by Mr. Campbell, being remarkably
good over the shoulder and deep through the breast ; " Vesey Fifth " = 8095=a red
and white cow tracing to " Young Mary," (imp.) = 557 = is a neat animal, but is up in
years. Among the young pure breds were also some good heifers, 4 grade cows, 16;
steers just ready to turn off, and 10 younger cattle, with 8 Berkshire grade pigs, com-
plete the tale of the live stock. Mr. Fisher, as «nay be imagined, is a cattle feeder.
His practice is to purchase a two-year old and feed through the winter and finish
them off on grass. The average cost of each steer has been about $28, the average
price realized being about $60 per head. His method of feeding is to mix chop
and turnips twelve hours ahead, the ration allowed each steer being about four
quarts of oats and pease in equal quantities. All the crops are fed with the excep-
tion of wheat and a little barley, and occasionally a little hay when the price is.
high is also disposed of. The outbuildings were good, well constructed and con-
venient, as is generally the case when good stock is kept. The farm buildings-
form three sides of a square, the main barn being 70 x 70, on a stone basement,,
containing cattle stalls and horse stabling, all paved with stone, the cattle stalls
being fitted with racks for hay above the mangers. The manure is kept under a
building 40 x 60, the upper portion of which is a straw shed. Another building,
20 X 12, is used as a hay barn, under which are several box stalls and tlie bull
house, while on the fourth side of the yard is a lariie water tank filled by the
ram before referred to. The house is a good brick dwelling, the main part being
86 x 84, and the kitchen 24 x 28, with all conveniences, and in the dining room
we saw an oil painting of a horse, which was, we were told, owned by Mr. Fisher's
father, who was, we believe, the first to introduce a heavy draught stallion into
this part of the countty, from which it would seem that Mr. Fisher has inherited
a love of live stock, although his fancy turns to cattle rather than horses. This
horse, the original of the portrait, was the imported Shire horse, " England's
Glory " (737), who commenced his prize winning career in England ; and in this
country, although continually exhibited, was, up to the year 1872, never beaten,
and although the posture of the animal in the painting is somewhat stifl", yet
many of the characteristics of the Shire are plainly to be recognized.
Mr. John Kernighan's Farm, Colborne Township.
Leaving Mr. Fisher we proceed to Mr. Kernighan's, the rays of the midday sun
beating fiercely down, to the discomfort not only of ourselves but also of our gallant
108
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
little black mare, and it was a welcome relief when we turned into the avenue of
thrifty young maple trees which shade the entrance road to Mr. Kernighan's resi-
dence. Mr. Kernighan farms 100 acres of clay loam on a sandy subsoil, his crops
this year being — fall wheat, 7 acres ; oats, 10 acres ; barley, 10 acres ; pease, 5
«,cres ; hay, 10 acres ; corn, 3 acres, and turnips, 3 acres, the average returns per
acre for the last four years being : fall wheat, 25 bushels ; oats, 50 bushels ;
barley, 30 bushels ; pease, 30 bushels ; corn, 30 bushels (shelled) ; turnips, 500
bushels, and hay, 1^ tons. The fencing is well kept up, board, barbed wire and
zig-zag rails being the materials employed. The dwelling house, 36 x 34, is a
'brick edifice, approached from the private road by a neat gravel walk leading
through ornamental shrubs to the front door. At the rear of the house is the
orchard, in which are a variety of different kinds of fruits, the greater
proportion, however, consisting of winter apples. Great attention is evidently
paid to this department, and the trees look healthy and flourishing. The out-
Ibuildings are conveniently situated within easy distance of the house, and form
three sides of a square. Water was formerly obtained from a well, but now a con-
tinuous stream of Water is supplied by a natural fall from a spring on the high
land adjoining. The m-ain barn is 50 x 70, on a well built stone basement in
which are the cattle stables, the flooring being composed of plank, but no divisions
are placed between the cattle, the stock being merely chained to poles. It is Mr.
Kernighan's intention to fit up a portion of this basement as a horse stable, but
at the time of our visit it was in an unfinished state. Another portion is likewise
used as a poultry house. A frame building, 48 x 24, is the drive house and pre-
sent horse stable, with a hay loft overhead, the east side of the yard being
sheltered by the hog-pen and sheep-house. The stock comprised 20 head of grade
-cattle, 4 horses, one of which, a two-year old filly of Clydesdale parentage, has
recently been purchased for breeding purposes ; a few sheep (cross-bred Leicester
and Southdown) are kept, as well as 19 hogs of Suffolk origin. The rotation of
crops practised is as follows : — First year, a sod field is ploughed in the spring and .
oats put in ; second year, manure is applied, and a portion is sown with pease and
part with corn ; thiixl year, turnips are put in on the corn land, and wheat on
that portion which had been in pease ; fourth year, barley and grass seeds. Mr.
Kernighan makes a specialty of his orchard, and last year sold 263 barrels of apples,
from the sale of which he realized $255. The only crops sold are wheat and a
little barley, but nothing else, Mr. Kernighan looking for his returns principally
from the sale of his apples, fat cattle and hogs. His labor bill will likewise be
light, as he and his son work the farm without much outside help, and from his
farm accounts, which he showed us, although no regular balance sheet had been
struck, we were enabled to see that the profits were on the rigiit side. There was
one thing that at once struck our attention in Mr. Kernighan's house, and that was
his library, which was well tilled with books of different kinds, from the ponderous
statute books of Ontario to the lighter literature of fiction. In few farm houses
indeed have we seen so much food for the mind. Our next point was the farm of
Mr. Thos. Burns, Township of Colborne.
A long drive over a wretched road brought us to our destination. It may,
perhaps, be thought that we were growing fastidious, as the roads we had up
to this time travelled had been wonderfully good, but when one has to turn off" a
road to avoid breaking a wheel or axletree and scale the sides at an angle of about
forty-five degrees, we certainly think we have just cause for complaint. Mr.
Burns farms 100 acres of mixed soil, varying from clay loam to gravel, on a
gravelly subsoil, which consequently requires no underdraining. The crops on
109
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
the farm were : fall wheat, 10 acres ; barley, 10 ; oats, 17 ; pease, 10 ; turnips, 3 ;
potatoes, 2, and hay, 10, the average for the last four years being : fall wheat, 30
bushels; barley, 35 ; oats, 40 ; peas, 25 ; turnips, 500; potatoes, 200, ami hay, 1^
tons. The house, which is situate near the road, is of frame construction. The
outbuildings are also all frame and no basements, the size of the main barn being ^O*
X 60, horse stable and drive house 80 x 58, and the cow stable 24 x 40. The
fences were in fair repair, and consisted of barb wire, with a board at the top and
bottom, the Russell patent and ordinary board fences. Adjoining the house i&
one acre of orchard, chietly Baldwins and Russets, besides which there is one-half
acre of cherry orchard. The stock on the farm were two working teams and one
brood mare, 17 head of grade Shorthorns, mostly young stock, and 3 grade Chester
white pigs. The rotation pursued is very similar to that of Mr. Campbell, and
altogether there was nothing special to take it out of the category of any other
farm fairly worked.
Mr. Thomas Harris's Farm, Township of Ashfield.
Our next point was the farm of Mr. Thomas Harris. So, according to the
directions of our host at Goderich, we once more crossed the River Maitland, and
passing by the spacious barns of Mr. Attrill, the well-known Shorthorn breeder^
we reached the Village of Nile, where further directions became necessary, and
we were soon put on the road for our destination. The house is a comfortable
brick dwelling, 22 x 33, with a slated roof, and is approached by a neatly kept
gravel drive, ending at the front door in ^ sweep with a parterre of flowers in the
centre. Mr. Harris farms 154 acres, a considerable portion of it being nice level
lying land, a poi'tion of it being intersected by a deep ravine, through which runs
a little stream of water. The character of the soil is variable, a portion being:
sandy and a part clay loam, the subsoil being mostly clay. Feeding stock and
fruit growing being the chief branches to which Mr. Harris principally turns his
attention, the crops grown are of the kind suitable to that object. They were :
fall wheat, 10 acres ; oats, 37 acres ; hay, 24 acres ; bush, 7 acres ; orchard, 5 acres,,
the balance being pasture land, the averages for the last four years being : fall
wheat, 20 bushels ; oats, 40 bushels, and hay, li tons. The orchard consisted
chietly of winter fruits, and the trees were remarkably healthy and luxuriant in
growth. A portion of it had been planted more recently, and peach, plum and
pear trees were intermingled between the apple trees, as being more short lived,
they would be ready to be removed by the time the apple trees required their full
space of room. The yield of this orchard last year, so we were told, was 195-
barrels of saleable fruit. Attention has been paid to arboriculture, and a row of
young maples surround two sides of the farm. The fences were in good order —
ordinary rail fence, board and wire, Russell patent and board fence. With the
exception of the oats the crops were below the average, especially the hay, which
was short. Mr. Harris's method of management is to sow wheat or oats on sod ;
next year, summer fallow and seed down with fall wheat, the rule being to break
up a field every year and seed down a field every year. A novel method of grow-
ing' Swede turnips is practised on this farm, which was quite unprecedented in the
experience of your judges. Mr. Harris mixed the turnip seed with his clover
seed, and sows it when seeding down with his oats or wheat. After the grain
crop is removed from the land the turnips grow among the stubble and grass, and
are in due time harvested. It is possible that where the grain is thin that this,
system might answer to a certain extent, but your judges are of opinion that such a
practice must l)e detrimental to one or other of the two crops, and probably to.
both. Underdraining has been done to a certain extent, the material used being;
110
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
lumber. The stock consisted of 6 milch cows, 20 head of fat cattle, 10 younger
cattle, and 6 calves, all Shorthorn grades, 2 ))igs being kept for home consumption.
Two span of horses do the work on the farm, and these, with a two-year old filly j,
complete the list of quadrupeds. Mr. Harris procures his feeding stock not only-
by raising all his calves, but also by purchase, his preference being for two-year
olds coming three, feeding them through the winter and finis-^iing them off on
grass. These he has usually been able to buy at a cost per head of from $25 to
$30 in the fall, and the average price realized on their sale about $58. During
the winter the ration for an average beast is about 1 gallon of chop in the pro-
portion of I })eas to I oats and al)out If bushels of turnips per diem, long hay
being fed once and straw twice a day. The outbuildings are of recent erection,
and the barnyard is freshly gravelled. The main barn, 70 x 82, is on a stone
basement 10 feet high, in which were both the horse stable and cattle stalls, the
floors being all cedar blocked, the drive house, with a workshop overhead, being
conveniently attached to the dwelling house. Considerable improvements have
been done on this farm around the buildings, especially when one considers that
Mr. Harris works the farm entirely by himself, with the help of a man during
the summer months ohly, but much more remains to be done before it can be
called a model farm.
Mr. Egbert Armstrong's Farm, Township of Hullett.
Finding that Seaforth was the nearest point on the railroad to this farm, we
next proceeded thither, and procuring a conveyance, hied on our way to the resi-
dence of Mr. Armstrong. While driving along we observed a noticeable diflference
in the class of horses we met, instead of light horses or horses pertaining to no
definite type, we here were continually meeting teams of good heavy horses for
which this district is famed, not only in Canada, but in the States. We found in
Mr. Armstrong an enterprising young farmer who devotes himself principally to
raising heavy horses and sheep, but at the same time not neglecting the other
departments of the farm. His farm consists of 100 acres of sandy loam, the sub-
soil being clay and in some places sand. The dwelling house and buildings are
situate on the lee side of a steep knoll, which Mr. Armstrong has planted with
trees, and which will not only form a fine shelter to his buildings, but also add to
the landscape view. Rows of maples have also been planted along his lane, and a
belt of evergreens, several trees deep, will in time keep oft" the winter blasts from
his yard and outbuildings. With the exception of that knoll before referred to,
the farm is fairly level, with suificient fall for drainage. The acreage under cul-
tivation were : Fall wdieat, 10 acres ; barley, 7 acres ; oats, 9 acres ; oats and peas
(^for soiling), 3 acres ; flax, h acie ; roots and corn, 7 acres ; hay, 20 acres, the
average per acre for the last four years being : Fall wheat, 30 bushels ; barley, 30
bushels ; oats, 60 bushels ; turnips, 750 bushels, and hay, 1 J- tons. The system of
management is to spread the manure on the sod, and then plough for roots ; after
roots two or three grain crops are taken, the field beings seeded down with the
last grain crop, tvhich is usually barley. Wlieat and barley and hay, if high in
price, are sold, all the other crops being fed, while to counteract the loss of the
crops sold, Mr. Armstrong is in the habit of buying manure from the stables in the
Village of Kilburn, and drawing it on to the farm. The dwelling house is a frame
structure, 18 x 28, but comfortable and sufficiently large at present at any rate
for Mr. Armstrong's family. The ground in front of the house was, at the time,
of our visit, in a state of chaos, as a terrace was in process of formation, but which^
when finished, will nmch improve the foreground. The barn, 56 x 70, is quite
new (Mr. Armstrong, not long ago, having been burnt out) ; a stone basement
111
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
underneath, 9 feet 6 inches in height, forms a well lighted stable for horses and
cattle, while an overshott affords a dry passage in front of the doors. The floor-
ing of the stabling is ]ilank, and the mangex's for the horses, which are fed from
in front, are formed of a box (containing a compartment for grain and one for hay)
with hinges at the bottom of the front, so that the manger can be tipped forward
and tilled, and then pushed back to its place. Mr. Armstaong is strong in draught
horses. Two working teams are kept, all mares, two of which were each suckling-
fine colts, the other pair being a very useful span of four-year old mares. A good
yearling and two-year old filly and two other horses, one being a driver, were in
the fields, as were also a flock of 50 sheep, some of them being pure bred Leicesters.
The cattle were grades, and comprised 4 milch cows, from whom butter is made
at home, and 16 younger cattle. Mr. Armstrong keeps a pedigreed Berkshire
boar of Mr. Geo. Green's (Fairview) breeding, one brood sow and two young Suf-
folk sows. The fences were in good order, being principally board fence, snake
rail and sti-aight rail, with stake wired to posts set three feet in the ground,
of which latter kind Mr. Armstrong has recently put up a considerable amount.
The farm was very clean of weeds, and the crops looked well with the exception
of the flax, which, being planted in a low spot, has suffered from the long con-
tinued wet weather. Mr. Armstrong indeed shows an example which is worthy
of emulation ; his farm is clean, his buildings are good, and he beautifies their
surroundings, while his stock, especially his horses, which are evidently his delight,
are far above the average. There are few farms that we have inspected that
can show as much in the way of tree planting, and for these facts and on account
of the enterprise shown by Mr. Armstrong, we recommend, although he is the sole
entry in his township, that a bronze medal be awarded him. Taking our leave of
Mr. Armstrong we returned to Seaforth in time for an early dinner, and finding
we had an hour before our train left, we seized the opportunity of visiting a salt
well which we had not had an opportunity of seeing before. We found the salt
water pumped up into tanks in which the salt gravitated to the bottom, and was
then run off into a large tank under which were large furnaces. In this tank the
salt rises to the surface like scum, and is then raked off' by long handled hoes on
to the sides of the tank, the quality of the salt being regulated by the frequency
of the rakings, the finest sample requiring almost incessant raking. But our
watches bade us not linger, as one of your judges, having an engagement, was
anxious to catch the next train for home, we moved towards the station just in
time to take our seats.
On Monday, 2nd July, as arranged, your judges met at Innerkip, and
taking the morning train for Schaw station, the nearest railroad point to
Puslinch P.O., which by some error had been given us as Mr. W. Sorby's post
office. On reaching Schaw we soon found out our mistake, and as there was no
train to Guelph until evening we decided in favor of hiring a vehicle, which,
.after a drive of twelve or fourteen miles, brought us to Mr. Sorby's farm, which
is called
" The Woodlands Farm," Township of Puslinch:
Just in time to escape a complete wetting for we had scarcely got under
cover of Mr. Sorby's hospitable roof ere the rain fell in torrents. The farm of
which only a portion, 133 acres situate in the Township of Puslinch, was entered
for competition, is a triangle in shape, and with the exception of the gravel ridge
on which are all the buildings, is remarkably level in its formation. The approach
to the house guarded by a massive iron gate hung on stone pillars, reminded us
strongly of many a similar entrance in England, the resemblance being even
112
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
stronger as we proceeded up the trim gravel drive, winding with graceful curves
between the overhanging limbs of the different varieties of evergi eens which weie
tastefully grouped along the sides. At a short distance from the house the drive
diverges, the one leading on a lower level to the stabling, the other inclining gently
upwards to the house, in front of which it assumes an ellyptic shape, and then
joins the other branch at the buildings. If we had not previously known we
should at once have assumed that the grounds had been laid out by a gentleman,
not only of means, but of taste. In front of the house was a conservatory tilled
with choice hothouse vines and the entrance was studded here and there with
trees, shrubs and plants culled from all climes, while on either side of the front
-door was two magnificent specimens of the Aloe family, the pride of Mr. Sorby's
heart. It is indeed a pleasant spot and we would that many a farmer might see
and take pattern thereby, even were it but in a smaller degree. The house, a two
story one, is strongly built of stone, roughcasted, 40 V)y io with kitchen, cellars
and offices in a basement beneath, with a wing 35 by 27. The rain having some-
what abated we proceeded out on our inspection ; it is needless to say that horses
are Mr. Sorby's forte and consequently ail the buildings are arranged to suit the
requirements of that noble animal. As we before remarked, they are situated on a
high gravel ridge, on which are interspersed numerous trees which afford a pleasant
shade ; while beneath the ridge are several paddocks strongly fenced with round
<}edar rails for exercising the stallions. One barn 188 feet long is on a basement
of stone walls in which are 15 stallion boxes with brick partitions, between the
boxes which are fitted with half doors of wood, the top half doors being formed
of iron bai-s, water being supplied to each box from a tank which is filled by the
windmill. Another barn 75 by 34 is of frame with brickwork between the
boarding ; this building contains boxes for 10 horses, with a loft for hay above.
Not content with these buildings Mr. Sorby has recently erected a new stable which
is simply palatial. The ground ftoor is solidly built of stone, the upper story which
is frame being a hay and straw barn ; on the ground fioor a broad driveway runs
through the centre and on each side of it are 10 spacious loose boxes with brick
partitions between, all the woodwork being dressed hardwood ; a trough for water
here, also supplied by the windmill, is in each box, the mangers being placed so
that all feedmg is done from the centre driveway without going into the boxes.
Ventilation has not been forgotten, upward shafts being placed at frequent
intervals, while a large shaft underground will bring in a fresh current of air from
the outside. The live stock at the time of our visit consisted of 3 milch cows and 6
pigs for the use of the house. Horses numbered 19 pure Clydesdales, ten of
them being stallions and the remainder mares, one of the former was the
" Boydston Boy " (111), (imp.) [216] 1872, famous alike in the show ring and
at the stud, one of his sons being the celebrated "Lord Erskine" (1744).
In an adjoining box stood " MacArthur" (imp.) [360] (3815), a prize winner
not only in Scotland but in Canada, who enjoyed the proud distinction in
1887 of never being placed second to any horse. The mares were a useful
lot, one having a promising looking colt sired by "Boydston Boy" at her side. The
stock of horses was low at the time of our visit, large sales having been recently
made at remunerative prices to Manitoba and the States, but Mr. O. Sorby was
expected home in a short while with a large importation to fill up the vacant
stalls. The system in feeding the horses is as follows : — The ration allowed to a
full grown stallion is about three-quarter gallon of crushed oats and about one-
quarter gallon of bran four times a day, long hay being usually fed although
sometimes it is cut. In summer green food is given such as lucerne, clover,
timothy, tares, oats, corn, etc., and in winter carrots and turnips are fed three times a
day, the ration being about six medium size carrots and two turnips. The soil of
8 (A. A.) 113
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
this farm is a loam on a gravelly sandy sub-soil which renders underdrainin^
unnecessary. The farm is remarkably well fenced, the outside fence beinoj board
and the internal fences straight rail and post and snake fence. The average under
crops was, peas, 44 acres; oats, 15 acres; fall wheat, 13 acres; carrots, 5 acres; turnips,
3^ ; potatoes and mangolds, ^ acre ; corn, oats, tares and clover for soiling, 5 acres ;
hay, 27 acres ; the average per acre-for the last 4 years being peas, 18 bushels ; oats,
60 bushels ; fall wheat, 23 bushels ; carrots, 600 bushels ; and turnips, 700 bushels.
The rotation of crops usually adhered to is to put peas on sod, then either wheat
or oats and sometimes a crop of each is taken, a heavy coating of manure is next
applied for the root crop, after which the land is seeded down to grass with oats.
The labor employed is three men hired by the year and two from frost to frost.
A good deal of the work is done by oxen, but some of the imported mares are also
used, and all the horses are kept out as much as possible, Mr. Sorby very rightly
being strongly in favor of fresh air exercises. We were much pleased with the
appearance of the farm, the crops were heavy, particularly the hay, a portion of
which was cut, and there was a pleasing absence of thistles and weeds. The
buildings were exceptionally sujterior to any we have seen and eminently suited
to the horse importing business in which Mr Sorby is engaged, but at the same
time a doubt existed in the minds of your judges as to whether the business comes
within the definition of farming proper, consequently we have recommended that
a bronze medal be awarded to Mr. Sorby, although he is the sole competitor in
in the Township of Puslinch.
Mr. J. G. Wright's Farm, Guelph Township.
An early start the next morning brought us to the residence of Mr. Wright,
who was at home and expecting our arrival, so we at once commenced our inspec-
tion. The residence is well built of brick 80 by 40 and is pleasantly situated on
the side of a swelling bank on which is a considerable portion of the arable land,
while beneath lies 30 acres of Hat pasture land which draws its moisture from the
little creek flowing through its centre. On the other side of the flats the land
again rises to a considerable elevation, on the brow of which is a fine maple bush
comprising about 20 acres. Mr. Wright is very careful of his sugar bush and no
cattle are allowed therein, the result being a dense growth of young trees which
at present add much to the beauty of the spot and in time will become valuable
as timber. The situation of the outbuildings somewhat mars the appearance of
the approach to the house as they lie between it and the public road ; the lawn
in front of the house is kept neatly mown and is surrounded by well-trimmed
cedar hedges, a thorn hedge extending from the house to the road. Mr. Wright
has paid great attention to arboriculture, one of the results of his exertions is to be
seen in the thrifty rows of young maples that surround his outside boundaries.
The farm consists of 185 acres, underd rained with tile where required, the soil
being a loam on a subsoil of hard-pan, that of the flats being black loam on a
sandy substratum. The crops were : — Fall wheat, 10 acres ; oats and peas, 9-|
acres ; oats, 22 acres ; barley, lOJ acres ; roots, 7 acres ; fodder corn, 1 acre ; hay,
26 acres ; the average per acre for the last four years being fall wheat, 30 bushels ;
barley, 40 bushels ; turnips, 595 bushels ; and hay, 2 tons. The rotation of crops
pursued is to plough in manure on a sod field for fall wheat, followed by peas or
oats, then manure is applied for roots and next year spring wheat or barley is put
in and the land seeded down. Mr. Wright is assisted by his son in working the
farm, one man being kept the year round and one for the summer months with
sometimes an extra hand during harvest. Wheat and barley are the only crops
sold, but as Mr. Wright not only keeps a herd of pure Shorthorns, but also feeds
114
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1S9C
cattle, mill feed, more than the equivalent of the grain sold, is purchased and fed
on the farm. The outbuildings consist of a barn 134 by 5o, under part of which
is a stone basement in which are the cattle stalls. The horse stable which is in
the same building is airy and well lighted, the sides of the walls being double
boarded and filled in with concrete, cedar blocks forming the floor. A straw shed
.50 by 24 adjoins the barn and forms a covering for the manure pile. The other
buildings comprise a pig pen 24 by 30, implement shed, another cow stable, the
dwelling house formerly inhabited before Mr. Wright built his Present residence
containing the most useful room on a farm, the carpenter shop. The herd of Short-
horns, number n in all, headed by the yearling bull "Frederick the Great " = 10482 =
bred by Messrs. Watts, of Salem, and a son of their old stock bull "Lord Lansdown,"
(iiiip.) = 22712 = his dam being the famed " Matchless of Elmhurst 2nd " = 3383 = .
Mr. Wright's commencement in Shorthorns was the cow " Lady Day," purchased
from Mr. Parson Young, and the whole of his lierd trace their descent from her.
At the time of the change of standard in the herd book Mr. Wright was unfortunate
enough to have several animals struck out, which has considerably reduced the
number of his herd, as he sold them immediately as grades, and as we were pleased
to hear, at good prices. Three span of horses are kept, one good pair being heavy
draught mares and one pair of drivers ; a roadster brood mare and two yearlings
were likewise in the pasture. Sheep number 21 head, 10 of them being pure
Oxford Downs. Pigs are bought and fed as well as cattle, the latter being usually
stall-fed, and recently, not being satisfied with the prices offered by buyers, Mr.
Wright, in company with some neighbors made a joint consignment of fat cattle to
England, and realized five and one-half cents clear of all expenses. The farm was
free from thistles and weeds and the grain crops good, especially the peas and
. oats, the hay was fair but rather below the average of former years which is
attributable to the bad catches of grass seed. The fences were in good repair and
the gardens, hedges, lawns, etc., were neatly kept. The water supply from an
overflowing spring was good and convenient to the buildings, and when w©
consider that Mr. Wright started farming on a very small capital and is now the
owner of this comfortable and valueable property, we may safely assume that he
has worked his farm not only profitably but well, we have therefore reccomeuded
that a bronze medal be awarded to Mr. Wright.
Mr. Peter Rennie's Farm, Township of Nichol.
Silver Medal.
Taking the evening train we arrived at Fergus and the next morning visited
Mr. Rennie's farm, the portion entered for competition being parts of lots 13 and
14, together with the land adjoining the corporation of Fergus, comprising in all
130 acres. Situate on the top of a hill the new barn is plainly conspicuous from
the railroad station and almost a bird's eye view may be obtained from the barn
of the town of Fergus in the valley below. Time, however, which bides for no
man bade us not linger as we were anxious to complete the inspection of Mr.
Hunter's farm by night, so with a passing glance we proceeded to our work. The
soil which is a strong loam, on clay subsoil, is rich and the crops heavy, so much
so that in the event of a storm there was every likelihood of their being badly
laid. Very little wheat is grown in this section of the country on account of the
prevalence of rust, and barley being so low in price. Mr. Rennie has this year
tried goose wheat, of which he has sown 22 acres ; the other crops were, peas 10
acres, oats 10 acres, barley 10 acres, turnips 10 acres, hay 40 acres ; the average
or the last four years being, peas 35 bushels, oats 50 bushels, barley 40 bushels,
115
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
turnips 700 bushels, and hay 2 tons. Besides these crops there were 3 acres of
lape and one acre of potatoes. Mr. Rennie follows a seven year's rotation which
luay be described as follows : 1st year sod is ploughed for peas ; 2nd year manure
is applied and either barley, wheat or oats sown ; 3rd year manure is applied for
turnips ; 4th year the field is seeded down to grass with either ba,rley or spiing
wheat ; 5th and 6th years hay ; 7th year pasture. The crops sold are wheat and
•also barley, when high in price, but the fertility of the soil is kept unimpaired by
the purchase of coarse grains such as peas, corn, etc., and also bran when the price
will permit of its being fed profitably. Mr. Rennie is in the habit of applying
salt to both turnips and barley in the proportion of from 200 to 400 lbs. per
acre and with beneficial results. The farm is well underdrained, the material
used being all tile with the exception of one laid down some time ago which is of
lumber. The fences present great variety, the principal kinds being straight rail
and post, board fences, Russell's patent, and barbed wire. The main objects on
this farm is stall feeding ; although a few head of pure shorthorns are kept,
but at the time of our inspection the stock was low, all the young cattle being on
Mr. Rennie's other farm. We saw, however, 9 sfood grade cows and 3 shorthorns
■of the neat type which has always been Mr. Rennie's fancy. Winter feeding is
usually preferred, and trom 20 to 25 head are turned ofi" annually, 22 head being
sold last May. Hitherto 3-year olds have been fed, but for the future Mr. Rennie
intends to fat ofi" at 2 years old. Mr. Rennie's theory of feeding, which is the
result of successful experience is, that at the commencement of feeding the chop
fed sliould be less concentrated in quality (i. e. that the proportion of of peas and
barley should be smaller than that of oats) and also that a greater amount of
turnips should be given then, than towards the end of the fattening period, at
which time the chop should be more concentrated in quality. The ration for a
steer about the middle period of fattening is 2^- gallons of chop per diem (^ oats,
•a, little over |- peas, the remaining portion barley and sometimes a little bran)
mixed with about 2 gallons of cut hay or wheat chaff" (the latter preferred) at a
nieal. together with about 30 lbs. of pulped turnips a day; sometimes instead of
being pulped the turnips are sliced with a spade, and in that case about 10 lbs.
•are allowed in addition, Mr. Rennie being of opinion that the sliced turnips do
not give as good results as when pulped. Long hay is also given, the amount
varying of course with the appetite of each animal, while as much water as they
■choose to drink is supplied them night and morning. The dwelling house, in
front of which is a lawn surrounded with evergreens and shrubs, is substantially
built of limestone, the size being 30 x 40 with a kitchen 20 x 22 attached. The
•outbuildings consist of one barn, which has just recently been finished, it is
situated at the back of the dwelling house and stands on a fine limestone base-
ment 9 feet 6 inches in height. The internal arrangement will be gleaned better
by a reference to the annexed plan than by a written description, and it will
suffice to say that in our judgment the plan is one of the best we have seen, not
■only for economy of feed and labor, but more particularly in respect of ventila-
tion, and we know of no stabling where the temperature can be so easily lowered
without draught and fresh air admitted, an important point, for in our experience
the majority of stables in the winter time are too warm and the air close and
heavy. Soft water is used as a beverage for the cattle, the rain water being col-
lected in a large cistern under the bridge of the barn ; a small tank opposite the
feed room is kept filled from this cistern by means of a self-regulating tap, while
another [drinking trough under the overshott is kept filled in the same manner.
Long hay, or cut feed if desired, is fed from the ffoor of the barn, the racks being
fixed on a sort of pivot so that on pulling out a wedge they will swing open and
allow any refuse left in them to fall down into the mangers, a plan which those
116
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who have stationary racks out of which the refuse has to be pulled by hand, will;
fully appreciate. The flooring behind and under the animals is composed of
three-inch cedar planks laid in mortar, the passages being laid with concrete.
When Mr. Rennie first purchased this farm we were informed, it was a simple
mass of thistles, there are still some remaining, indeed there were few farms that
we inspected that were wholly free from this pest, but under the energetic manage-
ment of Mr. Rennie there is little doubt they must succumb. The system of"
farming is one well calculated to improve the already high fertility of the soil,
the stock and buildings scored so high that we had no hesitation in awarding
this farm the silver medal for the riding of Wellington Centre. Having partaken
of Mr. Rennie's hospitality we were starting for Mr. Hunter's, Mr. Rennie having-
kindly offered to drive us thither, but being unavoidably detained, he deputed
his nephew Mr. Caldwell to take his j)lace, whose pleasant conversation and infor-.
mation with which he beguiled the way added much to our enjoyment of the-
drive. Passing through Elora we at Mr. Caldwell's suggestion, stopped for a few
minutes to view the river, and the sight amply repaid us for our trouble. Deep
in the soft limestone the river Irvine has ploughed its channel, in some places,
between banks nearly 100 feet high, while the dark green ferns and cedars grow-
ing in the crevices hang theii boM^s in graceful festoons and relieve the sombre
grey of the limestone. Here and there where the rock was of softer texture the
continuous force of the water in former years had scooped out small caves which
are now the abode of lichens and ferns, while massive rocks of many tons weight
have by the same agency been precipitated from above. What length of time it
has taken to cut this channel no man can tell, but there it stands a fitting
memento of one of the great forces of nature. The sun, however, bade us not
delay, so retracing our steps up the stairs erected by the inhabitants of Elora, we -
regained our conveyance and proceeded to our destination.
SuNNYSiDE Farm, Township of Pilkington,
which contairij 300 acres, all of which is entered for competition. The soil is
a clay loam resting on a subsoil of clay, and is underdrained where necessary by
tiles. The fences were in good repair, being principally rails staked and ridered,
barbed wire with a scantling along the top, a portion having boards instead of
scantling, with a neatly rounded bank of earth beneath. The area of crops this
year was : fall wheat 25 acres, barley 12 acres, oats 50 acres, peas 14 acres, corn
(fodder) 4 acres, turnips 9 acres, mangolds 4 acres, and hay 47 acres, the averages
for the past four years being : fall wheat 30 bushels, barley 40 bushels, oats 50
bushels, peas 25 bushels, turnips 800 bushels, and hay two tons. The cultivation
followed is very similar to those of some of the other farms described and it would
be mere reiteration to repeat it. Sunnyside has long been famous for its herd of
shorthorns, as a reference to the prize lists of the Provincial will reveal. The
herd now numbers 55 head and traces to importations from the well known herds
of Messrs. Pawlett, Aylraer, Cruikshank, etc. Among the cows we noticed Maid
of Honor 2nd, = 1449 = now 15 years old and carrying her thirteenth calf. She was
a noted winner, and Mr. Hunter informed us she had to her record upwards of
$1,000.00 in prize money, a signal proof that exhibiting is not always injurious to
either longevity or breeding. Rose of Sunnyside, another winner at the Provincial
is of the famous Mantilini tribe, a family in high esteem at Warlaby. One of the
bulls in use is Sir Ingram, = 10889 = a son of Ingram's Chief, (imp.) = 2074 =
his dam being Queen of the May 9th = 7621 = . Mr. Hunter; scores well in
horses, which number 15 head ; five of them are Clydes, either registered
or eligible for registration. The imported stallion " Gambetta " [43] is a
117
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
massive bay with plenty of bone and hair, and from his ancestry he should leave
some good colts, being a descendant of the celebrated old "Prince of Wales"
(073). The mares, one of them being the imported mare " Queen " [8] by "Dainty
Davie," (214) were also a good stamp, likewise a driving mare which showed
signs of good breeding. A Hock of Shropshire sheep consisting of fourteen ewes
and two shearling rams were pasturing in an adjacent field. Mr. Hunter does
not make a practice of feeding cattle, and only does so in the case of non-breeders.
We subjoin the system of management of his breeding shorthorns : The calves
are allowed free access to the cows for a week from birth, after which time until
they are two months old, they are turned into the cows three times a day ; from
which period they only suckle twice. No feed is given to the calves until they
are one month old ; then for the first week bran -and a little oil cake is given ;
after the first week oat chop and a little cut hay is added, and in winter whole
mangolds, the amount of the ration being determined by the appetite of the calf.
Breeding cows are taken in at nights about the 1st October, and durino- that and
the following month a feed of oat straw, ^ bushel of roots and a mixture of oat
and pea chop (j oats and J peas) are fed them night and morning. After that
time they are fed ^ bushel of whole roots twice a day and 8 lbs. of oats and peas
chop])ed and 1 lb. of boiled peas mixed with wheat chafi" or cut hay or straw to
each cow per diem, divided into two meals given night and morning (the propor-
tion of the chop being § oats and ^ peas, which includes the boiled peas). The
bulls are fed on the same system, but the allowance of grain is a little larger.
The horses are fed on oat chop mixed with wheat chaff or cut hay damped, the
preference being for wheat chafi" both for cattle and horses, and in winter hot
water is used for damping the feed of the latter. 3 lbs. of turnips are given once
a day to each horse on the farm. No hay is fed during winter to the brood mares
but oat straw is given instead, and in addition to the turnips and straw two gal-
lons of crushed oats are allowed to each. The dwelling house is of brick 42 x 28
with kitchen 28 x 20, of ample accommodation, and is nicely shaded with trees.
The orchard and shrubbery in the front rendering an appearance snug and attrac-
tive. The outbuildings were in good repair but rather deficient in respect of
light, all being under one roof with stone basement underneath. The main barn,
82 X .54 is over the cattle stabling and root house ; the straw shed, 25 x 40 forms
the overshot, and another building 10 x 30 is a hay barn, and is over additional
stabling and lOot house. The labor employed is four men during the summer,
the staff" being reduced in winter to two. The crops promised well and the
meadows were heavy, but cleanliness of cultivation was the point in which this
farm failed as well as one or two minor features which debarred Mr. Hunter from
taking a place in the competition.
Having passed the night under Mr. Hunter's hospitable roof we walked over
the next morning to the farm of
Mr. Isaac Groff, Township of Pilkington.
Bronze Medal.
This farm adjoins that of Mr. Hunter and consists of 180 aci'es of soil of a
loamy character on a clay subsoil, drainage being effected with tile where necessary.
The house, 36 x 36, is an unpretentious stone building but comfortable and amply
sufficient for the requirements of a farm. The outbuildings are placed a little
further back, from which point the land gradually slopes backwards ending in a
deep valley which affords good pasturage for cattle. Here, too, Mr. Grorf has an
abundant supply of cedar which, with care, will furnish him with fencing
118
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
material for many a year to come, while deep in the shade of the overhanging
cedars lies the strong flowing spring fiom which by the aid of a ram Mr. Groff
forces the clear water up to his barns to assuage the thirst of those massive
beeves for which the Groff Brothers have been so famous. The area of crops
were : fall wheat 25 acres, barley 18, oats 25, peas 12, turnips 7, potatoes 1, hay
■30, and fodder corn (.?.weet ensilage) Ih acres. The average for the last four years
being: fall wheat 35 bushels, barley 40, oats 60, peas o>, turnips GOO and hay 2
tons. The rotation practised is as far as possible as follows : Sod is ploughed in
the spring for peas, after which a dressing of manure is applied and fall wheat
is sown, next year oats, then manure again for turnips or else summer fallowed,
next year the land is sown with barley and seeded down, remaining in grass two
■or three years. One acre of orchard surrounds the house on two sides, the trees,
apples, pears, etc., looked healthy and were well cared for ; to our surprise we
found apple, pear and plum trees fairly well fruited, but a closer inspection showed
that the apples at any rate had been troubled with the frost which will render
them somewhat misshapen. However, Mr. Groft will have fnough fruit for his
own use even if he has none to sell, and in that respect is better off this year than
many a farmer in Ontario. The outbuildings comprise two barns 60 x 40 each,
on a stone basement, in which are the horse stables and ample accommodation
for 44 head of cattle. A water trough which is .supplied from a concrete
cistern in the basement runs along the front of every stall, the water being forced
through a half-inch lead pipe into the cistern by the ram, a distance of 1,500 feet.
Mr. Groff laid dow^n lead pipes instead of iron as he considered that the latter
would soon become defective by corrosion, while the lead is practically indes-
tructible, while the continuous flow of water will prevent all danger of lead
poisoning. The cost of ram, piping, laying down, etc., came to S250.00. Among
the buildings was a strongly built stone pig-pen 28 x 16, for Mr. Groff", in addition
to feeding cattle extends a similar operation to pigs, and 30 Berkshires are usually
turned off in the year ; two brood sows are kept and a pedigreed Berkshire boar, the
one now at service being Black Prince of Mr. Woodward's breeding. At present
23 sheep, principally Downs and Leicesters, are kept, but Mr. Groff' intends going
altogether into Leicesters. Two span of horses do the work, one pair being four
year old mares, which in addition to their work are expected to raise a pair of c^lts, a
driver of "Royal George" stock being kept for light work. Although feeding is a
primary object Mr. Groff has a small but select herd of shorthorns, principally of
Booth blood, amongst these were the grand old show cows Lady Lome = 6676 = and
Duchess of Waterloo 2nd = 5919 = who have often been amongst the envied trio at
the Provincial and Industrial Exhibitions ; four good grades, three dairy cow^s and
ten young cattle complete the list of horned stock. In Huron county we find the
majority of farmers turn off their cattle on grass, but in Wellington winter feed-
ing holds the preference, so it is here, from 25 to 30 head of choice exports are
annually fattened off; and as an instance we may mention that two years ago
Mr. Groff delivered to Mr. Dunn for export 16 head, 14 of which averaged over
1,000 lbs. The system of feeding is very similar to that of Mr. Bennie : greeu
corn is first fed, followed with an abundance of roots (three times a day) in the
forepart of winter, together with chopped oats with a small proportion of peas
mixed with damped cut oat straw and hay (equal parts), the chop and cut feed
being mixed in the evening for the next morning, and in the morning for the
evening, but at noon it is fed dry. Later on the proportion of peas is increased
and that of oats diminished, as is also the allowance of turnips until late in the
spring, when roots are fed but twice a day. The daily average ration to a beast
about the middle period of fattening consists of 2 gallons of chop per diem
divided as follows : | gallon morning and night and h gallon at noon, and about
119
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
one bushel of turnips apportioned into three meals, the turnips being fed whole
to export cattle. All the crops with the exception of wheat and barley are fed,
and in addition bran and shorts are purchased and fed. Mr. Grotf keeps his labor
bill as low as possible, as he considers that item the greatest leak in a farm
balance sheet. This year he employs one man by the year and a boy during the
summer months ; last year his hired help amounted to only $200.00, while his
sales realized $2,340.00. In the matter of stock, farm management and cleanli-
ness Mr. Groff stands very high, his farm is well fenced, well cultivated and free
from thistles, a fact to be noted, for abundance of thistles flourished in the neigh-
borhood ; it is in buildings where he somewhat fails, his stables being rather low
and an apparent deficiency of ventilation and light, for although some authorities
hold that an animal will feed better in a darkened stall (and on that score it ma}'^
be said that such stabling are eminently suited to Mr. GrofF's purposes) yet your
judges are of opinion that want of fresh air and light must be somewhat detri-
mental to health. Having completed our inspection we returned to Mr. Hunter's,
and after an early dinner set out for our next point, and Mr. Hunter having
kindly placed his fine team of carriage horses at our disposal, we were quickly
driven to
Mr. Thomas Pritchard's Farm, Township of Pilkington.
This farm of 133 acres is composed of a sandy loam on a clay subsoil,,
drained where necessary with tile. Mr. Pritchard is highly in favor of draining,
and is of opinion that no investment pays better on a farm. The house — 35x40
— is a good brick structure, and is placed on a gentle rise from the public road,
about a mile from the Village of Salem, the entry being by an iron gate, passing
through which a neat gravel drive, bordered on either side with little spruce
trees, leads one to the front door. The system of husbandry followed may be
termed mixed, as grain growing and dairying to a certain extent as well as cattle
and hog feeding is pursued. The crops were: — Fall wheat, 13 acres; barley and
oats (mixed), 8 acres; oats, 24 acres; peas, 11 acres; roots, 10 acres, and hay, 23
acres. The orchard, 4 acres in extent, 3 of which are in hay, is principally win-
ter fruit. The method of feeding cattle is almost identical with that of Mr. Groff,
with the exception that oats and barley in equal parts are sometimes used in
place of the oats and peas. Mr. Pritchard believes in pigs as a profitable invest-
ment, and has up to the present time fattened from 20 to 25 per annum, but is
resolved to go in much heavier. Roots are boiled for the pigs but not grain ; the
chop used consists of peas, oats and barley in equal parts, ground fine, and Mr.
Pritchard places great stress on this ; the chop is then steeped in water from one
meal to another and mixed with the boiled roots and well mashed. The garden
was well kept, and was evidently the object of great attention ; the currant and
gooseberry bushes were growing as standard, i.e., on one stem, the boughs
branching out from the trunk about eight inches from the ground, and i-hus
afiorded a better opportunity of keeping them clean of weeds than when grown
shrub fashion. The buildings were a fair lot, the main barn, 72x75, being on a
basement in which were horse stabling and stalls for 30 head of cattle. The
stock numbered 15 grade cattle, 15 sheep and 11 pigs. Tw^o span of horses are
used, and a colt is usually raised each year, the present one being a son of " Crown
Imperial." The fences were w^ell built, and principally rails staked and ridered.
and barbed ware on top, the outside fence in front being board. Mr. Pritchard
has t&ken considerable pains in tree planting, a row of maples surround two sides
of the farm, while another row is planted up the lane. The surroundings of the
house and buildings were neat, and much has been done to render the place
attractive ; cleanliness of cultivation is the stumbling block, and until a success-
120
63 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
ful war has been waged against the thistles, too many of which can be seen in
the fields, this can hardly be considered a model farm.
Mr. John Metcalfe's Farm, Township of Nichol.
A drive of about seven miles brought us to Mr. Metcalfe's farm of 104 acres,
wdiich is situated on the side of a steepish bank, being intersected at an angle by
the Fergus road, which of necessity renders some of the fields triangular in shape.
The soil is clay loam on a subsoil of clay of a somewhat open nature, and in
places where required drainage is efiected with tile. We found Mr. Metcalfe at
home, and, accompanied by him, we strolled over the farm. -The fences were
well kept, being zig-zag cedar rails staked and ridered and straight rail and posts.
The crops looked flourishing, but what perhaps struck us most of all was the
extreme cleanliness of the farm, on which we did not observe a solitary thistle or
weed, and great praise must be given to Mr. Metcalfe for his management.
During our walk we met Mr. Metcalfe's sons on the look out for weeds, and the
description of a visit to England given us by an American stock breeder was
brought to our recollection. " It is the cleanest country," said he, " I ever saw ;
you can hardly find a weed, and if you do happen on one you can't go 100 yards
but you will meet a man with a scj^the coming to cut it down." Such appears
to be the praiseworthy practice of Mr. Metcalfe, except that in this instance his
aons were armed with spades instead of scythes. The farm is well supplied -with
water from several w^ells which have been dug at different convenient spots on
the farm. Nature has favored some farms more than others ; on some she has
conferred broad streams with rich river flats, on others a perennial flowing spring^
of crystal water, but in this instance Mr. Metcalfe may be said to have rendered
himself independent of her bounty. Stock raising and feediag may be said to be
the branch of farming principally followed, although some grain is also disposed
of ; wheat and barley 'are sold, and occasionally some oats. The area of this year's
crops are: ---Fall wheat, 8 acres; barley, 7 acres; oats, 16 acres; peas, 6 acres;
turnips. 5 acres; rape, 3| acres, and hay, 15 acres. The average per acre being
for the last four years : — Fall wheat, 30 bushels ; barley, 30 ; oats, 45 ; peas, 25 ;
turnips, 500, and hay, 1| tons. No strict rule of rotation is followed, but the
usual practice is to grow three grain crops in succession, and to seed down with
the third crop, the land being then kept in grass from three to four years. The
cattle, 21 in number, were all grades, an extra good lot, sheep 40, while horse-
breeding is not neglected, two good brood mares had each a promising colt at her
feet, the one a scion of a Clyde, the other of a trotting horse, while two older colts
of a draught type were pasturing in the meadows. The buildings are situated
near the corner formed at the junction of the Fergus road. The dwelling-house
is an unpretentious building of stone, 28x40, with a frame kitchen attached ;
adjacent to the house are two acres of very thrifty, growing orchard, consisting
of winter and summer fruit in about equal proportions. Mr. Metcalfe's theory,
and, in fact, practice, is strongly against ploughing in an orchard, and no plough
has turned a harrow in his for many a year, but, instead, it is kept in grass, the
ground immediately around the trees being kept loose and clean by means of the
hoe, while the appearance of the trees are a strong argument of the correctness of
his theory. The outbuildings are situated a little lower down the ascent than
the dw^elling-house, the main bam, 36x60, is on a stone basement, the driving-
house, 14x36, with root-house underneath ; a novelty in the way of flooring has
been attempted in this building, concrete being laid on cedar sleepers. In
superior stock and cleanliness this farm figures high, yet he fails somewhat in
buildings and also in tree planting as compared with some other competitors,
121
63 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
atiil we feel thai; we cannot conclude our report of this farm without contribut-
ing our meed of praise to the watchful care of the owner, which has resulted in
such a perfect freedom from noxious weeds.
As by arrangement, your Judges met at Stratford on the morning of the
17th July, and left by the midday train for Milverton. Here we met Mr.
Garting, the Secretary of the Agricultural Society, wdio kindly instructed us as to
our best route, and having procured a horse and buggy, a horse, by the way, which
showed a disposition to sit down when descending any hill, we set out with all
convenient speed for the farm of
Mr. Thomas Hall, Township of Mornington.
Mr. Hall farms 262 acres of clay loam on a heavier subsoil. The crops in
this section of country appeared much injured from the long-continued wet
-weather we experienced in the spring, and this farm was no exception to the
rule, as was evidenced by his peas, about ten acres of which were completely ruined;
with the exception of the peas and the hay crop, which was light, the crops
looked fairly well, especially the spring wheat, and the fall wheat promised an
average crop, although a little rust was appearing on the leaf. The land under
cultivation j^as : — Fall wheat, 9 acres ; spring wheat, 5 acres : barley, 33 acres ;
-oats, 35 acres ; peas, 34 acres ; potatoes, 1 acre ; the yield for the last four j-ears
-averaging: — Fall wheat, 20 bushels; barley, 30; oats, 45 ; peas, 25, and hay 1^
'tons. At the back of the farm is the bush and pasture land, affording an
abundant supply of forage and shade for the stock, while a little creek supplies
the wherewithal to quench their thirst. A herd of nine shorthorn females are
kept, the bull in use being Sir Harry II., a red and white bull, sired, we under-
stand, by the famous Prince James = 968 = and bred by Mr. Mackie, of Montrose.
A prolonged search through forty-three acres of bush at last brought us upon the
females, the first one we came across being Lady Clyde, = 6573 =:a five-year-old cow,
and one of the best cows in the herd, being possessed of great quality combined with
length. The whole of the herd is descended from one cow. Queen o'l Wellesley,
= 4418=: which was purchased of Mr. Knittel, of Millbank. Mr. Hall complains
somewhat of the want of enterprise among many farmers in this district, who seem
to have no desire to improve their stock. This is a matter much to be regretted, as
« large sum of money is annually lost to the country from this cause alone. The
grade cattle number 27 head, 10 of them being milch cows from which butter is
made. Stall feeding is followed to a certain extent, about ten head being turned
off on an average each year, the sale being usuall^^ effected in the month of
February or March. Mr. Hall and his two sons perform all the work on the
farm, no extra help being hired, the horse department being filled by two span of
■working horses, reinforced by a pair of useful colts which have recently been
broken in. Three other colts, 19 Leicester sheep and 21 pigs complete the list of
live stock. The dwelling-house is of frame construction, 25x30, two acres of
■orchard (apples, pears, plums and cherries) being in the rear. The main barn is
45x80 on a stone basement containing horse and cattle stabling, the floor under
the animsls being paved with stone, the passages behind being floored with plank
laid on a layer of gravel. The fences are all rail, staked and ridered, and what
drainage has been done is composed of wood or stone. Leaving Mr. Hall, we
ireturned to Milverton, and the next morning started for
Mr. Tohmas E. Gibson's Farm, Township of Mornington.
Not a great deal can be said of this farm, which is 100 acres in extent, the
-soil beino- a clay loam. The dwelling house, 30x40, is brick and is situated a
122
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 18S0
little distance from the public road, the approach being planted on either side
with a triple row of maples, rows of maples being also planted along several of
the farm fences. The barn, 82x60, is well built on a stone basement, the stabling
being paved with stone, the bare earth forming the passages behihd the stock.
Mr. Gibson had but recently come into possession of this farm, and we were
consequently unable to obtain any particulars as to the former management.
The crops growing were : — Fall wheat, 10 acres ; peas, 6 acres ; oats, 20 acres ;
spring wheat, IJ acres; potatoes and corn, 3 acres, and hay, 21 acres. The stock
comprised 24 grade cattle and 6-calves, 2 of which were Holsteins, 15 pigs, and
3 horses which perform the farm work. At the present time all grain that is
not required for the keep of the stock is sold, and butter is made at home and
shipped to Toronto. The fences were fairly good, being board fence and rails
staked and ridered, and, with the exception of fifteen acres, the whole of the farm
is underdrained with tiles or lumber. During our walk over the farm Mr.
Gibson pointed out to us a field which had been laid down to permanent pasture
by the last owner at a heavy cost, and we felt ourselves confirmed in our opinion
that permanent pasture, unless it be Canadian blue grass on river Hats, is not a
success in this country. Mr. Gibson adopts a novel plan of exterminating thistles,
viz., cutting them every two years, and we can hardly hope that success will
crown his exertions from such a system. We next hurried on to
Mr. Charles Walker's Farm, Townshp of Mornington,
for we wished to get over his farm also that of Mr. Riddel's the same day, and if
possible catch the evening train for home. Mr. Walker's farm consists of 126
acres of clay loam. The house and outbuildings are situate on the high land,
together with a large proportion of the arable land, the ground gradually sloping
backwards to the pasture land and bush, through which runs a creek, which
though somewhat low at the time of our visit yet supplies a sufficiency of the
necessary fluid to the stock. Mr. Walker was out in the field drawing in his hay
when we arrived, so while waiting his return to the barn we proceeded to have a
look at his stock, which was in the pasture. The cattle comprised 13 grade milch
cows, 22 head uf younger cattle and 8 calves, while 11 pigs wandering at their own
sweet will, were luxuriating in a mud bath under the shade of the trees. A few
sheep, cross-bred Leicesters, are also kept, and a yearling colt and two teams
usually do the work on the farm, but Mr. Walker had the misfortune to lose one
of them recently. The crops looked well and the fences were in fair repair,
being principally board and rails staked and ridered. The arable land is all well
underch-ained with tile, the main drains being six-inch tile and the latteraJs
three inch, Mr. Walker being strongly in favor of using tiles of large capacity.
The system of farming followed is a mixture of dairying and grain growing. At
one time Mr. W. used to raise and ship store cattle to Butfalo market, but lately
he has relinquished that business, and dairy cows are kept, the milk being sent
to the factory instead. Most of the grain is sold and hay when high in price, but
while this practice may at the present time return a good profit, it entails a
severe drain on the land, and we fear that it must result in deterioration in the
fertility of the soil. The acreage of crops were: — Fall wheat, 21 acres; sprino-
wheat, 4 acres; oats, 8 acres; peas, 12 acres; hay, 14 acres; the average for the
last four years being: — Fall wheat, 20 bushels ; spring wheat, 15 ; oats, 60; peas,
30, and hay, 2 tons. The rotation of cropping followed is to sow peas on sod,
then the land is manured and fall wheat put in, next year it is seeded down with
oats and the land kept in grass two or three years ; if the acreage is insufficient
for what is required for fall wheat, a coating of manure is spread on an additional
123
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
sod field and ploughed for wheat. Mr. W.'s dwelling house is formed of logs,
20x24 in size, with a kitchen attached, 16x24, but in the yard we saw a consider-
able quantity of material for building a new dwelling, the plans of which are
already drawn out. If the house is old the barn is new, and Mr. W, has followed
what we consider the best method of procedure in this respect in putting up good
outbuildings before building a fine house ; sometimes we see the plan reversed,
and in such cases we often see the barns remain old. The main barn, 72x54, with
a straw house,54x26, are both placed on a high stone basement. The stabling
therein was good and airy ; the floor under th§ horses was paved with stone, that
under the cattle cedar blocked, and the alleys planked. There was one defect in
the horse stable which might easily have been obviated at the time of building,,
the floor of the stabling being much lower than the outside ground, this necessi-
tated a very sharp incline just inside the door, which in slippery weather might
be liable to cause an accident. Having completed our inspection we once more
embarked in our buggy, and after some little enquiry we duly arrived at
Mr. John Riddel's Farm, Township of Mornington.
Bronze Medal,
which is situate almost entirely on a level-lying table land and in close proximity
to Brumner, a station on the Georgian and Lake Erie branch of the Grand Trunk
Railway. Mr. Riddel farms 230 acres, all of which were entered for competition,
the soil being a rich clay loam on a subsoil of clay. A portion of this farm, to
the extent of fift}'^ acres, was drained some years ago, the material used being
lumber, as no tiles were to be had at that time. Having done full justice to Mr.
Riddel's fare, for on our arrival we found he had expected us to dinner, we
started out on our inspection, having first taken a note of the crops, which were :
— Fall wheat, 32 acres ; barley, 8 acres ; oats, 32 acres ; peas, 11 acres ; spring
wheat, 4 acres, and hay, 30 acres. The average returns for the last four years
being : — Fall wheat, 30 bushels ; barley, 40 bushels ; oats, 50 bushels ; peas, 30
bushels; spring wheat, 25 bushels; hay, 1^ tons. The order of cropping practiced is
to sow peas on sod, then fall wheat, next year oats, the following year summer fallow
and a coating of manure, and the land is then seeded down with a'crop of fall wheat
and kept three years in pasture and hay, the custom being, if the stubble is not
too heavy, hay is cut for two years followed by one year of pasturage, but if the
stubble be heavy the order is reversed. We first passed through the orchard, an
acre in extent, which is sheltered from the north by a row of poplars and also by
a white thorn hedge, which, in places, however, had been injured by the stock_
The crops were heavy, and bore testimony to the richness of the soil, and the}'-
were also fairly free from thistles and weeds, although it is a question how long
this virgin fertility will be maintained, as no cattle are fattened, the young cattle
reared being sold as stockers, while milk is sent to the factory and all grain is
sold that is not required for the subsistence of the live stock through the winter.
The fences were in good order and were chiefly rails staked and ridered, and that
along the lane leading from the public road to the buildings being barbed wire
with a pole along the top. The live stock comprised 12 grade milch cows of a
useful kind, 24 head of youngei- cattle and 10 calves, while a pure-bred shorthorn
bull, bred by Mr. H. Thomson, of St. Marys, would indicate that Mr. Riddel does
not intend to permit his stock to degenerate ; the sheep kept are Leicester grades,
39 in number, including lambs. The dwelling house is a comfortable brick
edifice, 30x90, with a wing, 19x20, attached, with a verandah on one side, which
adds much to the comfort of a midday siesta in the summer time. The buildings
124
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
were within easy distance of the house, and the barnyard was tidy and free from
the usual untidy pile of old boards and rubbish which is the almost invariable
tenant of some corner in most barnyards. The main barn, including the over-
shott, measures 80x52, and is built on a stone basement, 36x80, in which were
the horse as well as the cattle stabling ; cleanliness and light were apparent on
our entry, and although there was nothing special in the way of feeding arrange-
ments, the stalls were of sufficient size and well adapted to either dairying or
beefing cattle; oak blocks formed the floor both under horses and cattle, the
passages being planks. Two span of horses do the work on this farm, Mr. Riddel
being assisted by his two sons. To this farm we award the bronze medal for the
Township of Mornington ; although the system of farming followed is not one
that is to be commended, yet the state of the buildings, with their general sur-
roundings, the crops, and freedom from thistles, etc., placing it in advance of all
its competitors.
Our next point was Grand Valley, a place neither of us had heard of before ;
as reference to our time tables informed us that it was a station on the C. P. R.,
and a further research revealed the fact that two roads were open to us, the one
•via Harriston and the other through Fergus ; selecting the former as more con-
venient to one of your judges, we arrived in Harriston in good time to connect
with the C. P. R. train for Grand Valley. The country through which we passed
in the neighborhood of Arthur was very level, and reminded us of the prairies in
Manitoba and the Northwestern States, the willows, swales and poplars which were
dotted here and there adding still more to the resemblance ; but before lonof the
brakeman s voice warned us we had arrived at our destination, and, stepping out,
we looked around for the town, not a vestig-e of which was to be seen. A. bus
was, however, m waiting, so relying upon the statements of our driver that there
was not only a town but three hotels as well, we committed ourselves to his care, and
were soon brought by a turn in the road in sight of Grand Valley, which was
whilom dignified by the name of Little Toronto. After a consultation with our
host we determined to start at once for the farm of
Mr. Samuel Gr.a.ham, Township of East Luther.
Bronze Medal.
As it was only about two miles from Grand Valley, and in a short time we
came in sight of a new wire fence with a board and cap along the top, which
raised a suspicion in our minds that this was the farm we had come to look at,
nor were w^e mistaken, for we soon reached the turn which we had been directed
to take and which led up to the private road to Mr. Graham's residence. Mr.
Graham farms 200 acres of clay loam, on a heavier subsoil. The lay of the
land being rather flat, with just enough fall to make drainage effective a portion
of it being formerly a cedar swamp. Close to the house and buildings runs a
little creek, which runs the yard and is convenient as a watering place for the
stock. Finding Mr. Graham who had almost given us up, we commenced our
walk, taking a note of the crops as we went, they were : Fall wheat, 8 acres ;
oats, 50 acres; peas, 10 acres; barley, 3 acres; potatoes, 1 acre; turnips, 8 acres;
and hay, 35 acres ; the average yield per acre for the last four years being: Fall
wheat, 30 bushels ; oats, 50 bushels ; peas, 40 bushels ; barley, 30 bushels ; and
hay, 1-}/ tons. The crops were fairly good, but not as heavy as those we had
previously seen in other parts of the country, and here as in other places the
crops had suffered from the wet weather. The fences are principally cedar rails,
staked and ridered, and barbed wire fencing with a board and cap a'ong the top,
125
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
the rail fences were well put up and in good repair, and composed of excellent
rails, which excited a feeling of envy in your judges' breasts, but to our surprise
Mr. Graham informed us that he intended selling these rails, and replacing
them with a wire fence similar to the one which he has recently enclosed two
sides of his farm ; besides these Mr. Graham had another fence which would
almost come under the head of a movable fence ; its method of formation is as
follows : About three feet is cut off the end of an ordinary sized cedar post, this
portion is then flattened on two opposite sides, and a good sized mortise cut in
the centre of one of the flattened sides, the other part of the post has then a.
tenon made at one end of it, and then driven into the mortise, which then forms
a T turned upside down, the three feet portion acting as a pedestal for the upright
posts ; these posts which are all treated in the same way, are then placed on top
of the ground at equal distances, and a scantling or pole is nailed along the top,,
and the wire stretched along the posts ; this fence was perfectly stiff, and
although as Mr. Graham informed us it had been up five years it was still per-
fectly in line and had never been blown over. A good deal has been done in this
farm in the way of draining, some of these drains are formed of stone, and open
drains surround almost every field, but Mr. Graham is about putting in tile which
is the material he intends using infutuve. The stock comprised 7 milch cows of a use-
ful type. 22 head of younger stock and a bull, a few sheep of Leicester stock and 3
pio-s for home use. The farm work is attended to by Mr. Graham and his two
sons, one extra hand being kept for harvest, while two teams of the general pur-
pose stamp form the horse-power on the farm. The usual routine of cropping is
to sow peas on sod, then oats, followed by barley and seeded down, the land is
then kept in grass two years. The system of farming followed is mixed husbandry,.
cattle being raised and fed off principally on grass ; butter is also made, a Morris-
buro- creamer being in use, the butter finding a ready sale in Toronto. Wheat is
the only grain crop sold, the barley and peas being generally fed to the stock, as
is also the hay and oats. In addition to the above mentioned branches of farming,
Mr. Graham goes in somewhat extensively for bees, of which he has seventy
colonies, in a Tot adjoining his house, sheltered from the north wind by a high
tio-ht board fence. Fruit growing has also been attempted, but not with success,
the trees not doing well owing to climatic or other influences, and in the small
orchard which adjoins the house several have died and been replaced, but from
their appearance there is but little hope of a successful result. The dwelling is a
o-ood brick house 62 x 32, with a cellar under the whole extent, the internal
arrangements are good, and in one of the rooms were the tins for the honey, of
which Mr. Graham expects to realize about one ton this year. The outbuildings
were well built, but at the time of our visit were in a transition state, as Mr.
Graham was in the midst of altering the internal arrangements of the stabling.
The main barn measures 68 x 90, is on a stone basement, but owing to the alter-
ations going on, it would be useless to give any detailed description beyond stating
that the flooring under the cattle is formed of planks, and that under the horses
of cedar blocks. Among other improvements a large tank is in process of
formation under the bridge of the barn, from which water is to be led into the
stabling. The management on this farm was good, and a praiseworthy spirit of
enterprise was conspicuous. The farm was unusually well fenced, and very fairly
free from weeds, the buildings were good, and at the same time while alterations
were being carried on in the barns, they were not being done to the neglect of the
other departments, for in one field draining was being done, and in an adjoining-
field an old cedar swamp was being cleared up. To this farm we awarded the
bronze medal for the Township of East Luther.
126
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
Mr. Edward Holborne's Farm, Township of East Luther.
A lone; drive brought us to this farm of 100 acres, and we found nothing-
.special either in its management or otherwise, beyond the ordinary class of
farms through that section of the country. The soil was clay loam and the farm
being new was thickly dotted with stumps on many of the fields. The crops
were : Fall wheat, 6 acres ; oats, 13 acres ; barley. 5 acres ; peas, 8 acres ; and hay,
10 acres. The buildings were all frame, the dwelling house 30 x 20 being not
yet completed. The barn was .58 x 41, parts of which was fitted up for stabling.
The stock comprised 16 head of grade cattle, 14 sheep and 18 pigp, 2 colts and 2
span of working horses. The crops were much below the average of other farms,
and the eight acres of peas which had been killed out by the rain were grown up
with weeds. The fences were the ordinary rail fence, and nothing to boast of in
wiiy of repair. Altogether this is a farm which should never have been enteredi
for competition. We next made our way to the farm of
Mr. James Reith, Township of East Luther.
This property is situated on the top of a steep hill, overlooking the Grand
River, which forms one of its boundaries for some distance. Years ago when this
bank was clothed with the primeval forest, it must have presented a beautiful
sylvan scene, but now alas, the axe to which in the hand of the old settler no tree
was sacred, I find has robbed it of its pristine beauty, and nought remains save a
few stunted bushes and blackened logs. Mr. Reith is the secretary of the Agricul-
tural Society, and takes great interest in agricultural matters at large. His farm
comprises 200 acres of clay loam, on a clay subsoil, underdrained where required
with stones. The fences were in good repair, and (with the exception of the lane
fence from the public road to the buildings, which is formed of wire in single
strands and a scantling on the top), are all rails staked and ridered, some of these
latter have a dry stone wall about two feet high as a base, and stakes and riders
placed on top, for Mr. Reith has abundance of stones, and utilizes some of them
in this fashion. The farm is well watered by the Grand River, and springs and
wells. The crops were : Fall wheat, 7 acres ; spring wheat, 2 acres ; oats, 30
acres ; barley, 12 acres ; peas, 10 acres ; turnips, 5 acres ; potatoes, 1^ acres ; and
hay, 40 acres ; the average per acre of the last four yeais being: Fall wheat, 25
bushels ; spring wheat, 15 bushels ; oats, 40 bushels ; barley, 35 bushels ; peas, 30
bushels ; turnips, 700 bushels ; and hay. If tons. The crops looked well, and
promised a return above the usual average, but there we more thistles among the
grain than are consistent with the status of a prize farm. Mr. Reith is also
troubled with wild oats, and as this weed is not uncommon in some places, the
method of exterminating them may not be uninteresting : Mr. Reith's theory is;
that the grain in the wild oats if not sprouted within a period of
three years, is killed ; consequently his method is to keep the land in*
grass three years, by which means they are prevented from sprouting, and
according to his idea their vitality is destroyed. The potatoes looked remarkably
healthy, and our attention was drawn to a few rows in the centre of the patch
in which the vines appeared considerably larger and more luxuriant than the
the rest ; this Mr. Reith explained was the result of an experiment, the few rows
in the centre having been sown with large potatoes uncut, while the other rows
were large potatoes cut in half, by which if the growth of the vines was any
criterion of the yield, it would certainly appear that the large uncut potatoess
would give the best return. The soil in which they were planted appeared very-
uniform in character, and the only perceptible advantage the uncut potatoes
127
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
possessed, was that being planted in the centre of the land they were a trifle
higher than the cut potatoes on either side, and it would have been perhaps a
more decisive test had they been planted in alternate rows. The rota-
tion of crops practised is almost identical with other farms before described. As
to the crops disposed of, wheat is sold and sometimes barley, but everything else
is fed on the farm. Dairying is followed to an extent, butter being made and
disposed of in Toronto, Mr. Reith, like Mr. Graham, also using a Morrisburg
creamer. Feeding stock is also practised, stall feeding during the winter having
the preference. The horses comprise 5 working animals of the general purpose
kind and 2 colts, the horned stock being 12 milch cows and 17 younger cattle, all
grade shorthorns, sheep number 29 of a Leicester-Cotswold cross. The building»
are roomy and suitable to the requirements of the farm, the barn (56 x 52 is ou a
stone basement, which contains the horse and cattle stabling, and a storehouse
adjoining 50 x 24. The dwelling is a neat brick house 50 x 24, with a verandah
on one side and fitted with all conveniences. On one side of the house is a young
orchard of one hundred apple trees, on which we noticed a few apples which had
survived the frost. In the front of the house a pleasure ground was laid out and
planted with a variety of oruamental shrubs and trees, while a cedar hedge
extending from the public road along the side of the dwelling house testified that
Mr. Reith was not unmindful of the pleasure attained by improving the appear-
ance of the surroundings We had now completed our examination of all the
farms entered, with the exception of Mr. Shortreed's farm, whose entry by some
error did not reach us until some time after we have inspected the farms entered
in the neighborhood of Guelph. This necessitated another visit to that place, so
taking the evening train at Grand Valley, we arrived at Fergus where we passed
the night, as there was no connection for Guelph, whither we proceeded the next
morning.
Mr. Robert Shortreed's Farm, Tow^nship of Guelph.
Equal, Gold Medal
This farm, which comprises 200 acres, is situate about two miles from the
City of Guelph, and is bounded on the east by the railroad running to Fergus,
and on the south and west by the public roads along which are tine row of young
maples of Mr. Shortreed's planting, and which will in a few years make a pleasant
break in the monotony of a district not any too well wooded. The buildings are
pleasantly situated near the top of a slight elevation, and about the centre of the
farm, the land gently falling away on either side Access to the buildings is
ol)tained by two roads, the front approach a neat gravel drive through a thrifty
looking orchard, after reaching the front of the dwelling house curves slightly
and passes on to the outbuildings, and there intersects the other approach at
ri'^dit angles. The farm which is now managed by Mr. Shortreed junior, was
settled on many years ago by his father, still a hale old gentleman, who deter-
mined, as he himself expressed it, to go back into the bush until he could go no
further. That point was the site of his present farm, and when he reached it he
was, as he said, so discouraged that had his finances admitted of it, he would
straightway have recrossed the ocean and returned home again. The ancients used
to credit the navigator who first committed himself on his frail bark to the stormy
deep, with a heart of stone encompassed with a breastplate of triple brass, and
when one considers the hardships and severe toil which the old time settlers
endured, before the era of railways, the perils of the first ocean voyagers appear
small in comparison. There is however this satisfaction remaining to the successful
settler, that while the mariner has but this reminiscences of his travels remaining, he
128
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
can not only look back with content on his early struggles, but has aslo the plea-
sure of looking daily at the improvements etfected by the work of his own
hands. Accompanied by Mr. Shortreed we started on our walk over the farm ;
the soil, a clay loam on a gravel soil, renders underdraining almost unnecessary,
except in a few spots in which stone drains have been made, for stones abound,
varying in size from the huge boulder to the sm^dlest pebble, a large quantity of
these Mr. Shortreed has utilized in building dry walls or dykes as they are called
in Scotland, which with stakes and riders on top form a very substantial fence ;
a fence of this kind extends for a considerable distance along the public road, and
some of the internal fences are also made in this manner, the remainder being
zig-zag lails staked and ridered. The crops growing at the time of our visit were
simply luxuriant, spring wheat promised a good yield, with plenty of straw and
the oats were very heavy, the peas were well podded and free from weeds, and with
the exception of a few thistles the farm was devoid of noxious weeds. The hay
was harvested at the time of our inspection, but the crop was abundant, and got
in in fine condition. The average of crops were: Spring whoat, 16 acres ; oats,
34 acres ; barley, 12 acres; peas, 20 acres; turnips, 8 acres ; mangolds, 1 acre;
potatoes, 4| acres; fodder corn, li acres; and hay, 38 acres; and the average
yield per acre for the last four years was : oats, 50 bushels ; barley, 35 bushels ;
turnips, 600 bushels ; and hay, Ih tons ; the average of the potato crop we were
unable to obtain, but last year 325 bags were sold off 3 acres. The rotation of
crops pursued by Mr. Shortreed is usuallly peas on sod, followed by oats, and if
the land is in good health, a second crop of oats is taken, next year turnips well
manured, followed by barley and seeded down to grass, when the land is kept
two years in hay and pastured two years. Mr. Shortreed directs his attention
principally to stock, and although a portion of the crops are disposed of, yet he
prefers feeding all the coarse grain that is raised on the farm. Some hay is sold
annually as are likewise the potatoes, and straw is exchanged for manure drawn
from the City of Guelph. Stall feeding is preferred, and from forty to fifty head
are turned off each year, cattle being bought to supplement those of his own
raising. As an average ration Mr. Shortreed feeds one gallon of chop (half peas
and half oats) mixed with wheat or oat chaff, and half bushel of roots three times
a day, long hay being given night and morning, and at noon the cattle are turned
out to water which is allowed them but once a day, thus diffeiing from Mr. Rennie
who waters his stock twice a day. In addition to stock feeding, Mr. Shortreed
owns a herd of Shorthorns, (13 head), the yearling bull '• MacDuff," 2nd, = 10641 = ,
bred by Mr. J. I. Hobson of Mosborough, being the bull in present use. The
females were a good even lot, amongst these we particularly noticed " Red Rose,"
(7661), a massive animal with great wealth of flesh, and "Nettie," bred by Mr.
W. S. Armstrong, who in addition to other good points possessed the neat head
and flat horns which are so desirable in a Shorthorn cow ; while among the young
things were two young bull calves and a heifer calf of great promise. Besides
the Shorthorns Mr. Shorireed is experimenting on a small scale with the Polled
Angus. This breed is represented by "Kyma"2ud, a three year old, sired by
" Strathglass," [13] (2357), bred at the Ontario Agricultural College, and her bull
calf sired by "Master Petei','' (8092). Grade cattle number 18 head, which include 2
milch cows for the use of the house. Sheep are not omitled, and 25 head of a
Leicester-Cotswold cross are kept, the lambs being raised and fed. The swine
department is also well represented, a boar and 6 breeding sows, all good Berkshire
grades with the exception of 1 Yorkshire sow compose the breeding stock, while
5 shoots and 18 younger pigs, will in due time go to swell Mr. Short" eed's annual
profits. The dwelling house 30 x 40, is substantially built of stone, with a kitchen
24 X 30 attached, and in close proximity to the back are the outbuildings, which
9 (A. A.) 129
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
almost form three sides of a square, the remaining side facing to the south being
sheltered by a massive stone wall, which completely shuts in the yard, in iact the
amount of stone work on this farm, we could almost fancy ourselves in the stone
ao-es, but as Mr. Shortreed remarked, the greater part of the material cost nothing,
and it was a good way of using up some of the surplus stones. The horse stable
and driving house with a hayloft above is also built of stone up to the peak ; the
horse stable contains stalls for the three teams which do the work of the farm,
also for a driving horse, and spare stalls for visitors ; the flooring under the horses
it is almost needless to say are stone paved, the passages being planked. The
main barn 70 x 80, including the overshott, is on a stone basement of good height,
the stabling within being well lighted with a sufficiency of ventilation. The
stalls are double, and with plenty of width for two beasts in each, and on one side
is a row of loose boxes for the calves, the flooring and alleys being all cedar
blocked. One corner is occupied by a large tank, which is fllled by the windmill,
and which is connected by a pipe with the drinking trough under the overshott
without. Ascending by the stairs to the main floor, we found Mr. Shortreed uses
a rack-lifter, which he informed us now worked very satisfactorily, although at
first he had some little trouble with it, as it had not been properly put up.
Another barn 60 x 60 is also on a stone basement, the main floor of this building
is used for the hay, thus preserving it from dust, the lower portion being occupied by
the sheep house and pig-pen, the floor of which are likewise stone paved. Having
now completed our inspection of the farms in our portion of the group, it remained
for us to select the contestant for the gold medal, the choice lying between Mr.
Shortreed and Mr. Rennie. As regards buildings the latter ranks first, yet in
freedom from thistles he falls behind, again in stock Mr. Shortreed is superior,
60 that we had no hesitation in nominating him as the competitor from our
district for the gold medal.
Second Visit to Mr. Shortreed's Farm.
Monday, the 19th August, was the date arranged for the joint inspection, and
your judges in company with Messrs. J. I. Hobson and W. Donaldson, the two judges
of farms'in the other portion of the group, met at Waikerton, and having secured
a two-seated conveyance and a pair of horses, we set out for the farm owned by
Mr. A. Waechter, but as the description of this farm will be included in the other
judge's report, it will be needless to refer to it here, and we shall therefore confine
ourselves to a report of the farms in our own district. Leaving Waikerton the
following morning, we arrived in Guetph about noon, and were soon whirled out
to Mr. Shortreed's, by a pair of horses un.ler the skillful driving of Mr. Freeman,
who acted as charioteer. The wheat had l)een safely housed, and Mr. Shortreed
was engaged in cutting the oats with a binder In the pea field a pea harvester
was doing good work, 'and although the vines were lying very flat on the ground,
it was taking them off as clean as if pulled with a scythe ; we were the more
interested in this, as we had not seen one in operation before, and had likewise
been told that they were a failure. In a comparison between the merits of Mr.
Waechter's and Mr. Shortreed's farms, we were unable to agree with our colleagues,
and the matter was referred by us to your consideration, when you magnanimously
awarded an equal gold medal to each, which not only let us out of our difficulty, but
also relieved us of a responsibility, which to some of us at least was a little
unpleasant. And here we might remark that is a somewhat difficult matter for
two sets of judges to come to a unanimous decision, where the competition is close,
especially on farms which must necessarily be inspected at different times ; the
one set of judges may see one farm under most favorable circumstances, while at
130
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
the time of the joint inspection, the other set of judges may chance to see the
same farm later on, at a period when vegetation is not quite as luxuriant, and
when the removal of the crops or perhaps the effect of a drouth or other
influences, may cause the farm to show to somewhat less advantage than the other
farm which v/as inspected at an earlier visit. This is a point which may bear a
little hard not only on the competitors but also on the judges, and it is difficult
to suggest any method by which it can be obviated, as it is impossible to say
which farms may be selected as contestants for the gold medal, until a first visit
has been made.
Before concluding our report we have thought it right to draw attention to
the following observations, the results of our examination : —
(1) The important fact that almost without exception stock keeping of one
kind or another, was a leading object of all the prize winning farms.
(2) That where good stock was kept, good outbuildings were the invariable
concomitant and vice versa; and here to avoid misconception we would state that
although all the prize farms this year were possessed of bank barns, yet we do not
mean to infer that stone basements are an indispensable condition, for we consider
a badly arranged and an ill constructed basement stable, as infinitely inferior to
frame stabling that are conveniently planned for economy of time and labor,
which while warm and comfortable, are likewise well lighted, ventilated and
wholesome.
(3) The extermination of weeds is extremely important, the more so as we
regret to state that these pests of the farmer appear to be steadily increasing,
especially the so called Canada thistle, (a misnomer which is a sad injustice to
this country), and wild mustard. The farms entered for competition were perhaps
the cleanest in their respective districts, but with the exception of two, there were
none that were absolutely free from the persistent thistle, and we consider that
some step should be taken by the Government to either amend or enforce the
present laws in regard thei'eto, for at the present time they are in most districts a
dead letter. The State of Michigan was we believe, at one time similarly infested,
but a judiciously enforced law has relieved the farmers of their enemy, and the
land is now comparatively free from this curse.
In conclusion, we would thank the competitors for the courtesy and hospitality
with which they received us, especially those in the County of Wellington, who put
themselves to great trouble in driving us to the farms in their neighborhood, and
^yho neglected nothing that cou'd render our visit pleasant wliile with them.
John B. Freeman,
Francis Green, Jr.
131
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
OFFICIAL LIST OF PRIZES AWARDED BY THE AGRICULTURAL AND
ARTS ASSOCIATION OF ONTARIO AT THE FORTY-FOURTH
PROVINCIAL EXHIBITION, HELD AT LONDON FROM SEPT,
9th to 14th, 1889.
HORSES.
CLASS /.
Thoroughbred Horses. 31 Entries.
Judges. — J. Peters, London, Ont.; J. W. .Johnson, St, Catharines, Ont.; C. Hudson, Jr., Roslin, Ont.
Stallion, 4 Years Old and Upwards.
1st prize, $25. 2nd prize, $15. 3rd prize. $10.
1st, T. D. Hodgens, London, Ont., " Albert " (imp.)
2nd, R. McEwen, Byron, Ont., " Inspector."
3rd, W. P. McClure, V.S., Woodstock, Ont., "Leontes.".
Stallion, 3 Years Old.
1st prize, $25. 2nd prize, $10. 3rd prize, $5.
2nd, A. Frank & Sons, The Grange, Ont, " Fearful ; " bright bay ; foaled in 1886 ; bred bj exhibitor ; s.
Old Terror ; dam Lady Harper, by Harper, etc.
Yearling Colt.
1st prize, $8. 2nd prize, $6. 3rd prize, $4.
1st, J. Brady, Glanworth.
2nd, J. Dyment, Orkney, Ont., " Gladstone."
Stallion, any Age,
Diploma.
T. D. Hodgens, London, Ont.
Three Year Old. Fillt.
1st prize, $15. 2nd prize, $10. 3rd prize, $5.
J. Dyment, Orkney, Ont., " Flip- Flap."
Two Year Old Filly,
1st prize, $10. 2nd prize, $8. 3rd prize, $5.
J. Dyment, Orkney, Ont., " Annie D."
Yearling Filly.
1st prize, $8. 2nd prize, $6. 3rd prize, $4.
1st, J. Dyment, Orkney, Ont., " Arrow."
2nd, .T. Dyment, Orkney, Ont., " Annie D."
3rd, J. Dyment, Orkney, Ont., " Volga,"
Brood Mare, with Foal by Her Side, or Evidence that she has had a Foal in 1889-
1st prize, $15. 2nd prize, $10, 3rd prize, $5.
1st, T. D. Hodgens, London, Ont., " Lady Lucy."
2nd, T. D. Hodgens, London, Ont., " Curtolima."
3rd, J. Dyment, Orkney, Ont., " Aunt Alice."
T. D. Hodgens, London, Ont.
1st, T. D. Hodgens, London, Ont.
2nd, J. Brady, Glanworth, Ont.
Female, any Age.
Diploma.
Foal op 1889.
1st prize, $6. 2nd prize,
132
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
CLASS 11.
Roadster Horses, for Driving or the Saddle.
Judges — Thos. Berney, Athens, Ont.; A. Hart, Simcoe, Ont.; R. J. Jelly, Jellyby, Ont.
Stallion, 4 Years Old and Upwards.
1st prize, $25. 2nd prize, $15. 3rd prize, $10.
1st, H. McLurg, Falkirk, Unt.
2nd, G. V. DeLong, Lynedoch, Ont.
3rd, C. Darling, Ridgetown, Ont.
Stallion, 3 Years Old.
1st prize, $20. 2nd prize, $15. 3rd prize, $10.
Ist, J. Dyment, Orkney, Ont.
2nd, J. C. Cousrhlin, Glanworth, Ont.
3rd, J. A. McKillop. West Lome, Ont.
'Stallion, 2 Years Old.
1st prize, $15. 2nd prize, $10. 3rd prize, $5.
1st, Paul & Charlton, Coldstream, Ont.
2nd, G. v. DeLong, Lynedoch, Ont.
3rd, T. Rosser, Denfield, Ont.
Yearling Colt.
1st prize, $10. 2nd prize, $6. 3rd prize, $4.
Ist, G. A. Routledge, Lambeth, Ont.
2nd, J. A. Cuddy, Adelaide, Ont.
3rd, C. Hevey, London, Ont.
Stallion, any Age.
Diploma.
H. McLurg, Falkirk, Ont.
Three Year Old Filly or Gelding.
Ist prize, $15. 2nd prize, $10. 3rd prize, $5.
1st, R. Clyde, St. Marys, Ont.
2nd, R. Young, Crumlin, Ont.
3rd, R. J. Wood, London, Ont.
Two Year Old Filly or Gelding.
1st prize, $12. 2nd prize, $8. 3rd prize, $5.
1st, R. M. Wilson, Delhi, Ont.
2nd, T. Abraham, Norwich, Out.
3rd, J. Whitton, Thamesford, Ont.
Yearling Filly or Gelding'^
Ist prize, $10. 2nd prize, $6. 3rd prize, $4.
1st, E. & J. Tracey, Curries' Crossing, Ont,
2nd, A. Inglesby, tngersoll, Ont.
3rd, D. Carroll, Ealing, Ont.
Brood M.are, with Foal by Her Side, or Evidence of Having Foaled in 1889.
1st prize, $15. 2nd prize, $10. 3rd prize, $5.
1st, G. Knight, Mandaumin, Ont.
2nd, A. Inglesby, IngersoU, Ont.
3rd, J. McCartney, Thamesford, Ont.
Foal of 1889.
Ist prize, $6. 2nd prize, $4.
1st, G. B. McLeod, Thamesford, Ont.
2nd, G. Knight, Mandaumin, Ont.
Pair Matched Horses (Stallions Excluded), in Harness, Under 15f Hands.
1st prize, $25. 2nd prize, $15. 3rd prize, $10.
Ist, J. McCartney, Thamesford, Ont.
2nd, S. T. Thompson, Innerkip, Ont.
3rd, M. T. Buchanan, IngersoU, Ont.
133
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
Single Horse (Stallions Excluded), Under 15| Hands.
1st prize, $15. 2nd prize, $10. 3rd prize, $8.
1st, R. M. Wilson, Delhi, Ont.
2nd, L. D. Swartout, Norwich, Ont.
3rd, J. Conn, Alvinston, Ont.
Pair of Ponies, in Harness, 12 Hands and Under.
1st prize, $8. 2nd prize, $5.
1st, B. F. Queen, St. Thomas, Ont.
Pony, in Harness, 12 Hands and Under.
1st prize, §6. 2nd prize, $4.
1st, Capt. S. A. Uenison, London, Ont.
2nd, O'Neil & Ferguson, London, Ont.
Pont, in Harness, Over 12 Hands cp to 14 Hands.
1st prize, $6. 2nd prize, .$4.
1st, C. G. Cruickshank, London, Ont.
CLASS III.
Carriage Horses, to be 16 Hands and Over.
Judges. — Wm. Muncey, Pembroke, Ont. ; A. R. McGregor, Sarnia, Ont. : W. S. Burkholder,
Bartonville, Ont.
Stallion, 4 Years Old and Upwards.
Ist prize, S30. 2nd prize, $20. 3rd prize, $10.
1st, Cameron & Dewar, Nairn, Ont.
2nd, F. Row, Belmont, Ont.
3rd, P. Cavin & Sons, North Bruce, Ont.
Stallion, 3 Years Old.
1st prize, $20. 2nd prize, $15. 3rd prize, $10.
1st, T. D. Hodgens, London, Ont.
2nd, C. Burrill, Holbrook, Ont.
3rd, W. Hayes, The Grove, Ont.
Stallion, 2 Years Old.
1st prize, $15. 2nd prize, $10. 3rd prize, $5.
1st, Cavin & Johnston, Norwich, Ont.
2nd, W. B. McLean, Hensall, Ont.
3rd, J. O'Neil, Birr, Ont.
Yearling Colt.
1st prize, $10. 2nd prize, $6. 3rd prize, $4.
Ist, N. Graham, (ilencoe, Ont.
2nd, R. M. Wilson, Delhi, Ont.
3rd, W. Hodson, Lobo, Ont.
Stallion, ant Age.
Diploma.
Cameron & Dewar, Nairn, Ont.
FiLLT OR Gelding, 3 Years Old.
1st prize, $15. 2nd prize, $10. 3rd prize, $5.
Ist. R. Embery, Salford, Ont.
2nd, W. K. Newton, Salford, Ont.
3rd, E. Monk, Springford, Ont.
FiLLT OR Gelding, 2 Years Old.
1st prize, $12. 2nd prize, $7. 3rd prize, $4,
1st, E. Monk, Springford. Ont.
2nd, M. J. Campbell, Komoka, Ont.
3rd, R. M. Wilson, Delhi, Ont.
134
53 Victniiu. Sessioniil Papers (No. 8). A. 18tm
Yearling Fillt or Gelding.
I.St jirize, 810. 2nd prize, 86. 3rd prize, 84,
1st, F. Lewis, London, Ont.
2nd. D. h lood, Arva. Ont.
3rd, R. A. Oliver, Ingersoll, Ont.
Brood Mare, with Foal by Her Side, or Evidence ok Having Had a Foal in 1889.
1st prize, 815. 2nd prize, 810. 3rd prize, 85.
1st, R^ M. Wilson, Delhi, Ont.
2nd, N. Graham, Glencoe, Ont.
3rd, T. Abraham, Norwich, Ont.
Foal of 1889. '
1st prize, 86. 2nd prize, 84.
Ist, P. Gavin & Sons, North Bruce, Ont.
2nd, D. Flood, Elginfield, Ont.
Highly Commended— TL Monk, Springford, Ont.
Pair Matched Carriage Horses (Stallions Excluded), in Harness, 16J Hands and Over.
1st prize, §25. 2nd prize, 815. 3rd prize, 810.
1st, R. M. Wilson, Delhi, Ont.
2nd, J. Sifton, Strathroy, Ont.
3rd, A. Ingelsby, Ingersoll, Ont.
Pair M.atched Carriage Horses (Stallions Excluded), 15| Hands and Under 16J in Harness.
1st prize, 825. 2nd prize, 815. 3rd prize, 810.
1st, T. D. Hodgens, London, Ont.
2nd, A. D. Steward. Ailsa Craig, Ont.
3rd, L. J. W. Shipley, Denfield, Ont.
Single Caeeiage Horses (Stallions Excluded), in Harness.
Ist prize, S15. 2nd prize, 810. 3rd prize, 86.
1st, L. D. Swartont, Harwich, Ont.
2nd, J. Mci artney, Thamesiord, Ont.
3r.), L. S. Davey, London, Ont.
Saddle Horse (Stallions Excluded).
1st prize, 815. 2nd prize, 810. 3rd prize, 86.
1st, H. Shoff, Birr, Ont.
2nd, L. Meredith, London, Ont.
3rd, J. Fulcher, London, Ont.
CLASS IV.
HoK.<F.s FOR Agricultural Purpose.s, Exclusive of Pure Clydesdales, Percherons and SuFFOLKSr
Judges — Chas. McXeil, Lucan, Ont.; J. B. Freeman, Simcoe, Ont.; Neil Cassidy, Port Elgin, Ont.
Filly or Gelding, 3 Years Old.
1st prize, S12. 2nd prize, 88. 3rd prize, 85.
1st, F. H. Neil, Lucan, Ont.
2nd Prouse & Williamson, Ingersoll, Ont.
Filly or Gelding, 2 Years Old.
1st prize, 810. 2nd prize, 86. 3rd prize, 84.
1st, K. t^ J. Tracey. Currie's Crossing, Ont.
2nd, B. Pile. Park Hill, Ont.
3rd, J. Franks, Harrietsville, Ont.
Yearling Filly or Gelding.
1st prize, 88. 2nd prize, $6. 3rd prize, 84
1st D. McPherson, Thamesford, Ont.
2nH, E. & J. Tracey, Currie's Crossing, Ont.
3rd, Prouse & Williamson, Ingersoll, Ont.
135
63 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. »). A. 1890
Bkood Mare with Foal by Hek Side or Evidence op Having Had a Foal in 1889.
Ist prize $15. 2nd prize, $10. 3rd prize, $5.
1st, John Sims, Kintore, Ont.
2nd, J. Franks, tlarrietsville, Ont.
3rd, E. Monk, Springfield, Ont.
Foal of 1889.
1st prize, $6. 2nd prize. $4.
Ist, A. Hughes, Kerwood, Ont.
2nd Prouse & Williamson, Ingersoll, Ont.
Matched Farm Tea,m (Geldings or Mares) in Harness.
Ist prize, $25. 2nd prize, $15. 3rd prize, $10.
Ist, A. Sutherland, Bremar, Ont.
2nd, Prou-se & VVilliamsoii, Ingersoll, Ont.
3rd, A. McLean, North Bruce, Unt.
CLASS
Hkavt Draught Horses (imported or bred from pure imported heavy draught stock, on the
side of both sire and dam, including Clydesdales and Shires.
Clydesdales.
Judges. — W. Smith, M.P., Columbus, Ont.; D. McCrae, Guelph, Ont.; J. Biggar, Dalbeattie, Scotland.
Heavy Draught Stallion, Clydesdale, 4 Years Old anb Upwards.
1st prize, $30. 2nd prize, $20. 3rd prize, $10.
Ist, R. Beith &Co., Bowmanville, Ont., "Sir Maurice" (imp.) [1226 (4721); bay, white face and white feet;
foaled April 8th, 1884 ; imporced 1889 ; bred by Jas. Durno, Jackstown, Rothie, Norman, Scotland ;
s. Lord Eiskine (1744); d. Topsy (509), by Topsman (886), etc.
2nd, D. & 0. Sorby, Guelph, Ont., "Bold Boy" (imp.) [1149] (4257); foaled May, 1884; bright bay, white
face and legs ; bred by John Marr, Cairnbrogie. Old Meldrum, Aberdeenshire, Scotland ; s. Lord
Erskine (1744); d. Lalla Rookh (3757), by General (323), etc.
Srd, Jos. Vance, New Hamburg, " Wigtown Lad " (imp.) [552] (5441); bay, white hind feet, near fore foot
white; foaled June 27th, 1884; imported 1886; bred by John Murray, Drummondie, Port William,
Scotland : s. Knight of Athole (2916); d. Mall (5672), by Lord Byron (489), etc.
Stallion, 3 Years Old,
1st prize, $20. 2nd prize, $15. Srd prize, $10.
Ist, R. Beith & Co., Bowmanville, "Sir Walter " (imp.) [113 L] vol, xii., S. C. B. ; light brown, one fore foot
and one hind foot white, stripe on face ; foaled June 1st, 1886 ; imported 1889 ; bred by Jas. Crawford,
Boreland Castle, Douglas, Scotland ; s. Bold Maghie (4259); d. Jean of Boreland, by Zulu, etc.
2nd, R. Beith & Co., Bowmanville, "Eastfield Style " (imp.) [1128] (6724); brown, ratch on face, fore ankles
white, white hind legs ; foaled April, 1886 ; imported 1889 ; bred by Gordon Eraser, Meiklewood,
Ringford, Scotland ; s. Ghillie Galium (3629); d. Kate of Meiklewood (7249), by Lothian Tom (1211).
3rd, P. Ryder, Lucan, Ont., "Briar Bough" (imp.) [1142] (5585); dark brown, white hind leg, off hind leg
dark on inside, near fore foot half white ; foaled May 10, 1886 ; bred by R. Neil, Barnboard Castle,
Douglas, Scotland ; s. Ghillie Galium (3629); d. Bessie (1618), by Lochfergus (1730), etc.
Stallion, 2 Years Old.
1st prize, $16. 2nd prize, $12. 3rd prize, $8.
1st, R. Beith & Co., Bowmanville, Ont., " Eastfield Chief " (imp.) [1129]; bay, stripe on face, white fore
ankles, hind legs white ; foaled 1837 ; imported 1889 ; bred by Wm. Porter, Lochroon, Crossmichael,
Scotland ; s. Prince Lawrence, vol. vii., p. 261; d. Bell of Lochroon (6624), by Lord Lyon (489), etc.
2nd, Hugh Thomson, St. Mary's, "Andrew Lammie " (imp.) [1114] (6433); bay, four white feet, white
stripe on face ; foaled May 10th, 1887 ; imported 1888 ; bred by Jas. Durno, Jackstown, Rothie Nor-
man, Scotland ; s. M'Camon (3818); d. Topsy (509), by Topsman (806), etc.
Srd, J. McMillan & Sons, Constance, Ont., "Keirside " (imp.) [1145] (6872); bay, white face and hind feet ;
foaled May 17th ; bred by Keir Trustees, Keir, Dunblane, Scotland ; s. New Hope (3029) ; d. Keir
Peggy IV; (3059), by liriton (94).
136
63 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
Ykakling Colt.
1st prize, §10. 2nd prize, $7. 3rd prize, $4.
Ist, 1). & O. Sorby, Guelph, " Homeward Bound" (imp.) [1147] vol. xii., S.C.B.; brown ; foaled May, 1888 ;
imported 1889 ; bred by Mrs. Hysiop, Dairy, Scotland ; s. Knight O'Lothian (4489) ; d. Gipsy (3630),
by Young Lord Lyon (994), etc.
2nd, I). & O. Sorby, Guelph, "The Granite " (imp.) [1148] vol. a:u., S.C.B.; bay ; foaled March, 1888;
imported 1889; bred by Jas. Crawford, Annon, Scotland; s. The Granite City (imp.) [709] (5397);
d. Lily Agnes (4524), by Brilliant (1598), etc.
-3rd, A. B. Scott & Son, Vanneck, Ont., " The Red Cross Knight " [849] ; bay, off hind foot and both fore
feet white ; foaled March 24th, 1888 ; bred by the exhibitors ; s. Corporal Logan (imp.) [848] (5771) ;
d. Annie (imp.) [226], by Macgregor (1487), etc.
ST.-iLLION ANY AgE.
H. Beith & Co., BowmanviUe, Ont., "Sir Maurice" (imp.) [1126] (4721).
ShIKE ok CAhT,
Judges. — J. Rountree, Carleton W., Ont.; F. Green, Jr., Innerkip, Ont.; J, Kemp, Toronto, Ont.
Heavy Draught Shire Stallion, 4 Years Old and Upwards.
1st prize, $30, 2ud prize, •'520. 3rd prize, §10.
Thos. Donkin & Sons, Riverview, Ont., " Man-o'-War" (imp.) [153] ; dapple brown, near hind foot white;
foaled 1883 ; imported 1888 ; bred by T. Cranwick ; s. Nonsuch (1658) ; d. Brisk, by John Bull (5138).
Shire Stalmon, 2 Years Old.
1st prize, §16. 2nd prize, §12. 3rd prize,
1st, H. George & Sons, Crampton, Ont., " Lennox " (imp.) [103] (7574) ; bay ; foaled 1887 ; imported 1888;
bred by H. Ashcraft, Tarleton, I'reston Lane, £ng.; s. Triton (4128); d. mare by Royalist (2488.)
2nd, Ormsby & Chapman, Spnngfield-on-the-Credit, Ont., " Leake Koyal George " (imp.) [87] (7561); bay;
foaled May, 1887 ; imported July lijth, 1889 ; bred by John Hines, Gocham, Derby, Eng.; s. "Royal
George II." (2485) ; d. Bute, by Monarch (1582).
3rd, Ormsby (Sc Chapman, Springheld-on-the-Credit, Ont., "Leake Rover" (imp.) [85] (7560), bay, white
star and hind feet ; foaled May, 1888 ; imported 1889 ; bre J by Richardson, Normanton, Longborough,
Leicester, il^ng.; s. The Orphan (4736); d. Violet, by NoLCiugliam (2636).
Shire Stallion, any Age.
1st prize. Silver Medal.
T. Donkin & Sons, Riverview, Ont., "Man-o'-War " (imp.) [153],
CLYDESDALE OR SHIRE.
Filly, 3 Years Old.
Ist prize, §15. 2nd prize, §10. 3rd prize, §5.
Ist, D. & O. Sorby, Gualph, Ont., "Evening Star "(imp.) [994] ; brown; foaled 1886; imported 1889;
bred by David Ferguson, Meigle, Scotland ; s. Morning Star (3017) ; d. Pride of Bardmony, by Blue
Ribbon (1961.)
2nd, H. Snell & Sons, Clinton, "Gipsy Queen" (imp.) [990]; bay, white face; foaled May'9th, 1886;
imported 1888 ; bred by Patrick Hunter, Ardgaioh, Glencarse, Perthshire, Scotland ; s. Crossburn
(2707) ; d. Gyp of Ardgaith (2364, by Houston Laddie (390), etc.
FiLLY', 2 Years Old.
1st prize, §12. 2ad prize, §8, 3rd prize, §4.
Ist, E. W. & G. Charlton, Duncrief, Ont., "Queen of Maplewood Farm" (imp.) [439]; bay, star on fore-
head, little white on both hind feet ; foaled May 21th, 1887 ; iminirted in dam, August, 1886 ; bred by
D. A. Hood, Bilgreddan, Kirkcudbright, Scotland ; s. Macpherson (3825) ; d. Polly Craig ('.mp.) [438],
by Darnley (222), etc.
■2nd, ri. Snell & Sons, Clinton, Ont., "Jess of Airdrie " (imp.) [9S9] ; brown, stripe on face and hind feet
white ; foaled June 7th, 1887 ; imported 1888 ; bred by Johu Hudge, Mollinhillhead, Scotland ; s. Hia
Royal Highness (2L65); d. Lily of Airdrie [hiii]. by tlie E^rl (732J).
5rd, D. & O. Sorby, Guelph, Ont., " Sonsie " (imp.) [996] ; bay ; foaled April, 1887 : imported 1889 ; bred
by W. H. Lumsden, Balmedie. Scotland ; s. Baron OTnreave (3403) ; d. Sunbeam (6385), by Mac-
gregor ^1487).
137
53 Victoria. SessioiiaJ Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
Yearling Filly.
1st prize, $10. 2nd prize, $6. 3rd prize, $4.
1st, R. Beitli & Co., Bowmanville, " Maria " (imp.) [07!>] vol xii., S C. B. ; dark bay, stripe on face;
foaled 1888; imported 1889 ; bred by \Vm. McKiuiipIl, Butterhole, Dalbeattie, Scotland; s. Master of
Blantyre (228.3) ; d. Nannie of Butterhole (4835), bv Bob Burns (105), etc.
2nd, D. &0. Sorby, Guelph, Ont., "Sunrise" (imp.) [!)Ua] ; brown; foaled May, 1888; im.ported 1889;
bred by W. H. Lumsden, Balmedie, Scotland ; s. AlcCamon (3818) ; d. Sunbeam (6385), by Maegregor
(1487), etc.
3rd, A. B. Scott & Son, Vanneck, Out., " Primrose " [G61J ; brown, small white star ; foaled May 18th,
1888 ; bred by exhibitors ; s. Macombie (imp.) [788] (4555) ; d. Kate II. of Congeith (imp.) [225], by
Macgrt'gor (1487), etc.
Brood Make, with Foal by Her Side, or Evidence op Having Had a Foal in 1889,
1st prize, $20. 2nd prize, $15. 3rd prize, $10.
1st, John Oliver, Duncriet, " Lady McGregor " (imp.) [374]; bay, white ratch, white hind legs; foaled
June 1st, 1884; imported 1886; bred by J. Griffin, jr.. Mountain Tops, Cross-Michael, Scotland; s.-
Macgregor (1487) ; d. Sally (3554), by Pride of Galloway (601), etc.
2nd, A. B. Scott & Son, Vanneck, Ont., "Kate II. of Congeith" (imp.) [225]; brown, white stripe on face,^
white hind foot ; foaled April, 1883 ; imported 1886 ; bred by J. Cameron, Congeith, Dunfries, Scot-
land ; s. Maegregor (1487) ; d. Kate of Congeith (2018), by The Lord (865), etc,
3rd, Prouse & Williamson, Ingersoll, Ont., " Coylton Maid " (imp.) [794] ; brown ; foaled May 3rd, 1886 ;
imported July, 1888 ; bred bv J. Mcllwaith, Meadowhead, Coylton, Ayrshire, Scotland ; s. Gold
(3657) ; d. Lady Margaret (7544), by Old Times (579), etc.
Foal of 1889.
1st prize, $8. 2nd prize, $6.
1st, A. B. Scott & Son, Vanneck, Ont.
2nd, J. McMillan & Sons, Constance, Ont.
CLASS VI.
Heavy Draught Horses (cross bred, recorded in Canadian Draught Hi«rse Stud Book, or for
those under five ciosses in Draught Horse Record).
Registered CertiUcate o^ Breeding required.
J'tdges. — John Kemp, Toronto, Ont.; J. Kountree, Carleton We.st, Ont.; F Green, .Jr., Innerkip, Ont,
Heavy Draught Stallion, 3 Years Old and Upwakds.
1st prize, .$25. 2nd prize, ^\h. 3rd prize, $10.
1st, J. Gunning', Frome. Ont., "Better Times, Jr.," fR 85]'; bay, star on forehead; foaled July, 1885;
bred by e.xhibitor ; s. Better Times (imp.) [1122] (3422) ; d. Kate b ' Samson (imp.) (Clark's), et?.
2nd, A. J. McCardy, Ingersoll, Ont., " Wallace '" [K, 9ol ; bay, strin<^ on face, three white feet; foaled
June, 1886 ; bred by D. McKay, Kintore, Ont. ; s. Lorn*- (imp.) [1078] (500) ; d. mare by Scotchman
(imp.) [230], etc.
Heavy Draught Stallion, 2 Years Old atd Under.
1st prize, $15. 2nd prize, $12. 3rd prize, .$8.
let, J. Sims, Kintore, Ont., " Enterprise "— 257— ; dark bay. white face and hind feet; foaled August
10th, 1887; bred by W. Rae, Avonton, Ont.; s. Forman MacLeod (imp.) [926] (.3030); d. Polly, by
Lord Selkirk (imp.) [4.39] (2979), etc.
2nd, T. McMich.ael, Seaforth, Ont., "Young Mcr'artney "—254 — ; bred by the exhibitor, s. McCartney
(imp.) [354] C. C. B. (3816) ; d. Queen the First - .303-, by King of the'Dominion [9] C. S. B.
3rd, F. Cook, Granton, Ont., " Waterside Farmer" [R 84] ; bright bay, stripe on face, three white feet ;
foaled April 18th, 1887 ; bred by exhibitor ; s. Young Pride (.f Scotland (imp.) [173] (1368) ; d. Lucy,
by Old Lome (728), etc
Heavy Draught Stallion, 1 Year Old.
1st prize, 18. 2nd prize, $6. 3rd prize, $4.
Ist, W. A. Cunningham, Carlow, Ont., " Youngr T^ord " [R. 87] ; bav with star, white on one hind foot ;
foaled May 16th 1888. bred by J. Govier. Auburn, Ont ; sire Lord of the Manor (imp.) [1155] (2971) ;
dam Upshall, by Real Mackav (1>^01). eic.
2nd, H. Snell, & Sons, Clinton, " McCartney Prince" — 222— ; bright bay, star and hin 1 feet white ; foaled
Dec. 4th, 1887 ; bred bv the exhibitor : s. McCartney (imp.) [3.54] C. C. B., (3816) ; d. Fanny of Clin-
ton—288— , by Boreland Cliief (imp.) [76] C. C. B. (1969), etc.
3rd, T. McMichael, Seaforth, Ont., " Kirp of Huron "—255— ; bred by the exhibitor ; s. Boreland Chief
(imp.) [76] C. C. B., 1919; d. Polly, by Heather Jock, etc.
138
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
Stallion, Ant Age.
W. A. Cunningham, Carlow, Ont., Young Lord [R. S7].
Filly 3 Years Old.
1st prize, $15. 2nd prize, $10. 3rd prize, $5.
1st, J. Sims, Kintore, Ont., " Polly Wellwood " — 186 — ; bay, fctripe on face, hind feet white, foaled Aug.
26th, 1886, bred by A. Jeffrey, Whitby, Ont., sire Wellwood (imp.) [323] (4109) dam Centennial
Medalist— 134- ; by Netherby (imp.) [126], 8, (1494) etc.
Filly, 2 Years Old.
1st prize, $10. 2ud prize, $6. 3rd priae, $4.
1st, B. Pile, Parkhill, Ont., " Maggie May of Duncrief "—189 — ; bay, white face, three white legs, foaled
May 10, 1887, bred bv E, W. & G. Charlton, Duncrief, Ont. ; sire Glengarry (imp.)— 1— , dam Maid of
Springland [109] by Oount Careless (imp.) [41] (1421) etc.
Yearling Filly.
1st prize, $8. 2nd prize, $6. 3rd prize, $4.
1st, D. McPherson, Thamesford, Ont., " Jess " [R 56] bright hay, star, white hind feet, foaled Ajril 29th,
1888 ; bred by exhibitor ; sire Springholm (imp.) [424] )40£0) ; dam Flora, ly Maiquis of lone (imp.)
[73] (3832) etc.
Foal of 1889.
1st prize, $6. 2nd prize, $4.
Ist. H. G. Taylor, Auburn, Ont.
Span op Heavy Draught Horses (Geldings or Mares) in Harness.
1st prize, $20. 2nd prize, $15. 3rd prize, $10.
Ist, J. S. A. McFarlane, Littlewood, Ont.
2nd, A. Hughes, Kerwood, Ont.
CLASS VII.
SoPFOLK Horses (imported or bred from pure imported stock on the side of both sire and dam).
Stallion 3 Years Old and Upwards.]
1st prize, $20. 2nd prize, $10.
1st, A. & J. W. Salmon, Tliorndale, Ont., "Invader "—1439- ; foaled May 2&th, 1884; bred by M.
Biddle, Killesford, Eng. ; s. Commodore ; d. Rose.
Stallion, Any Age.
1st prize, Silver Medal.
A. & J. W. Salmon, Thorndale, Ont.
Brood Mare (with foal by her side, or evidence of having foaled in 1889).
1st prize, $15. 2nd prize, $10.
Ist, Jos. Beck, Thorndale. Ont., "Patch "-1536-; foaled in 1883 ; bred by Jas. Toller, Blaxall, Suffolk,
England ; s. Chieftain 1354 ; d. Pearl 918, by Emperor 644, etc.
2nd, Jos. Beck, Thorndale, Ont., " Vanity " (1630) ; foaled in 1883 ; bred by Jas. Toller, Blaxall, Suffolk,
England ; s. " Cup Bearer 3rd " (566) ; d. Venture (922), by Monarch (1348) etc.
Hirihly commended— A. & J. W. Salmon, Thorndale, Ont., " Violet " (2338) ; foaled in li*89 ; bred by
W. Pratt, Ipswitch, England : s. Royal Duke ; d. Depper, by Dunwich, etc.
^ Filly, 3 Years Old.
1st prize, $10. 2nd prize, $5.
Ist, A. & J. W. Salmon, Thorndale, Ont., "Vixen "(2363) ; foaled in 1887 ; bred by exhibitors; s. Wilby
(1534) ; d. Violet (2338), by Royal Duke, etc.
139
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
Filly, 2 Years and Under.
1st prize, $4.
J. Beck, Tliorndale, Oat., "Maud" (2377); foaled in 1888; bred by exhibitor; s. Invader (1439): d.
Vanity (1630) ; by Cup Bearer 3rd (506), etc.
Colt of 1889.
1st prize, $6. 2nd prize, $4.
1st, A. & J. W. Salmon, Thorndale, Ont.
2nd, Jos. Beck, Thorndale, Ont., " Emperor " ; foaled in 1889 ; bred by the exhibitor : s. Invader (1439) ;
d. Vanity (1630) ; by Cup Bearer 3rd (566), etc.
CLASS VI 11.
Peruhkro^.s, (imported or bred from pure imported stock on the side of both sire and dam).
Pedigree required.
Judges.— Chas. McNeil, Lucan, Out.; J. B. Freeman, Simcoe, Ont.; Neil Cassidy, Port Elgin, Ont.
SrALLioN, 3 Years Old and Upwards.
1st prize, $20. 2nd prize, $15. 3rd prize, $10.
1st, D. C. Dorman, Byron, Ont.
2nd, J. & W. Prinofle, Ayr, Ont., " French Lion "(imp.) 1014.
3rd, G. Green, Goderich, Ont.
Stallion, 2 Years Old.
1st prize, $15. 2nd prize. $10.
1st, D. E. Adams, Oxford Centre, Ont.
Yearling Colt.
1st prize, $10. 2nd prize, $6.
1st, P. Whelihan, St. Marys, Ont.
2nd, M. Campbell, lona, Ont.
Stallion, any Age.
Silver Medal.
D. C. Dorman, Byron, Ont.
Filly, 3 Yeaus Old.
1st prize, $15. 2nd prize, $10.
D. E. Adams, Oxford Centre, Ont.
Filly, 2 Years Old.
1st prize, $10. Second prize, $5.
Ist, P. Whelihan, St. Marys, Ont.
Filly, 1 Year Old.
D. E. Adams, Oxford Centre, Ont.
Brood Mare (with foal by her .side, or evidence of having had a foal in 1889.)
1st prize, $15. 2nd prize, $10.
1st, P. Whelihan, St. Marys, Ont.
2nd, D. E. Adams, Oxford Centre, Ont.
Foal of 1889.
1st prize, $6. 2nd prize, $4.
Ist, P. Whelihan, St. Marys, Ont.
2nd, D. E. Adams, Oxford Centre, Ont.
140
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 18iJ0
CATTLE.
CLASS IX.
DURHAMS.
Jdhges.— Hugh Thompson, St. Marys, Ont.; Richard Gibson, Ddaware, Ont.
Bull, 3 Years Old and.Upwards.
1st prize, $35. 2nd prize, $25. 3rd prize, $15.
1st, J. & W. Russell. Richmond Hill, Ont., "Stanley " =8638= : dark roan ; calved June 23rd, 1886 ;
bred by Joseph Redmond, Peterborongh, Ont. ; got by Challenge =2933= ; d. Wimple 16th (imp )
=5234=, by British Flag (46009), etc.
2nd, Thos. McKay, Richwood, Ont., "Victor Hugo Ingram," (vol. v.); roan ; calved Oct. 14th, 1885;
bred by Geo. B. Bristow, Rob Roy, Ont. ; got by Sir Arthur Ingram ; d. Village Girl (imp.), bv Scot-
land's Pride (25100). V t /' J
3rd, H. J. Davis, Woodstock, Ont., "Roan Prince " (imp.) =2733= ; dark roan ; calved Oct. 6th, 1884 ;
bred by Sylvester Campbell, Kinellar, Aberdeenshire, Scotland ; got by Vermont (47193) d. Nonpareil
36th (vol. xxxi) E. H. B., by Gladstone (43286), etc.
Bull, 2 Years Old.
1st prize, $35. 2nd prize, $25. 3rd prize, $15.
1st, J. & W, Russell, Richmond Hill, Ont., " Windsor " (imp.) red ; calved Jan. 30th, 1887 ; bred by S.
Campbell, Kinellar, Scotland ; got by Gravesend (46461) ; d. Red Rose, by Gladstone (43286), etc.
2nd. T. Russell, Exeter, " Clear the Way " =9922= ; dark roan ; calved Nov. 20th, 1886 ; bred by the
exhibitor; got by Mariner (imp. )= = ; d. Jane Gray = =, by Prince of Strathallen = =, etc.
3rd, Jas. Crerar, Shakespeare, Ont., "Prince Charlie."
Bull, 1 Yeak Oll>.
1st prize, $30. 2nd prize, $20. 3rd prize, $12.
1st, John Currie, Everton, Ont., " Silver Star " =10976= ; roan ; calved Nov. 10th, 1887 ; bred by John
Morgan & Sons, Kerwood, Ont. ; got by Golden Star ; d. Maid of Honor =3799=, by Royal Duke
=2379=, etc.
2nd, T. Nelson & Sons, Bow Park, Brantford, Ont., "Master Ingram"; roan; calved Nov. 20th, 1887;
bred by the exhibitors ; got by Sir Arthur Ingram ; d. Havering Nonpareil 2nd = = by 'Baron
Gwynne 2nd (443-50).
3rd, T. Russell, Exeter. "Riverside Hero"; calved Nov. 1st, 1887 ; bred by exhibitor.
Bull Calk, Under 1 Year Old.
1st prize, $20. 2nd prize, $15. 3rd prize, $10.
1st, T. Russell, Exeter, Ont., " Grey Mariner" =12012= ; dark roan; calved Oct. 2nd, 1888; bred by
exhibitor; got by Mariner (imp.) =2720= ; d. Jane Grey =9327=; by Prince of Strathallen
=3727=, etc. ^
2nd, R. & S. Nicholson, Sylvan, Ont., "7th Crown Jewel " =11957= ; roan ; calved Oct. 12th, 1888 ; bred
by exhibitors ; got by Warrior (imp.) =4133= (55173); d. 4th Leonore of Elmdale, by Prince Albert
=3669=. ^, ^
3rd, John Morgan & Sons, Kerwood, Ont., "Crimson Star " =11982= ; roan ; calved Oct. 15th, 1888; bred
by the exhibitors ; got by Golden Star =4995= ; d. Crimson Flower 7th =2685=, by Ro'val Barmn-
ton (imp.) =217= (45503), etc. ' j j p
Bull, any Age.
Silver Medal.
J. Currie, Everton, Ont., "Silver Star =10976=.
Cow.
1st prize, $30. 2nd prize, $20. 3rd prize, $15.
1st, T. Nelson & Sons, Bow Park, Brantford, Ont., "Lady Isabel " (imp.) =5156= ; roan ; calved April
4th, 1881 ; bred by J. Outhwaite, Bainesse, Cotterick, Yorkshire, Eng ; imported 1885 by exhibitors •
got by Crown Prince (38061) ; d. Lady Conyers, by Lord Gololphin (36065), etc. '
2nd, T. Nelson & Sons, Bow Park, Brantford, Ont., " Isabella 2nd " (imp.) =8283= ; white ; calved July
9th, 1885 ; bred by J. Outhwaite, Bainesse, Cotterick, Yorkshire, Eng. ; imported by exhibitors in
1885 ; got by Lord Zetland (43596) ; d. Lady Isabel (imp.)=5156=, by Crown Prince (38061), etc.
3rd. J. & W. Russell, Richmond Hill, Ont., "Roan Princess " (imp.) ; roan ; calved Feb. 26th, 18''5 ; bred
by G. Ingles, Newmore, Scotland; got by Star of the West (48789) ; d. Vail Princess, by Windsor
Vail (44273), etc.
141
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
Cow, 3 Yeaks Old.
1st prize, $30. 2nd prize, $20. 3rd prize, $15.
1st, T. Nelson & Sons, Bow Park, Brantford, "Lady Oxford Waterloo 5th"; roan; calved April 17th,
1887 ; bred by the exhibitors ; got by Viscount Oxford, of Elmhurst (48892) ; d. Waterloo Belle, by
Wild Duke 3rd (42611).
2nd, J. & W. Russell, Richmond Hill, Ont., " Mina Lenton " ; roan ; calved Oct. 25th, 1885 ; bred by
J. Isaac, Markham, Ont.; got by Baron Lenton (imp.) =1222= (49081); d. Mina of Aberdeen (imp.)
by Gladstone (43286).
3rd, R. & S. Nicholson, Sylvan, Ont., " 4th Leonore of Elmdale " (vol. v.) ; roan ; calved Dec. 1st, 1885;
bred by exhibitors ; got by Prince Albert =3669= ; d. Leonore 2nd =6800-, by The Baron =1107 = ,
etc.
Heifeb, 2 Years Old.
1st prize, $20. 2nd prize, $15. 3rd prize, $10.
1st, T. Nelson & Sons, Bow Park, Brantford, Ont., " White Socks " ; roan ; calved Sept. 14th, 1886; bred
by the exhibitors ; got by Sir Arthur Ingram ; d. White Stockings, by Canute (46036), etc.
2nd, Jas. Crerar, Shakespeare, Ont., " Red Tibbie," =14921= ; red and a little white; calved Nov. 25th,
1887 ; bred by exhibitor ; got by Laird of Kinellar, [vol. v.), d. Christmas by Sir James, etc.
5rd, H. Snell & Sons, Clinton, Ont., " Queen of Clinton " =14478=; roan ; calved April 8th, 1887 ; bred
by exhibitors ; got by Captain Merlin =2923=; d. Irene 12th =6349=, by Prince of Seaham =2274=,
etc.
Heifer, 1 Year Old.
1st prize, $16. 2nd prize, $12. 3rd prize, $8.
1st, R. & S. Nicholson, Sylvan, Ont., " Vacuna 13th " =14 .38=; white ; calved Sept. 29th, 1887 ; bred
by exhibitors ; got by Prince Albert =3669=; d. Vacuna 5th =8065=, by Baron Stanley =1400=, etc.
2nd, J. & W. Russell, Richmond Hill, Ont., " Rose of Autumn 9th"=16059=; red ; calved Jan. 5th, 1888;
bred by exhibitors ; got by Prince =3666=; d. Rose of Autumn 7th =7811=, by Sir Richard Booth
=2454=, etc.
3rd, John Morgan & Son, Kerwood, Ont., " Silver Queen " =16776=; white ; calved Dec. 10th, 1887;
bred by the exhibitors ; got by Golden Star =4995=; d. Fair Queen 3rd =6022=, by British States-
man (imp.) =40= (42847), etc.
Heifer Calf, Under 1 Year.
1st prize, $15. 2nd prize, $10. 3rd prize, $5.
1st, J. & W. Russell, Richmond Hill, Ont., " Nonpareil's Victoria."
2nd, J. & W. Russell, Richmond Hill, " Royal Princess" =16779=; red ; calved Sept. 2nd, 1888; bred
by exhibitors ; got by Nonpareil; d. Roan Princess (imp.), by Star of the West (48789), etc.
3rd, C. M. Simmons, Ivan, Out., " Elvira 13th " =16683=; roan; calved Nov. 15th, 1888; bred by the
exhibitor; got by Sir Christopher =3877=; d. Elvira 11th = =. by Duke of Guelder (imp.) =1240=
(47740).
Female, any Age.
Diploma.
T. Nelson & Sons, Bow Park, Brantford, Ont.
Herd of Durhams.
1st, T. Nelson & Sons, Bow Park, Brantford, Ont.
2nd, J. & W. Russell, Richmond Hill, Ont.
3rd, R. & S. Nicholson, Sylvan, Ont.
CLASS X.
Herefords.
Pedigrees Required as Per Rule 7.
Judges.— C. Barker, Paris, Ont.; F. Green, Jr., Innerkip, Ont.
Bull, 3 Years Old and Upwards.
1st prize, $33. 2nd prize, $20. 3rd prize, $10.
1st, Hon. M. H. Cochrane, Hillhurst, Que., " Cassio " (imp.) 11353; calved Aug. 8th, 1881, bred by
P. Turner, The Seen, Eng. ; s. The Grove 3rd 2490 ; d. Duchess 2nd 11384, by Spartan 3978, etc.
2nd, Hon. M. H. Cochrane, Hillhurst, Que., " Marshal Grove " 16944 ; calved Jan. 27th, 1885; bred by
the exhibitor ; s. Cassio 11353 ; d. Moss Rose 7515, by Snowball 6679, etc.
142
63 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A 1890
Bull, 2 Yeaks Old.
Ist prize, $30. 2nd prize, $20. 3rd prize, $10.
1st, F. A. Fleming, Weston, Ont., " Lord Fenn " 29030 ; calved Oct. 20th, 1886 ; bred by exhibitors ; s.
Corporal 4175 ; d. Lady Fenn 23250, by Downheim Bay (5877), etc.
Bull, 1 Year Old.
1st prize, $25. 2nd prize, $15. 3rd prize, $8.
1st, F. A. Fleming, Weston, Ont., "Amethyst" 3fi807 ; calved Sept. 30th, 1887; bred by exhibitor ; s.
Earl Downton 12797 ; d. Amelia 17906, by Royal 11th 13515, etc.
2nd, F. A. Fleming, Weston, Ont., " Wilton Hillhurst " (vol. x.); calved Feb. 19th, 1888 ; bred by Hon.
M. H. Cochrane, Hillhurst, Que. ; s. Ottoman 29783 ; d. Jessonda 11357, by Cassio, 11353, etc.
Bull Calf Under 1 Year Old.
1st prize, $15. 2nd prize, $10. 3rd prize, $5.
1st, Hon. M. H. Cochrane, Hillhurst, Que., " Paul Wilton " (vol. xi.); calved Jan. 4th, 1889; bred by
the exhibitor ; s. Grove Wilton 28853 ; d. Pauline 21378, by Romulus 6862, etc.
2nd, F. A. Fleming, Weston, Ont., " Sir Broady " 36825; calved Sept. 8th, 1888 ; bred by exhibitor; s.
Earl Downton 12797 ; d. Miss Broady 23852, by Downton Grand Duke 4182, etc.
Boll, ant Age.
Silver Medal.
Hon. M. H. Cochrane, Hillhurst, Que., " Cassio," 11353.
Cow.
1st prize, $25. 2nd prize, $15. 3rd prize, $10.
Ist, F. A. Fleming, Weston, Ont., "Lily 6th" (imp.) 23833; calved April 6th, 1883; bred by A.
Partridge, Discoyd, Eng,; s. Delight 23834 ; d. Lily 2nd 21172, by Latitude 21176, etc.
2nd, F. A. Fleming, Weston, Ont., " Miss Broady " (imp.) 23852 ; calved May 16th, 1882 ; bred by A. R.
Broughton, Knight Downton Castle, Eng. ; s. Downton Grand Duke 4182 ; d. Broady 9th 23853, by
Alphonso 9961, etc.
Cow, 3 Years Old.
1st prize, $25. 2nd prize, $15. 3rd prize, $10.
IstHon. M. H. Cochrane, Hillhurst, Que., " Vanity 2nd " 23121; calved Nov. 5th, 1885 ; bred by the
exhibitor ; s. Cassio 11353 ; d. Vanity 11346, by The Grove 3rd 2490, etc.
2nd, F. A. Fleming, Weston, Ont., " Miss Broady 2ud " 26399 ; calved May 11th, 1886, bred by exhibitor ;
s. Auctioneer 9572 ; d. Miss Broady 23852, by Downton Grand Duke 4182, etc.
Heifek, 2 Years Old.
1st prize, $20. 2nd prize, $12. 3rd prize, $8.
Ist, Hon. M. H. Cochrane, Hillhurst, Que., " Eastern Empress " 28860 ; calved Sept. 12th, 1886 ; bred by
the e.Khibitor ; s. Cassio 11353 ; d, Empress 11318, by The Grove 3rd 2190.
2nd, Hon. M. H. Cochrane, Hillhurst, Que., " ' .eranium " 32948; Ciilved April 4th, 1887; bred by the
exhibitor ; s. Cassio 11353 ; d. Gerty 21379, by Romulus 6862, etc.
3rd, F. A. Fleming, Weston, Ont., " Anuot Lyle " 29027 ; calved Oct. 4th, 1886; bred by the exhibitor ;
s. Corporal 4175 ; d. Amelia 17906, by Royal 11th 13515. etc.
Heifer, 1 Year Old.
1st prize, $15. 2nd prize, $10. 3rd prize, $5.
Ist,' Hon. M. H. Cochrane, Hillhurst, Que., " Vanity Third," (vol. xi.) ; calved Oct. 19th, 1887; bred by
the exhibitor ; s. Cassio 11353 ; d. Vanity 11346, by The Grove 3rd 2490, etc.
2nd, Hon. M. H. Cochrane, Hillhurst, Que., " Young Queen Third," (vol. xi.) ; calved Feb. 28th, 1888;
bred by the exhibitor ; s. Cassio 11353 ; d. Young Princess 3rd 11327, by Monlins 8116, etc.
3rd, F. A. Fleming, Weston, Ont., " Lady Dawn " 36815 ; calved Oct. 5th, 1887 ; bred by exhibitor; s.
Earl Downton 13797 ; d. Lady Djwnton 17530, by Downton Boy 4434, etc.
Heifer Calf, Under 1 Year.
1st prize, $12. 2nd prize, $8. 3rd prize, $5.
Ist, F. A. Fleming, Weston, Ont., " Lady Dot " 36816 ; calved Oct. 18th, 188^ ; bred by exhibitor • s
Earl Downton 12797 ; d. Lady Downton 17530, by Downton Boy 4434, etc. '
2nd, F. A. Fleming, Weston, Ont., "Barbara 2nd " 36808 ; calved Sept. 22nd, 1888; bred by exhibitor • s
Earl Downton 12797 ; d. Broady 9th 23846, by Formosa Boy 5th 14035, ete.
3rd, F. A. Fleming, Weston, Ont., " Amelia 2nd " 36806 ; calved Oct. 1st, 1888; bred by exhibitor • s
Earl Downton 12797 ; d. Amelia E. 17956, by Royal 11th 13515, etc. '
143
o3 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8j. A. 1890
Female, any Age.
Hon. M. H. Cochrane, Hillhurst, C^ue.
Herd.
1st prize, $20. 2nd prize, $15.
1st, Hon. M. H. Cochrane, Hillhurst, Que.
2nd, F. A. Fleming, Weston, Ont.
GLASS XL
Devons.
Pedigrees Required as Per Rule 7.
Judges. —R. J. Jelly, Jellyby, Ont.; E. Kidd, Barrett Rapids, Ont.; G. Mclntyre, Renfrew, Ont.;
J. K. Crawford, Crawford, Unt.
Bull, 3 Years Old and Upwards.
1st prize, $20. 2nd prize, $15.
Ist, S. Harper, Cobourg, Ont., " Luther" [931] ; calved May 5th, 1885 ; bred by the exhibitor ; s. Sir Walter
[843] ; d. Lizzy [894], by Uaribaldi 2nd [717], etc.
Bull, 2 Years Old.
1st prize, $20. 2nd prize, $15.
1st, W. J. Rudd, Eden Mills, Ont., " Dude " [947] ; calved March 15th, 1887 ; bred by the exhibitor ; s.
Victoria [884] ; d. Lady Creamer [929], by Marquis 2nd [871], etc.
2nd, S. Harper, Cobourg, Ont., " Brigham " [948]; calved Sept. 26th, 1886; bred by the exhibitor; s,
Mike [920] ; d. Rose of Cobourg [897], by Garibaldi 2nd [717], etc.
Bull, 1 Year Old.
1st prize, $20. 2nd prize, $15.
let, W. J. Rudd, Eden Mills, Ont., "Nelson " [957] ; calved Feb. 24th, 1888; bred by the exhibitor ; s.
Lord Landsdowne [933] ; d. Rose [849], by King of the Ocean [727], etc.
2nd, S. Harper, Cobourg, Unt., " Buffalo Jack " [9.55] ; calved March 1st, 1888 ; bred by the exhibitor; s.
Mike [920] ; d. Annie [922], by Sir Walter [843], etc.
Bull Calb% Under 1 Year.
1st prize, $15. 2nd prize, $10.
Ist, S. Harper, Cobourg, Ont., "Job "[985]; calved Feb. 1st, 1889; bred by the exhibitor ; s. Luther
[931] ; d. Rose of Cobourg [897], by Garibaldi 2nd [717], etc.
2nd, W. J. Rudd, Eden Mills, Ont., " Captain "[984] ; calved March 10th, 1889 ; bred by the exhibitor ;
s. Lord Landsdowne [933] ; d. Lady Creamer [929], by Marquis 2nd [871], etc.
Bull, any Age.
Silver Medal.
Cow.
1st prize, $20. 2nd prize, $15.
1st, W. J. Rudd, Eden Mills, Ont., "Beauty" [800]; calved June 2nd, 1880 ; bred by Geo. Rudd ; s,
Kempenfelt [719] ; d. Cherrypie [578], by Young Curly Prince of Wales [451], etc.
2nd, S. Harper, Cobourg, Ont., "Lucy" [931]; calved June 2nd, 1885; bred by the exhibitor ; s. Sir
Walter (843) ; d. Lady Dufferin [728], by Garibaldi 2nd [717], etc.
Cow, 3 Years Old.
1st prize, $20. 2nd prize, $15. 3rd prize, $10.
1st, W. J. Rudd, Eden Mills, Ont., " Lady Graceful " [946] ; calved Jan. 8th, 1886; bred by the exhibitor ;
8. Rose's Duke [929 ; d. Red Rose [890], by Professor [847], etc.
2nd, W. J. Rudd, Eden Mills, Ont., " Esmeralda " [936] ; calved March 26th, 1886 ; bred by the Ontario
Experimental Farm, Guelph, Ont.; s. Rose's Duke [929]; d. Esmeralda (imp.) [928], by Chanceller
(1047).
3rd, S. Harper, Cobourg, Ont., "Maggie" [938]; calved Oct. 20th, 1885; bred by the exhibitor; s. Sir
Walter [843] ; d. Florence Nightingale [895], by Garibaldi 2nd [717], etc.
144
W. J. Rudd, Eden Mills, Ont.
63 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1^90
Heifef, 2 Years Old.
1st prize, $15. 2nd priae, $10.
lit, S. Harper, Cobourer, Ont., " Susan " [955] ; calyed April 1st, 1887 ; bred by the exhibitor; s. Mike
[920] ; d. Lizzie [894], by Garibaldi 2nd [717], etc.
2nd, W. J. Rudd, Eden Mills, Ont., " Rene " [952]; calved April 20tb, 1887; bred by the exhibitor; e^
Victor [884] ; d. Rose [849], by King of the Ocean [727], etc.
Heifer, 1 Year Old.
Ist prize, $12. 2nd prize, $8.
1st, W. J. Rudd, Eden Mills, Ont., " Ethel " [9617] ; calved May 20th, 1888 ; bred by the exhibitor; p^
Lord Landsdowne [953] ; d. Rose [953], by John A [852], etc.
2ud, S. Harper, Cobourg, Ont., "Fannie B."
Heifer Calf, Under 1 Year.
1st prize, $10. 2nd prize, $5.
Ist, W. J. Rudd, Eden Mills. Ont., "Gem " [886]; calved Jan. 15th, 1889; bred by the exhibitor; s^
Lord Landsdowne [933] ; d. Charlotte [954], by Curly Tom [886], etc.
2nd, S. Harper, Cobourg, Ont., " Lilv " [889] ; calved April 1st, 1889; bred by the exhibitor; s. Luthe^'
[931] ; d. Sally [923], by Jack's Alive [749], etc.
Female, ant Age.
Diploma.
W. J. Rudd, Eden Mills, Ont.
Herd.
1st prize, $20. 2nd prize, $10.
Ist, W. J. Rudd, Eden Mills, Ont.
2nd, S. Harper, Cobourg, Ont.
CLASS XII.
Ayrshires.
Pedigrees must be recorded in Dominion Herd Book. Entrj^ forms will be sent on application. Cow&
must be milked clean by 7 p. m. of the day before they are judged.
Judges. — J. McQueen, Crofts, Dalbeattie, Scotland ; W. Crawford, Brown's Corners, Ont.; J. Foot,
Port Hope, Ont.
Bull, 3 Years Old and Upwards.
1st prize, $30. 2nd prize, $20. 3rd prize, $10.
1st, T. Guy, Oshawa, Ont., " General Grant " — A 136— ; red and white ; calved April 27th, 1885 ; bred
by G. Hill, Delaware, 3nt.; s. Watty Mars —268— ; d. Louisa —A 51—, by Columbus, —A 22—, etc,
2nd, A. Gerrard, Hamilton, Ont., " Cleveland " — 297 - ; white and red ; calved Sept. 25th, 1883 ; bred by
E. W. Ware, Hamilton, Ont. ; s. Mars of Winchester —296— ; d. Fancy Fair —514—, by Royal
Butterfly — 214-, etc.
3rd, W. Stewart, jr., Menie, Ont., "Gen. Mlddleton " — 443—; red and white; calved Jan. 15th, 1886;
bred by Rev. W. K. Burr. Ameliasburg, Ont.; s. Sir Garnet —212— ; d. Spotted Butteyfly —347—, by
Prince Charley — 126—, etc.
Bull, 2 Years Old.
1st prize, $30. 2nd prize, $20. 3rd prize, $10.
1st, A. Gerrard, Hamilton, Ont., "Royalty of Plantagenet.
2nd, M. Ballantyne, St. Marys, Ont., " Lome of the Lee " — 579— ; brown, red and white ; calved October
31st, 1886 ; bred by A. P. Ball, Stanstead, Que. ; s. Sandy Lee —578— ; d. Mary Jane —1179—, by
Dunmore — 577—, etc.
3rd, Kains Bros., Byron, Ont., "Glen" —A 54 — , red and white; calved April 10th, 1887; bred by
exhibitors ; s. Stoncalsey (imp.) — 34 — ; Beauty's Orphan — A 98 — , by Bismarck —119—, etc.
Bull, 1 Year Old.
1st prize, $25. 2nd prize, $15. 3rd prize, .$8.
1st, Nichol Bros., Plattsville, Ont., "Oxford King " — A 55 — ; red and white ; calved October 13th, 1887 ;
bred by T. Nichol, Plattsville, Ont.; s. Ramsay Lad —A 42- ; d. Flora of Oxford -525—, by Rob
Roy of Oxford — 300-, etc.
2nd, T. (tUV, Oshawa, Ont., "Columbus."
3rd, M. Ballantyne, St. Marys, Ont., " Hanlan " —458— ; red and white ; calved May 15th, 1888 ; bred by
exhibitor ; s. John L. Sullivan —362 — ; d. Aggie — 923—, by Marquis of Stafford — 192— etc.
10 (A. A.) 145
-53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
Bull Calf, Under 1 Year.
Ist prize, $15. 2nd prize, $10. 3rd prize, $8.
lat, T. Guy, Oshawa, Ont., " Rifleman " — 593 — : red and white ; calved September 20th, 1888 ; bred by
exhibitor ; s. Butterfly of Oshawa — 454— ; d. Ida — 845—, by Lord Lome —307 — , etc.
2nd, Kains Bros , Byron, Ont., " Elsmere " ^585— ; red and white; calved September 15th, 1888 ; bred
by exhibitors ; s. Stoncalsey (imp.) —34— ; d. Jeannie of Auchenbrain — 129 — (imp.)
•3rd, W. Stewart, jr., Menie, Ont., " Duke of Menie " —581- ; red and white ; calved March 5th, 1889 ;
bred by exhibitor ; s. Gen. Middleton — 1762 — ; d. Lady Menie — 1535 — , by Duke of Belleville
—302—, etc.
T. Guy, Oehawa, Ont.
Bull, Any Age.
Silver Medal.
Cow.
Ist prize, $25. 2nd prize, $15. 3rd prize, $10.
1st, T. Guy, Oshawa, Out., " Violet " —763— ; dark red and white ; calved March 23rd, 1884 ; bred by
exhibitor; s. William Wallace — 130— ; d. Perfection — 181 — , by Eclipse — 105 — , etc.
2nd, Kains Bros., Byron, Ont., " Jeannie of Auchenbrain " (imp.) — 129 — ; red and white ; calved April,
1882 ; bred by R. Wallace, Auchenbrain, Scotland ; s. Duke 3rd (647) ; d. Paisley, by Wallace of
Drumlavrig(61), etc.
3rd, A. Gerrard, Hamilton, Ont., " Nelly Mars " — 515— ; red and white ; calved August 15th, 1882 ; bred
by J. B. Bessev & Bro., Georgetown, Ont.; s. Sir Colin —138— ; d. Julia Mars —220—, by Mars Ist
—108-, etc.
Cow, 3 Years Old.
1st prize, $25. 2nd prize, $15. 3rd prize, $10.
lit, W. Stewart, jr., Menie, Ont., "Annie Laurie" —1096—; red and white; calved March 23rd, 1886;
bred by exhibitor ; s. Wellington —330- ; d. Lady Menie —535—, by Duke of Belleville —332—, etc.
■3nd, A. Gerrard, Hamilton, Ont., " Lady Gordon —573— ; dark red and white ; calved Sept. 20th, 1885 ;
bred by exhibitor ; s. Mars of Winchester —296 — ; d. Fancy Fair —514 — , by Royal Butterfly
—214—, etc.
■3rd, T. Guy, Oshawa, Ont., " Gurta 12th " — 907— ; red and white ; calved November 1st, 1885 ; bred by
exhibitor ; s. Stoncalsey 4th —255—; d. Gurta 7th — 615—, by William Wallace — 130—.
Heifer, 2 Years Old. .
Ist prize, $20. 2nd prize, $12. 3rd prize, $8.
Ist, Kains Bros., Byron, Ont., "Pansy" —1192— ; red and white ; calved September 8th, 1877; bred by
exhibitor; s. Stoncalsey (imp.) —34—; d. Lucy of Byron —1085—, by Watty Mars —268—, etc.
2nd, T. Guy, Oshawa, Ont., " Daisy of Sydenham " — A 173 — ; red and white ; calved April 25th, 1887 ;
'bred by the exhibitor; s. Butterfly of Oshawa —454— ; d. Daisy Blossom —A 172—, by Cadno 2nd
— 207-, etc
-Srd, A. Gerrard, Hamilton, Ont., " Annie Mars 2nd " —284— ; red and white ; calved Sept. 28th, 1886 ;
bred by E. W. Ware, Hamilton, Ont. ; s. Comet —156—; d. Annie Mars —253—, by Mars 1st —108—, etc.
Heifer, 1 Year Old.
1st prize, $15. 2nd prize, $10. 3rd prize, $5.
1st, T. Guy, Oshawa, Ont., " Model 4th " — 911— ; red and white; calved Jan. 6th, 1888; bred by exhibitor;
s. Butterfly of Oshawa — 454— ; d. Model — 403 -, by Bismarck, etc.
2nd, M. Ballantyne, St. Mary's Ont., " Nettie" —922— ; red and white ; calved Jan. 5th, 1888 ; bred by
exhibitor ; s. .lohn L. Sullivan —362— ; d. Dandy —921—, by Stoncalsey 4th - 255 -, etc.
^rd, A. (Jerrard, Hamilton, Ont., "Jenny" — 326 — ; red and white ; calved Sept. 28th, 1887 ; bred by E.
W. Ware, Hamilton, Ont.; s. Comet —156— ; d. Silver Bud —325—, by Sandy Mack —180—, etc.
Heifer Calf, Under 1 Year,
1st prize, $12. 2nd prize, $8. 3rd prize, $.5.
1st, T. Guy, Oshawa, Ont., " Model 5th " — 1200— ; red and white ; calved October 1st, 1888 ; bred by
' exhibitor ; s. Butterfly of Oshawa —454-- ; Model —403 — , by Bismarck —119—, etc.
2nd, T. Guy, Oshawa, Ont., " Violet 3rd " —1251— ; red and white ; calved September 5th, 1888 ; bred by
exhibitor ; s. Butterfly of Oshawa —454— ; d. Violet —763—, by William Wallace — 130-, etc.
•3rd, Nichol, Bros., Platsvilie, Ont., "Queen of Oxford" — A291— ; red and white ; calved Oct. 13th, 1888;
'bred by exhibitors ; s. Ramsay Lad —A 42— ; d. Flora of Oxford — 515—, by Rob Roy —300—. etc.
Female, Any Age.
Diploma.
Vf. Stewart, jr., Menie, Ont.
146
■53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
Herd.
Ist prize, $20. 2nd prize, $15. 3rd prize, $10.
Ibt, T. Guy, Oshawa, Ont.
5nd, Kains Bros., Byron, Ont.
4ird, A. (ierrard, Hamilton, Ont.
CLASS XII I.
Galloways.
Pedigree required as per rale 7.
JuDUKs. — J. Miller, Markham, Ont.; J. Beattie, Scotland; J. Isaac, Markham, Ont.
Bull, 3 Years Old and Upwards.
1st prize, $30. 2nd prize, $20.
1st, Wm. Kough, Owen Sound, Ont., " Cleaverhouse " (imp.) (4250); calved June 26th, 1886; imported
1887 ; bred by Thos. Beattie & Sons, Dalbeattie, Scotland ; s. Crusader (2858) ; d. Topsy (4146) ; bred
by T. Dixon, Broomhill, Nether Denton, Carlisle, Scotland.
2nd, Thos. McCrae, Guelph, Ont., "John Frost " (4285) : calved Jan. 9th, 1886 ; bred by Mrs. J. S. Wil-
son, Scotland ; s. Dauntless (2878) ; d. Nancie of Troguhain (4127), by Scottish Chief (1314), etc.
Bull, 2 Years Old.
1st prize, $30. 2nd prize.
Ist, Thos. McCrae, Guelph, Ont., " Count Palatine" (4508) ; calved May 6th, 1887 ; bred by Thos. Biggar
& Sons, Dalbeattie, Scotland ; s. Crusader (2858) : d. Cantatrice (5569), etc.
.2nd, Thos. McCrae, Guelph, Ont., "Commonwealth " (4515) ; calved March 30th, 1887 ; bred by Thomas
Biggar & Sons, Dalbeattie, Scotland ; s. Cromwell (2856) ; d. Semiramis 13th (4000), etc.
Bull, 1 Year Old.
1st prize, $25. 2nd prize, $15.
1st, Thos. McCrae, Guelph, Ont., "Glencraig" (5028) ; calved June 23rd, 1888 ; bred by the exhibitor • s
Stanley II., O. E. F. (4473) ; d. Belted Lass [557], etc.
2nd, Wm. Kough, Owen Sound, Ont., "Gen. Gordon;" calved April 28th, 1888 ; bred by the exhibitor- u
Cioseburn [774] ; d. Miss Steel [523], by Lord Chelmsford [521], etc. ' '
Bull Calf, Under 1 Year.
Ist prize, $15. 2nd prize, $10.
1st, Thos. McCrae, Guelph, Ont., "Bruce" (5948); calved Sept. 20th, 1888 ; bred by exhibitor- s Stanlpv
II., O. E. F. (4473) ; d. Blackie of Balig 17th (9515), etc. ' " '^^^°'^y
2nd, Wm. Kough, Owen Sound, Ont., " The Baron " 617 ; calved Dec. 11th, 1888 ; bred by the exhibitor -
s. Claverhouse (4250) ; d. Duchess Louise 2nd [2830], by Cioseburn [674], etc. '
"W. Kough, Owen Sound, Ont.
Bull, Any Age.
Silver Medal.
Cow.
1st prize, $25. 2nd prize, $15.
1st, Wm. Kough, Owen Sound, Ont., " Countess of Glencairn " (9501) ; calved Jan. 10th, 1885 ; bred by
Alex. McCowan, of Newtonairds, Dumfries, Scotland ; 8. Rover of Newtonairds (2742) • d Bertha of
Newtonairds (6514), by Lord Salisbury (1362), etc.
2nd, Thos. McCrae, Guelph, Ont., " Good Girl " (7431) ; calved March 15th, 1883 ; bred by Earl of Gallo-
way, Sooiland ; e. Baliol (1475) ; d. Eva of Garlieston (2844), etc.
Cow, 3 Years Old.
Ist prize, $25. 2nd prize, $15.
Ist, Thos. McCrae, Guelph, Ont., " Victoress Second of Cioseburn " (9649) ; calved March 2nd 1886 • bred
by Capt. F. E. Villiers, Cioseburn, Scotland , s. John Highlandman (1905) ; d. Lady of Clo'sebsrn
(4022), etc.
2nd Wm. Kough, Owen Sound, Ont., " Mary Fourth " [o234] : calved March 1st, 1886 ; bred by the exhih;
tor ; .. Creoohs [673] ; d. Mary [524], by Lord Chelmsford [521], etc. "iniDi.
147
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. ISaC
Heifer, 2 Years Old.
Ist prize, $20. 2nd prize, $12.
1st, Thos. McCrae, Guelph, Ont., " Black Beauty Fourteenth" (10401) ; calved Jan. 4th, 1887; bred by R.
& J. Shennan, Balig, Scotland ; s. Challenger (3848) ; d. Black Beauty 6th (4037), etc.
2nd, Wm. Kough, Owen Sound, Ont., "Mary Fifth " (3600) ; calved Jan. 21st, 1887 ; bred by the exhibi-
tor ; 9. Creochs [673]; d. Mary [524], by Lord Chelmsford [521], etc.
Heib'er, 1 Year Old.
1st prize, $15. 2nd prize, $10.
let, Wm. Kough, Owen Sound, Ont., "Miss Steele 5th" [4248]; calved Sept. 19th, 1887; bred by the
exhibitor ; sire Creochs [673] ; d. Mies Steele 2nd [3452], by Lord Chelmsford [521], etc.
2nd, Thos. McCrae, Guelph, Ont., " Chusie " 5027 ; calved March 3rd, 1888; bred by the exhibitor; e.
Stanley II., O. E. F. (4473) 2837; d. Chrissie (7029), by Chipperkyle (2332), etc,
Heifkr Calf, Under 1 Year.
Ist prize, $12. 2nd prize, $8.
Ist, Thos. McCrae, Guelph, Ont., "Ranee Ninth;" ealved Nov. 1st, 1888; bred by the exhibitor ; s. Black
Crusader ; d. Ranee IV. (5544), by Investment (1578), etc.
2nd, Wm. Kough, Owen Sound, Ont., "Countess of Glencairn Third " [6116] ; calved Feb., 1889 ; bred by
the exhibitor ; s. Claverhouse (4250) ; d. Countess of Glencairn (imp.) (950), by Rover of Newtonairda-
(2742), etc.
T, McCrae, Guelph, Ont.
Female, Ant Age.
Diploma.
Heed.
1st prize, $30. 2nd prize,
Ist, W. Kough, Owen Sound, Ont.
2nd, T. McCrae, Guelph.
CLASS XIV.
Angus ob Polled Abekdeens.
Pedigrees required as per rule 7.
Judges.— J. Miller, Markham, Ont.; James Beattie, Scotland; J, Isaac, Markham, Ont.
Bull, 3 Years Old and Upwards.
Ist prize, $30. 2nd prize, $20. 3rd prize, $10.
1st, Hon. M. H. Codirane, Hillhurst, Que., " Lord Hillhurst " 3990; calved February 2nd, 1884; bred by
the exhibitor ; s. Paris Herd 1163 ; d. Lady Ida 2nd 1920, by Gavenwood 1444, etc.
Bull, 1 Year Old.
1st prize, $25. 2nd prize, $15. 3rd prize, $8.
Ist Hon. M. H. Cochrane, 'Hillhurst, Que., " Black Hunsar ;" calved May Ist, 1888 ; bred by the exhibitor ;
8. Paris 3rd, 1163 ; d. Blackberd of Hillhurst 3976, by Young Hero 1921, etc.
Bull, Any Age.
Silver Medal.
Hon. M. H. Cochrane, Hillhurst, Que., "Lord Hillhurst (3961.)
Cow.
1st prize, $25. Second prize, $15. 3rd prize, $10.
Ist Hon. M. H. Cochrane, Hillhurst, Que., " Pride Eighth of Greystone " (imp.) 3961 ; calved March 21st,
' 1881 ; bred by .Tames Reid, Greystone, Alford, Scotland ; s. Major 3rd (617) ; d. Pride of Clova 3rd
(809), by Jim Crow 5th (811), etc.
2nd Hon. M. H. Cochrane, Hillhurst, Que., " Ruth's Favorite " (imp.) 8038 ; calved Dec. 2nd, 1884 ; bred
by W. Anderson, Scotland ; s. Wedgewood (2123) ; d. Friendship (5164), by Knight of the Shire
(846), etc.
148
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
Cow, 3 Years Old.
1st prize, $25. 2nd prize, $15. 3rd prize, $10.
Ist, Hon. M. H. Cochrane, Hillhurst, Que , " Lady Ida Forbes " 6919 : calved April 2nd, 1886 ; bred by
the exhibitor; s. Lord Hillhurst 3990 ; d. Lady Hillhurst Forbes 3911, by Paris 3rd 1163.
2nd, Hon. M. H. Cochrane, Hillhurst, C^ue., " Bonuev Maid " 6937 ; calved March 26th, 1886 ; bred by the
exhibitor ; s. Lord Hillhurst 3990 ; d. Bonny Bee 3878, by Braes O'Gight 3295, etc.
Heifer, 2 Years Old.
1st prize, $20. 2nd prize, $12. 3rd prize.
1st, Hon. M. H. Cochrane, Hillhurst, Que., " Jeanette" 6932; calved Sept. 26th, 1886; bred by the
exhibitor ; s. Paris 3rd 1163 ; d. Jean 10th 3931, by Keillor 233, etc.
2nd, Hon. M. H. Cochrane, Hillhurst, Qu.>., " Valentia " 8044; calved Feb. 17th, 1887; bred by the
exhibitor ; s. Lord Hillhurst 3990 ; d. Vine of Skene 3947, by His Lordship 1495, etc.
3rd, Hon. M. H. Cochrane, Hillhurst, Que., 'British Bud "6942; calved Oct. 8th, 1886; bred by the
exhibitor ; 3. Paris 3rd 1163 ; d. British Queen 3897, by Shah 1158, etc.
Heifer Calf, Under 1 YaAR.
1st prize, $12. 2nd prize, $8. 3rd prize, $5.
Hon. M. H. Cochrane, Hillhurst, Que., " Lady Forbes of Compton " (vol Hi.) ; calved Sept. 29th, 1888 ;
bred by the exhibitor ; s- Lord Hillhurst 3990 ; d. Young Lady Forbes 2nd 1105, by Duke of Easttown
1113, etc.
Hon. M. H. Cochrane, Hillhurst, Que.
Female, ant Age.
Diploma.
Herd.
1st prize, $12. 2nd prize, $8. 3rd prize,
1st, Hon. M. H. Cochrane, Hillhurst, Que.
2nd, do do
CLASS XV.
Jersey or Alderney Cattle,
Pedigrees required as per Rule 7. Cows must be milked clean by 7 p.m. of the day before they are to
be judged.
Judges. — A. C. Burgess, Charlton Place, Ont. ; B. E. Birdsall, Birdsall, Ont.
Bcll, 3 Years Old.
1st prize, $30. 2nd prize, $20. 3rd prize, $10.
I St ;Mrs. E. M. Jones, Brockville, Ont., " Rioter's Pride " 11694 ; dark fawn ; calved 1878 ; bred by R
Stephens, St. Lambert, P.Q. ; s. Stoke Pogis 3rd 2238 ; d. Pride of Windsor 483 (imp.), etc.
Boll, 2 Years Old.
1st prize, $30. 2nd prize, $20. 3rd prize, $10.
1st, Mrs. E. M. Jones, Brockville, Ont., " Canada's Sir George " 18290 ; dark fawn ; calved Dec, 1886 ;
bred by Mrs. Carpenter, Grimsby ; s. Canada's John Bull 8388 ; d. Allie of St. L., by Stoke Pogis
3rd 2238, etc.
Bull, 1 Year Old.]
1st prize, $25. 2nd prize, $15. Srdjprize, $8.
Ist, Mrs. E. M. Jones, Brockville, Ont., '' Signal of Balvidere " ; dark fawn; calved April, 1888; bred by
the exhibitor ; s. Sir Signal 30J8 ; d. Miss Satanella 31544, by Master Vermont.
2nd, D. McCallum, St. Thomas Ont., "Ruben Stitchen 19601.
3rd, Rock Bailey, Union, Ont., "Royal Mike of Oak Grove " 23021 : solid dark fawn ; calved July 20th,
1888; bred by J. C. Cvipse, North Manchester, Ind., U.S.; p. Marlet's Champion 6676 ; d. Lady
Michlikee 50094.
149
63 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
Bull Calf, Under 1 Year.
1st prize, $15. 2nd prize, 10. 3rd prize, $5.
1st, Geo. Hill, Delaware, Ont.
2nd, Mrs. E. M. Jones, Brockville, Ont., " Jonathan Stoke Pogis " ; fawn ; calved May 20th, 1889 ; bred
by the exhibitor ; s. Canada's Sir George 18290 ; d. Topsy of Malone 49478, by Hugo Chief of St.
Annes, etc.
Bull, Ant Age.
Silver Medal.
Mrs. E. M. Jones, Brockville, Ont.
Cow.
1st prize, $25. 2nd prize, $15. 3rd prize, $10.
1st, Mrs. E. M. Jones, Brockville, Ont., " Ltilu Delle" 37697; fawn; bred by Mrs. Delle C. Curtis^
Charlton, N.Y., U.S.
2nd, Mrs. E. M. Jones, Brockville, Ont., " Ella of St. Lambert " 23429 ; light fawn ; calved 1882 ; bred by
R. Stephens, St. Lambert, P.Q. ; s. Sheldon 5250; d. Cheerful of St. L. 8348, by Stoke Pogis 3rd
2238, etc.
3rd, Mrs. E. M. Jones, Brockville, Ont., " Mi.'^s Satanella" 31544 : fawn ; calved June 1, 1884 ; bred by
C. H. Crosby, Bridgeport, Conn., U.S.; s. Master Vermont 4394 ; d. Satanella 8927, by Commander-
in-Chief, etc.
Cow, 3 Years Old.
1st prize, $25. 2nd prize, $15. 3rd prize, $10.
1st, Mrs. E. M. Jones, Brockville, Ont., " Silver Delle " 40691 ; fawn ; calved March 29th, 1886 ; nred by
S. D. Curris, Charlton, N.Y.. U.S. ; s, Ellwood 13382 ; d. Charlton Caroline 11724, etc.
2nd, B. F. Queen, St. Thomas, Ont.
Heifer, 2 Years Old.
Ist prize, $20. 2nd prize, $12. 3rd prize, $8.
Ist, Mrs. E. M. 'Jones, Brockville, Ont., "Orange Delia "56271 ; orange fawn ; calved April 16th, 1887 ; bred
by Mrs. D. C. Curtis, Chariton, N.Y., U.S.; s. Kirley, Baritone 16C03 ; d. Orange Dell 37699, etc.
2nd, Mrs. E. M. Jones, Brockville, Ont., "Barbery of Dorval " 44816; orange fawn; calved Jan. 13,
1887 ; bred by the exhibitor ; s. Leonard of Dorval 14393 ; d. Mulberry 22031 (imp.), etc.
3rd, Mrs. E. M. Jones, Brockville, Ont., " Topsy of Malone " 494^8 ; silver fawn ; calved 1887 ; bred by
P. D. Paddock, Malone, N.Y., U.S.; s. Hugo Chief of St. Anns.
Heifer, 1 Year Old.
1st prize, $15. 2nd prize, $10. 3rd prize, $5.
1st, Mrs. E. M. Jones, Brockville, Ont., " Charming of St. Lambert " ; grey fawn ; calved Aug. 15th, 1888 j
bred by exhibitor ; s. Rioter's Pride 11694 ; d. Girl of St. Lambert 20423.
2nd, Mrs. E. M. Jones, Brockville, Ont., " Massena's Malone" 49479; fawn ; calved Feb. 1888; bred by
exhibitoa ; s. Massena's Son 12070 ; d. Bessie of Malone 36503, etc.
3rd, Mrs. E. M. Jones, Brockville, Ont., " Catharine of St. Lambert"; cream fawn; calved April 19th,
1888 ; bred by exhibitor ; s. Rioter's Pride 11694 ; d. Canada Caroline 26274, etc.
Heifer Calf, Under 1 Year.
1st prize, $12. 2nd prize, $8. 3rd prize, $5.
1st, Mrs. E. M. Jones, Brockville, Out., " Banshee of St. Lambert ' ; grey fawn ; calved Nov. 1st, 1888;
bred by exhibitor ; s. Rioter's Pride 11604 ; d. Lii-gar's Ella 24992, etc.
2nd, Rock Bailey, Union, Ont., " Ethel of Oak Grove " 58351 ; ,=olid fawn ; calved Nov. 13th, 18f8 ; bred
by Samuel Smoke, Canning, Ont. ; s. King Hugo of St. Annes 16396 ; d. Clover Smith 29523, f tc.
3rd, Rock Bailey, I^nion, Ont., " Rose of Oak Grove " 58352 : solid fawn ; calved Jan. 15th, 1889 ; bred by
Samuel Smoke, Canning, Ont.; s. King Hugo of St. Annes 16396 ; d. Daisy of Maple Lane 44546, etc.
Female, Ant Age.
Diploma.
Mrs. E. M. Jones, Brockville, Ont.
Herd.
1st prize, $20. 2nd prize, $12.
1st, Mrs. E. M. Jones, Brockville, Ont.
2nd, Mrs. E. M, Jones, Brockville, Ont.
150
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
CLASS XVI.
HOLSTKINS.
Pedigrees required as per Rule 7. Cows must be milked clean by 7 p.m of the day before they are to
be judged.
Judges.— E. Kidd, North Gower, Ont.; F. H. McCrae, Brockville, Ont.; J. Bissell, Algonquin, Ont.
Bull, 3 Years Old and Upwards.
1st prize, $30. 2nd prize, $20. 3rd prize, $10.
Ist, Wyton Stock Breeders' Association, Wyton, Ont., " Nooie Hartog 3rd " 408 ; calved March 15, 1884 ;
bred by the Anadilla Valley Stock Breeders' Association, Erneston, N.Y., U.S. : s. Mooie Hartog 55 ;
d. Jacoba Hartog 5th 219. etc.
2nd, Smith Bros., Churchville, Ont., " Duke of Edgely " (imp,) 552 ; calved Feb. 25th ; bred by J. Kister-
nisker. Hem, North Holland ; s. David 16 ; d. Lady Mol 8789, etc.
3rd, Wyton Stock Breeders' Association, Wyton, Ont., "Konig Nicholas "531 ; calved Feb. 27th, 1884;
bred by J. Rezelman, Winkel, North Holland ; s. Nicholas 184 ; d. Geerje 906, etc.
Bull, 2 Years Old.
;ist prize, $20. 2nd prize, $15. 3rd prize, $10.
let. Smith Bros., Churchville, Ont., " Nink's Mercedes Baron " 5676 ; calved May 19th, 1887 ; bred by Thos..
B. Wales, Iowa City, Iowa, U.S. ; s. Mercedes Prince 2150 ; d. Mink 402, etc.
Bull, 1 Year Old.
1st prize, $20. 2nd prize, $15. 3rd prize, $10.
lat. Smith Bros. Churchville, Ont., "Harmonia'^s Mercedes Prince " 9841 ; calved March 27th, 1888 ; bred
by Thos. B. Wales, Iowa City, Iowa, U.S. ; s. Mercedes Prince 2150 ; d. Harmonia 3994, by DeReine
61, etc.
Bull Calf, Under 1 Year.
1st prize, $15. 2nd prize, $10.
Ist, Wyton Stock Breeders' Association, Wyton, Ont., " Prince Regent of Wyton " 12606 : calved Jan..
16th, 1889 ; bred by the exhibitors ; s. Sir James of Aaggie 1452; d. Gips^y Queen 3rd 3491, etc.
2nd, Wyton Stock Breeders' Association, Wyton, Ont., " Sir Knight of Aaggie of Wyton " 12505 ; calved
Jan. 14th, 1889 ; bred by exhibitors ; s. Sir James of Aaggie 1452 ; d. Aaggie Ida 2600.
Bull
, ANY
Age.
Silver Medal.
Cow.
2nd
prize.
$15.
Smith Bros.. Churchville, Ont.
1st prize, $20. 2nd prize, $15. 3fd prize, $10.
1st, Smith Bros., Churchville, Ont., "Siepkje"120 ; calved April, 1879 ; bred by Wonter Schunnermans,
North Holland.
2nd, Smith Bros., Churchville, Ont., " Cornelia Tenson " 1817 ; calved April 12th, 1886 ; bred by C. Tenson,
Zunderdorp, North Holland ; s. Clyman 70 ; d. Cornelia, 750, etc.
3rd, Wyton Stock Breeders' Association, Wyton, Ont., " Sjoerd 4th " 308 ; calved March 16th, 1882 ; bred
by exhibitors ; s. Sir James of Aaggie 1452 ; d. Sjoerd 2nd 161.
Cow, 3 Years Old.
1st prize, $20. 2nd prize, $15. 3rd prize, $10.
Ist, Smith Bros., Churchville, Ont., " Belle of Orchardside Second " 6256 ; calved March 24th, 1886 ; bred
by W. A. Rowley, Mt. Clemens, Mich., U. S., s. Rothmere 326; d. Belle of Orchardside 235, by
Mosie 26, etc.
Heifer, 2 Years Old.
1st prize, $15. 2nd prize, $10.
1st, Wyton Stock Breeders' Association, Wyton, Ont., " Fadetta Second " 7165; calved Dec. 18th, 1886;,
bred by exhibitors ; s. Sir James of Aaggie 1452 ; d. Fadetta 2718.
2nd, Smith Bros., Churchville, Ont., " Siekje Fourth "10349; calved April 17th, 1887; bred by W. A.
Rowley, Mt. Clemens, Mich., U. S.; s. Rothmere 326 ; d. Siepkje 120, etc.
151
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 18S0
Heifer, 1 Year Old.
Ist prize, $12. 2nd prize, $8.
1st, Smith Bros., Churchville, Ont., '• Baroness Clothide " 11692 ; calved May 8th, 1888 : bred by Smiths,
Powell & Lamb, Syracuse, N. Y., U.S.; s. Clothide 4th's Imperial 1281 ; d. Netherland Baroness
2nd Princess 6466, by Netherland Prince, etc.
2nd, Wyton Stock Breeders' Association, Wyton, Ont., "Gipsy Queen Third's Daughter" 11131 ; calved
Dec. 20th, 1887 ; bred by e.xhibitors ; s. Sir James of Aaggie 1452 ; d. Gipsy Queen 3rd 3491, etc.
Heifer Calf, Under 1 Year.
1st prize, $10. 2nd prize, $5.
'1st, Smith Bros., Churchville, Ont., " Lillie Tenser "; calved Jan. 21st, 1889; bred by the exhibitors ; s.
Ykema 5th 8084 ; d. Cornelia.
:2nd, Wyton Stock Breeder' Association, Wyton, Ont., " Fadetta Third " 15791; oalved Feb. 15th, 1889;
bred by exhibitors ; s. Sir James of Aaggie 1452 ; d. Fadetta 2718.
Female, any Age.
Diploma.
Smith Bros., Churchville, Ont.
Herd.
1st prize, $20. 2nd prize, $10.
lat, Smith Bros., Churchville, Ont.
2nd, Wyton Stock Breeders' Association, Wyton, Ont.
CLAS^ XVII.
Grade Cattle.
•Judges. — Gregor Mclntyre, Renfrew, Ont.; J. K. Crawford, Thorold, Ont.; J. R. Jelly, Jellyby, Ont.;
E. Kidd, Burritt's Rapids, Ont.
Grade Cow.
1st prize, $20. 2nd prize, $15. 3rd prize, $10.
1st, John Morgan & Sons, Kerwood, Ont.
2nd, Jas. Oke, Alvinston, Ont.
3rd, Mary Ann Luckhurst, London East, Ont.
Cow, 3 Years Old.
1st prize, $20. 2nd prize, $15. 3rd prize, $10.
1st, .James Oke, Alvinston, Ont.
2nd, J. Atkinson, Yoka, Ont.
3rd, John Morgan & Sons, Kerwood, Ont.
Heifer, 2 Years Old.
1st prize, $15. 2nd prize, $10. 3rd prize, $5.
1st, J. Atkinson, Yoka, Ont.
2nd, R. Whetter, London, Ont.
-3rd, Mary Ann Luckliurst, London East, Ont.
Heifer, 1 Year Old,
1st prize, $12. 2nd prize, $8. 3rd prize, $4.
1st, James Oke, Alvinston, Ont.
2nd, John Morgan & Sons, Kerwood, Ont.
3rd, J. Atkinson, Yoka, Ont.
Heifer Calf, Under 1 Year.
1st prize, $10. 2nd prize, $6. 3rd prize, $4.
1st, J. Currie, Everton, Ont. ^
:2nd, John Morgan & Sons, Kerwood, Ont.
3rd, Jas. Oke, Alvinston, Ont.
Four Females, any Age.
Silver Medal.
Jas. Oke, Alvinston, Ont.
152
63 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
CLASS XVIII.
Special Prizes for Milch Cows.
Best Ayrshire Milch Cow, Having Calvkd Previous to the 1st of July, 1889.
1st prize, Silver Medal. 2nd prize, Bronze Medal.
Ist, W. M. & J. C. Smith, Fairfield Plains, Ont., " Ada."
2nd, W. M. & J. 0. Smith, Fairfield Plains, Ont., " Empress."
Best Jersey Milch Cow, Having Calvbd Previous to the 1st of July, 1889.
1st prize, Silver Medal. 2nd prize, Bronze Medal.
Ist, Mrs. E. M. Jones, Brockville, Ont., "Miss Satanella."
2nd, Mrs. E. M. Jones, Brockville, Ont., '" Silver Dell."
Best Devon Milch Cow, Having Calved Previous to the 1st of July, 1889.
1st prize, Silver Medal. 2nd prize, Bronze Medal.
1st, S. Harper, Cobourg, Ont.
2nd, W. J. Rudd, Eden Mills, Ont.
Sweepstakes— Best Milch Cow, any Breed.
Silver Medal.
S. Harper, Cobourg, Ont., " Rose of Cobourg," (Devon).
Special.
To the President and Directors of the Agriculture and Arts Association of Ontario :
Gentlemen, — At your next annual show to be held in London, I will give as a first prize, a silver
*ervice worth at least §65.00, to the three dairy cows which give the greateet value in milk solids for food
consumed. The three cows must be of one breed, or the grades of one breed, but not necessarily the pro-
perty of one man. They to be judged by Prof. Robertson and any assistant he may choose. The Judges'
•fees to be paid by the society. The rules governing the test to be drawn by the above-named gentleman.
We only request that the Board provide a suitable place in one of the main buildings where said prize may
be on exhibition during the time of holding the show, and that room be allowed for man in charge.
Yours truly,
WILLIAM WELD.
1. Competition for a comparison of the economy in the production of milk, by cows of different breeds,
•at exhibition during week of the Provincial.
2. Cows of any breed or age may be entered for competition. The cows of each lot entered may be
the property of one or more persons. No lot shall contain animals of different breeds. No lot shall con-
tain pure bred or grade cows. Grade or native cows forming one lot will be admitted upon equal terms
with the others, but each lot not pure bred must be the grades of one breed.
3. Each competing lot shall be composed of three cows. The competition shall be between the lots and
not between the several cows. The person in whose name the entry is made shf 11 declare the age of each
cow, the date of her last calving and the time of service, if pregnant.
4. Each entry shall be made tj Mr. H. Wade, Toronto, Secretary Agriculture and Arts Association,
on or before the 25th day of August, 1889:
5. The tests for the competition shall extend over three days. The milking of each cow shall be per-
formed twice a day, at a time to be appointed by the person in charge of the competition.
Ist, Mrs. E. M. Jones, Brockville, three Jerseys.
CLASS XIX.
Fat Cattle, any Breed.
Judges.— F. Whetter, Pottersburg, Ont.; P. R. Sangster, Lancaster, Ont.; J. McBeath, Walkerton, Ont.
Ox or Steer, 3 Years Old and Under 4.
1st prize, $15. 2nd prize, $10. 3rd prize, $5.
Ist, Weir & Weir, St. Marys, Ont.
2nd, do do
153
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
Ox OR Steer, 2 Years Old and Under 3.
Ist prize, $15. 2nd prize, $10. 3rd prize, $5.
1st, Jaa. Oke, Alvinston, Ont.
2nd, Weir & Weir, St. Marys, Ont.
Cow, 3 Years Old and Over.
1st prize, $15. 2nd prize, $10. 3rd prize, $5.
Ist, James Oke, Alvinston, Ont.
Heifer, Under 3 Years.
1st prize, $15. 2nd prize, $10. 3rd prize, $5.
Ist, R. & S. Nicholson, Sylvan, Ont.
Steer Calf, 1 Year and Under.
1st prize, $15. 2nd prize, $10. 3rd prize, $5.
Ist, H. J. Davis, Woodstock, Ont.
2nd, Jas. Oke, Alvinston, Ont.
3rd, do do
SHEEP— LONG WOOLLED.
CLASS XX.
CoTSWOLDS. 2,6 Entries.
Judges. — Arthur Johnston, Green vood ; Thos. Colley, Castlederg ; Tho=". Waters, Rockwood.
Ram, 2 Shears and Over.
let prize, $20. 2nd prize, $10. 3rd prize, $5.
Isl, J. G. Snell & Bro., Edmonton, Ont.
2nd, R. Morgan, KerwDod, Ont.
3rd, Malcolm McArthur, Lobo, Ont.
Shearling Ram.
1st prize, $20. 2nd prize, $10. 3rd prize, $5.
Xst, J. G. Snell & Bro., Edmonton, Ont.
2nd, Laidlaw & Jackson, Wilton Grove, Ont.
Ram Lamb.
1st prize, $15. 2nd prize, $10, 3rd prize.
1st, J. G. Snell & Bro., Edmonton, Ont.
2nd, do do
3rd, do do
Ewe, 2 Shears and Over.
1st prize, $12. 2nd prize, $8. 3rd prize, $4^
1st, J. G. Snell, & Bro., Edmonton, Ont.
2nd, do do
3rd, Laidlaw & Jackson, Wilton Grove, Ont.
154-
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 8).
A. 1890
1st prize, $12.
1st, J. G. Snell & Son, Edmonton, Ont.
2nd, do do
3rd, do do
Shearling Ewe.
2nd prize, S8.
3rd prize, $4.
Ist prize, ?10.
1st, J. G. Snell & Brc, Edmonton, Ont.
2nd, do do
3rd, do do
Ewe Lamb.
2nd prize, $6.
3rd prize, $4.
Pen of luroKXED Cotswolds, (1 ram any age, 2 ewes, 2 shears and over, 2 shearling ewef, and
2 ewe lambs).
Special prize, Silver Medal.
J. G. Snell & Bro., Edmonton, Ont.
Pen OF CoTfewOLDS, Canaihan Bred, (1 ram ar.y ape, 2 ewes, 2 shears and over, 2 shearling ewes, and
2 ewe lambs).
Special prize. Silver Medal.
Robert Morgan, Kerwood, Ont,
CLASS J XL
Lkicksters. 89 Entries.
Judges. — W. E. Swain, Valentia ; Geo. Weeks, Glenworth ; W. Cowan, Gait.
1st prize, $2(
1st, D. Harvey. W. McGillivray, Ont.
2nd, Wm. Whitelaw, Guelph, Ont.
3rd, H. Snell & Sons, Clinton, Ont.
1st prize,
1st, J. Kelly, jr., Shakespeare, Ont.
2nd, do do
3rd, Wm. Whitelaw, Guelph, Ont.
Ram, 2 Shears and Over.
>. 2nd prize, $10. 3rd prize,
Shearling Ram.
2nd prize, SIO.
3rd prize.
l&t prize, $1£
Ist, Nichol Bros., Plattsville, Ont.
2nd, Wm. Whitelaw, Guelph, Ont.
3rd, D. Harvey, W. McGillivray, Ont.
Ram Lamb.
2nd prize, SIO.
Srd prize, $5.
1st prize, $12.
Ist, J. Kelly, jr., Shakespeare, Ont.
2nd, do do
3rd, D. Harvey, W. McGillivray, Ont.
1st prize, $12.
1st, J. Kelly, jr., Shakespeare, Ont.
2nd, do do
Srd, Nicholl Bros., Plattsville, Ont.
EwE, 2 Shears and Over.
2nd prize, $8. Srd prize, $4.
Shearling Ewe.
2nd prize, SS.
155
3rd prize.
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 8).
A. 1890
1st prize,
Ewe Lamb.
2nd prize, ^6. 3rd prize, §4.
Ust, J. Kelly, jr., Shakespeare.
2iid, do do.
3rd, do do.
•Pkm ov Gaxadian bred Leicester.s (1 ram, any age; 2 ewes, 2 shears and over ; 2 shearling ewes ; and
2 ewe lambs.)
Special prize. Silver Medal.
■J. Kelly, jr., Shakespeare.
CLASS XXII.
LiNcoLNS.— 43 Entries.
Judges. — Wm. Cowan, Gait ; W. E. Swain, Valentia ; Gso. Weekes, Glanworth.
Ram, 2 Shears and Over.
1st prize, $20. 2nd prize, §10. 3rd prize, $5.
1st, Wm. Oliver, Avonbank.
2nd, E. Parkinson, Eramosa.
.3rd, Wm. Walker, Ilderton.
1st prize,
1st, Wm. Walker, Ilderton.
2nd, Wm. Oliver, Avonbank, Ont.
.3rd, E. Parkinson, Eramosa.
1st prize, $15.
Shearling Ram.
2nd prize, $10.
Ram Lamb.
2nd prize, $10.
3rd prize, $5.
3rd prize,
1st, Wm. Oliver, Avonbank, Ont.
2nd, Wm. Walker, Ilderton.
3rd, Wm. Oliver, Avonbank.
EwE, 2 Shears and Over,
1st prize, $12. 2nd prize, $8. 3rd prize.
1st, Wm. Oliver, Avonbank.
2nd, Wm. Walker, Ilderton.
3rd, do do
1st prize, $12.
1st, Wm. Oliver, Avonbank.
2nd, Wm. Walker, Ilderton.
3rd, E. Parkinson, Eramosa.
1st prize,
Shearling Ewe,
2nd prize, $8.
Ewe Lamb.
2nd prize, $6
3rd prize, $4.
3rd prize.
Ust, Wm. Oliver, Avonbank.
2nd, Wm. Walker, Ilderton.
3rd, Wm. Oliver, Avonbank.
Pk:» op Canadian Bred Lincolns (1 ram, any age, 2 ewes, 2 shears and over, 2 shearling ewes, and
2 ewe lambs.)
"Wm. Oliver, Avonbank.
Special prize. Silver Medal.
156
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 8).
A. 1890
SHEEP.— MEDIUM WOOLLED.
CLASS XXIII.
SouTHDOWNS. 55 Entries.
Judges. — Wm. Martin, Binbrook ; A. R. Kidd, Warsaw ; Richard Rivers, Walkertoir.-
Ram, 2 Shears and Over.
Ist prize, $20. 2nd prize, §10. 3rd prize, $5.
]st, J. Jackson & Sons, Abingdon.
2nd, do do
3rd, D. H. Dale, Glendale.
1st prize,
1st, J. Jackson & Sons, Abingdon.
2nd, A. Telfer & Sons, Paris.
3rd, T. C. Douglas, Gait.
Shearling Ram.
2nd prize, $10.
3rd prize, $5.
Ram Lamb.
Ist prize, §12. 2nd prize, $8.
1st, J. Jackfeoii & Sons, Abingdon.
2nd, A. Telfer & Sons, Paris.
3rd, J. Jackson & Sons, Abingdon.
3rd prize, $4.
Ewe, 2 Shears and Over.
1st prize, $12. 2nd prize, $8. 3rd prize,
Ist, J. Jackson & Sons, Abingdon.
2nd, Geo. Baker, Simcoe.
3rd, John Jackson & Sons, Abingdon.
' 1st prize, $12.
1st, J. -Jackson & Sons, Abingdon.
2nd, do do
3rd, do do
Shearling Ewe.
2nd prize, $8.
3rd prize.
1st prize, $12.
1st, J. Jackson & Sons, Abingdon.
2ud, do do
3rd, do do
Ewe Lamb.
2nd prize, $8. 3rd prize, $4.
Pen of Imported Southdowns (1 ram any age, 2 ewes, 2 shears and Pover, 2 shearling ewes an(J.
2 ewe lambs.)
Special Prize, Silver Medal.
J. Jackson & Sons, Abingdon.
Pen of Canadian bred Souihdowns (1 ram any age, 2 ewes, 2 shears and over, 2 shearling eweiand
2 ewe lambs.
Special Prize, Silver Medal.
J, Jackson & Sons, Abingdon.
157
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 8).
A. 1890
GLASS XXIV.
Shropshire Downs. 49 Entries.
Ram, 2 Shears and Over.
Ist prize, $20. 2nd prize. $10.
Ist, J. Campbell, jr., Woodville.
2ad, W. H. Beattie, Wilbon Grove.
Ist prize,
Ist, J. Campbell, jr., Woodville.
2ud, do do
3rd, R. Gibson, Delaware.
Ist prize $12.
Isk, J. Campbell, jr., Woodville.
2nd, do do
3rd, do do
Shearling Ram.
2nd prize, $10.
Ram Lamb.
2nd prize, $8.
3rd prize, $5.
3rd prize, $4.
Ewe, 2 Shears and Over.
Ist prize, $12.
2nd prize, $8. 3rd prize, $4
lat, J. Campbell, jr., Woodville.
2nd, do do
3rd, W. H. Beattie, Wilton Grove.
1st prize, $10.
Ist, J. Campbell, jr., Woodville.
2nd, do do
3rd. do do
1st prize, $10.
Shearling Ewe.
2nd prize, $6.
Ewe Lamb.
2nd prize, $t
3rd prize, $4.
3rd prize, $4.
Ist, J. Campbell, jr., Woodville.
2nd, do do
3rd, J. & J. Smith, Brantford.
5(PaN OF Shropshire (1 ram any age, 2 ewes, 2 shears and over, 2 shearling ewes, and 2 ewe lambs.
Special Prize, Silver Medal.
J. Campbell, jr., Woodville.
GLAS^ XXV.
Hampshire and Oxfordshire Downs. 67 Entries.
Judges. — Wm. Martin, Binbrook ; A. R. Kidd, Warsaw ; Richard Rivers, Walkerton.
Ram, 2 Shears and Over.
1st prize, $20. 2nd prize, $10.
Ist, Smith Evans, Gourock.
3nd, J. T. Harcourt & Sons, St. Anns.
1st, Smith Evans, Gourock.
2nd, Jas. Tolton, Walkerton.
Shearling Ram.
1st prize, $20. 2nd prize, $10.
158
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 8).
A. 1890
Ram Lamb.
1st prize, $15. 2nd prize, $10.
EwK, 2 Shears and Over.
1st prize, $12. 2nd prize, 1
1st, Smith Evans, Goiirock.
2nd, Peter Arkell, Teeswater.
Ist, Smith Evans, Gourock.
2nd. Jas. Tolton, Walkerton.
Shbarlinq Ewe.
1st prize, $12. 2nd prize, $8.
EwB Lamb,
1st prize, $10. 2nd prize, $6.
1st, Smith Evans, Gourock.
2nd, Peter Arkell, Teeswater.
Pen of Hampshire and Oxford Downs (1 ram any age, 2 ewes, 2 shears and over, 2 shearling ewe«
and 2 ewe lambs.
Ist, Peter Arkell, Teeswater.
2nd, do do
Special Prize, Silver Medal.
Smith Evans, Gourock.
CLASS XX r I
Merino Sheep. 45 Entries. '
Judges. — Horace Chisholm, Paris ; J, G. Snell, Edmonton.
Ram, 2 Shears and Over.
Ist, Rock Bailey,
2nd, W. M. & J.
3rd, do
1st, Rock Bailey,
2nd, do
•3rd, W. M. & J.
1st prize, $15. 2nd prize.
Union.
C. Smith, Fairfield Plains,
do
Shearling Ram.
1st prize, $15. 2nd prize, $10.
Union.
do
C. Smith, Fairfield Plains.
3rd prize, $5.
Ist, Rock Bailey
2nd, do
3rd, W. M. & J.
Ist, Rock Bailey,
2nd, do
:3rd, W. M. & J.
Ist prize, $8.
Union.
do
C. Smith, Fairfield Plains.
Ram Lamb.
2nd prize, $6.
3rd prize, $&,
Third prize, $4.
EwE, Two Shears and Over.
1st prize, $8. 2nd prize, $6. Third prize.
Everton.
do
0. Smith, FairfieH Plains.
159
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 8).
A. 1890'
1st, Rock Bailey, Union.
2nd, do do
3rd, do do
1st prize,
1st prize,
Shearling Ewe.
2nd prize, $6.
Ewe Lamb.
2nd prize, $4.
3rd prize, $4.
3rd prize,
1st, W. M. & J. C. Smith, Fairfield Plains.
2nd, do do
3rd, do do
Pen of Merinos (1 ram, any age ; 2 ewes, 2 shears and over ; 2 shearling ewes, and 2 ewe lambs)i.
Special prize. Silver Medal.
Rock Bailey, Union.
CLASS XXVIII.
Fat Sheep— 25 Entries.
Judges— F. Whetter, Pottersburg; R. R. Sangster, Lancaster; Jas. McBeath, Walkerton^
Fai Wether.
1st prize, $10. 2nd prize, $8. 3rd prize, $5.
Ist, J. Rutherford, Roseville.
2nd do do
3rd do do
1st prize, $10.
Fat Ewe.
2nd prize, $8.
3rd prize, $5.
1st, Wm. Oliver, Avonbank.
2nd, W. E. Wright, Glanworth.
3rd, J, Campbell, jr., Woodville.
CLASS X^rr/Z/A— Special.
Special prize given by John J. Pearce & Co., London, for best general purpose flock of sheep — wafcea-
pitcher valued at $25.
J. G. Snell & Bro., Edmonton.
PIGS— SMALL BREEDS.
CLASS XXIX.
Improved Berkshires. 60 entries.
Judges— John Vance, Bethany ; Thos. Teasdale, Concord; Malcolm Mc Arthur, Lobcv
Boar, Over 2 Years.
1st prize, $15, 2nd prize,. $10. 3rd prize, $5,
1st, J. G. Snell & Bro., Edmonton.
2nd, do do
3rd, Geo. Green, Fairview.
1st prize,
Ist, Geo. Green, Fairview.
^nd, J. G. Snell & Bro., Edmonton.
3rd, do do
Yearling Boar.
2nd prize, $10.
160
3rd prize, $5.
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1S90
Boar, Over 6 and Under 12 Months.
1st prize, $15. 2nd prize, $10. 3rd prize, $5.
1st, J. G. Snell & Bro., Edmonton.
2nd, Geo. Green, Fairview.
3rd, C M. Simmons, Ivan.
Boar, Under 6 Months.
1st prize, $12. 2nd prize, $8. 3rd prize, $4.
Ist, J. G. Snell & Bro., Edmonton.
2nd, Geo. Green, Fairview.
3rd, J. G. Snell & Bro., Edmonton.
Boar, Any Age.
Diploma.
J. G. Snell & Bro., Edmonton.
Sow, 2 Years and Over.
1st prize, $15. 2nd prize, $10. 3rd prize, $5.
1st, J. G. Snell & Bro., Edmonton.
2nd, do do
3rd, Geo. Green, Fairview.
Sow, Over 1 and Under 2 Years.
1st prize, $15. 2nd prize, $10. 3rd prize, $5.
1st, J. 6. Snell & Bro., Edmonton.
2nd, do do
3rd, Geo. Green, Fairview.
Sow, 6 AND Under 12 Months.
1st prize, $15. 2nd prize, $10. 3rd prize, $5.
1st, J. G. Snell & Bro., Edmonton.
2nd, do do
3rd, Geo. Green, Fairview.
Sow Under 6 Months.
1st prize, $12. 2nd prize, $8. 3rd prize, $4.
1st, J. G. Snell & Bro., Edmonton.
"2nd, Geo. Green, Fairview.
3rd, do do
J. G, Snell & Bro., Edmonton.
Sow, Any Age.
Diploma.
Berkshire Boar and 3 Sows, Any Age (Imported).
Silver Medal.
J. G. Snell & Bro., Edmonton,
Berkshire Boar and 3 Sows, Any Age, Canadian Bred.
Silver Medal.
J. G. Snell & Bro.. Edmonton.
GLASS XXX.
SuFFOLKS. 72 Entries.
Judges— Jas. Haggerty, West Huntingdon ; Thos. Wilkinson, Hamilton ; David Benning, Williama-
town.
Boar, Over 2 Years.
Ist prize, $15. 2nd prize, $10. 3rd prize, $5.
1st, R. Dorsey & Sons, Summerville.
2nd, .J. Featherston, Springfield-on-the-Credit.
3rd, do do
11 (A. A.) 161
63 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1810
Boar, Over 1 and Under 2 Years.
1st prize, $20. 2nd prize, $10. 3rd prize, $5.
li-,t, E. D. George, Putnam.
2nd, J. Featherston, Springfield-on-the-Credit.
3rd, W. H. Reid, Tockton.
Boar, Over 6 Months and Under 12.
1st prize, $15. 2nd prize, $10. 3rd prize, $5.
1st, R. Dorsey & Son, Summerville.
2nd, J. Featherston, Springfield-on-the-Credit.
3rd, H. George & Sons, Orampton.
Boar Under 6 Months.
1st prize, $10. 2nd prize, $8. 3rd prize, $4.
1st, R. Dorsey & Son, Summerville.
2nd, do do
3rd, do do
Boar, Any Age.
Diploma.
R. Dorsey & Son, Summerville.
Sow, Over 2 Years.
1st prize, $15. 2nd prize, $10. 3rd prize, $5.
1st, J. Featherston, Springfield-on-the-Credit.
2nd, R. Dorsey & Sons, Summerville.
3rd, J. Featherston, Springfield-on-the-Credit.
Sow Over 1 and Under 2 Years.
1st prize, $15, 2nd prize, $10. 3rd prize, $5.
1st, R. Dorsey & Son, Summerville,
2nd, H. George & Sons, Crampton.
3rd, E. D. George, Putnam.
Sow, Over 6 and Under 12 Months.
1st prize, $15. 2nd prize, $10. 3rd prize, $5.
1st, J. Featherston, Springfield-on-the-Credit.
2Qd, W. H. Reid, Tockton.
3rd, J. Featherston, Springfield-on-the-Credit.
Sow, Under 6 Months.
1st prize, $10. 2nd prize, $8. 3rd prize, $4.
1st, W. H. Reid, Tockton.
2nd, R. Dorsey & Sons, Summerville.
3rd, do do
Sow, Any Age.
Diploma.
R. Dorsey & Son, Summerville.
Suffolk Boar and Three Sows, Any Age (Imported).
Special prize, Silver Medal.
R. Dorsey & Son, Summerville.
Suffolk Boar and Three Sows, Any Age, Canadian Bred.
Special prize. Silver Medal.
.T. Featherston, Springfield-on-the-Credit.
162
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
CLASS XXXI.
Poland China. 28 Entries.
Judges. — Jas. Haggarty, West Huntingdon, Thos. Wilkinson, Hamilton, David Benning, Williamstown.
BoAK, Over 2 Years.
1st prize, $12. 2nd prize, $10.
1st, W. M. & J. C. Smith, Fairfield Plains.
2nd, do do
Boar, Over 1 and Under 2 Years.
1st prize, $12. 2nd prize, $10.
1st, R. Dorsey & Sons, Summerville.
2nd, W. M. & J. C. Smith, Fairfield Plains.
Boar, Over 6 and Under 12 Months.
1st prize, $12. 2nd prize, $10.
1st, W. M. & J. C. Smith, Fairfield Plains.
2ad, J. A. Gould, Woodstock
Boar, Under 6 Months.
1st prize, $10. 2nd prize, $8.
1st, W. M. & J. C. Smith, Fairfield Plains.
2nd do do
BoAE, Any Age.
Diploma.
R. Dorsey & Son, Summerville.
Sow, 2 Years and Over.
1st prize, $12. 2nd prize, $10.
Ist, W. M. & J. C. Smith, Fairfield Plains.
2nd, R. Dorsey & Sons, Summerville.
Sow, OVER 1, and under 2 Years.
Ist prize, $12. 2nd prize, $10.
1st, R. Dorsey & Son, Summerville.
2nd, W. M. & J. C. Smith, Fairfield Plains.
Sow, OVER 6 and under 12 Months.
Ist prize, $12. 2nd prize, $10.
Ist, W. M. & J. C. Smith, Fairfield Plains.
2ad do do
Sow, UNDER 6 Months. '^
Ist prize, $10. 2nd prize, $8.
1st, R. DeCourcey, Bornholm.
2nd, W. M. & J. C. Smith, Fairfield Plains.
Sow, any Age.
Diploma.
W. M. & J. C. Smith, Fairfield Plains.
1 Boar and 3 Sows,>nt Age.
Special prize. Silver Medal.
W. M. & J. C. Smith, Fairfield Plains.
163
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
CLASS XXXII.
Essex. — 22 Entries.
Judges— Jas. McEwing, Queen Hill ; Thos. Puzey, Simcoe; John Steel, jr., Almonte.
Boar, 2 Years and over.
1st prize, $12. 2nd prize, $10.
1st, J. Featherston, Springfield-on-the-Credit.
2nd do do
Boar, over 1 and under 2 Years.
1st prize, $12. 2nd prize, $10.
Ist, J. Featherston, Springfield-on-the-Credit.
2nd do do
Boar, over 6 and under 12 months.
Ist prize, $12. 2nd prize, $10.
Ist, J. Featherston, Springfield-on-the-Credit.
2nd do do
Boar, under 6.Months.
Ist prize, $10. 2nd prize, $8.
Ist, James Main, Boyne.
2nd, J. Featherston, Springfield-on-the-Credit.
Boar, any Age.
Diploma.
J. Featherston, Springfield-on-the-Credit.
Sow, over^2 Years.
1st prize, $12. 2nd prize, $10.
1st, J. Featherston, Springfield-on-the-Credit.
2nd do do
Sow, over 1 Year and under 2 Years.
1st prize, $12. 2nd prize, $10.
1st, Jas. Main, Boyne.
2nd, J. Featherston, Springfield-on-the-Credit.
Sow, OVER 6 and under 12 Months.
1st prize, $12. 2nd prize, $10.
1st, J. Featherston, Springfield-on-the-Credit.
2nd do do
Sow, under 6 Months.
1st prize, $10. 2nd prize, $8.
1st, J. Featherston, Springfield-on-the-Credit.
2nd, Jas. Main, Boyne.
Sow, ant Age.
Diploma.
J. Featherston, SpringSeld-on-the-Credit.
1 Boar and 3 Sows, any Age.
Special prize— Silver Medal.
jr. Featherston, Springfield-on-the-Credit.
164
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A 1890
PIGS -LARGE BREEDS.
GLASS ^XXIII.
YoRSHiRK, Chester Whiths, Ohio IMPORTED Chesters, White Lancashire and other Large Breeds,,
69 Entries,
Judges — James McEwing, Queen Hill ; Thos. Puzey, Simcoe ; John Steel, jr., Almonte.
Boar, 2 Years and over.
Ist prize, $12, 2nd prize, $10. 3rd prize, $5.
1st, Ormsby & Chapman, Springfield-on-the-Credit.
2n(i, E, D, George, Putnam.
3rd, J. Featherston, Springfield-on-the-Credit.
Boar, over 1 and under 2 Years.
1st prize, $12. 2nd prize, $10. 3rd prize, $5.
let, H. George & Sons, Crampton.
2nd, E. D. George, Putnam.
3rd, J. Featherston, Springfield-on-the-Credit,
Boar, over 6 and under 12 Months .
1st prize, $12. 2nd prize, $10. 3rd prise, $5.
1st, J. Featherston, Springfield-on-the-Credit.
2nd do do
3rd, Ed. Kendrew, Pond Mills.
Boar, under 6 Months.
1st prize, $10. 2nd prize, $6. 3rd prize, $4.
1st, H. George & Sons, Crampton.
2nd, J. Featherston, Springfield-on-the-Credit.
3rd, D. DeCourcey, Bornholm.
Boar, ant Age,
Diploma.
Ormsby & Chapman, Springfield-on-the-Credit.
Sow, 2 Years and over.
1st prize, $12. 2nd prize, $10. 3rd prize. $5,
1st, J. Featherston, Springfield-on-the-Credit.
2nd, R. Dorsey & Son, Summerville.
3rd do do
Sow, OVER 1 AND UNDER 2 YeARS.
1st prize, $12. 2nd prize, $10. 3rd prize' $5.
Ist, J, Featherston, Springfield-on-the-Credit.
2nd( D. DeCourcey, Bornholm.
3rd, H. "George & Sons, Crampton.
Sow, OVER 6 AND UNDER 12 MONTHS.
1st prize, $12. 2nd prize, $10. 3rd prize, $
Ist, E. D. George, Putnam.
2nd, J. Featherston, Springfield-on-the-Credi?.
3rd. D. DeCourcey, Bornholm.
165
63 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
Sow, UNDER 6 Months.
1st prize, $10. 2nd prize, $6. 3rd prize,
1st, J. Featherston, Springfield-on-the-Credit.
2nd, D. DeOourcey, Bornnolm.
3rd, R. Dorsey & Sons, Summerville.
Sow, ANT Age.
Diploma.
J. Featherston, Springfield-on-the-Credit.
1 Boar and 3 Sows, any Age.
Special prize —Silver Medal.
J. Featherston, Springfield-on-the-Credit.
POULTEY, ETC.
GLASS XXXIV.
Poultry, etc. 221 Entries.
Judges. — Wm. Luscombe, Sarnia ; G. J. Miller, Virgil ; R. Hamill, St. Catharines.
Best paid Dorkings, white, Allan Bogue, London $3 00
2nd, do Allan Bogue, London 2 00
Best pair Dorkiligs, silver grey, Allan Bogue, London 3 00
2nd, do Allan Bogue, London 2 00
3rd, do Jas. Main, Boyne 1 00
Best pair Dorkings, colored, Allan Boyne, London 3 00
2nd, do Jas. Main, Boyne 2 00
3rd, do Wm. McLoud, Lucan 1 00
Best pair Polands, white, Allan Bogue, London , , 3 00
2nd, do Allan Bogue, London 2 00
3rd, do Wm. McLoud, Lucan 1 00
Best pair Polands, golden, unbearded, Allan Bogue, London 3 00
2nd, do Allan Bogue, London 2 00
Best pair Polands, bearded, Allan Bogue, London , 3 00
2nd, do Allan Bog-ue, London 2 00
Best pair Polands, silver, unbearded, W. M. & J. C. Smith, Fairfield Plains 3 00
Best pair Polands, silver, bearded, Allan Bogue, London 3 00
2nd, do Allan Bogue, London 2 00
Best pair Polands, white crested, black, Allan Bogue, London 3 00
2nd, do Allan Bogue, London 2 00
Best pair Plymouth Rock, Wm. Crown, St. Catharines .' 3 00
2nd, do Wm. Moore, London 2 00
3rd, do Wm. Moore, London 1 00
Best pair White Plymouth Rock, R. Scott, London ... 3 00
2nd, do Wm. Moore, London 2 00
3rd, do Wm. McLoud, London 1 00
Best pair Brahmas, light, J. G. Pritchett, London 3 00
2nd, do .J. H, Saunders, London 2 GO
Best pair Brahmas, dark, J. G. Pritchett, London 3 00
2nd, do J. G. Pritchett, London 2 00
Best pair Cochins, buff, Allan Bogue, London , 3 00
2nd, do H. Hitt, Berlin '. 2 00
3rd, do Allan Bogue, London 1 00
Best pair Cochins, white, Allan Bogue, London 3 00
2nd, do Allan Bogue, London 2 00
3rd, do H. Hitt, Berlin 100
Best pair Cochins, black, Allan Bogue, London 3 00
2nd, do Allan Bogue, London 2 00
Srd do H. Hitt, Berlin 1 00
166
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
Best pair Cochins, partridge, Allan Bogue, London $3 00
2nd, do Allan Bogue, London 2 00
3rd, do A. Flawn, London 1 00
Best pair Houdans, Allan Bogue, London 3 00
2nd, do Allan Bogue, London 2 00
Best pair Langshans, Geo. Bartlett, London 3 00
2nd, do W. Boug, London 2 00
3rd, do W. H. Crown, St. Catharines 100
Best pair Laced Wyandottes, Wm. ^loore, London 3 00
2nd, do Wm. Moore, London 2 00
"Srd, do Geo. Bedgood, London 1 00
Best pair Wyandottes, white. Geo. McCormick, London 3 00
2nd, do Geo. McCormick, London 2 00
3rd, do Wm. Moore, London 100
Best pair Wyandottes, black, Geo. McCormick, London . . : 3 00
Best pair LaFleche, A. B. Lamb, Benmiller 3 00
2nd, do A. B. Lamb, Benmiller 2 00
3rd, do A. B. Lamb, Benmiller 100
Best pair Dominiques, rose combs, A. B. Lamb, Benmiller 3 00
2nd, do A. B. Lamb, Benmiller 2 00
3rd, do A, B. Lamb, Benmiller 100
Best pair Game Fowls, black-breasted or other reds, W. H. Crown, St. Catharines 3 00
2nd, do Wm. McLoud, Lucan 2 00
Best pair of Game Fowls, duckwing, Wm. McLoud, Lucan 3 00
2nd, do Geo. Stinson, London 2 00
3rd, do J. B. Swaffield, Union 100
Best pair Game Fowls, Pile, D. Palmer, Putnam 3 00
2nd, do J. B. Swaffield, Union 2 00
3rd, do J. H. Ellman, Union 1 00
Best pair Game Fowls, any other variety, W. H. Crown, St. Catharines. 3 00
2nd, do R. Tiernan, London 2 00
3rd, do R. Tiernan, London 1 00
Best pair Leghorns, white, Wm. Moore, London 3 00
2nd, do Wm. Moore, London 2 00
3rd, do A. W. Graham, St. Thomas 100
Berit pair Leghorns, brown, Geo. Bedgood, London 3 00
2nd, do W. H. F. Bartlett, London 2 00
3rd, do Wm. Moore, London 1 00
Best pair Spanish Fowls, black, W. Bovig, London 3 00
2nd, do W. Boug, London 2 00
Best pair Spanish Fowls, Minorcas, white, R. Scott, London 3 00
2nd, do Thos. Duff, London 2 00
Srd, do R. Scott, London 100
Best pair Hamburgs, golden-pencilled, A, Bogue, London 3 00
2nd, do A. Bogue, London 2 00
3rd, do R.Oke,London 100
Best pair Hamburgs, silver-penoilled, Allan Bogue, London 3 00
2nd, do Allan Bogue, London 2 00
Best pair Hamburgs, golden-spangled, Allan Bogue, London 3 CO
2nd, do Allan Bogue, London 2 00
3rd, do R. Oke, London 1 00
Best pair Hamburgs, silver-spangled, Allan Bogue, London 3 00
2nd, do Allan Bogue, London 2 00
3rd, do R. Oke, London 100
Best pair Hamburgs, black, Wm. McLoud, Lucan 3 00
2nd, do R. Oke, London 2 00
3rd, do John Toyer, London 1 00
Best pair Crevecours, R. Oke, London 3 00
2nd, do R. Oke, London 2 00
3rd, do W..M. & J. C. Sm.ith, Fairfield Plains 100
Best pair Bantams, Sebright, golden, R. Oke, London 3 00
2nd, do Wm. McLoud, Lucan 2 00
3rd, do R. Oke, London 1 00
Best pair Bantams, Sebright, silver, R. Oke, London 3 00
2nd, do R. Oke, London 2 00
3rd, do R. Oke, London 1 00
Best pair Bantams, black-breasted or other reds, Bonnick & Co., Toronto 3 00
2nd, do W. H. Crown, St. Catharines 2 00
3rd, do R. Oke, London 100
Best pair Bantams^ pile, Bonnick & Co. , Toronto 3 00
2nd, do W. M. & J. C. Smith, Fairfield Plains 2 00
3rd, do R. Oke, London 1 00
Best pair Bantams, duck-wing, game, Bonnick & Co., Toronto 3 00
2nd, do Bonnick & Co., Toronto 2 00
3rd, do W. M. & J. C. Smith, Fairfield Plains 1 00
Best pair Bantams, Japanese, R. Oke, London 3 00
2nd, do R. Oke, London 2 00
3rd, do R. Oke, London 100
167
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8;. A. 1890
Best pair Bantams, black, African, R. Oke, London $3 00'
2nd, do R. Oke, London 2 00
3rd, do R. Oke, London 1 00
Best pair Pekin Bantams, R. Oke, London 3 00'
2nd, do R. Oke, London 2 00
3rd, do J. Hurson, London 1 00'
Best pair Turkeys, any color, W. M. &. J. C. Smith, Fairfield Plains 3 00
2nd, do T. Lewis, London 2 00
3rd, do T. Lewis, London 1 00
Best pair Turkeys, white, W. M. & J. C. Smith, Fairfield Plains 3 00
2nd, do W. H. Beattie, Wilton Grove 2 00
3rd, do W. J. Rudd, Eden Mills 100
Best pair Turkeys, bronze, Jas. Main, Boyne 3 00
2nd, do .Tas. Main, Boyne 2 00
Best pair Geese, Bremen, Jas. Main, Boyne 3 00
2nd, do Jas. Main, Boyne 2 00
3rd, do W. M. & J. C. Smith, Fairfield Plains 100
Best pair Geese, Toulouse, Allan Bogue, London 3 00
2nd, do A. B. Lamb, Benmiller 2 00
3rd, do A. B. Lamb, Benmiller 100
Best pair English Geese, grey and common, W. H. K. Talbot, The Gore 3 00
2nd, do Wm. McLoud, Lucan 2 00
3rd, do W. M. & J. C. Smith, Fairfield Plains 100
Best pair English Geese, wild, W. M. & J. C. Smith, Fairfield Plains 3 00
2nd, do W. M. & J. C. Smith, Fairfield Plains 2 00
3rd, do A. B. Lamb, Benmiller 100
Best pair Geese, any other kind, R. Oke, London 3 00
2nd, do W. M. & J. C. Smith. Fairfield Plains 2 00
3rd, _ do W. M. & J. C. Smith, Fairfield Plains 100
Best pair Ducks, Aylesbury, Allan Bogue, London 3 00
2nd, do Allan Bogue, London 2 00
Best pair Ducks, Rouen, Jas. Main, London 3 00
2nd, do Jas. Main, London . . . 2 00
Best pair Ducks, Pekin, Allan Bogue, London 3 00
2nd, do Allan Bogue, London 2 00
3rd, do W. M. & J. C. Smith, Faitfield Plains 100
Best pair Ducks, Cayuga, W. M. & J. C. Smith, Fairfield Plains 3 00
2nd, do A. G. H. Luxton, Hamilton 2 00
3rd, _ do W. M. & J. C. Smith, Fairfield Plains 100
Best pair Ducks, any other kind, Wm. & J. C. Smith, Fairfield Plains 3 00
Best pair Guinea Fowls, D. Beattie, Wilton Grove 3 00
2nd. do Wm. & J. C. Smith, Fairfield Plains 2 00
3rd, do Wm. Moore, London 1 00
Best pair Pea Fowls, A. G. H. Luxton, Hamilton 3 00
Best pair any other variety of fowls not included in these sections, .J. S. Niven, London 3 00
2nd, do do W. H. Dunstan, Bowmanville 2 00
3rd, do do W. H. Dunstan, Bowmanville 100
Best black Minorcas, Geo . McCormick, London 3 00
2nd, do Geo. McCormick, London 2 00
3rd, do Geo. McCormick, London 1 00
Special Prize.
Collection of Poultry, Allan Bogue, London Silver Medal
CLASS XXXV.
Chicks, Ducks, etc., of 1889. 280 Entries.
Judges. — L. G. Jarvis, Port Stanley ; A. W. Smith, Simcoe.
Pigeons. — Allan Bogue, London ; L. G. Jarvis, Port Stanley.
Best pair Dorkings, white, Allan Bogue, London $3 00
2nd, do Allan Bogue, London 2 00
Best pair Dorkings, silver grey, Allan Bogue, London 3 00
2nd, do .Jas. Main, Boyne 2 00
3rd, do Allan Bogue, London 1 00
Best pair Dorkings, colored, Wm. M. McLeod, Lucan 3 00
2nd, do W. H. Beattie, Wilton Grove 2 00
3rd, do Jas. Main, Boyne 1 00'
168
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
Best pair Polands, white, Allan Bogue, London $3 00
Best pair Polands, golden, unbearded, Allan Bogue, London 3 00
Best pair Polands, golden, bearded, Allan Bogue, London 3 00
2nd, do Allan Bogue, London 2 00
Best pair Polands, silver, unbearded, W. M. & J. C Smith, Fairfield Plains 3 00
Best pair Polands, silver, bearded, Allan Bogue, London 3 00
2nd, do Allan Bogue, London 2 00
Best pair Polands, white-crested, black, Allan Bogue, London 3 00
2nd, do do Allan Bogue, London 2 00
Best pair Plymouth Rock, Wm. McLoud, Lucan 3 00
2nd, do Wm. Moore, London , 2 00
3rd, do Wm. Moore, London 1 00
Best pair Plymouth Rock, white, R. Scott, London 3 00
2nd, do Wm. Moore, London 2 00
3rd, do R. Scott, London 1 00
Best pair Brahmos, white, J. H. Saunders, London 3 00
2nd, do J. Ackland, Delaware 2 00
3rd, do J. H. Saunders, London 1 00
Best pair Brahmas, dark, J. G. Pritchett, London 3 00
2nd, do J. G. Pritchett, London 2 00
3rd, do John C. Battram, Bryden 100
Best pair Cochins, buff, Allan Bogue, London 3 00
2nd, do Allan Bogue, London 2 00
3rd, do A. J. George, London 1 00
Best pair Cochins, light, Allan Bogue, London 3 00
2nd, do Allan Bogue, London 2 00
3rd, do Henry Hitt, Berlin 100
Best pair Cochins, black, Allan Bogue, London 3 00
2nd, do Allan Bogue, London 2 00
Best pair Cochins, partridge, Henry Hitt, London, 3 00
2nd, do Allan Bogue, London 2 00
3rd, do A. Flawn, London 1 00
Best pair Houdans, R. Oke, London 3 00
2nd, do Allan Bogue, London •. 2 00
Best pair Langshans, John'Toyer, London 3 00
2nd, do Wm. McLoud, Lucan 2 00
3rd, do Geo. Bartlett, London 1 00
Best pair Game Fowls, black -breasted or other reds, Jas. Main, Boyne 3 00
2nd, do do Thos. Brennan, London 2 00
3rd, do do Wm. McLoud, Lucan 1 00
Best pair Game Fowls, duck- wing, Wm. McLoud, Lucan 3 00
2nd, do Wm. McLoud, Lucan 2 00
Best pair Game Fowls, pile, J. B. Swatfield, Union 3 00
2nd, do J. H. Ellman, Union 2 00
3rd, do Wm. McLoud, Lucan 1 00
Best pair Game Fowls, any other variety. W. H. Crown, St. Catharines 3 00
2nd, do do Wm. McLoud, Lucan 2 00
3rd, do do J. Tierman, London 1 00
Best pair Laced Wyandottes, Wm. Moore, London 3 00
2nd, do Wm. Boug, London . . 2 Oq
3rd, do Geo. Bedgood, London 1 00
Best pair Wyandottes, white, Geo. McCormick, London 3 00
2nd, do Wm. Moore, London 2 00
3rd, do Geo. McCormick, London 1 00
Best pair Wyandottes, black, Geo. McCormick, London 3 00
2nd, do Geo. McCormick, London 2 00
3rd, do A. W. Graham, St. Thomas 1 00
Best pair Leghorns, white, Wm. Moore, London 3 00
2nd, do Wm. Moore, London 2 00
3rd, do A. W. Graham, London 1 00
Best pair Leghorns, brown, Wm. Moore, London 3 00
2nd, ' do F. W. Nelles, London 2 00
3rd. do W. H. F. Bartlett, London I 00
Best pair Black Spanish Fowls, W. Boug, London 3 00
2nd, do W. Boug, London 2 00
Best pair Spanish Fowls, Minorcas, white, R. Scott, London 3 00
2nd, do do R. Scott, London 2 00
3rd, do do R. A. Smith, London 1 00
Best pair Hamburgs, golden-pencilled, R. Oke, London 3 00
2nd, do do John Toyer, London 2 00
3rd, do do Allan Bogue, London 1 00
Beet pair Hamburgs, silver-pencilled, Allan Bogue, London 3 00
2nd, do do All.an Bogue, London 2 00
Best pair Hamburgs, golden-spangled, Allan Bogue, London 3 00
2nd, do do Allan Bogue, London 2 00
3rd, do do Jas. Palmer, Putnam 1 00
Best pair Hamburgs, silver-spangled, R. Oke, London 3 00
2nd, do do Allan Bogue, London 2 00
169
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
Beat pair Hamburgs, black, R. Oke, London $3 00
2nd, do Wm McLoud, London 2 00
3rd, do John Toyer, London 1 00
Best pair Crevecours, R. Oke, London 3 00
2nd, do R. Oke, London 2 00
3rd, do Wm. & J. C. Smith, Fairfield Plains 1 00
Beet pair Bantams, Sebright, golden, R. Oke, London 3 00
2nd, do do Wm. McLoud, Lncan 2 00
3rd, do do R. Oke, London 100
Best pair Bantams, Sebright, silver, R. Oke. London 3 00
2nd, do do R. Oke, London 2 00
^rd, do do R. Oke, London 1 00
Best pair Bantams, black-breasted or other reds, R. Oke, London 3 00
2nd, do do Bonnick & Co., Toronto 2 00
3rd, do do W. H. Crown, St. Catharines 1 00
Best pair Bantams, Pile, Bonnick & Co., Toronto 3 00
2nd, do Bonnick & Co., Toronto 2 00
3rd, do J. Huson, London 1 00
Best pair Bantams, duck-wing, game, Bonnick & Co., Toronto 3 00
2nd, do do W. M. & J. C. Smith, Fairfield Plains 2 00
3rd, do do A. Gibb, London 1 00
Best pair Bantams, Japanese, R. Oke, London 3 00
2nd, do do R. Oke, London 2 00
3rd, do do R. Oke, London 100
Best pair Bantams, black, African, R. Oke, London 3 00
2nd, do do R. Oke, London 2 00
3rd, do do R. Oke, London 1 00
Best pair Pekin Bantams, R. Oke, London 3 00
2nd, do do Geo. Bedgood, London 2 00
3rd, do do R. B. Cody, London 1 00
Best pair Turkeys, any color, Jas. Palmer, Putnam 3 00
2nd, do do W. M. & J. C. Smith, Fairfield Plains 2 00
Best pair Turkeys, white, A. B. Lamb, Benmiller 3 00
2nd, do ■ do A. B. Lamb, Benmiller 2 00
3rd, do do A. B. Lamb, Benmiller 1 00
Best pair Turkeys, wild, Jas. Palmer, Putnam 3 00
Best pair Turkeys, bronze, Jas. Main, Boyne 3 00
2nd, do do Jas. Main, Boyne 2 00
Best pair Geese, Bremen, Jas. Main, Boyne 3 00
2nd, do do Jas. Main, Boyne . . 2 00
Best pair Geese, English, grey and common, Wm. McLoud, Lucan 3 00
2nd, do do W. H. K. Talbot, The Gore 2 00
Best pair Geese, wild, Wm. & J. C. Smith, Fairfield Plains 3 00
Best pair Geese, any other kind, R. Oke, London 3 00
Best pair Ducks, Aylesbury, Allan Bogue, London 3 00
2nd, do do Allan Bogue, London 2 00
3rd, do do Jas. Main, Boyne .... , 1 00
Best pair Ducks, Cayuga, A. G. H. Luxton, Hamilton 3 00
2nd, do do A. G. H. Luxton, Hamilton 2 00
3rd, do do W. M. & J. C. Smith, Fairfield Plains 1 00
Best pair Ducks, Rouen, Jas. Main, Boyne 3 00
2nd, do Jas. Main, Boyne 2 00
Best pair Ducks, Pekin, Allan Bogue, London 3 00
2nd, do Wm. McLoud, Lucan 2 00
3rd, do Allan Bogue, London 1 00
Best pair Gxiinea Fowls, A. G. H. Luxton, Hamilton 3 00
2nd, do A. G. H. Luxton, Hamilton 2 00
Best pair any other variety not included in these sections, Allan Bogue, London 3 00
2nd, do do W. H. Dunstan, Bowmanville 2 00
3rd, do do Allan Bogue, London 1 00
Special Prize.
Collection of young poultry, Allan Bogue, London . . . , Silver Meda
Pigeons.
Best pair Carrier Pioreons, Wm. Fox, Toronto $2 00
2nd, do Wm. Fox, Toronto 1 50
3rd,' do Wm. Fox, Toronto 100
Best pair Pouter Pigeons, Wm. Fox, Toronto 2 00
2nd, do Wm. Fox, Toronto 1 50
3rd, do Wm. Bogue, London 1 00
Best pair Tumbler Pigeons, Wm. Boug, London 2 00
2nd, do Wm. Fox, Toronto 1 50
3rd, do Wm. Fox, Toronto 1 00
170
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 8).
A. 1890
Best pair Jacobin Pigeons, Wm. Fox, Toronto $2 00
2nd, do Wm. Fox. Toronto 1 50
3rd, do Wm. Hislop, London 1 00
Best pair Fantail Pigeons, Wm. Fox, Toronto 2 00
2nd, do Wm. Fox, Toronto 1 50
3rd, do Wm. Fox, Toronto 100
Best pair Barb Pigeons, Wm. Fox, Toronto 2 00
2nd, do Wm. Fox, Toronto 1 50
3rd, do Wm, Fox, Toronto 1 00
Best pair Trumpeter Pigeons, Wm. Fox, Toronto 2 00
2nd, do Wm. Fox, Toronto 150
3rd, do Wm. Fox, Toronto 100
Special Prize.
Collection of Pigeons, any other kind, Wm. Fox, Toronto Silver Medal
Rabbits.
Best pair long-eared Rabbits, Wm. Fox, Toronto $2 00
2nd, do Wm. Fox, Toronto 150
3rd, do Wm. Fox, Toronto 1 00
Best pair common Rabbits, Wm. Fox, Toronto 2 00
2nd, do Wm. Fox, Toronto 1 50
3rd, do Wm. Fox, Toronto 1 00
AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS.
CLASS XXXVI.
Agricultural Implements for Exhibition only.
Grain drill
Broad-cast grain and seed sower.
f Coultpard, Scott & Co., Oshawa.
I Noxon Bros. Manufacturing Co., IngersoU,
J The Patterson & Bro. Co., Woodstock,
', J. O. Wisner, Son & Co., Brantford.
I The Masson Manufacturing Co., Oshawa.
LThe Massey Manufacturing Co., Toronto.
Seed drill for sowing two or more drills cf f B. Bell & Son, St. George.
turnips, mangels or other seeds ( The Gowdry Manufacturing Co., Guelph.
/"Coultpard, Scott & Co., Oshawa.
} The Patterson & Bro. Co., Woodstock.]
• I J. O. Wisner, Son & Co., Brantford.
vThe Masson Manufacturing Co., Woodstock.
(A. Harris, Son & Co., Brantford.
J. F. Millar & Son, Morrisburg.
Noxon Bros. & Co., IngersoU.
The Patterson & Bro. Co., Woodstock.
The Mowat Manufacturing Co., Whitby.
Watson Manufacturing Co., Ayr.
R. McPherson, London.
^ John Elliott & Son, London.
The Massey Manufacturing Co., Toronto.
D. Maxwell & Sons, St. Marys.
The Gowdry Manvifacturing Co., Guelph.
J. H. Grant & Co. Grimsby.
Pfttteson & Jolly, London.
A. Wren & Co., Forest.
L J. Fleury & Sons, Aurora.
{A. Harris, Son & Co., Brantford.
Watson Manufacturing Co., Ayr.
John Elliott & Son, London.
D. Maxwell & Sons, St. Mary's.
171
Mowing machine
Reaping machine
63 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 8).
A. 1890
Self-binding reaper
Horse-power thresher and separator
Vibrator thresher and separator
Field or two-horse cultivator, iron.
Two-horse cultivator, wood .
Two-furrow plow
(A. Harris, Soia & Co., Bra.ntford.
Noxnn Bros. Manufacturing Co., Ingeraoll.
The Patterson & Bros. Co., Woodstock.
Watson Manufacturing Co., Ayr.
J R. MePherson, London.
' John Elliott & Son, London.
The Massey Manufacturing Co. , Toronto.
D. Maxwell & Sons, Toronto
A. Wren & Co., Forest.
LJ. Fleury & Sons, Aurora.
C Haggert Bros. Manufacturing Co. , Brampton.
. < Stevens & Burns, London.
(MePherson & Co., Fingal.
( Sawyer & Massey Co. , Hamilton.
I Farran, MePherson & Hovey, Clinton.
. -{ The Waterloo Manufacturing Co. , Waterloo.
McDonald Manufacturing Co., Stratford,
t Stevens & Burns, London.
The Patterson & Bro. Co., Woodstock.
J. O. Wisner, Son & Co., Brantford.
The Masson Manufacturing Co., Oshawa.
/ B. Bell & Son, St. George,
t J. H. Grant & Co., Grimsby.
f The Patterson & Bro. Co., Woodstock.
I The Mowat Manufacturing Co. , Whitby.
J The Massey Manufacturing Co., Toronto.
■ ' The Waterloo Manufacturing Co., Waterloo.
I The Gowdry Manufacturing Co., Guelph.
I A. Wren & Co., Forest.
Double-shear trench plow B. Bell & Son, St. George.
Cylinder cultivator The Wortman & Ward Manufacturing Co., London.
Implement or machine for cutting, pulling, ( The Wortman & Ward Manufacturing Co., London,
or otherwise harvesting peas 1 Tolton Bros., Guelph.
Portable grist mill ; Watson Manufacturing Co., Ayr.
f The Patterson & Bro. Co., Woodstock.
The Wortman & Ward Manufacturing Co., London.
The Mowat Manufacturing Co., Whitby.
J. Elliott & Son, London.
J The Massey Manufacturing Co., Toronto.
' The Waterloo Manufacturing Co., Waterloo.
The Waterous Engine Co., Brantford.
D. Maxwell & Sons, St. Marys.
Richardson & Webster, St. Marys.
L J. Fleury & Sons, Aurora.
Grain cracker .
Corn and cob crusher
M. T. Buchanan, Ingersoll.
f Sawyer & Massey Co., Hamilton.
The'Mowat Manufacturing Co., Whitby. '
^ , , 1 t \ Watson Manufacturing Co., Ayr,
Two-horse power for general purposes, for J jy Maxwell & Sons, St. Marys".
farmers use , Tj^g Gowdry Manufacturing Co., Guelph.
I Stevens & Burns, London.
I Richardson & Webster, St. Marys.
Hay baling press Stevens & Burns, London.
, (J. 0. Wisner, Son & Co., Brantford.
Spring tooth harrow < The Patterson & Bro. Co. , Woodstock. '
(.Eagle Sulkey Harrow Co., Brantford.
("The Wortman & Ward Manufacturing Co., London.
Horse pitchpork andjtackle s M. T. Buchanan, Ingersoll.
(.Cochrane Bros., St. Thomas.
f Noxon Bros. Manufacturing Co., Ingersoll.
The Patterson & Bro. Co., Woodstock.
J. O. Wisner, Son & Co., Brantford.
The Mowat Manufacturing Co., Whitby.
Sulky horse rake -{ The Watson Manufacturing Co. , Ayr.
The Masson Manufacturing Co., Oshawa."
J. Elliott & Son, London.
D. Maxwell & Sons, St. Marys.
I The Massey Manufacturing Co., Toronto.
172
58 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 8).
A. 1890
f M. Campbell, Chatham.
I The Mowat Manufacturing Co., Whitby.
Fanning mill ! R. K. & S. B. Fleeter, Chatham.
! John Blair, Derwent.
LThe Gowdry Manufacturing Co., Guelph.
Specimen farm fence, wood R. H. Tarves, London.
t>^*.„*^ Ai^ ^ y A. Wilkin, Birr.
Potato diggerl { A. N. Woodward, London.
f The Patterson & Bro. Co., Woodstock.
B. Bell & Son, St. George.
The Wortman & Ward Manufacturing Co., London.
The Watson Manufacturing Co., Ayr.
The Waterloo Mauufacturing Co., Waterloo,
Straw cutter -^ D. Maxwell & Sons, St. Marys.
The Gowdry Manufacturing Co., Guelph.
John Jackson, Lucan.
Stevens & Burns, London.
Richardson & Webster, St. Marys.
I. J. Fleury & Sons, Aurora.
Sulky plow.
Stump extractor M. T. Buchanan, Ingersoll.
(J. Elliott & Son, London.
D. Maxwell & Sons, St. Mary's.
J The Gowdry Manufacturing Co., Guelph.
I J. H. Grant & Co., Grimsby.
! A. Wren & Co., Forest.
L J. Fleury & Sons, Aurora.
Clod crusher The Wortman & Ward Manufacturing Co., London.
Double mould plow B. Bell & Son, St. George.
r J. Elliott & Son, London.
Gang plow < The Gowdry Maeufactur'ng Co., Guelph.
(, J. Fleury & Sons, Aurora.
Horse-hoe or single horse cultivator, iron
B. Bell & Son, St. George.
J. Elliott & Son, London.
J. H. Grant & Co., Grimsby.
Iron
(B. Bell & Son, St. George.
Horse-hoe or single horse cultivator, wood . . < The Mason Manufacturing Co., Oshawa.
(. J. Elliott & Son, London.
/B. Bell & Son, St. George.
.1. Elliott & Son, London.
Iron beam plow, with steel mould board and | The Waterloo Manufacturing Co., Waterloo.
wood handles "] The Gowdry Manufacturing Co., Guelph.
J. H. (irant & Co., Grimsby.
VA. Wren & Co., Forest.
( The Patterson & Bro. Co.
j^^ ) B. Bell & Son, St. George.
P I The Waterloo Manufacturing Co., Waterloo.
V J. Fleury & Sons, Aurora.
•ITT J .^i„„, / J- Elliott & Son, London.
Wooden plow | D. Maxwell & Sons, St. Mary's.
f J. F. Millar & Son, Morrisburg,
I B Jtsell & Son, St. George.
Machine for cutting roots for stock -{ Wacson Manufacturing Co., Ayr.
I The Waterloo Mannfacturing Co., Waterloo.
I. The Gowdry Manufacturing Co., Guelph.
f B. Bell and Sons, St. George.
I Watson Manufacturing Co., Ayr.
Machine for pulping roots -{ The Waterloo Manufacturing Co. , Waterloo.
I D. Maxwell & Sons, St. Mary's.
I LThe Gowdry Manufacturing Co., Guelph.
/ J. F. Millar & Son, Morrisburg.
Coultpard, Scott & Co., Oshawa.
The Palterson & Bro. Co., Woodstock.
^ J. Elliott & Son, London.
The Waterloo Manufacturing Co., Waterloo.
I D. Maxwell & Sons, St. Mary's.
^The Gowdry Manufacturing Co., Guelph.
173 .
Pair of iron harrows
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 8).
A. 1890
Wooden roller.
/B. Bell and Son, St. George.
\The Gowdry Manufacturing Co., Guelph.
Extras.
f Pair disc harrows, Coultpard, Scott &Co., Oshawa.
Hay tedder, J. 0. Wisnex, Son & Co., Brantford.
Washing machine. The Wortman & Ward Mfg. Co., London.
Grain and hay sling " "
Ensilage cutter, Watson Manufacturing Co., Ayr.
Tent hammock, The Mason Manufacturing Co., Oshawa.
Canopy " "
Single slat hammock " "
Ass't. plows, Cockshutt Plow Co., Brantford.
American road machine. Am. Road Machine Co., Kenneth
Square, Pa., U.S.
Hay loader, The Waterloo Manufacturing Co., Waterloo.
Eagle sulkey harrow, Eagle Sulkey Harness Co., Brantford
" and seeder " "
Agricultural furnace. The Gowdry Mfg. Co., Guelph.
-{ Bag truck, " "
Hay loader, M. Wilson & Co,, Hamilton.
" tedder " "
Disc harrows " "
Steam threshing engine, J. Goodwin & Co., Sarnia.
" separator " "
One-horse power, John Jackson, Lucan.
Sheaf unloader, M. T. Buchanan, Ingersoll.
Hay carrier and elevator '• "
Engine and boiler, Stevens & Burns, London.
ScufBer, Waterloo Manufacturmg Co., Waterloo.
Road scraper, Stevens & Burns, London.
Traction engine '* "
Hay pitchhing machine, W. Mathieson, St. Mary's.
Curtis fence loom machine, Howsell & Jaquette, St. Thomas.
LBinder twine, Dartmouth Rope Work Co., Halifax, N.S.
Agrictltural Tools, chiefly for Hand Use.
Assortment of drain tiles Chas. Pratt, London.
Garden walk or lawn roller The Gowdry Manufacturing Co., Gueph.
Lawn mower "
Half-dozen hay forks Neely & Durand, Dorchester.
Set heavy horse shoes Samuel Lewis, Delaware.
Set horse shoes, light " "
Farm gate Wm. Abernethy, Moore.
Fruit eyaporator Wm. Dundenhoffer, London.
Ensilage cutter and elevator F. S. Beckett Engine Co.. Hamilton.
Assortment agricultural tools for hand use,
of Canadian manufacture, exhibited by
the manufacturer or his agent Cockshutt Plow Co., Brantford,
/"Tumbling or revolving churn, B. W. Smith, Strathroy.
■^ ^ ) Hedge and wire fence, Ontario Hedge & Wire Fence Co.
E'^t'^as ) Windsor.
V Extra light horse shoes, Samuel Lewis, Delaware.
CLASS XXXVII.
Carriages and Sleighs, and Parts thereof, for Exhibition only.
Buggy, double seated, covered.
(H. A. Stringer, London.
J. Turner "
E. H. Moran
Brownell & Ferle, St. Thomas.
John Campbell, London.
W. F. Thompson •'
Buggy, double seated, uncovered
f H. A. Stringer, London.
'. J. Turner "
E. H. Moran
1 Brownell & Ferle, St. Thomas.
I John Campbell, London.
LW. F. Thompson "
174
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
fH. A. Stringer, London.
J. Turner "
jtsuggy, single aeatea, covereu - E. H. Moran
I John Can\pbell
Thompson "
/"H. A. Stringer, London.
I J Turner "
Buggy, single seated, uncovered ->' E. H. Moran
I John Gampbell
[W. F, ~
Thompson "
C-iagehack { ^'f^S^ J^'^'^^'^"-
{J. Turner, London.
John-cinpbelf^"''°°-
W. F. Thompson, Loudon.
Buckboard vehicle W. F. Thompson, London.
Skeleton speeding waggon : {^''rTLtiZ':; London.
Two-passenger village road carf |g- ^- |f^j.°|'''"' ^^o^don.
^«^-" -{joh^-SS''^"''°"
( H. A. Stringer, London.
Pair bob sleighs < John Elliott & Son, London.
(Thos. Howard '•
(J. McFarlane, Otterville.
One-horse-cart < John Ward, Ealing.
(.E. H. Moran, London.
,J. W. Morrison, London.
Bain Waggon Co., London.
Patterson & Jolly "
Two-horse team waggon, thimble skein | J. Kay, Paris.
Adams & Son, Paris.
Chatham Manufacturing Co., Chatham.
\Thos. Howard, London.
j" H. Stringer, London.
Phaeton, uncovered < i' l^'"??^
j E. i±. Moran
V John Campbell "
/"H. A. Stringer, London.
Phaeton, covered {i' '£^™f''
I E. H. Moran '
I John Campbell "
/'H. A. Stringer, London.
Pleasure cutter H-: '5^''?^
j E. H. Moran "
V John Campbell "
TH. A. Stringer, London.
Sleigh, two-horse, pleasure -^ J. Turner "
tJohn Campbell "
TH. A. Stringer, London.
Display of vehicles. K E. H. Moran •'
(.John Campbell •'
Springs, one set, steel carriage J. B. Armstrong Manufacturing Co., Guelph
175
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1800
!■ J. Turner, London.
One-horse light market waggon < E. H. Moran "
(.John Campbell, London.
One-horse sulky E. H. Moran, London.
Two-horse spring market waggon {J- 'g;'^?^;.^^''""''"-
Collection of carriage and waggon hardware Jas. Wright & Co., London.
f Asst. carriages buggies, etc., on Armstrong's steel running
I gears, J. B. Armstrong Manufacturing Co., Guelph.
I Farm truck waggon, Bain Waggon Co., London.
Extras J Phaeton cart, Brownell & Feole, St. Thomas.
I Skeleton " '• "
I One-horse surrey, Adams & Son, Paris.
I Hansom cab, John Campbell, London.
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS?.
CLASS XXXVIII.
Field Grains, Hops, Etc., the Growth of 1889. 243 Entries.
Judges — R. Armstrong, Glen Annan ; Oliver Austin, Simcoe.
The Canada Company's Prize for the best 25 bushels of fall wheat, the produce of the Province of
Ontario, and the growth of 1889. Each sample must be of one distinct named variety, pure
and unmixed, of the best quality for seed, and not to be tested merely by weight. The prizes
to be awarded to the actual grower only of the wheat, which is to be given up to and become
the property of the Association, for distribution in the several agricultural districts for seed.
1st, R. Wilson, Sheridan $100 00
2nd, Geo. Baker, Simcoe 20 00
The winner of the 2nd prize to retain his wheat.
To enter for these prizes the exhibitor will be required to furnish the Secretary with a written state-
ment of the nature of the soil, mode of preparation, the variety and quantity of seed and time of sowing,
manure (if any used), produce per acre of grain, and any other particulars of practical importance, before
lieing paid the amount of premium. Winners of prizes in the succeeding sections of this class will also be
expected to furnish information when applied for.
Persons competing for the Canada Company's prize are requested to bring a sample in the straw,
pulled from the ground when ripe, with the roots remaining attached.
Best white winter wheat, 1^ bush, Geo. A. Wesee, Albury $6 00
2nd do R. Wilson, Sheridan 4 00
.Srd do Wm. Tuck, Waterdown 3 00
Best red, or amber winter wheat, 1^ bushels, R. Wilson, Sheridan 6 00
2nd do John Laskett, Birr 4 00
3rd do Chas. Grant, Thornbury 3 00
Best Fife spring wheat, 1^ bushels, Chas. Grant, Thornbury 6 00
2nd do W. Hartman, Clarksburg 4 00
3rd do G. Greemans, Sheridan 3 00
Best white Russian or Lost Nation wheat, li bushels, G. Greemans, Sheridan 6 00
2nd do do Chas. Grant, Thornbury 4 00
3rd do do W. Hartman, Clarksburg 3 00
Best white spring wheat, of other varieties, li bushels, G. Greemans, Sheridan 6 00
2nd do do R. Wilson, do 4 00
3rd do do Chas. Grant, Thornbury 3 00
Beet spring wheat, of any other variety, IJ bushels, G. Greemans, Sheridan 6 00
2nd do do W. E. Wright, Glanworth 4 00
3rd do do Chas. Grant, Thornbury 3 00
Best buckwheat, 1 bushel, W. & K. Talbot, The Gore 3 00
2nd do O. Beaudry, St. Alexis, Que 2 00
3rd do F. Peck, Albury 100
Beat barley (2 rowed), 1^ bushels, Wm. Tuck, Waterdown 5 00
2nd do Thos. Elmes, Princeton 3 00
3rd do Chas. Grant, Thornbury 2 00
176 '
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
Best barley (6 rowed), 1^ bushels, G. Greemans, Sheridan $5 00
2nd do J. Haskett, Birr 3 00
3rd do R. Wilson, Sheriden 2 00
Best barley, black, li bushels, Thos. Ehnes, Princpton 5 00
2nd do " W. M. & J. C. Smith, Fairfield Plains 3 00
3id do Chas. Grant, Thornbury 2 00
Bi'st winter rye, 1^ bushels, Wm. Tuck, Waterdown 5 00
2nd do Geo. Baker, Siracoe 3 00
3rd dc» Rock Bailey, Union 2 00
Best oats (white), 1^ bushels, R. Wilson, Sheridan 4 00
2nd do 6. Greemans do 2 00
3rd do W. M. & J. C. Smith, Fairfield Plains 1 00
Best oats (black), 1^ bushels, G. Greemans, Sheridan 4 00
2nd do Howcroft & Watkins, London, Eng., per J. S. Pearce & Co., London,
Ont 2 00
3rd do Thos. Elmes, Princeton 1 00
Best small field peas, 1| bushels, Geo. A. Weese, Albury 5 00
2nd do G. Greemans, Sheridan 3 00
3rd do Wm. Tu^k, Waterdown 2 00
Best Marrowfat peas (white), 1^ bushels, R. Wilson, Sheriden. 5 00
2nd do W. Hartman, Clarksburg 3 00
3rd. do Chas. Grant, Thornbury 2 00
Best Marrowfat peas (black eyes), 1^ bushels), G. Greemans, Sheridan .5 00
2nd do " Chas. Grant, Thornbury 3 00
3rd do Geo. Baker, Simcoe 2 00
Best field peas, IJ bushels of any other kind, W. Hartman, Clarksburg 5 00
2nd d"o . Chas. Grant, Thornbury 3 00
Srd do E. A. Jones, Kertch 2 00
Best small white field beans, 1 bushel, C. Lewis, Salf ord , 5 00
2nd do R. Wilson, Sheridan 3 00
3rd do Kains, Bros. , Byron 2 00
Best large white field beans, 1 bushel, C. Lewis, Salford 5 00
2nd do R. Wilson, Sheridan 3 00
3rd do Geo. A. Weese, Albury 2 00
Best Indian corn in the ear (white), IJ bushels, Geo. Baker, Simcoe .5 00
2nd do F. Peck, Albury 3 00
3rd do Rock Bailey, Union 2 00
Best Indian corn (yellow), li bushels. R. Whetter, London 5 00
2nd do " F. Peck, Albury 3 00
3rd do A. Kennedy, Ilderton 2 00
Best sweet corn, 1 bushel, Geo. Cairns, Virgil 5 00
2nd do F. Peck, Aibury 3 00
3rd do W. H. K. Talbot, The Gore 2 00
Bale of hops, not less than 1(30 lbs., John I). Moore, Gait 12 00
•2nd do Wm. Oliver, Crumlin 8 00
Collection of grain in the straw, Thos. Elmes, Princeton Silver Medal
Exhibit of vegetables, field roots, etc., John S.
Pearce & Co., London Silver Medal
Grain in the straw and in bottles. Experimental
Farm, Guelph.
-Extra entries.
/
GLASS XXX IX.
Small Field Seeds, Flax, Hemp, Etc, 114 Entries.
Judges. — J. D. Lutz, Stony Creek ; Piatt Hinman, Grafton.
Best timothy seed, 1 bushel, Chas. Grant, Thornbury %\ 00
2nd, do Thos. Ehnes, Princeton 2 00
Srd, do R. Wilson, Sheridan 100
Brtst clover seed, 1 bushel, W. Hartman, Clarksburg 6 GO
2nd, do E. A. Jones. Kertch 4 00
3rd, do Geo. Baker, SiUiCoe 2 00
Best clover, Alsike seed, half bushel, Thos. Elmes, Princeton 6 00
2nd, do W. H. K. Talbot, The Gore 4 00
3rd, do W. Hartman, Clarksburg 2 00
Best clover seed, white, half bushel, O. Beaudry, St. Alexis, Que 6 00
2nd, do J. Mansolair do do 4 00
Best perennial rye grass, half bushel, W. Hartman, Clarksburg 4 00
2nd, do Howcroft & Watkins, London, Eng., per J. S. Pearce & Co.,
London, Ont 2 00
Best orchard grass seed, half bushel, W. Hartman, Clarksburg 4 00
2nd, do F. Peck, Albury 2 00
(12 A.A.) 177
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
■Rest Alfalfa seed, half bushel, Thos. Elmes, Princeton $4 00-
2nd, do Howcroft & Watkins, London, Eng., per J. S. Pearce & Co., Lon-
don, Ont li CO
Best flax seed, 1 bushel, G. Greemans, Sheridan 4 00
2rd, do W. Hartman, Clarksburg 2 00'
3rd, do R. Wilson, Sheridan _ 1 00
Swedish turnip seed from transplanted bulbs, not less than 12 lbs, David Martin, St. Esprit, Que ... 4 00
2nd, do do H. Chisholm, Paris 3 00
3rd, do do Howcroft & Watkin«, London,
Eng., per J. S. Pearce & Co., London, Ont 2 00
Best Grey stone turnip seed, 12 lbs., A. Beaudry, St. Alexis, Que 4 00
:>nd, do J. Mansolair, do do 3 00-
3d, do D. Martin, St. Esprit, do 2 00
Best White Belgian field carrot seed, 12 lbs., Howcroft & Watkins, London, Eng., per J. S.
Pearce& Co., London, Ont 4 00
2nd, do D. Martin, St. Esprit, Que 3 00
3r(j do J. Mansolair, St. Alexis, Que 2 .''lO
Best Long red mangel wurzel seed, 12 lbs., J. Mansolair, St. Alexis, Que 4 00
2nd, do D. Martin, St. Esprit, Que 3 OO
3rd, do O. Beaudry, St. Alexis, Que 2 OO
Best Yellow globe mangel-wurzel seed, 12 lbs., J. Mansolair, St. Alexis, Que 4 00-
2nd, do O. Beaudry, do do 3 00'
3rd,' do D. Martin, St. Esprit, do 2 00
Best Tares, 1 bushel, R. Wilson, Sheridan , 3 OO
2iid, do Chas. Grant, Thornbury 2 00
T'.est Milet, 1 bushel, E. A. Jones, Kertch 3 00
2ad, do Geo. Baker, Simcoe 2 00
Best Hungarian grass seed, 1 bush, E. A. Jones, Kertch 3 00
2nd do Chas. Grant, Thornbury , 2 00
Best white mustard seed, Howcroft & VVatkins, London, Eng., per J. S. Pearce & Co., London, Ont 3 00
2nd do O. Beaudry, St. Alexis, Que 2 00
Best parsnip seed, Howcroft & Watkins, London, Eng., per J. S. Pearce & Co., London, Ont 3 00
2nd, do Chas. Scott, Melville Cross 2 00
Best cured tobacco leaf, growth of Canada, 10 lbs., O. Beaudry, St. Alexis, Que 4 00
2nd do J. Mansolair, do do 3 OO
3rd,' do D. Martin, St. Esprit do 2 00
Best broom corn bush, 28 lbs., Rock Bailey, Union 3 00
2nd, do O. Beaudry, St. Alexis, Que 2 OO
Best flax, scutched, 112 lbs., O. Beaudry, St. Alexis, Que 8 00
Be«t hemp, dressed, 112 lbs., O. Beaudry, St. Alexis, Que 8 00
2nd, do J. Monsolair, do do 4 Of>
I Bird seeds, Bart Cottam, London "j
Champion live stock (food), Bart Cottam, London. [-Diploma.
. , Washing compound, do do do J
Extra entries ^ Yellow field corn, D. Carroll, Ealing.
Do do do G. Parkinson, London.
^Blue blade corn, do do
CLAJSS XL.
Field Roots, Etc. 309 Entries.
Judges. — Wm. Mowbray. Sarnia ; A, M. Smith. St. Catharines.
Best Chicago market potatoes, half bushel, W. H. K. Talbot, The Gore $3 00'
o,,d do Abel Steele. Ferguson 2 00
3i.d' do F. Peck, Aibury... TOO
Best early, Ohio, half bushel, F. Peck, Aibury 3 00
2nd do W. H. K. Talbot, The Gore 2 00'
3rd do ■ W. M. Peck, Aibury 100
Best nride of America, half bushel, F. Peck, Aibury 3 00
2nd, do W. M. Peck, Aibury 2 00
Best Magnum Bonum, half bushel, F. Peck. Aibury 3 00
2nd do W. M. Peck. Aibury 2 00
Best Earlv R"se potatoes, half bushel, Thos. Olde. Union 3 00
2,,(] do W. H. K. Talbot, The Gore 2 00
3,.d,' dt) Thos. HysL.p, Ealing 100
Bes't Late Rose potatoes, half bushel, W. H. K. Talbot, The Gore 3 00
2nd do A. Swafheld, Union 2 00
3rd' do B. Cornell, Delaware 1 00
Best Hebron potatoes, half bushel, B. Cornell, Delaware 3 00
2nd do W. H. K. Talbot, The Gore. 2 00
3rd,' do Thos. Hyslop, Ealing 100
178
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers {No. 8;. A. 1890
Best Early Sunrise, half bushel, J. H. Ellman, Union "*.'} OQ
2nd, do Thos. Olde, do '.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'. ''h 00
3rd, do A. Swaffield do 1 OO
Best Brownell's Best, half bushel, W. H. K. Talbot, The Gore 3 OO
2nd, do W. M. Peck, Albuiy 2 00
3rd, do F. Pock, Albury. . .' [ '/' 1 qq
Best Mammoth Pearl, half bushel, F. Peck, Albury b 00
2nd, do W. M. Peck, Albury '..'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.".'.'.'.'.[ 2 00
Best White Star, half bushel, Geo. Parkinson, London 3 qq^
2nd, do Thos. College, Byron . . -j qq
3rd, do R. Whetter, London j ^J^J
Best Burbank Seedling, half bushel, John Doyle, Lambeth _ ;^ 00
2nd, do F. Peck, Albury 2 00
Best Dempsey potatoes, half bushel, F. I'eck, Albury ' 3 00
2nd do W M. Peck, Albury 2 00
Best Clarke, No 1, hair bushel, J. B. Swaffield, tJnion • • • • -^
2nd, do W. H. K. Talbot, The Gore '.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'. 'j 00
3rd, do R. Fletcher, London 1 ^J^
Best White Elephant, half bushel, John Doyle, Lambeth ' ' ' " ;-i oO
2nd, do Thos. College, Byron 2 00
3rd, do J. B. Swaffield, Union ! ! ! ! ! 1 00
Best any other sort, half bushel, J. H. Ellnan, Union ' ' ' 3 qq
2nd, do John Lackey, London 2 00
3rd, do A. Swaffield, Union . . . . 1 00
Be,t seedling potatoes, half bushel, W. H. K. Talbot, The Gore 3 00
2nd, do W. M. Peck, Albury ... ' 2 00
3rd„ do F. Peck, do ...... 1 00
Best collection of field potatoes, half peck of each sort, named, W. H. K. Talbot, The Gore. ...... 6 oO
2nd, do do Thos. Olde, Union ..,]] 4 00
3rd, do do T. Howard, London , ] 2 00
Best six roots purple Swede turnips, Chas. Scott, Melville Cross 3 00
2nd, do F. Peck, Albury 2 00
3rd, do Laidlaw & Jackson, Wilton Grove 1 00
Best six roots bronze Swede turnips, Chas. Scott, Melville Cross 3 (lO
2nd, do W. H. Beattie, Wilton Grove ..'....*. 2 00
3rd. do Jas. Murray do 1 CO
Kest six roots green Swede turnips, Laidlaw & Jackson, Wilton Grove .' 3 qo
2nd, do Jas. Murray, do /_ _ o qq
3rd, do .John Sutton, Union i qq'
Best six roots white Swede turnips, Chas. Scott, Melville Cross [ / 3(0
2nd, do Laidlaw & Jackson, Wilton Grove 2 00
3rd, do F. Peck, Albury 1 00
Best six roots white globe turnips, Chas. Scott, Melville Cross 3 00
2nd, do Laidlaw & .Jackson, Wilton Grove 2 00
3rd, do D. Palmer, Putnam [ " i oo
Best six roots Greystone turnips, Chas. Scott, Melville Cross . . 3 00
2nd, do Laidlaw & Jackson, Wilton Grove | _ 2 00
3rd, do D. Palmer, Putnam 1 00
Best six roots yellow Aberdeen turniiJS, Chas. Scott, Melville Cross [] 3 00
2nd, do Laidlaw & Jackson, Wilton Grove 2 00
3rd, do W. H. Beattie, Wilton Grove ... l 00
Best six roots purple top Aberdeen turnips, Chas. Scott, Melville Cross ' ^ . . . 3 00
2nd, do Laidlaw & Jackson, Wilton Grove 2 CO
Best four varieties turnips, six of each W. H. Beattie, Wilton Grove .3 00
Best six roots red carrots. Thos. Magladery, Park Hill q 0^
2nd, do W. H. K. Talbot, The Gore '.■'■'■'.'.'.'.".'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.]'.'.'. 2 00
3rd, do Ja«. Murry, Wilton Grove ' 1 00
Best six roots white or Belgian carrots, Thos. Magladery, Park Hill .^00
2nd, do Jas. M urray, Wilton Grove 2 00
3rd, do A. & R. Hislop, White Oak '.'.'.'.'.'.'.'." 100
Best six roots mangel-wurzel, long red, Thos. Magladery, Park Hill " 3 qq
2nd, do Wm. Murray, Wilton Grove 2 00
3rd, do A. & R. Hislop, White Oak '.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.".'.'.'.'.'. 1 00
Best six roots red globe mangel-wurzel, Thos. Magladery, Park Hill ' * " 3 00
2nd, do Wm. Murray, Wilton Grove 2 00
3rd, . . do A. & R. Hislop, White Oak '.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'..'.[ 100
Best six roots intermediate red mangel-wurzel, Thos. Magladery, Park Hill ' ' 3 oO
2nd, do Wm. Murray, Wilton Grove 2 00
.3rd, do R. Whetter," London 100
I3est six roots yellow globe mangel-wurzel, Thos. Magladery, Park Hill 3 00
2nd, do ,Jas. Murray, Wilton Grove !!.!!!! 2 00
3rd, do Wm. Murray, Wilton (jrove 100
Best six roots long yellow mangel-wurzel, Thos. Magladery, Park Hill .......]..]].. ,3 00
2nd, do Wm. Murray, Wilton (irove 2 00
3rd. do W. H. Beattie. London .' . i qq
Best six roots intermediate yellow mangel-wurzel, Thos. Magladery, Park Hill ^00
2nd, do A. & R. Hislop, White Oak '.'.'...'. '. '. [ ' .' .' '.'.'.'.'.... 2 00
3rd, do Wm. Murray, Wilton Grove ,.., i qq
179
63 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
Best six roots kohl rabi, F. Peck, Albury ^3 00
nd do Chas. Scott, Melville Cross -^ ^^
rd, do Thos. Magladery, Park Hill 100
Best six roots white sugar beet, Thos. Magladery, Park Hill 3 00
2nd do Wm. Murray, Wilton Grove ■i W
:3rd,' do W. H. Beattie, Wilton Grove 1 00
Best six roots parsnips, Thos. Magladery, Park Hill 3 00
2nd, do Chas. Scott, Melville Cross ^ ^"
3rd, do Abel Steele, Ferguson 1 00
Be.st six roots chicory, Samuel Pape, London 3 00
2nd, do John Lackey, London ^ ^0
Best one large squash for cattle, Abel Steele, Ferguson 3 00
2rid, do A. & R. Hislop, White Oak 2 00
3rd,' do R. Fletcher, London 1 00
Be-i't one mammoth field pumpkin, Abel Steele, Kerguson 3 00
2nd, do F. Peck, Albury 2 00
Best two common yellow field pumpkins, D. Palmer, Putnam 3 00
2nd, do B. Cornell, Delaware 2 00
DAIRY PRODUCTS.
CLASS XL J.
Dairy Prodi'cts. 158 Entries.
Judges.— J. M. Joness, Bowen ; Prof. Robertson, O.A.C., Guelph ; P. R. Daly, Foxboro ; Wm. Eager,
South Mountain.
The following prizes are offered oy the Agriculture and Arts Association of Ontario, the Dairymen s
Association of Eastern Ontario, and the Creamery Association of Ontario.
Best three firkins of butter, fitted for exportation, not less than 40 lbs. in each firkin, made at any creamery
or liutter factory ; exhibitors to furnish mode of manufacture, including bi-eed and number of cows,
description of factory, treatment of milk, quantity, brand and make of salt used, and any other prac-
tical information that they may be able to afford, ijefore being paid the amount of premium.
ist prize (creamery), by Creamery Association, Jas. Stouthers, Owen Sound $ 20 00
9nd do do I. Wenger, Ay ton 15 00
o|.j ' rto do S. V. Kinsey, Durham 10 00
4tyj' do do I. Wenger, Ayton 5 00
1st prize (dairy), Kains Bros., Byron 20 Oq
-2nd do Wm. Herbison, Herbison lo 00
3rd,' do F. H. Wall, St. James' Park 10 00
Best butter, creamery made, not less than 40 lbs. in crocks or in rolls.
Ist prize by Creamery Association, Jas. Strouthers, Owen Sound 20 00
2nd ' do I. Wenger, Ayton 15 00
3rd' do I Wenger, Ayton 10 00
^^^' do A. Wark, Wanstead 5 00
Best butter, not less than 28 lbs. , in firkin, crocks or tubs, " for home use," " home consumption."
Dairy made.
1st prize, E. Waugh, Komoka 15 00
2nd, dr. W. D. Dobson, Alloa 10 00
3rd' do Kains Bros., Byron 7 00
4th' do Miss Lizzie Crews, Napperton 4 00
Best butter, not less than 10 lbs., in rolls, prints or pats, " table use," "home consum.ption,"
known as 5 day butter. Dairy made.
1st prize, Kains Bros., Byron 10 00
'2ad do E. W.augh, Komoka 8 00
3rd' do I. Robson, Ferguson 6 00
4th,' do W. D. Dobson, Allca 4 00
Best two factory cheese (white), capacity of factory and manufacture of not less than the milk of 50
cows. For cheese made during the first 15 days in August, 1889.
1st prize T. J. Ballantyne, Listowel 30 00
•3ad, do W. W. Gray, Musselburg 20 00
3rd ' do J. Morrison, Newry 15 00
4th' do F. C. Austice, Springf:>rd 10 00
-5th' do W. H. Bean, Newbridge , 6 00
180
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
Best two factory cheese (colored), capacity of factory and manufacture of not less than 50 cows'
milk. For cheese made during the first 15 days in August, 1889.
1st jirize, Gideon Moore, Kenilworth §30 C^
2nd, do S. W. Laird, Lakelet. 20 OO
3rd, do F. C. Austice, Springford 1.5 OO
4th, do J. Morrison, Newry 10 00
5th, do R. Tracey, Harrietsville 6 00 -
Information in sections 6 and 7 to be furnished complete, same as in section 1 : and also a declaration
will be required from each competitor that the cheese shown was made according to the above data.
Best two dairy cheese, not less than 8 lbs. each.
1st prize, S. W. Laird, Lakelet 812 00 .
2nd, do W. F. Geron, Switzerville 8 00
3rd, do E. Humphrey, Thamesford 5 00
Best two Stilton cheese, not less than Bibs. each.
1st prize, Jas. Liddle, jr. , Dundas 12 00
2nd, do F. Wall, St. James' Park 8 00
Best two Gloucester or Wiltshire loaf or truckle cheese, not less than 8 lbs. each.
1st prize, Samuel Howard, Gorrie 12 00
2nd, do T. J. Dillon, Bluevale 8 00.
3rd, do B. J. Connolly, Mount Forest 5 OO
Best collection of butter tubs for shipping purposes.
1st prize, C. Lewis, Salford 0 00
Sweepstakes — Dominion Gold Medal.
A gold medal given for the best made and most perfect lots of cheese in any class that has taken a first
prize ; all cheese obtainins a first prize in any of the classes can be shown, and will be judged for the
sweepstakes prize without any addition or extra entry being made.
Thos. Ballantyne, Listowell Gold Medal* .
Rules and Conditions.
Declaration as to mode of manufacture and treatment, curing process, etc., must accompany each
entry and be given to the secretary at the time of the entry, or previous to the exhiljition.
Extras.
Asst. cheese hoops, C. Lewis, Salford.
Patent churn, W. E. Wilson, Dorchester Station.
Collection of butter packages, R. J. Graham, Belleville.
Milk purifier, R. H. Cars well, Ingersoll.
CLASS XLIL
Sugar, Bacon, Etc. 12 Entries.
Judges.— G. W. Cline, Winona ; Robert McFarlane, Forest.
Best maple syrup, 1 gallon, Jane E. Price, Mt. Brydges S3 00
2nd, do A. Kennedy, Ilderton 2 00
3rd, do J. E. Sager, St. George 1 00
CLASS XLIII.
Honey and Apiart Supplies. 25 Entries.
Judges.— Jas. Barnum, Grafton ; J. Y. Morton, Brantford.
The best display of extracted honey in marketable condition, J. B. Aches, Poplar Hill SIO 00 .
2nd, do do .John Rudd, London 5 00.
The best display of honey in the comb and in marketable condition, J. W. Whealey, Kintore 10 00
2nd, do do John Rudd, London 5 00
Best honey in the comb, not less than 10 lbs., Chas. Grant, Thornbury 8 00 •
2nd, do do W. Hartman, Clarksburg fi 00
3rd, do do J. B. Aches, Poplar Hill ... 4 OO
181
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
Best jar of extracted honey, J. B. Aches, Poplar Hili $4 00
'2nd, do R. Robinson, Muncey 2 00
3rd, do John Rudd, London 1 00
Best beeswax, not less than 10 lbs., John Rudd, London • 3 00
Best bee hive, J. B. Aches, Poplar Hill 3 00
■2nd, do John Rudd, London 2 00
Best honey extractor, John Rudd London Diploma.
^est and largest display of apiarian supplies, John Rudd, London Silver Medal.
CLASS XLIV.
Domestic Wines. 24 Entries.
Judges. — Jas. Barnum, Grafton ; J. Y. Morton, Brantford.
General List. Professional and Commercial Wine-Makers Excluded.
All wines to be from the hardy grape, and to be exhibited in a uniform manner and quantity, in the
•ordinary pint bottle, known as the English wine bottle.
Best three bottles, dry wine, white, Henry Lutz, Stony Creek $5 00
2nd, do J. D. Lutz, Stony Creek 3 00
3rd, do T. H. Parker, Woodstock 2 00
Best three bottles, dry wine, red, J. D. Lutz, Stony Creek 5 00
2nd, do Henry Lutz, Stony Creek 3 00
3rd, do T. H. Parker, Woodstock 2 00
Best three bottles, sweet wine, white, J. D. Lutz, Stony Creek 4 00
2nd, do Henry Lutz, Stony Creek 2 00
Best three bottles, sparkling wine, Henry Lutz, Stony Creek 4 00
■2nd, do J. D. Lutz, Stony Creek 2 00
Best three bottles, any other sort of grape wine, Mrs. Alex. Begg, London 4 00
.2nd, do do J. D. Lutz, Stony Creek 2 00
Best three bottles, raspberry wine, J. D. Lutz, Stony Creek 3 00
2nd, do Henry Lutz, Stony Creek 2 00
Best three bottles, cherry wine, J. D. Lutz, Stony Creek 3 00
'2nd, do Henry Lutz, Stony Creek 2 00
Best three bottles, currant wine, Henry Lutz, Stony Creek 3 00
'2nd, do J. D. Lutz, Stony Creek 2 00
Extras.
€ider, W. Weld, London.
do do
HORTICULTUEAL DEPARTMENT
Fruit, Vegetables, Plants and Flowers,
CLASS XLV.
Fruit. —Professional Nurserymen's List. 93 Entries.
Judges. — R. Currie, Niagara ; Geo. Cairns, "Virgil.
Competitors can make only one entry and receive only one premium in each section.
Winners of prizes in the Professional Nurserymen's List, in sections 1, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 15, will be
required to furnish the Secretary with a written statement of the manner of cultivation, the nature of the
soil, the locality and any other particulars of practical importance, if so desired, before being paid the
prize
Best twenty varieties apples, correctly named, five of each, W. A. Hoi ton, Hamilton $10 00
2nd, do do D. VanDuzen, Grimsby 8 00
3rd, do do Smith & Kernan, St. Catharines 6 00
Best four varieties fall table apples, named, five of each, D. VanDuzen, Grimsby 3 00
2nd, do do W. D. A. Ross, Chatham 2 00
■Best six varieties of fall cooking apples, named, five of each. Smith & Kernan, St. Catharines 3 00
2ud, do do W. D. A. Ross, Chatham 2 00
182
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
Best six varieties ef winter table apples, named, five of each, W. A. Holton, Hamilton $3 00
2nd, do do Smith & Kernan, St. Catharines, 2 00
Best six varieties of winter cooking apples, named, five of each. Smith & Kernan, St. Catharines. ... 3 00
2nd, do do D. VanDuzen, Grimsby 2 00
Best fifteen varieties pears, correctly named, five of each, D. VanDuzen, Grimsby 10 00
2nd, do do W. A, Holton, Hamilton 8 00
3rd, do do Smith & Kernan, St. Catharines 6 00
Six varieties pears, correctly named, five of each, A. G. Hull, St. Catharines -^00
2nd, do do W. A. Holton, Hamilton 3 00
Best six varieties plums, red or blue, correctly named, six of each, W. A. Holton, Hamilton 5 00
2nd, do do Smith & Kernan, St. Catharines . 3 00
Best six varieties plums, green or yellow, correctly named, six of each, D. VanDuzen, Grimsby 5 00
2nd, do do Smith & Kernan, St. Catha-
rines, 3 00
Best ten varieties peaches, correctly named, six of each, Smith & Kernan, St. Catharines 6 00
3nd, do do D. VanDuzen, Grimsby 4 00
Best twelve varieties grapes, grown in open air, two bunches each, correctly named, A. G. Hull, St.
Catharines 8 00
2nd, do do W. A. Holton, Hamilton 6 00
Best four varieties black grapes, grown in open air, two bunches, each correctly named, A. G. Hull,
St. Catharines 3 00
2nd, do dj D. VanDuzen, Grimsby 2 00
Best' four varieties white grapes, grown in open air, two bunches each, correctly named, A. G. Hull,
St. Catharines 3 00
2nd, do do W. A. Holton, Hamilton 2 00
Best, four varieties red grapes, grown in open air, two bunches each, correctly named, A. G. Hull, St.
Catharines 3 00
2nd, do do W. A. Holton, Hamilton 2 00
Best six varieties grapes, grown under glass, one bunch of each sort, correctly named, J. L. Harris,
Woodstock 8 00
2nd, do do J. Holder, St. Catharines (3 00
Best three varieties grapes, three distinct colors, grown under glass, one bunch each, J. Holder, St.
Catharines 4 00
2nd, do • do F. L. Harris. Woodstock 2 00
Best heaviest bunch black Hamburg grapes, grown under glass, J. Holder, St. Catharines 3 00
2nd, do do F. L. Harris, Woodstock 2 00
Best heaviest one bunch black grapes, any other kind, grown under glass, F. L. Harris, Woodstock. 3 00
2nd, do do J. Holder, St. Catharines. 2 00
Best heaviest one bunch white grapes, grown under glass, W. Vroman, Oxford Centre 3 00
2n<l, do do J. Holder, St. Catharines 2 00
Best display of fruit, the growth of exhibitor, not more than five specimens of each variety of apple
and pear, named, grown under glass and in open air, Smith & Kernan, St. Catharines 15 00
2nd, do do D. VanDuzen, Grimsby 10 00
Collection of one dozen each of six varieties of crabs, cultivated, W. A. Holton, Hamilton 3 00
2nd, do do A. G. Hull, St. Catharines 2 00
CLASS XLVL
Fruit.— General List— Apples and Pears. 1,401 Entries.
Judges. — M. Pettit, Winona ; J. H. Wismer, Port Elgin ; D. VanDuzen, Grimsby.
Professional Nurserymen excluded. Competitors can make only one entry and receive only one
premium in each section. (By a variety of fruit is meant an established variety, known as such to
pomologists. New varieties with only local names are classed as seedlings.)
Best twenty varieties apples, correctly named, five of each, P. McCulloch, jr., Burlington $10 00
2nd, do do J. D. Lutz, Stony Creek 8 00
3rd, do do H. Mar,shall, Hamilton 6 00
4th, do do R. Currie, Niagara 4 00
Best ten varieties apples, correctly named, five of each, A. Reach, Burlington 6 00
2nd, do do P. McCulloch, jr., Burlington 4 00
3rd,. do do J. D. Ro.ss, Chatham 2 00
Best four varieties dessert apples, correctly named, five of each, H. Lutz, Stony Creek 3 00
2nd, do do P. McCulloch, jr., Burlington 2 00
3rd, do do W. Hay, Delaware 100
Best four varieties cooking apples, correctly named, five of each, R. Currie, Niagara 3 00
2nd, do do P. McCulloch, jr., Burlington 2 00
3rd, do do H. Marshall, Hamilton 100
Best five Hawley, J. D. Ross, Chatham 2 00
2nd, do J. D. Lutz, Stony Creek 100
Best five Duchess of Oldenburg, A. Terryberry, Grimsby 2 00
2nd, do R. Currie, Niagara 1 00
183
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
Best five snow apples, P. McCulloch, jr., Burlington $2 50
2nd, do O. C. Marshall, Chatham 2 00
3rd, do F. Peck, Albury 1 50
4th, do H. Marshal], Hamilton 1 00
Best five fall Pippins, J. D. Ross, Chathanj , 2 00
2nd, do Ct. C. Marshall, Chatham 1 00
Best five Gravenstein, J. D. Ross, Chatham 2 00
2nd, do H. Marshall, Hamilton 1 00
Best five Shiawassee Beauty, R. Currie, Niagara 2 00
2nd, do Clayton Field, Niagara 1 00
Best five Maiden's Blush, Geo. < 'aims, Virgil 2 00
2nd, do P. McCulloch, jr., Burlington 100
Best five Cayuga Red Streak, H. Marshall, Hamilton 2 00
2nd, do G. C. Marshall, Chatham 1 00
Best five Mother, Geo. A. Weese, Albury 2 00
2nd, do F. Peck, do 1 00
Best five St. Lawrence, (ieo. A. Weese, Albury 2 GO
2nd, do F. Peck, do 1 00
Best five Colvert, G. C. Marshall. Chatham 2 00
2nd, do A. Reach, Burlington 1 00
Best five Porter, J. D. Ross, Chatham 2 00
Best five of any other variety fall apple, correctly named, J. D. Lutz, Stony Creek 2 00
2nd, do do E. C. Fearnside, Hamilton 1 00
Best five fall seedling apples, E. A. .Jones, Kertch 2 00
Best five Ribston Pippins, A. Reach, Burlington 2 00
2nd, do P. McCulloch, jr., Burlington 1 00
Best five Alexander, J. D. Ross, Chatham 2 00
2nd, do F. Peck, Albury 1 00
Best five ^sopos Spitzenburg, J. D. Ross, Chatham 2 00
2nd, do R. J. Graham, Belleville 100
l-5est five Beauty of Kent, Geo. A. Weese, Albury 2 50
Best five Baldwin, G. C. Marshall, Chatham 2 00
2nd, do P. McCulloch, jr., Burlington 2 50
3rd, do J. D. Lutz, Stony Creek '. 1 00
4th, do J. D. Ross, Chatham 150
Best five Rhode Island Greening, G. C. Marshall, Chatham 2 .5o
2nd, do J. D. Lutz. Stony Creek 2 00
3rd, do P. McCulloch, jr., Burlington 1 00
4tli, do H. Marshall, Hamilton 1 OO
Best five Wagner, J. D. Lutz, Stony Creek li Oq
2nd, do P. McCulloch, jr., Burlington 1 00
Best five Yellow Bellflower, P. McCulloch, jr., Burlington 2 00
2nd, do H. Marshall, Hamilton 1 00
Best five King of Tompkins Co., G. C. Mar.shall, Chatham 2 00
2nd, do Clayton Field, Niagara 100
Best five Talman's Sweet, Jas. White, Leamington 2 00
2nd, do G. C. Marshall, Chatham 1 00
Best five Grimes' Golden, H. Marshall, Hamilton 2 00
2nd, do J. D. Ross, Chatham 100
Best five Seek-no-Further, F. Peck, Albury 2 00
2nd, do H. Marshall, Hamilton 1 00
Best five Roxbury Russet, J. D. Lutz, Stony Creek •. 2 50
2nd, do A. Reach, Burlington 2 00
3rd, do Clayton Field, Niagara 1 50
4th, do H. Lutz, Stony Creek 1 00
Best five Swaar, J. D. Ross, Chatham 2 00
2nd, do P. McCulloch, jr., Burlington 100
Best five Fallawater, .T. D. Lutz, Stony Creek 2 OO
2nd, do R. J. Graham. Belleville 100
Best five American Golden Russet, .J. D. Lutz, Stony Creek 2 50
2nd, do R. J. Graham, Belleville 2 00'
3rd, do Geo. A. Weese, Albury 1 50
4th, do G. C. Marshall, Chatham 1 00
Best five Swayzie Pomme Grise, F. Peck, Albury 2 50
2nd, do R. Currie, Niagara 2 OC
3rd, do ,T. D. Ross, Chatham 150
4th, do Geo. A Weese, Albury 1 00
Best five Pomme Grise, P. McCulloch, jr., Burlington 2 00
2nd, do R. J. Graham, Belleville 1 00
Best five Northern Spy G. C. Marshall, Chatham 2 50
'a. Reach. Burlington 2 00
P. McCulloch, jr. , Burlington 1 50
H. Mar.shall, Hamilton 1 00
Peck, Albury 2 00
C. Fearnside, Hamilton 1 00
Best five Wealthy, F. Peck, Albury 2 OO
2nd, do Geo. A. Weese, Albury 1 OO
Best five Scott's Russet, W. Hay, Delaware 2 OO
184
2nd,
do
3rd,
do
4th,
do
Best five
Jonathan,
F.
2nd,
do
E
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
Best five Ben Davis, P. McCuDoch, jr., Burlington $2 00
2nd, do Geo. A. Weese, Albury 1 00
Bt?st five any other variety (winter apple\ correctly named, J. D. Lutz, Stony Creek 2 OO
2nd, do do A. Reach, Burlington 1 00
Best five winter seedling apples, F. Peck, Albury 2 00
2nd, do D. Beattie, Wilton Grove 1 00
Best twelve varieties pears, five of each, G. J. Miller, Virgil 10 00
2nd, do C. H. Bampfylde, Hamilton 8 00
3rd, do H. Marshall, do 6 00
4th, do P. McCuUoch, jr., Burlington 4 00
Best six varieties pears, five of each, C. H. IJampfylde, Hamilton 4 00
2ud, do G. J. Miller, Virgil 2 00
Best five Kertland, R. Currie, Niagara 2 00
2ad, do Clayton Field, Niagara 1 00
Best five Clapp's Favorite, J. D. Lutz, Stony Creek 2 00
2iid, do P. McCuUoch, jr., tJurlingtoa 1 00
Best fibe Annas d'Ete. H. Marshall, Hamilton 2 00
Best five Tyson, P. McCulloch, jr., Burlington 2 00
2nd, do G. J. Miller, Virgil 1 00
Best five Bartletts, A. Glass, St. C;ithariiies 2 50
2nd, do A. Reach, Burlington 2 00
3rd, do P. McCulloch, jr., Burlington 150
4Lh, do A. Terryberry, lirinisby 1 00
Best five Seckel, A. Reach, Burlington 2 00
2nd, do C. H. Bamfylde, Hamilton 1 00
Best five Souvenir de Congress, J I). Lutz, Stony Creek , 2 00
2nd, do H. Lutz, do 1 00
Best five Louise Bonne de Jersey, A. Glass, St. Catharines 2 50
2nd, do A. Reach, Burlington 2 00
3rd, do R. Currie, iS'iagara 1 50
4th, do A. TeJTyberry, Grimsby 1 00
Best five Belle Lucrative, G. J. Miller, Virgil 2 00
2nd, do R. Currie, Niagara 1 00
Best five Beurre Bopc, C. H. Bampfylde, Hamilton 2 00
2nd, d.i R. Currie, Niagara 1 00
Best five Beurre Hardy, G. J. Miller, Virgil 2 50
2nd, do C. H. Bampfylde, Hamilton 2 00
3r(i, do J. U. Lutz, Stony Creek 150
4th, do J. D. Ross, Cliatham 100
Best five Goodale, A. Glass, St. Catharines 2 00
2nd, do A. Pay, " 100
Best five White Doyenne, A. Glass, St. Catharines 2 00
2nd, do A. Reacli, Burlington 1 00
Best five Sheldon, A. Terryberry, Grimsby 2 00
2nil, do A. Paj-, St. Catharines 1 00
Bi'st five General Negley, C. H. Bampfylde, Hamilton 2 00
2nd, do J. D. Lutz. Stony Creek 1 00
Best five Flemish Beauty, A. Read, Hamilton 2 .50
2nd, do A. Reach, Burlington 2 00
3rd, do J. D. Lutz, Stony Creek 1 50
4th, do A. Glass, St. Catharines 1 00
Best five Beurre Superfin, .J. D. Lutz, Stony Creek 2 50
2iid, do G. .T. Miller, Virgil 2 00
3rd, do II. Lutz, Stony Creek 1 50
4th, do A. Glas«, St. Cathaiines 1 00
Best five Duchess d'a Pitmaston, H. Marshall, Hamilton , 2 00
2nd, " do .J. D. Ross, Chatham 100
Best five Beurre Diel, H. Marshall, Hamilton 2 00
2nd, " C. H. Bampfylde, FLamilton 100
Best five Beurre d'Anjou, A. (rlass, St. Catharines 2 50
2nd, do A. Reach, Burlington 2 00
3rd, do G. .1. Miller, Virgil : 1 50
4th, do C. H. Bampfylde, Hamilton 1 00
Best five Beurre Clairgeau, H. Marshall, "Hamilton 2 00
2nd, do A. Terryberry, Grimsby 1 00
Best five Duchess d'Angouleme, A. Glass, St. Catharines 2 50
2nd, do -J. D. Lutz, Stony Creek 2 00
3i !, do G. .J. Miller, Virgil 150
4ih, do A. Tei ryberry, Grimsby 1 00
Best five Doyenne Boussock, A. Reach, Virgil 2 OO
2nd, do G. J. Miller, Burlington 1 00
Best five Grey Doyenne, H. Marshall, Hamilton 2 00
2nd, do 1 -. H. Bampfylde, Hamilton 1 00
Best five Swan's Orange, J. D. Lutz, Stony Creek 2 00
2nd, ilo H. Mar.shall, Hamilton , 1 00
Best five Beurre de I'Assomption, C. H. Bampfylde, Hamilton - 2 00
Best five any other variety of fall pear, correctly named, H. Marshall, Hamilton, 2 00
2nd, do do do A. Glass, St. Catharines 100
185
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
Best five seeding pears, fall, R. Currie, Niagara $j 00
2iid, do G. J. Miller, Virgil 1 00
Best five Mount Vernon, G. J. Miller, Virgil 2 00
:2nd, do A. Glass, St. Catharines ] dO
Best five Glout Morceau, G. J. Miller, Virgil 2 00
2nd, do E. C. Fearnside, Hamilton 1 00
Be-<t fi ve Beurre Gris d'Hiver Nouveau, G. J. Miller, Virgil 2 00
2nd, ■ do do A. Glass, St. Catharines 1 00
Best five Winter Nelis, C. H. Bampfylde, Hamilton :>. 50
2nd, do L. Fortner, Strathroy. . - 2 00
3rd, do G. J. Miller, Virgil 1 5o
4th, do R. Currie, Niagara 1 00
Best five Vicar of Winkfield, C. H. Bamiifylde, Hamilton 2 00
2nd, do H. Marshall, do 1 00
Best five Lawrence, G. .T. Miller, Virgil 2 50
2nd, do H. Marshall, Hamilton 2 00
3rd, do A. Reach, Burlington 1 50
4th, do R. Currie, Niagara 1 00
Best five of any other variety of winter pear, correctly named, C H. Bampfylde, Hamilton 2 00
2nd, do do do A. Terry berry, Grimsby 100
Best five soedlinj pears, winter, Geo. Cairns, Virgil 2 00
2nd, do do H. Lutz, Stony Creek 100
Extra.
Red Astrachan apples, .John Doyle, Lambeth.
CLASS XL VII.
Fruit— General List— Continued. 568 Entries.
Judges. — R. Y. Mabee, Vittoria ; D. Vanderwater, Chatterton.
Plums, Peaches, Grapes, etc.
Professional nurserymen excluded. Competitors can make only one entry, and receive only one
ipremium in each section.
Best SIX varieties plums, green or yelluw, correctly named, six of each, G. W. Cline, Winona. $4 00
2nd, do do do E. C. Fearnside, Hamilton . . 3 00
3rd, do do do H. Marshall, do . . 1 00
Best six varieties plums, red or blue, correctly named, six of each, A. Glass, St. Catharines 4 00
2Dd, do do do G. W. Cline, Winona 3 00
3rd, do do do H. Marshall, Hamilton 1 00
Best twelve Bradshaw, G. W. Cline, Winona 2 00
2nd, do H. Marshall, Hamilton 1 00
Best twelve Lombard, C. H. Bampfylde, Hamilton 2 00
2nd, do T. O. Veale, Hamilton 1 00
Best twelve Washington, H. Marshall, Hamilton 2 00
2nd, do G. W. Cline, Winona 100
Best twelve Victoria, A. Glass, St. Catharines 2 00
2nd, do" G. W. Cline, Winona 100
Best twelve Huling's Superb, G. W. Cline, Winona 2 00
2nd, do A. Glass, St. Catharines 100
Best twelve Coe's Golden Drop, J. D. Lutz, Stony Creek 2 00
2nd, do H. Marshall, Hamilton 100
Best twelve Yellow Egg plums, T. O. Veale, Hamilton 2 00
2nd, do H. Marshall, do .' 1 00
Best twelve Smith's Orleans, G. W. Cline, Winona 2 00
2nd, do E. C. Fearnside, Hamilton 1 00
Best twelve Green Gage, G. W. Cline, Winona 2 00
2nd, do J. D. Lutz, Stony Creek 100
Best twelve Imperial Gage, E. C. Fearnside, Hamilton 2 00
2nd, do H. Marshall, Hamilton 100
Best twelve McLaughlin, H. Marshall, do 2 00
Best twelve Pond's seedling, G. J. Miller, Virgil 2 00
2nd, do A. Glass, St. Catharines . . . '. , 1 00
Best twelve Glass Seedling, A. Glass, do 2 00
2nd, do G. W. Cline, Wiuona 1 00
Best twelve Fellenburg, H. Marshall, Hamilton ^. 2 00
2nd, do A. Glass, St. Catharines ! 1 00
186
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
Best twelve General Hand, E. C. Feamside, Hamilton §2 00
2nd, do G. W. Cline, Winona 1 00
Best twelve Jefiferson, E. C. Fearnside, Hamilton 2 00
2nd, do A. Glass, St. Catharines 100
B-i>t twelve Reine Claude de Ba vay, H. Marshall, Hamilton 2 00
2nd, do G. W. Cline, Winona 100
Best twelve dessert plums, one variety, correctly named, G. W. Cline, Winona 2 00
2n.l, do do E. C. Fearnside, Hamilton . . 1 00
Best twelve cooking plums, one variety, correctly named, A. Terryberry, Grimsby 2 00
2tid, do do E. C. Fearnside, Hamilton 1 00
Be>t twelve seedling plums, A. Gla-s, St. Catharines 2 00
•2n'], do E. C. Feirnside, Hamilton 100
Be-t ■iix varieties of peaches, correctly named, six of each, Clayton Field, Niagara 4 00
2nd, do do R. Currie, do 2 00
3rd,' do do G.J.Miller, do 100
Best six Early Crawfords, H. Marshall, Hamilton 2 00
2nd, do G. J. Miller, Virgil 1 00
Best six Late Crawfords, Clayton Field, Niag ira 2 00
2nd, do C. H. Bampfylde, Hamilton 100-
Best six peaches, any other variety, correctly named, R. Currie, Niagara 2 00
2nd, do do Clayton Field, Niagara 1 00
Best six peaches, white flssh, any other kind, correctly named, Clayton Field, Niagara 2 00
2nd, do do R. Currie, do 1 00
Best six peaches, yellow flesh, any other variety, correctly named, Clayton Field, Niagara 2 00
2nd, do do A. Glass, St. Catharines 100
Be.-t six seedling peaches, white flesh, Clayton Field, Niagara 2 00
2nd, do Geo. Cairns, Virgil 1 00
Best six seedling peaches, yellow flesh, J. Gardner, Hamilton 2 00
2nd, do J. G. Davis, do 1 00
Best collection of grapes grown in open air, twelve varieties, two bunches of each, A. Pay, St.
■Catharines 8 00
2nd, do A. Glass, St. Catharines 6 00
.3rd, do J. Gardner, Hamilton 4 00
4th, do G. W. Cline. Winona 2 00
Best six varieties of grapes (open air), two bunches of each, A. Pay, St. Catharines 5 00
2nd, do do Clayton Field, Niagara ; 3 00
-3rd, do do J. Gardner, Hamilton 2 00
Best two bunches Concord grapes, A. Pay, St. Catharines 2 00
2nd, do Clayton Field, Niagara 1 00
Be^t two bunches Delaware, A. Pay, St. Catharines 2 00
2nd, do . A. Terryberry, Grimsby 1 00
Best two bunches Moore's Early, J. Gardner, Hamilton 2 00
2nd, do H Marshall, do 100
Be-t two bunches Diana, A. Terryberry. Grimsby 2 00
2nd, do J. Gardner, Hamilton 1 00
Best two bunches Roger's 3, J. Gardner, Hamilton 2 00
2nd, do A. Pay, St. Catharines 1 00
Best two bunches Roger's 4, A. Fay, do 2 00
■2nd, do J. Gardner, Hamilton 1 00
]Be<!t two bunches Roger's 9, A. Pay, St Catharines 2 00
2nd, do J. Gardner, Hamilton 1 00
Be<t two bunches Roger's 15, J. Gardner, do 2 00
2nd, do A. Pay, St. Catharines 100
Be.st two bunches Koger's 19, J. Gardner, Hamilton 2 00
2nd, do A. Glass, St. Catharines 1 00
Best two bunches Roger's 44, J. Gardner, Hamilton 2 00
:2nd, do A. Glass, St. Catharines 1 00
BesC two bunches Empire State, A. Pay, do • 2 00
Best two bunches Salem, H. Marshall, Hamilton •. 2 00
2nd , do A. Glass, St. Catharines 1 00
Best two bunches Eumelan, -J. Gardner, Hamilton 2 00
Best two bunches Hartford Prolific, J. Gardner, Hamilton 2 00
2nd, do C. H. Bampfylde, Hamilton 1 00
Best two bunches lona, J. Gardner, Hamiltim 2 00
2nd, do A. Terryberry, GrirasVjy 1 00
Best two bunches Brighton, J. Gardner, Hamilton 2 00
Best two bunches Allan's Hybrid, J. Gardner, Hamilton 2 00
Bsst two bunches White Niagara, A. Pay, St. Catharines 2 00
2nd, do R. Currie, Niagara 1 00
Best two bunches Burnet, J. Gardner, Hamilton 2 00
Best two bunches Pocklington, A. Pay, St. Catharines 2 00
2nd, do J. D. Lutz, Stony Creek 1 00
Best two bunches Worden, J. Gardner, Hamilton 2 00
2nd, do A. Pay, St. Catharines 100
Best two bunches Prentice, F. L. Harris, Woodstock 2 00
2nd, do A. Pay, St. Catharines 100
Best two bunches Martha, H. Marshall, Hamilton 2 00
2nd, do C. H. Bampfylde, do 100
187
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
Best two bunches any other variety, J. Gardner, Hamilton $2 00
2nd, do A Terryberry, Grimsby 1 00
Best collection grapes grown under glass, six varieties, one bunch each, correctly named, A. Gould,
Loudon 8 00
2nd, do T. H. Parker, Woodstock 6 00
3rd. do W. Vroman, Oxford Centre 4 00
Best two bunches Black Hamburg, A. Gould, London 2 00
2nd, do T. H. Parker, Woodstock 1 00
Best two biinches black grapes, any other variety, A. Gould, London 3 00
2nd, do do T. H. Parker, Woodstock 2 00
3rd, do do W. Vroman, Oxford Centre 1 00
Best two bunches red grapes, any other variety, W. Vroman, Oxford Centre 2 00
Best two bunches white grapes, grown under glass, correctly named, A. Gould, London 3 00
2nd, do do T. H. Parker, Woodstock 2 00
3rd, do do W. Vroman, Oxford Centre ... 1 00
Best six Nectarines, named, G. J. Miller, Virgil 3 00
2nd, do R. Currie, Niagara 2 00
Best six quinces, R. Currie, Niagara 2 00
2nd, do Clayton Field, Niagara 1 00
Best green flesh melon, A. Pay, 8t. Catharines 2 00
2nd, do Samuel Poj)e, London 1 00
B "St red or scarlet flesh melon, A. Swaliield, Union 2 00
2nd, do Samuel Pope, London 1 00
Best water melon, A. Swaffield, Union 2 00
2nd, do J. Sutton, Union 1 00
Best citron, W. H. K. Talbot, The Gore 2 00
2nd, do A. Swafiield, Union 1 00
Best quart i;ncultivated native wild plum, A. Terryberry, Grimsby 2 00
Best three clusters uncultivated native wild grape, A. Terryberry, Grimsby 2 00
Best four varieties cultivated crab, twelve each, J. D. Ross, Chatham 2 OO
2nd, do ' do E. C. Fearnside, Hamilton , 1 00
Best largest and best collection cultivated crab, Geo. Cairns, Virgil 4 00
2nd, do do J. D. Ross, Chatham 2 00
Best dried or evaporated apples half bushel, Wm. Oudenhoffer, London 2 00
2nd, do F. Peck, Albury 100
COLLECTIONS.
Open to all, professional or amateur. Open also to Agricultural or Horticultural Societies, or to any
one or any number of allied individuals desirious of competing, one individual only to pay entry fee.
Twelfth rule not to apply.
Applks.
Best collection of forty varieties, five of each, J. D. Lutz, Stony Creek $10 00
2nd, do do P. McCulloch, jr., Burlington 6 00
3rd, do do H. Marshall, Hamilton 4 00
Pears.
Best collection of twenty varieties, named, five of each, C H. Bampfylde, Hamilton 8 00
2nd, do do H. Marshall, Hamilton ! 6 OO
3rd,' do do W. A. Holton, Hamilton 4 00
Plcms.
Best collection of twenty varieties, named, six of each, G. W. Cline, Winona 8 00
2nd, do do W. A. Holton, Hamilton 6 00
3rd,' do do H. Marshall, Hamilton 4 OO
Pe.-vches.
Best collection of twelve varieties, named, six of each, G. J. Miller, Virgil 8 00
2nd, do do Smith & Kernan, St. Catharines 6 00
3rd,' do do Clayton Field, Niagara 4 00
Gkapes — Grown in the open air.
Best collection of twenty varieties, named, two bunches of each, J. Gardner, Hamilton 8 00
Ind, do do G. W. Cline, Winona 6 OO
3rd, do do H. Mar?hall, Hamilton 4 OO
1S8
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
CLASS XLVIII.
Garden Vegetables. 510 Entries.
Judges. — C. H. Bampfylde, Hamilton ; Robt. Anderson, Gananoque.
Best beans, wax podded, quart, J. G. Davis, Hamilton $2 00
2nd, do Thos. O. Veale, Hamilton 1 50
3rd, do John Sutton, Union 1 00
Be.>*t beets, long blood, six, A. Swaffield, L) nion 2 00
2nd, do J. B. Swaffield, Union 150
3rd, do W. H. K. Talbot, The Gore ; 100
Best beets, turnip, six, A. Burns, St. Mary's 2 00
2n.', do Thos. Heaslip, Ealing 1 50
3rd, do Thos. Olde, Union : 1 00
Best Brussels sprouts, three, Lottie Griffin, London 2 00
2nd, do W. H. K. Talbot, The Gore '.'.'.'. 150
3rd, do Chas. Scott, Melville Cross 1 00
Best cabbage, greea curled Savoy, three heads, John Sutton, Union 2 00
2ii ', do do Thos, Olde, Union ., l 50
B<-st cabbage. Drumhead Savoy, three heads, Thos. Olde, Union 2 00
2iid, do do John Sutton, Union 1 50
Best cabbage, I >rumhead Winter, three heads, Thos. Olde, Union 2 00
2nrl, do do J. Sutton, Union 1 50
3rd , do do Saml. Pope, Union 1 00
Besu cabbage, Henderson's Early Summer, three heads, Thos. Olde, Union 2 00
2nd, do do John Sutton, Union 1 50
■3rd, do do Saml. Pope, Union 1 00
Best cabbage, Winningstadt, three heads, Thos. Olde, Union • 00
2nd, do do John Sutton, Union 1 50
-3rd, do do .John Lackey, London 1 00
Best cabbage, red, three heads, Thos. Olde, Llnion ; 2 00
2riri. do .John Sutton, Union 1 50
3rd, do J. B. Swaffield, Union .... 1 00
Best Scotch Kale, three heads, Thos. Hyslop, Ealing 2 00
2ud, do Lottie Griffin, London 1 ,50
3rd, do Abel Steele, Ferguson 1 00
Best cauliflow. three heads, John Lackey, London 2 00
2nd, do Abel Steele, Ferguson 1 50
Srd, do Sam'l. Pope, London 1 00
Best capsicums, large red, six, Clayton Field, Nia^rara 2 00
2nd, do E. A. Jones, Kertch 1 50
Srd, do 'W , H, K, Talbot, The Gore \^''''''^''. 1 00
Best capsicums, collection, three of each, named, Saml. Pope, London 3 00
2nd, do do Geo. Cai rns, Virgil 2 00
Srd, do ^o . . W. H. K. Talbot, The (iore 100
Best carrot. Early Horn, six, Geo. Cairns, Virgil 2 00
2nd, do John Sutton, Union . . 1 50
Srd, do A. & R. Hyslop, White Oak ; . ...!!'..!!.';;;! 1 00
Best carrot, intermediate, stump rooted, six, W, H. K. Talbot, The Gore 2 00
2nd, do do Thos. Hy.slop, Ealing 1 50
3rd, do ■ do Chas. Scott, Melville Cro.ss. . .' 100
Best carrot, intermediate, pointed, six, Chas. Scott, Melville Cross 2 00
2nd, do W. H. K. Talbot, The Gore '.!'.'.'.!'.!".'.'.'.'. 1 50
3rd, do A. Swaffield, Union 1 OO
Best carrot, long red, six, W. H. K. Talbot, The Gore ' _ 2 00
2nd, do Sam'l. Pope, London '. 1 50
-3rd, do John Sutton, Union 1 00
Best celery, white, six heads, Sam'l, Hope, London 9 oO
2nd, do W. H. K. Talbot, The Gore .'..'.'.'!!.'.'.!!!..'.'."; 150
-Srd, do Abel Steele, Ferguson 1 oO
Best celery, red, si.x heads, Sam'l, Pope, London . ''00
2nd, do W, H. K. Talbot, The Gore .'.'.'.'.'.'!.'!.'.'.!.',' 150
Best celery, Paris Golden Yellow, six heads, Abel Steele, Ferguson " 2 00
2nd, do do W, H. K. Talbot, The Gore V. ! ! !! ! ! .' ! ! ! 1,50
Srd, do do Saml. Pope, London 1 00
Best cucumber, pickling, quart, A. Burns, St. Mary's 2 00
2nd, do W. H. K, Talbot, The Gore '.!.!..!!',",!!!'.'.!'.'. 150
3rd, do Geo. Cairns, Virgil 1 qo
Best corn, six ears sweet corn, fit for the table, Geo. Cairns, Virgril 2 00
2nd, do do A. Swaffield, Union 1 50
■3rd, do do A. W, Graham, St, Thomas ]]] 1 QQ
Best onions. Red Wethersfield, six, Abel Steele, Ferguson ' 2 00
2nd, do Geo, < !airns, Virgil 1 50
Srd, do W. Hay, Delaware 1 OQ
189
Victoria. Sessional Pa])er8 (No. 8). A 1890
Best onions, Yellow Globe Danvers, six, Geo. Cairns, Virgil
2nd, do Tiios. Hyslop, Ealing
3rd do A. Reach, Burlington
Best onions. Mammoth Italian, sorts, six, Abel Steele, Ferguson
2nd do Saml. Pope, London
3rd,' do F. Peck, Al bury.
Best onions, potato, six, W. H. K. Talbot, The Gore
2nd, do A. Swaffield, Union
3rd, do Geo. Cairns, Virgil ...
Best onions, white, pickling, quart, J. G. Davis, Hamilton
2nd do T. O. Veale, Hamilton
3r(l,' do W. Hay, Delaware
l^est leeks, six, Chas. Scott, Melville Cross
2nd, do Sam'l. Pope, London
3rd, do 'I'hos. Hyslop, Ealing
Best three egg plant, fruit (purple), Abel Steele, Ferguson
2nd do Sair.'l. Pope, London
3rd 'do A. Burns, St. Mary's
Best parsnips, six, hollow crown, John Lackey, London
2nd do Chas. Scott, Melville Cross
3rd,' do Abel Steele, Ferguson
Best radish, rose winter, twelve, W. H. K. Talbot, The Gore
2nd, do Geo. (^airns, Virgil
Best radish, long scarlet summer, twelve, A. Swaffield, Union
2nd do do John Lackey, London
Bes't salsify, six, John Lackey, London
2iid, do Gt'o. Cairns, Virgil .
3id, do W. H. K. Talbot, The Gore
Best squash, Hubbard, three, R. Whetter, London
2nd, do .John Lackey, London
3td,' do R. Fletcher, London
Best turnips, white garden, table varieties, six, John Scott, London
2nd do do Chas. Scott, Melville Cross
3rd ' do do J. McConnell, London
Bes't turnips, yellow garden, table varieties, six, Thos. Hyslop, P]aling
2nd do do Chas. Scott, Melville Cross
3rd,' do do W. H. K. Talbot. The Gore
Bes't tomatoes. Trophy, six, E. C. Fearnside, Hamilton
2nd, do Geo. Cairns, Virgil
3rd,' do Thos. Olde, Union
Bes't tomatoes, Livingstone's Beauty, six, Wm. Taylor, Glanworth
2,id do L. G. Jarvis, Port Stanley ,
3r(j,' do Geo. Cairns, Virgil
Bes't tomatoes. Acme, six, Geo. Cairns, Virgil
2nd, do J. McComiell, London
3rd,' do Thos. Olde, Union ^ . . . .
Best tomatoes. Dwarf Champion, six, J. McConnell, London
2nd, do Thos. Hyslop, Ealing
3rcl do L. G. Jarvis, Port Stanley
Best tomatoes, Livingstone's Perfection, Thos. Hyslop, Ealing
2nd do Branston & Deadman, Lambeth
3r(j ' do E. C. Fearnside, Hamilton
Best tomatoes. Mikado, L. G. Jarvis, Port Stanley
2nd, do Wm. Taylor, Glanworth
3rd,' do Abel Steele, Ferguson
Best tomatoes, large yellow, six. Thos Olde, Union
2nd do J. G. Davis, Hamilton
3rd ' do , A. Burns, St. Mary's
Best tomatoes, any other variety not specified, six, Thos. Olde, Union
2nd do do L. (i. Jarvis, Port Stanley
3rd ' do do Lottie Cxriffin, London
Be.s't tomatoes, assorted collection, three of each, named, L. G. Jarvis, Port Stanley
2nd, do do Geo. Cairns, Virgil
3rd' do do E. C. Fearnside, Hamilton
Best four varieties garden potatoes, peck of each, W. H. K. Talbot, The Gore
2nd do do Sam'l. Pope, London
3rd ' do do A. Swaffield, Union
Best collection sweet pot herbs, Lottie Griffin, London .
')nd do Chas. Scott, Melville Cross
3rd,' do W. H. K. Talbat, The Gore
Bes't collection of garden vegetables, not exceeding twenty-five varieties, W. H. K. Talbot, The Gore.
2j,d do do do Sam'l. Pope, London
3rd ' do do do Abel Steele, Ferguson
Extras.
Orange Marrow squash, John Lackey, London.
Sunflower, W. IL F. Bartlett, London.
190
82 00
1 50
1 GO
2 00
1 50
1 00
2 00
1 50
1 00
2 00
1 50
1 00
2 00
1 50
1 00
2 00
1 50
1 00
2 00
1 50
1 00
2 00
1 00
2 00
1 00
2 00
1 50
1 00
2 OO
1 50
1 00
2 OO
1 .50
1 OO
2 00
1 50
1 00^
2 00
1 50-
1 00
2 OO
1 00-
0 50
2 00-
1 00
0 .50-
2 00
1 00
0 r.o-
2 01)
1 00-
0 50'
2 00
1 00
0 50
2 OO'
1 00'
0 50
2 00>
1 00
0 50'
3 00
2 00
1 OO
3 00
2 00-
1 00
3 GO
2 00
1 00
6 00
4 00-
2 OC
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
CLASS XLIX.
Plants and Cut Flowers. 453 Entries.
Judges — B. Gott, Arkona ; T. Partridge, London ; Geo. Cairncross, London.
Best greenhouse plants, eighteen distinct species, in bloom, W. S. & C. M. Greenaway, London West. .$10 00
2nd, do do E. Welh, L(indou.' (i 00
Best greenhouse plants, six distinct species, in bloom, E. Well.', London 4 00
2nd, do flo J. Gammage & Sons, London '. . 3 00
3rd, do do A. Burns, St. Mary's 2 00
Best foliage plants, twelve distinct species (Coleus excluded), E. Well-i, London 6 00
2nd, do do VV. S. & C. M. Greenaway, London W. 4 00
3rd, do do John Stott, London 2 00
Best coleus, twelve distinct varieties, in ten inch pots, Sani'l. Pope, London 6 00
2nd, do do J. Gaininage & Sons, London J 00
3rd, do do E. Wells, London J 00
Best carnations, six varieties, E. Wells, London ;> 00
Best cacti, twelve varieties, W. S. & C. M. Greenaway, London West ;■> 00
2nd, do E. Wells, London 2 00
Best Caladiums, fancy, six varieties, G. Anderson, Hamilton 3 00
Best Fuchsias, (5 varieties, (3 single, 3 double), W. S. & C M. (Jreenaway, London west 4 00
2nd, do do E. Wells, London 3 00
Best Ferns, foreign, 6 varieties, E. Wells, London 4 00
2nd, do W, S. & C. M. (Jreenaway, London west 3 00
Best Begonias, flowering, six varieties, one of each, J. Gammage & Sons, London , 4 00
■-'nd, do do E. Wells, London 3 00
3rd, do do VV. S. & C. M. Greenaway, London west 2 OO
Be^t Begonias, tuberous rooted, six varieties, one of each, J. (iammage & Sons, London 4 00
2nd, do do E. Wells, London SCO
3rd, do do VV. S. & C. M. Greenaway, London west . . 2 00
Best Roses, tender, in pots, six varieties, J. Gammage & Sons, London 4 00
2nd, do do E. Wells, London 3 00
3rd, do do W. S. & O. M. Greenaway, London west 2 00
Best Balsams, pot grown, six varieties, J. H. Robert.-, Stratford ■ • 3 00
2nd, dii do J. Gammage & Sons, London i! 00
3rd, do do Sam'l Pope, London .... 1 00
Best Hanging baskets, two, W. S. & C. M. Greenaway, London west 3 00
2iid, do E. Wells, London ... 2 00
3rd, do John Stott, London 1 00
Best Geraniums, single, six distinct varieties, Samuel Pope, London 4 00
2nd, do do E. Wells, London 3 00
3rd, do do J. Gammage & Sons, London 2 00
Best Geraniums, double, six distinct varieties, Samuel Pope, London 4 00
2nd, do do E. Wells, London 3 OO
3rd, do do J. Gammage & Sons, London 2 OO
Best Geraniums, silver and golden, six distinct varieties, E. Wells, London 3 00
2nd, do do John Srott, London 2 00
3rd, do do W. S. & C. M. Greenaway, London west. . . 1 00
Best Tuberoses, six, in bloom, E Wells, London 3 qO
2nd, do J. Gammage & Sons, London 2 00
Best Petunias, six, (three single, three double), Lottie Griffin, London ,' 3 oO
2nd, do do J. Gammage & Sons, London 2 00
3rd, do do E. West, London 1 00
Best Gloxinias, six distinct varieties, J. Gammage & Sons, London ' ' ' 4 OO
2nd, do Wm. Warner, London 3 00
3rd, do E. Wells, London " ' ' * 2 00
Best display of plants in flower, pot grown, distinct from other entries, not less than eighteen or
more than twenty-four varieties, W. S. & C. M. (Greenaway, London west 8 00
2nd, do E. Wells, London 6 00
3rd, do J. Gammage & Sons, London 4 00'
Cut Flowers.
Best Dahlias, standard, twelve varieties, one of each, G. Anderson, Hamilton 3 00
2nd, do do A. Reid, Hamilton \ 2 00
3rd, do do T. Trigger, St. Thomas 1 00
Best Dahlias, bouquet, twelve varieties, one of each, A. Reid, Hamilton 3 00
2nd, do do G. Anderson, Hamilton 2 00
3rd, do do A. Burns, St. Mary's 1 00
Best Dahlias, twenty-five varieties, one of each, G. Anderson, Hamilton 4 00
2nd, do do A. Reid, Hamilton 3 00
3rd, do do T. Trigger, St. Thomas 2 00
Best Boquet, large vase, without frame, J. Gammage & Sons, London .... " 3 00
2nd, do J. Brisbin, Mitchell '.'..'.' 3 qO
3rd, do E. West, London ' _ j qO
191
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
Best Bouquet, hand, with paper, W. S & C. M. Greenaway, London west $3 00
5?nd, do J, Gammage & Sons, London 2 00
3rd, do E. West, London 1 00
Best Bouquet, everlasting, natural flowers, T. O. Veale, Hamilton 4 00
2nd, do E. West, London 3 00
3rd, do A. Burns, St. Mary's 2 00
Best Bouquet, wild flowers, E. Wells, London . . ... 3 00
2nd, do A. C. Johnston, Askin 2 00
3rd, do J. Brisbin, Mitchell 100
Best Pansies, twelve varieties, Chas. Scott, Melville Cross 2 00
2nd do T. O. Veale, Hamilton 1 50
3rd, do E. Wells, London ^ 1 00
Best Pansies, twenty-five varieties, J. G. Davis, Hamilton 3 00
2nd do Geo. Burchett, London 2 00
3rd.' do Uhas. Scott, Melville Cross... 100
Best collection of annuals, named, in bloom, Chas. Scott, Melville Cross 5 00
2nd do do S. E. Partridge, London 4 00
3id,' do do E. West, London 2 00
Bi^-t't \sters, twe] ve varieties, one of each, J. Brisbin, Mitchell 3 00
2nd do T. O. Veale, Hamilton 2 00
3rd,' do J. F. Welsh, Stratford 1 00
Best Stocks, ten weeks, twelve varieties, one of each, J. H. Roberts, Stratford 2 00
2nd do do Chas. Scott, Melville Cross 150
3rd,' do do A. Gillick, Mitchell 100
Bast MariTolds, twelve varieties, one of each, G. Anderson, Hamilton 2 00
2nd, do do A. Reid, Hamilton 150
l■^^.^\ ' do do A. Terryberry, Grimsby 1 00
Be-i't collection hybrid perpetual roses, not less than .six varieties, one of each, named, J. Gardner,
Hamilton 4 00
2nd, do Wm. Warner, London 3 00
2rd do G. Anderson, Hamilton 2 00
Best collection of Bourbon, Tea, Noisette roses, twelve varieties, named, J. Gammage & Sons, Lon. 4 00
2rid do do W. S & C. M. Greenaway, London west.. 3 00
Be <t Roses, three, any variety, named, W. S. & C. M. Greenaway, London west 2 00
2nd do J. Gammage & Sons, London 1 50
3j.d 'do E. Wells, London 1 00
Bes't floral design for supper table in glass or plated ware, Mrs. Woodliffe, London 4 00
2nd do do .r. Gammage & Sons, London 3 00
3j.fj ' do do W. S. & C. M. Greenaway, London west. 2 00
Bes't Verbenas, best collection, one of each, J. H. Roberts, Stratford 3 00
2nd do J. Gammage & Sons, London 2 00
3rd ' do Chas. Scott, Melville Cross 1 00
Best Verbenas, twelve varieties, one of each, J. F. Welsh, Stratford 2 00
2nd do J. H. Roberts, Stratford 1 50
3i,(j' do A. Reid. Hamilton 100
Bes't Petunias, six, double, distinct varieties, A. Reid, Hamilton 2 00
2nd do G. Anderson, Hamilton 1 50
3rd ' do J- Brisbin, Mitchell 1 00
Bes't Petunias, six, single, distinct varieties, A. Reid, Hamilton 2 00
.) ,,1 do G. Anderson, Hamilton 1 50
3i.jJ do A. Gillick, Mitchell 100
Best Petunias, collection, not less than twelve, one of each, A. Reid, Hamilton 3 00
2{jrl do do G. Anderson. Hamilton 2 00
3j.j|' do do Chas, Scott, Melville Cross 100
Bes't Dianthus, collection, one of each, Chas Scott, Melville Cross ... 3 00
2nd do Lottie Griffin, London • ■ 2 00
3j.d ' do E. West, London 1 00
Bes't Phlox Drummondii, collection, one of each, Chas. Scott, Melville Cross 3 00
.2nd do T. O. Veale, Hamilton 2 00
3j.(j' do J- H. Roberts, Stratford 1 00
Bes't Phlox Perennial, twelve distinct varieties, Geo. Burchett, London 3 00
9„ri do E. C. Fearnside, Hamilton 2 00
^rd' do J- H. Roberts, Stratford 1 00
Best Hollyhocks, twelve distinct varieties, T. O. Vp.nle, Hamilton 2 00
2nd do .LH. Roberts, Stiatford 150
3j,^j' do '^- Anderson, Hamilton 1 00
Best Gladiolus, twenty-four distinct varieties, W. E. Flannigan, Kingston 4 00
2nd do Lottie Griffii), I^ondon 3 00
3j,j ' do Wm. Warner, London 2 00
Be.s't Gladiolus, six distinct varieties, Lottie Griffin, London 2 00
► 2nd do Geo. Burchett, London 1 50
3j,^ ' do Wm. Warner, London 1 00
Bes't Zinnias, twelve distinct varieties, T. O. Veale, Hamilton 2 00
2nd do A. Terryberry, Grimsby 1 50
3rd ' do A. Reid, Hamilton 1 00
, Best basket cut flowers, A. Terryberry, Grimsby 3 00
2nd do Mrs. Woodliffe, London ^ oU
3j.d ' do W. S. & C. M. Greenaway, London west 1 00
192
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
"Best wreath white flowers, A. Terryberry, Grimsby $3 00
2nd, do J. Gammage & Sons, London 2 00
3rd, do Mrs. Woodlifife, London 1 00
Best border bouquet for hand, with paper, J. Ganunage & Sons, London . 3 00
2nd, dc E. West, London 2 00
Best geraniums, twelve double, twelve single, J. Gammage & Sons. London 3 00
2nd, do E. C. Fearnside, Hamilton 2 00
.3rd, do E. Weils, London 1 00
Best collection of cut flowers, annuals, biennials and perennials, largest and best display, correctly
named, Chas. Scoti, Melville Cross 8 00
•2nd, do E. West, London 6 00
3rd, do S. E. Partridge, London 4 00
Extras .
Highly Commended. — New variety French cannas in bloom, Geo. Burchett, London.
Highly Commended. — Floral Harp, Mrs. Woodliffe, London.
ARTS AND MANUFACTURES DEPARTMENT.
CLASS L.
Fine Arts, Oils. 192 Entries.
Professional or Amateui — (Originals).
Judges. — R. R. Bland, London; Wm. Armstrong, Toronto.
All views from nature, in any section of this or the next class, to have attached the name of locality,
or other necessary particulars, where view was obtained.
Manufactured articles, or works of art, which have been awarded prizes at any previous Provincial
Exhibition, shall not be entered in competition for the prizes named in the prize list for this year, but shall
be awarded diplomas if, in the opinion of the Judges, such articles are superior to any others exhibited,
and are deemed worthy of the same.
Best animals from life, R. R. Osgoode, St. Thomas $8 00
2nd, do S. K. Davidson, London 4 00
Best flowers or fruit, W. L. Judson, London 6 00
2nd. do J. R. Seavey, London . . . . : 3 00
Best fign^re or historical subject, Paul Peel, London 10 00
2nd, do W. L . Judson, London 5 00
Best landscape, Canadian subject, W. L. Judson, London 8 00
2nd, do S. K. Davidson, London 5 00
Best landscape or marine painting, not Canadian subject, S. K. Davidson, London 8 00
2nd, do do W. L. Judson, London 4 00
Best marine painting, Canadian subject, S. K. Davidson, London 8 00
2nd, do W. L. Judson, London 4 00
Best portrait, W. L. Judson, London 9 00
2nd, do S. K, Davidson, London 6 00
Best still life, not flowers or fruit, J. R. Seavey, London . 6 00
2nd, do E. M. Gunn, London 5 00
Amateur List— Oils— (Copies).
Best any subject, Amy Buckle, London 5 00
2nd, do C. B. Bayly, London 3 00
Best animals from life, Mrs. A. Crane, London 5 00
2nd, do A. C. Johnston, Askin 3 00
Best fipxire subject, Mrs. C. W. Davis, London 5 00
2nd, do M Neilson, London 3 OO
Best flowers or fruit. Miss Menshall, Kingston 5 00
2nd, do Miss E. Seaborn, London 3 00
Best portrait. Miss D. Moscrip, St. Mary's 5 00
2nd, do C. B. Bayly, London 3 00
Best still life, not flowers or fruit, Maggie Mills, London 5 00
2nd, do Mrs. A. Crane, London 3 00
13 (A. A.) 193
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
Extras.
Lightning painting in oils, J. S. Hutchinson, Toronto.
Painting on ivorine transparent, J. Chas. Poper, Ottawa.
Charcoal drawing, Maggie Mills, London, $5.00.
Marine view, Mrs. C. W. Davis, London, $5.00.
Landscape view, Mrs. C. W. Davis, London.
Part 2. — Porcelain Decorations.
Best painting on porcelain, professional Canadian work, three pieces, J. R. Seavey, London $5 GO
2nd, do do Annie Heaslip, Toronto 3 00
Best painting on porcelain, amateur Canadian work, three pieces, M. Nelson, London 5 00
2nd, do do Miss E. Seaborn, London 3 GO
CLASS LI.
Fine Arts— Water Colors, Crayons, etc.
Professional List — ( Originals).
' Water Colors. 243 Entries.
Judges. — R. R. Bland, London ; Wm. Armstrong, Toronto.
(Definition same as in previous class.)
Best animals from life, W. L. Judson, London $5 GO
2nd do J. R. Seavey, London 3 GO
Best flowers or fruit, W. L. Judson, London 5 GO
2nd do Jas. Griffith, do 3 00
Best figure or historical subject, J. R. Seavey, London 5 GO
2nd do W. L. Judson do 3 GO
Best landscape, Canadian subject, W. L. Judson, London. 6 GO
Best landscape or marine view, not Canadian subject, W. L. Judson, London 5 GO
Best marine view, Canadian subject, W. L. Jndson, London 6 00
Best still life, not flowers or fruit J. R. Seavey, London 5 GO
2nd do C. H. Mountcastle, Clinton 3 GO
Part 2 — Amateur List — (Originals).
(Definitions same as in previous class).
Best, any subject, J. G. Geeson, London $5 00
2nd do Miss Menshall, Kmgston S m
Srd do A. C. Johnston, Askin 2 00
Best flowers or fruit. Miss E. Seaborn London 5 00
2nd do Thos. W. Elliott do 3 00
Best landscape or marine view, Canadian subject. Amy Buckle, London 6 GO
2jj(J do do A. C. Johnston, Askin 4 GO
Part 3 — Amateur List— {Copies),
Best animals, grouped or single. Miss E Seaborn London . . $3 00
2jjjJ do Mrs. N. T. Kettlewell, London 2 00
Bpst flowers or fruit, A. C. Johnston, Askin . . . . 3 00
2nd do E. Harper, London ^ Gw
Best figure or historical subject. Miss E. Seaborn, London 3 00
2nd do Annie M. Belton, the Grove 2 00
Best landscape, A. C. Johnston, Askin 3 00
2nd do Miss Menshall, Kingston ^ UU
Best marins view, Mrs. Field, London 3 00
2nd do A. C. Johnston, Askin -s wt>
Best still life, not flowers or fruit, E. H. Griffiths, London 3 00
2jjd do A. C. Johnston, Askin ^00
Pest collection of decorated porcelain, Canadian work, open to all, M. Neilson, London 8 00
2 ? do do Annie Heaslip, Toronto 5 GO
194
63 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 18JO
CuAYON, Pencil, Sepia, and Pen and Ink Sketch.
Part 1— Professional List — (Originals).
(Definitions same as in previous class).
Best crayon, colored, J. R. Seavey, London $3 00
2nd do W. L. Judson do 2 00
Best crayon; plain, A. Kirkwood, Ottawa 3 00
2nd do Edy Bros., London 2 00'
Best pen and ink sketch, Jas. Griffiths, London 3 00
2nd do W. H. Horsman, Brantford 2 00
Best pencil drawing (not crayon) Jas. Griffiths, London 3 00
Best sepia drawing, Jas. Griffiths, London 3 OO'
2nd do J. R. Seavey do 2 00^
Part 2 — Amateur List — (Originals).
(Definitions same as in previous class).
Bast crayon, colored, Mrs. A. C. Fisher, Glanworth 3 00
2nd do Ed. Gower, London 2 00
Best crayon, plain. Miss Menshall, Kingston , 3 00
2nd do A. C. Johnston, Askin 2 Oq
Best pencil drawing (not crayon) M. A. Judson, London 3 00
2nd do Thos. W. Elliott do ,,', 2 00
Best pen and ink sketch. Walker Hall, London 3 00
2nd do Mrs. A. Crane do • 2 00
Best se; ia drawing, Mrs. Field, London , 3 00^
2nd, do Thos. W. Elliott, London \\ ,\ 2 00
Best Xmas cards, hand painted, Mrs. W. Just, London 3 00
2nd, do M. Burnett, London 2 00
Part 3 — Amateur i^ist— (Copies).
Best crayon, colored, E. H. Griffiths, London. . 3 00
2nd, do M. A. Judson, London 2 00
Best crayon, plain, Miss Menshall, Kingston 3 00
2nd, do M. Neilson, London 2 00
Best pen and ink sketch. Miss E. Seaborn, London 3 QO
2nd, do Walker Hall, London 2 00
Best pencil drawing (not crayon), Mrs. A. Crane, London , 3 00
2nd, do E. H. Griffiths, London 2 CO
Best sepia drawing, Mrs. W. Just, London 3 00
Extra Entries.
Collection decorated porcelain, printed process — Pigot & Bryan, London.
Monochrome painting— Mrs. W. Just, London.
Drawing from Antique, " Hebe " — J. E. Geeson, London.
Special prize given by W.Weld, Esq., Farmer's Advocate, to the best original pencil drawing of rural
Canadian scenery.
Ist prize, J. K. Davidson, London $20 00
2nd, do J. P. Hunt, London 10 00
3rd, do Helen Boyer, London 5 oo
The following prizes are open only to pupils of High Schools and Collegiate Institutes for work done
from the object while in attendance at school.
Best pencil drawing, H. W. Forsy the, London $3 00
2nd, do J. S. 0. Higgins, London 2 00
Best crayon, colored, J. S. O. Higgins, London 3 00
Best crayon, plain, J. S. O. Higgins, London 3 oO
2nd, do C. N. Abbott, London 2 00
195
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
CLASS LII.
Penmanship, Linear Drawing, Photographing, Engraving, Maps, Statuary, Etc. 59 Entries.
Judges. — R. R. Bland, London ; Wm. Armstrong, Toronto.
Part 1— Penmanship, Geometrical, Architectural and Mechanical Drawings, Engravings, Lithography, Etc.
Best drawings, architectural, geometrical and perspective view. Walker Hall, London ' $4 00
Best drawing, geometrical, of engine or mill work, colored. Walker Hall, London 4 00
2nd, do do R. W. Angus, Loudon 2 00
Best penmanship, business hand, without flourishes, D. McLachlan, Chatham 4 00
2nd, do do J. W. Weatervelt, London 2 00
Best penmanship, ornamental (not pen and ink pictures), D. McLachlan, Chatham 4 00
2nd, do do J. W. Westervelt, London 2 00
Part 2 — Photography, Lithography, Engravings and Etchings, Printed Maps and Atlases.
Best photograph portraits, collection of, in duplicate, one set colored, Edy Bros., London 6 00
Best photograph portraits, collection of plain, Edy Bros., London 5 00
Best photograph landscapes and views, collection of, Edy Bros., London 5 00
Best photograph portrait, finished in oil, S. K. Davidson, London 5 00
Best photograph portrait, finished in India ink, A. Kirkwood, Ottawa 4 00
Best photograph portrait, finished in water colors, Edy Bros., London 4 00
2iid, do do S. K. Davidson, London 2 00
Best engraving on wood, with proof, Thos. W. Elliott, London 3 00
Best -engraving on copper, with proof, Emily M. Gunn, London 3 00
2nd, do Miss E. Seaboijn, London 2 00
Parts — Statuary, Etc., Professional or Amateur.
Best carving in wood. Miss L. Muir, Grimsby 5 "00
2nd, do Henry H. Tancock, London 3 00
Best model in clay or wax with plaster case. Amy Buckle, London 5 00
Best modelling in plaster or clay, Emily M. Gunn, London 3 00
2nd, do Amy Buckle, London 2 00
Extras.
Silver Medal. — Bromide portraits — Edj' Bros., London.
Silver Bfedal. — Opal portraits finished in water colors— Edy Bros., London.
Silver Medal. — Opal portraits, plain— Edy Bros., London.
Asst. Bibles, different languages — W. O. Bible Society, London.
Agricultural paper— W. Weld, London.
Collection decorated china and stoneware — W. J. Reed & Co., London.
Collection ornamental statuary — W. J. Reed & Co., London.
Collection piano and library lamps— W. J. Reed & Co., London.
CLASS LIIL
Natural History and Mineralogy. 28 Entries.
Judges. — A. Blue, Toronto ; E. Baynes Reed, London.
Birds,
Best collection of native, stuffed, with common and technical names attached and classified.
1st prize, W. E. Saunders, London $10 00
2nd, do Alex. McPherson, Hay 6 00
Fish.
Best collection of native fishes, stuffed or preserved in spirits, with common and technical names attached.
1st prize, W. E. Saunders, London $8 00
2nd, do Alex. McPherson, Hay 6 00
196
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
Fossils.
Best collection of Canadian, named and classified.
2nd prize, J. D. Ross, Chatham $4 00
Insects.
Best collection of native, with common and technical names attached, and classified so as to show those
injurious and those beneficial to agriculture and horticulture.
1st prize, J. D. Ross, Chatham $8 00
2nd, do H. S. Saunders, London ^ 6 00
Mammalia and Reptiles.
Best collection of native, stufifed or preserved in spirits, with common and technical names attached and
classified.
1st prize, W. E. Saunders, London $8 GO
2Dd, do J. D. Ross, Chatham . . . . 6 00
Plants.
Best collection of native arrang'ed in their natural families and named.
1st prize, H. S. Saunders, London $8 00
2nd, do W. E. Saunders, London 4 OO
Stuffed Animals.
Best of any country, collection of.
1st prize, Alex. McPherson, Hay $8 OO
2nd, do Thos. Tarquet, London 4 00
Stuffed Birds.
Best of any country, collection of.
1st prize, Alex. McPherson, Hay $6 00
2nd, do Jas. Alston, London 4 OO
Best fishing tackle, including nets, etc.
1st prize, Gurd & Co. London |4 00
Best specimens, illustrating the mineralogy of Canada, bfest collection of.
1st prize, Thos. Tarquet, London $4 00
CLASS LIV.
Ladies' Work. 258 Entries.
Judges.— Miss C. Christie, Brantford ; Mrs. H. Ellis, Toronto.
No imported work, or work done by professional lace-makers, fancy goods storekeepers, milliners, shirt-
makers, etc., or anything which has previously taken a prize at a Provincial Exhibition in Ontario, will De
allowed to compete in Classes 54 or 55.
Best painting in oils on china, Amy Buckle, London $3 00
2nd, do Mrs. A. Crane, London 2 00
Best painting on silk or satin, water colors, C. B. Bayley, London 3 00
2nd, do Miss L. Muir, Grimsby 2 OO
Best painting on silk or satin, oils, J. P. Tolton, Hereward 3 00
2nd, do A. Kirkwood, Ottawa 2 00
Best painting on china in mineral colors, M. Neilson, London 3 00
2nd, do Mrs. A. Crane, London 2 00
Best painting on plush, A. Kirkwood, Ottawa 3 00
2nd, do Mrs. A. Crane, London 2 00
Best painting on glass, N. H. Shannon, London 3 OO
2nd, do Mrs. M. Mortimer, London 2 00
Best painting on jars, M. Neilson, London 3 00
2nd, do Emily M. Gunn London 2 00
197
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 18S0
Best painting on tiles, Emily M. Gunn, London $3 00
2nd, do M. Hurnett, London 2 00
Best painting on slate, M. Burnett, London 3 00
2nd, do C. B. Bayley, London 2 00
Best painting on velvet, A. Kirkwood, Ottawa 3 00
2nd, do A. Terryberry. Grimsby 2 00
Best repousse work, Mrs. A. Crane, London 2 00
■2nd, do M. Kingsmill, London 1 00
Best French decorative work, A. Kirkwood, Ottawa 1 00
Best painting on pair panels in oil, C. B. Bavley, London 2 00
2nd, do J. P. Tolton, Herewood 1 00
Embroidery.
Best embroidery, with linen floss, Mrs. J. D. Graham, St. Marys 2 00
2nd, do Helen Shoults. Park Hill 100
Best embroidery, silk, child's dress, A. Murphy, St. Marys 2 00
2nd, do Helen Shoults, Park Hill 1 00
Best embroidery, napkin set, A. Murphy, St. Marys 2 00
2nd, do Helen Shoults, Park Hiil 100
Best embroidery, bed set, J. P. Tolton, Hereward 2 00
Best embroidery, handkerchief, Miss L. Muir, Grimsby 1 00
2nd, do Mrs. J. D. Graham, St. Marys 0 50
Best embroidery, silk, specimen, A. Kirkwood, Ottawa 2 00
2nd, do Annie Heaslip, Toronto 1 00
Best embroidery, silk, infant's shawl, Mrs. J. D. Graham, St. Marys 2 00
2nd, do Mrs. Field, London 100
Best embroidery skirt, worsted, John Patton, Wallaceburg 2 00
r>est embroidery, table cover, Mrs. Bagwell, Hamilton 2 00
2:id, do Mrs. F. C. Austice, Springford 1 00
Best embroidery, ottoman cover, C. F. Rothwell, London 1 00
Best embroidery, applique, white, specimen, Mrs. Gerrard, Lambeth 2 00
Best embroidery, applique, colored, specimen, Mrs. Bagwell, Hamilton 2 00
2d, do Miss L. Muir, Grimsby 100
Best embroidery, outline, display, A. C. Johnston, Askin 2 00
2nd, do Mrs. Field, London 100
Best embroidery, Kensington, specimen, Ida Weber, London 2 00
2nd, do Mr.s. A. Crane, London 1 00
Best embroidery, art, in colors, specimen, Annie Heaslip, Toronto 2 00
2nd, do Miss B. Goldsberry, London 1 00
Best embroidery, chenille, specimen, Annie Heaslip, Toronto 2 00
2nd, do Mrs. A. Crane, London 1 00
Best embroidery, arasene, specimen. Miss B. Goldsberry, London 2 00
2iid. do Ida Weber, London 1 00
Best embroidery, high-art needle work, specimen. Miss L. Muir, Grimsby 2 00
2nd, do' A. Morphy, St. Mary's 100
Best embroidery, ribbon, specimen, Mrs. Field, London 2 00
2nd, do Mrs. A. Crane, London 1 00
Best embroidery, rick rack work, display, Annie Heaslip, Toronto 2 00
2nd, do Miss B. Goldsberry, London 1 00
Best embroidery, fire-screen, Helen Main, Kingston 2 00
Best braiding, display, B. F. Ta\ lor, London 2 00
2nd, do Mrs. J. H. Bowman, Northfield Centre 1 00
Miscellaneous.
Best wax flowers, M. K. Heydon, London 2 00
2nd, do Mrs. J. A. Mann, London 1 00
Best wax fruit, Mrs. J. A. Mann, London . . 1 00
Best wax work, ornamental, M. K. Heydon, London 2 00
Best shell work, display, Mrs. J. H. Bowman, Northfield Centre 2 00
2nd, do Mrs. J. A. Mann, London 1 00
Best glove box. Miss Burgess, Lucknow 1 00
Best sea moss collection, Mrs. Bagswell, Hamilton '. 2 00
2nd, do N. H. Shannon, London 1 00
Best fresh wood moss ornament, Mrs. G. Webster, London 1 00
2nrl , do J. P. Tolton, Hereward 50
Best autumn leaves, ornamented, display, J. P. Tolton 1 00
Best fish scale ornaments, Mrs. Bagswell, Hamilton 1 00
2nd, do Mrs. J. H. Bowman, Northfield Centre 50
Best feather work, on cloth, John Patton, Wallacetown 1 00
Beet toilet cushion, not embroidered, Helen Main, Kingston 1 00
Best sofa pillow, not embroidered, Mrs. E. Cronsid, Ilderton 1 00
Best limp mats, fancy, Annie Heaslip, Toronto 1 00
2nd, do Miss E. Hyde, Anderson 50
198
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
Best toilet mats, Mrs. Field, London $1 00
2ad, do Mrs. J. D. Graham, St. Mary's 50
Best lambrequins, window or mantle, Mrs. A. Crane, London 2 00
Beat tidy, not crochet, Mrs. R. Hay lock, Simcoe 2 CO
■2nd, do Mrs. Field, London 1 00
Best laundried shirt, collar and cuffs, by a woman not in the employ of a laundry, J. P. Tolton,
Hereward 1 00
Best badges and regalia, display, F. M. Gardner, London 3 00
Best and greatest collection of ladies' work, ornamental— the work of one person, Mrs. A. Crane,
London Silver Medal
Extras.
Embalmed flowers, Mrs. I. Neatley, London.
Honiton point lace, N. H. Shannon, London.
Lustle painting, N. H. Shannon, London.
Lettered needle work in hair, Mrs. Woodlifife, London.
Tatting, Jane E. Price, Mt. Bridges.
Point lace, apron and handkerchief, E. F. Fenwick, London.
Tatting, Miss Burgess, Lucknow.
Lace shawl, Mrs. Jas. Crawford, Kingston.
Embroidered quilt, Mrs. Jas. Crawford, Kingston.
Two dressed dolls, Mrs. St. J. Hattennach, London.
Fancy basket for cut flowers, Mrs. St. J. Hattennach, London.
CLASS LV.
Ladies Work, Useful. 229 Entries.
Judges. — Mrs. F. O. Mendall, Belleville ; Mrs. H. Wade, Toronto ; Miss Kerwood, Ottawa.
"Best machine sewing (family) three articles, Annie Heaslip, Toronto $2 GO
2nd, do Miss Burgess, Lucknow 1 00
Best hand sewing, Mrs. A. Crane, London 2 00
2nd, do Annie Heaslip, Toronto 1 00
Best shirt, man's fine, unwashed, hand-made, Mrs. W. McKenzie, Teeswater 2 00
2nd, do Miss E. Hyde, Anderson 1 00
Best shirt, man's fine, unwashed, machine-made. Miss E. Hyde, Anderson 3 00
2nd, do M. Le\vis, Salford 2 00
Best man's shirt, coarse, unwashed, handmade, J. P. Tolton, Hereward 2 00
2nd, do IMrs. W. McKenzie, Teeswater 1 00
Best shirt, man's flannel, hand-made, Mrs. W. McKenzie, Teeswater 2 00
2nd, do Mrs. Alex. \^egg, London 1 00
Best plain sewing, by girl under 14 years, H. T. McDougall, Hereward 2 00
Best darning, specimen on stockings, S. J. Parks, Troy 2 00
2nd, do A. C. Johnston, Askin 1 00
Best counterpane, crochet, Mrs. F. C. Austice, Springf ord 4 00
2nd, do Miss M. Lewis, Salford 3 00
Best counterpane, knitted, Mrs. H. .J . Middough, Durham 4 00
2nd, do Mrs. H. E. Bissell. London 3 00
Pest quilt, patchwork, calico, Eliza Corrie, Ingersoll 3 GO
2nd. do Miss E. Hyde, Anderson 2 00
Best quilt, patchwork, cloth, Bessie Goodie, Muncey 3 00
2nd, do .John Patton, Wallacetown 2 00
Best quilt, patchwork, silk, Mrs. R. Haylock. Simcoe 3 00
Best quilt, white, quilted, J. P . Tolton, Hereward 3 00
2nd, do " Mrs. R. Haylock, Simcoe 2 00
Best quilt, log cabin, Mrs. G. Webster, London 2 00
Best crazy patchwork, A. Kirkwood, Ottawa 3 00
2nd, do Mrs. P. Herbert, Hyde Park 2 00
Best gloves, two pairs, coarse, hand-made, Mrs. J. H. Bowman, Northfield Centre 2 00
2nd, do John Patton, Wallacetown 150
Best gloves, two pairs, fine, hand-made, Mrs. W. McKenzie, Teeswater 2 GO
2nd, do John Patton, Wallacetown 1 50
Best mitts, two pairs, coarse, hand-made, Mrs. .J. H. Bowman, Northfield Centre 2 00
2nd, do John Patton, Wallacetown 1 50
Best mitts, two pairs, fine, hand-made, Mrs. T. Drummond, Kingston 2 00
Best knitted stockings, two pairs, wool, hand-made, Mrs. T. Drummond, Kingston 3 00
2nd, do do A. C. Johnston, Askin 2 00
Best knitted socks, two pairs, wool, hand-made, Mrs. J. H. Bowman, Northfield Centre 2 00
2nd, do do Mrs. T. Drummond, Kingston 2 00
Best stockings or socks, two pairs, knitted by girl under 14 year^, John Patton, Wallacetown 3 00
Best stockings, two pairs, fancy cotton, handmade, Mrs. W. Stewart, Embro 3 00
nd, do do A. Terry berry, Grimsby 2 00
199
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
Best knitted shirt, man's, hand-made, Mrs. T. Drummond, Kingston $3 00
Best knitting, fancy wool, Mrs. J. H. Bowman, Northfield Centre 3 00
2nd, do Mrs. T. Drummond, Kingston 2 00
Best knitted drawers, man's, hand-made, Mrs. T. Drummond, Kingston 3 00-
2nd, do Helen Main, Kingston 2 00'
Best button holes, display on different materials, Miss Burgess, Lucknow 2 00
2nd, do do Mrs. A. Macdonald, London 1 00
Best darned net, Mrs. A. Crane, London 2 OO
Best collection of knitting, A. C. Johnston, Askin Diploma
Best table valance, Mrs. J. D. Graham, St. Mary's $2 00
Best skeleton leaves, M. K. Heydon, London 2 00
Best fancy screens, pasted pictures, R. B. Cody, London 2 00
Extras.
Knotted spread— Mrs. Alex. Begg, London ; (Extra) Pillow shams— Jane E. Price, Mt. Bridges ;
Knotted spread — Bessie Brodie, Muncev ; Tufted cotmterpane— Miss Burgess, Lucknow; (Commended)
Carriage Afghan — A. W. Graham, St. Thomas ; Embroidery shirt, worsted— John Patton, Wailacetown j
(Extra) Painting on bolting cloth— A. Morphy, St. Mary's; (^peciai) Teapot cosey— A. Morphy, St.
Marys ; Crazy quilt, embroidered— Mrs. O. Herbert, Hyde Park ; Point lace, Mrs. A. Macdonell, London;
Berlin wool, needle work— Mrs. F. J. Sinclair, Komoka ; Pillow shams — R C. Griffin, London; Pillow
shams, outline work— Mrs. D. Turnbull, Aylmer.
CLASS LVI.
Chemical Mandfactcres and Preparations. 8 Entries.
Judges. — E. Baynes Reid. London ; A. Blue, Toronto.
Medicinal herbs, roots aud plants, native growth, Mrs. J. H. Bowman, Northfield Centre $6 00
2nd, do do Lottie GriflSn, London 4 00
Perfumes, assortment of, W. S. Barkwell, London 4 00
Extras.
Furniture polish — Thos. Tarquet, London ; Star paint oil— Thos. Tarquet, London ; Corn Cure and
Bronchial Balsam — VV. S. Barkwell, London.
CLASS LYLL
Musical Instruments, Exhibition Only. 63 Entries.
Case for or on any kind of instrument . .... D. W. Karn & Co., Woodstock.
f D. W. Karn & Co., Woodstock.
I W. Bell & Co.. Guelph.
Or^an cabinet or Darlor \ ^^ ' ^oherty & Co., London (10).
Urgan, cabinet or parlor \ Thomas Organ Co., Woodstock (8).
J. C. Halliday, London (4).
I Thos. Carter, Woodstock (4).
Organ, church, with pipes Doherty & Co., London (4).
Organ, church, with reeds D. W. Karn & Co., Woodstock.
p. _ , / R. S. Williams & Son, London (2).
Piano, grand tHeintzman & Co., Toronto (2).
Piano snuare / ^- "• Williams & Son, London (2).
l-iano, square \Heintzman & Co., Toronto (2).
Tj- .4. „ f R. S. Williams & Son, London (6)..
Pianccottage jj. C. Halliday, do
•D- <r 1 • J /W. Bell & Co.. Guelph (2).
Piano of any kmd j Heintzman & Co., Toronto (2).
(Small musical instruments in case — R. S. Williams
& Son, London.
Organs for parlor, church, school, etc. -W. Bell &.
Co., Guelph.
200
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
CLASS LVIII.
Building Materials, Painting, Maeble Work, etc., Exhibition only. 7 Entries.
Brick, kiln-burnt, 1 doz Glass Br^.s. & Co., London.
Decorative house painting John J. C. Fi-aher, London.
Mantelpiece, any other kind J. W. Courtis, London.
Pottery, an assortment of Glass Brot^. & Co. London.
Sewage pipes, stoneware, assortment of E. Nurth, London.
Sign painting . John J. C. Fraher, London.
Stoneware, an assortment of .s Glass Bros, and Co., London.
GLASS LIX.
Cabinet Ware and other Wood and Hair Manufactures, Exhibition only. 32 Entries.
Bedroom furniture, set of London Furniture Manufacturing Co., London (2).
Bookcase do do
Centre table I t v, t7 s^% t ^ ^"
(.John lerguson & Sons, London.
Chair, easy, for invalids C. E. Anderson, London.
Coverings for drawing-room furniture, an assort-
ment of London Furniture Manufacturing Co., London.
Drawing-room furniture, set of -^ t u -c e a t j /.^\ ^^'
° ' IJohn t erguson & Sons, London (2).
Sideboard London Furniture Manufacturing Co., London.
Chair, folding C. E. Anderson, London.
Clothes wringer James Riddle, Glencoe.
/'James Riddle, Glencoe.
Washing machine < The Wortman & Ward Manufacturing Co., London.
° j P. Vallmor, Chatham.
I F. Sibbald, Meadowvale.
Brushes, hair, assortment of Thos. Bryan, London.
Brushes, for manufacturing do
Ca?ks, barrels, kegs, etc., assortment of London and Pet Barrel Co., London.
Turning in wood, collection of specimens C. Lewis, Salford.
Turned hollow wooden-ware, assortment of ... . do
Wash-tubs and pails, factory-made, three of each. do
f Folding bed— London Furniture Manufacturing Co.
I London.
Churn — C. Lewis, Salford.
I Asst. upholstered chairs — J. Ferguson & Son, London.
Extras -j Surgical chair— C. E. Anderson, London.
I Assortment brushes for flour mills — Thomas Bryan,
London.
I Two model shijjs — J. Wetherell, London.
L Diploma — Model of steamship — Neil McMillan, London.
CLASS LX.
Machinery and Parts Thereof, and Tools, Exhibition only. 54 Entries.
f Haggart Bros. Manufacturing Co., Brampton.
Portable steam engine for agricultural purposes, | Sawyer & Maffiey Co., Hamilton (2).
not less than six horsepower, to be put in^l Waterous Engine Co., Brantford.
operation on the ground | McDonald iSlanufacturing Co., Stratford.
i Geo. White & Sons, London.
Engine, steam, stationary, five horsepower and f F. S. Beckett Engine Co., Hamilton,
upwards, in operation \ E. Leonard & Sons, London (2).
Jfire engine, steam, in operation on the ground. . Waterous Engine Co., Brantford.
201
Extras "
63 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
Metal pumps J. M. Cousins, London.
^ , i- 1 J ("Ontario Pump Co., Toronto.
Pump, force, for hand use | j j^ Cousins, London.
r Ontario Pump Co., Toronto.
Tump, wooden \C. Tildon & Son, Mt. Brydges.
t J. M. Cousin-s, London.
TIT- :• -11 ■ i.- f Ontario Pump Co., Toronto.
Wmdmil], m operation \ J. M. Cousins, London.
f Display bicycles and tricycles— E. L. Goold & Co.,
Brantford. .
Automatic advertiser— Forfar and Cook, Toronto.
Traction engine— Sawyer & Massey Co., Hamilton.
Fence wire stretcher— S. Martin, Kars.
Traction engine— Waterous Engine Co., Brantford.
^Hydraulicram— J. M. Cousins, London.
Emery grinding machine London Machine Tool Co., London.
Milling machine ; do do (2).
Planing machine for metals do do
Radical driller do do (3),
Turning lathe, iron work London Machine Tool Co., London.
Turning lathe, brass work do do
Collection of iron working machinery do do
f Cutting Press, London Machine Tool Co., London.
Pinching do do
Punching do do
Punch and shear do
Plain turret lathe do
Extras -i Wire teed do do
Bolt header do
Bolt cutter do
Forging machine do
Universal gear cutter do
^Patent cash-carrier, T. & E. Whitney & Co., London.
Barrel machinery W. Hockin, London.
-n, . ( Pinless Wire Clothes Line, Pinless Clo
E'^tras I London.
thes Line Co.
CLASS LXI.
Sewing Machines, for Exhibition only. 7 Entries.
j'Chas. Raymond, London. (2)
Sewing machine, family <, Fessenden Bros. do (4)
i J. C, Halliday do
Sewing machine, button hole Fessenden Bros., London.
SewiQg machine, embroidery Fessenden Bros., London.
("Spring needles for knitting machines. Standard Needle
Extras \ Co., Paris.
\ Sewing machine needles do
CLASS LXIL
Mechanical Metal Work (Miscellaneous) for Exhibition only. 7 Entries.
Table cutlery Frank C. Wheeler, London.
Rail supplies, assortment of Thos. Muir, London.
,Asst. Bicycles, Tricycles, and fittings. Singer & Co.,
I Coventry. En^.
Extras \ Eureka Saw Sets. Daniel Stewart, Brussels.
Curtain poles and chains, Frank C. Wheeler, London.
I Bird cages, Frank C. Wheeler, London.
Firearms, assortment of Wm. Gurd & Co. , London.
202
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
Ooldsmitli's work H. Davis & Son, London.
Iron work R. Dennis. London.
Silversmith's work H. Davis & Son, London.
Asst. wire work R. Dennis, London.
Optical instruments Wm. Shore, Toronto.
Extras Paper holder. Jas. McGeoch, Aylmer .
CLASS LXIII.
Stoves and Castings, for Exhibition only. Entries.
Oast iron work R. Dennis, London.
■Cooking range, portable W. Steveley & Son, London.
do stove for wood do do
do do as coal do do
"Furniture for cooking stove do do
Hall stove for wood do do
do base burner do do
Hot air furnace for coal ■! tx j i? r^ -n* ^■
(.Howard turnace Go., lierlin.
do for wood W. Steveley & Son, London.
Tarlor stove for wood do do
do for coal do do
Parlor cooking stove do do
do grate do do
Display stoves, etc { ^cLeary Mfg. Co., Loi^^on.
■Gas stove /Smith & Boyd, London.
\ W. Steveley & Son, London.
■Coal oil stove do do
"Vapor stove do do
Extras Indestructible Fuel Burner, D. M. Campbell, London.
CLASS LXIV.
Saddle, Harness, and Trunkjiaker's Work, and Engine Hose and Belting, for Exhibition ONLr,
21 Entries.
•Collars, an assortment of heavy J.
Collars, an assortment of carriage
JHarness, set of single carriage
do team
do cart
Saddle, side
Saddle, man's, plain shaftoe
Trunks, assortment of
Valises and travelling bags, assortment of
Whips, assortment of
Horse blankets, two pairs
f Highly commended, cattle halter, R. Duncan, London.
I Assorted ladies' hand baers, etc., J. Darch & Son, London.
I do turf poods and toe weights, do do
Extras -! Set of track harness do do
I Strap American style, do do
I Single carriHge fancy trimmed do do
L Assorted rugs, do do
203
Tch & Son,
London
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1880
CLASS LXV.
Shoe and Bootmakers' Work and Material. Exhibition only. 8 Entries.
Boots, women's, hand-made, assortment of Pocock Bros., London.
Boots, men's, hand-made, assortment of do do
Boots, men's, machine-made, assortment of ... . do do
Boots, women's, machine-made, assortment of. . do do
1 pair men's hand-made boots do do
Gaiters, Balmorals, Oxford ties, etc., hand-made, \ ^^ ^^
assortment of I
Gaiters, Balmorals, Oxford ties, etc., machine- \ ^^ ^^
made, assortment of /
Assortment of boots and shoes, of Canadian \ j^ ^^
manufacture J
CLASS LXVL
Wearing Apparel and Furs, Flax, Hemp and Cotton Goods. For Exhibition only. Entries
Overcoat of Canadian cloth Oak Hall, London.
Man's suit do do do
Boy's suit do do
Fur sleigh robe J. Darch & Son, London.
Assorted sheepskin mats Robinson Wool I\Iat Works, Newmarket.
f Ever Ready Dress Stays, Ever^ Ready Dress Stay^JCo.,
I Windsor.
I Corsets, bustles, etc.. Brush & Co., Toronto.
Extras -j Assortment of West of England, Scotch and Irish^cloth-
I ing, Oak Hall, London.
I Assortment wool dusters, Robinson Wool Mat^Works,
L Newmarket.
CLASS LXVIL
Woollen Goods. 67 Entries.
Judge, — J. 0. Hutton, Brampton.
Best counterpanes, woven, ,T. E. Soger, St. George $5 CO
2nd, do J. Rutherford, Roseville 2 00
Best carpet, one piece, IStrs. R. Haylock, Simcoe 4 CO'
2nd, do Mrs. J. H. Bowman, Northfield Centre 2 00
Best stair carpet, Mrs. J. H. Bowman, Northfield Centre 4 00
Best rag carpet, Mrs. William Stewart, Embro 3 OO'
2nd, do Eliza Carrie, Ingersoll 2 00
Best rag mats, A. Morphy, St. Marys 3 00
2nd do Mrs. E. Ironside, Ilderton 2 00
Best carriage rugs, Robinson Wool Mat Works, Newmarket 4 00
2nd do R. C. Griffin, London 2 00
Best fulled cloth, farmer's make, John Batton, Wallacetown 4 00
2nd do Mrs. R. Haylock, Simcoe .... 2 00
Best plain white flannel, not factory made, E. Haskett Birr 4 00
2nd do do John Patton, Wallacetown 2 00
Best plaid flannel, not factory made, Mrs. J. H. Bowman, Northfield Centre 4 00
2nd do do John Patton, Wallacetown 2 00
Best union flannel, not factory made, Mrs. R. Haylock, Simcoe 4 00
2nd do do Mrs. J. H. Bowman, Northfield Centre. ... : 2 OO
204
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
Best all wool carpet, farmers' make, Mrs. R. Vance, Ida $4 00
2nd, do Mrs. J. H. Bowman, Northfield Centre 2 00
'Best white and dyed yarn, not factory make, E. Craig, London 2 GO
2nd, do R. Robinson, Muncey 1 00
Best fleecy woollen yarn, not factory make, J. Patton, Wallacetown I 2 00
2nd, do Mrs. J. D. Graham, .St. Marys 1 00
Best homemade woollen shawls, E. Haskett, Birr 3 00
2nd, do John Patton, Wallacetown 2 00
Best blankets, home-made, R. Robinson, Muncey ' 3 00
2nd, do E. Haskett. birr ; 2 00
r Twilled flannel, E. Ha-.kett, Birr.
I Blankets, wool and cotton. .John Patton, Wallacetown.
I Horse blankets, John Patton, Wallacetown.
Extras ■{ Satinette, home-made, John Patton, Wallacetown.
I Flannel, white woollen, home-made, John Patton, Wallacetown,
I Coverlet, double, wool and cotton, do do
I, Smyrna rug, John Camelford, Paris.
CLASS LXVIII.
Groceries axd Provisions. 45 Entries.
Judges, — J. W. Cline, Winona ; Robt. McFarlane, Forest.
Barley, pearl, 25 lbs., A. Leith, Nilestown $3 00
Barley, pot, 25 lbs, G. Leith, London 3 00
2nd, do A. Lpith, Nilestown 2 00
Barley flour, A. L^ith, Nilest.iwn 3 00
2ai do Kd. Kendrew, Pond Mills 2 00
Buckwheat flour, 25 lbs., G. Leith, London 3 00
2nd do A. Leith, Nilestown • 2 00
Peaches, dried, peeled, 4 quart-i, Wm. Dudenhofifer, London 2 00
Plums, dried. 4 quarts, Wm. DudRnhoffer, Loudon 2 00
Raspberries, dried, 2 quarts, F. Peck, Albury 2 00
2nd do Wm. Dudenhoffer, London . . . 1 00
Blackberries, dried, 2 quarts, Wm. Dudenhoffer, London 2 00
Cherries, dried, pitted, 2 quarts, Wm. Dudenhofifer, London 2 00
Currants, dried, 2 quarts, F. Peck, Alburv 2 00
2nd do Wm, Dudenhofifer, London .* 1 00
Jellies, 3 jars or pots, made up by private persons for home use. Miss Skinner, London 3 00
2nd, do do Mrs. Alex. Begg, London 2 00
Preserves, 3 jars, made up by private persons for home tise, Ed. Kendrew, Pond Mills 3 00
Fruits and vegetables, evaporated, assortment of, Wm. Dudenhoffer, London 3 00
Cigars, Canadian manufacture, assortment of, Brener Bros., London 4 00
Confectionery, fancy, A. Broidtord, L ndon 4 00
Indian corn meal, 25 lbs., E i. Kendrew, Pond Mills 3 00
2nd do J. D. Lutz, Stonv Oreek 2 00
Oatmeal, 25 lbs., standard, A. Leith, Nilestown 3 00
2nd do G. Leith, London .. 2 00
Oatmeal, granulated, A. L«ith, Nilestown 3 00
2nd do G. Leith, London 2 00
Starch, 12 lbs., flour, .John Jackson, London , 2 00
Starch, 12 Ib.s, John Jackson, London 2 00
Wedding cak^, S. Bradford, London $3.00 and Diploma
Fall wheat flour, 50 lbs., G. Leith, London 4 00
2nd do A. Leith, \ilest )wn 2 00
Spring wheat flour, A. Leith. Nilestown 4 00
2nd do G. Leith, London 2 00
Extra Entries.
Recommended. — Bakers' bread, S. G. Bartlett, London.
do Bakers' home-made bread, C. M. Newman, London.
205
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
CLASS LXIX.
Prize Essays. 11 Entries.
Judges. — A. Blue, Toronto ; John I. Hobson, Mosborough.
Prizes were awarded for the following subjects :
The Cultivation of Green Crops for soiling and En'^ilage, and their value in farm operations.
S. A. Landman, Binbrook $30 00
C. R. Notman, Stratford 20 00
The Advantages of Rotation of Crops as compared with the evil of Over-cropping.
M. S. Schell, Woodstock 30 GO
P. J. Sleightholm, Humber 20 GO
AGRICULTURE AND ARTS ASSOCIATION.
EXAMINATIONS IN AGRICULTURE
July, 1889.
Instructions.
Put the number of the question before your answer.
Confine your answers strictly to the questions proposed.
Your name is not given to the examiners, and you are requested not to write to them about your answers
SECOND CLASS.
First Paper. — Time : Three Hours,
1. Explain the following terms relating to soils : absorptive power, retentive power, capillary attraction,
water table, adhesiveness, lightness.
2. Give a classification of soils based on their source or method of origination. Give as examples of the
above any large areas of soils in Ontario.
3. Explain fully how the slope of a field may affect its productiveness.
4. State the difference in composition between the water which falls upon a field as rain water and
that which drains away beneath. Explain, as far as possible, how it has been changed, what forces and
substances have acted upon it, and how the fertility of the field is thereby affected.
5. Explain carefully how the decay of humus increases the fertility of a soil.
6. What is a composi ? How would you compost muck and farm-yard manure ?
7. Explain fully the differences between lime and land plaster under the following heads : —
(a) Chemical composition.
{h) Effect on the soil.
(c) Effect on manures with which they may be mixed.
8. What are the most important constituents of fertilizers ? In what matter are these constituents
retained by the soil, and by what different processes do they then pass from the soil to the plant.
9. " The object aimed at in all soil operations should be the preparation of food for the plant."
Show how subsoiling, bare-fallowing, and underdraining are in harmony with the above statement.
10. State and discuss the leading methods of corn cultivation in reference especially to weed destruction,
root development, and seed production. How does thorough cultivation enable the plant to resist drouth ?
206
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 8).
A. 1890
SECOND CLASS.
Second Paper. — Time : Three Hours.
1. State any particular lines of farming specially developed in the following counties : Essex, Went-
worth, Wellington, York, Prince Edward, Leeds, Renfrew, Simcoe, Oxford. What natural conditions
(soil, climate, etc.) are conducive to the same ?
2. State two leading theories as to the action of salt upon land, when used as a fertilizer.
State i\in facts known in reference to its effects upon cereals.
3. Make a list of the special fertilizers readily available to the Ontario farmer, with the average value
of each per ton.
4. Under what circumstances would you prefer shallow ploughing to deep ploughing, and spring
ploughing to fall ploughing ?
Give reasons for your answer.
5. In the selection of seed grain, what are the principal points to be observed? To what points of
Ontario would you send to secure the best samples of oats, barley, spring wheat, and fall wheat ?
6. Distinguish between and give examples of roots and tubers. What is their proper place in a
scientific system of crop rotation ?
7. Name and fully describe the sheep which in your opinion is the most profitable wool producer in this
province
(a) How is the production of wool affected by feeding ?
{h) What circumstances, outside o.f breed, have the greatest influence upon the quantity and the quality
of the wool 'i
8. Describe a typical Jersey bull, and a typical Holstein milch cow.
9. State the effect of feeding upon the production of milk, as it affects (a) the quantity, (6) the quality.
10. What are the distinguishing features in the digestive apparatus of the horse, the cow, and the pig,
and how should those guide us as to the nature of the food supplied ?
SECOND CLASS.
Third Paper.— Time : Three Hours.
1. What is smut ? What precautions may be taken against it ?
2. Give the life history of rust. What conditions or circumstances are favorable to its growth and
spread ?
3. Name and illustrate by simple drawings the various methods of grafting.
4. Locate the principal fruit districts of Ontario, giving their various products. What natural
conditions are found in these districts favorable to fruits ?
5. What are the principal diseases and insect pests injurious to the apple? What are the best known
remedies ?
6. Name the trees you would select for a farm lane, for a wind break, for ornamenting your lawn-
Give reasons for your choice.
7. Explain the effects of large forests upon the climate of a country, taking examples from this Province.,
8. Describe and give the life history of the ivire worm and the cut worm. How may they be destroyed ?
9. Write an essay on one of the following subjscts :
" Ontario as a Butter-Producing Country."
" The Beautifying of the Farm."
"The Dignity of Labor."
The essay is not to exceed two pages.
C. A. Zavitz, Guelph O. A. C.
Geo. A. Bnidie, Bethesda i O. A. C.
T. Raynor. Picton I O. A. C.
A. E. Meyer, Kossuth I None.
2.5 00
20 00
1,5 00
25 00
THIRD CLASS.
First Paper.— TiUE : Three Hours.
1. Given a sample of soil to examine, how would you determine the following points in regard to it?
(a) Its origin.
(b) Its present productiveness.
(c) Its lasting fertility.
207
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A 1890
2. What are the principal causes of soil exhausti^'^ ' Which of these are most common in Ontario ?
(a) Explain the difference between an exhausted soil and a non-productive soil, and give tully one
leading method whereby each could be improved in condition.
3. Explain the following as to nature and origin : alluvial soils, humus, loam, marl deposits, calcareous
soils.
4. State briefly from your own observation the practice of handling farmyard manure, which you
consider the most beneficial. Enumerate the four principal things to be observed in the making of the best
farmyard manure.
5. Name the crops most benefited by the application of lime, salt, gypsum, bonedust, and super-
phosphate. At what season, in what manner, and at how much per acre should they be applied?
6. Is the present exportation of apatite and hardwood ashes likely to affect our agriculture ? Give
reasons.
7. Explain how the percolation of rain water through a soil will add to the richness of that soil for crop
production.
8. State a case where the surface draining of a field would be preferable to underdraining. Give
concise reasons.
9. Under what circumstances would you bare-fallow a field in preference to growing a cultivated crop?
10. Should timothy be cut before, at, or after full bloom ? Give five reasons for your opmion.
THIRD CLASS.
Second Paper. — Time : Three Hours.
1. Discuss the question of the production of corn for silage under the following heads :—
(a) Selection of soil.
(b) Preparation of soil.
(e) Selection of seed and amount to be sown.
((rf) Method of sowing.
C<) Cultivation of crop.
2. What is meant by soiling ? Is it to be recommended in Ontario ? Why ? Outline a system of soiling
-suitable for your locality.
3. Name the breed of horses, of cattle, of sheep, and of hogs which in your opinion is the most
profitable to the Ontario farmer at the present day. Give reasons.
(a) State the distinguishing points of the breeds mentioned.
4. What conditions of soil, climate, and location are most beneficial for cattle, dairy, sheep, mixed,
and truck farming.
.5. State the best way of feeding the following foods :— Corn silage, skim milk, brewer's grains, rape,
turnips.
6. Write an essay on one of the following subjects : —
" The Production of Good Milk."
" Raising Sheep for Profit."
■' The Ideal of a Farmer's Son.
The essay is not to exceed two pages.
208
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 8).
A. 1890
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211
63 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 8).
A. 1890
'Comparative Table, showing the progress of the Provincial Exhibition since its
commencement in 1845
Year.
1846
1847
1848
1849
1850
1851
1852
1853
1854
1855
1856
1857
1858
1859
1860
1861
1862
1863
1864
1865
1866
1867
1868
1869
1870
1871
1872
1873
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
Places of Exhibition.
Date ot opening.
Total amount
rjffered in prizes.
Total number
of Entries.
Total amount
awarded.
Toronto . . .
Hamilton .
Cobourg . .
Kingston . .
Niagara . . .
Brock ville.
Toronto . .
Hamilton .
London . . .
Cobourg . .
Kingston .
Brantford .
Toronto . . .
Kingston .
Hamilton .
London . . .
Toronto . . .
Kingston . .
Hamilton. .
London . . .
Toronto . . .
Kingston . .
Hamilton. .
London . . . ,
Toi-onto . . .
Kingston . .
Hamilto n.
London . . .
Toronto . . .
Ottawa . . .
Hamilton .
London . . .
Toronto . . .
Ottawa. . . .
Hamilton .
London . . .
Kingston . .
Guelph. . . .
Ottawa
London . . .
Guelph ....
Ottawa ....
Kingston . .
London . . .
September 22nd .
September 21st
October 3rd
September 25th.. .
September 23rd
September 22nd . .
September 21st
September 20th . . . .
September 18th . . . .
September 24th
September 23rd
September 22nd. . . ,
September 20th
September 21st ...
Sep)temher 18th ...
September 24th
September 22nd . . ,
September 7th
September 20th . . . .
September 19th
September 10th
September 9th
1600 00
3000 00
3100 00
5600 00
6106 00
5017 85
5916 95
6410 15
7176 10
9216 30
9238 00
10071 40
10700 59
10513 00
15015 50
12031 00
12236 00
11866 00
12559 50
13434 00
12712 00
12731 00
13304 50
13428 00
14110 00
15724 50
16092 00
16016 09
16640 00
16996 50
18237 00
16320 60
17947 40
18525 00
16994 00
17154 50
19927 00
18494 50
20290 50
23236 00
17168 00
16529 00
14603 00
14703 90
1150
1600
1500
1429
1638
1466
4048
2820
2933
3077
3791
4337
5572
4830
7532
6242
6319
4756
6392
7221
6279
4825
6620
7649
6847
6682
7714
8420
8162
7318
10011
10618
10292
9668
11252
9486
7916
10315
7380
11662
9037
5967
7504
8095
1100 00
2400 00
2300 00
2800 00
3400 00
3223 75
4913 00
6293 25
5427 50
6941 70
6799 50
8136 00
9215 00
8067 50
12900 00
10188 00
10722 00
9166 00
10304 25
11036 75
10228 50
9311 50
11120 00
11459 50
12441 70
12951 00
13142 00
13797 00
14070 00
14651 00
15631 50
14387 00
13980 00
14957 50
13147 50
13456 50
14912 00
14819 50
15281 50
20235 50
14478 50
12729 50
11616 50
12501 90
212
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 189a
MINUTES OF COUNCIL MEETING.
Board Room,
2 o'clock p.m. Toronto, December 17th, 1889.
Members present — Rykert, McPherson, Snel], Kawlings, Dawson, Palmer,,
Drury, Morgan, Vance, Legge, Awrey, Powand, and H. Wade, Secretary. Mr.
Rykert, President, in the chair,
Minutes of last Board meeting read and confirmed. The Council in a body
then by invitation of Prof. Smith, visited the new veterinary college.
The report of the General Superintendent A. H, White, was read, and his old
salary ol $150.00 was allowed, in consideration of the amount of extra work done
in London.
Correspondence was then read as follows :
Toronto, December I7th, 1889.
To the Council of the Agriculture and Arts Association :
Dear Sirs, — In considering the requirements of the coming year, I wish to.
call your attention to the necessity of publishing the 4th vol. of the Clydesdale
Book, the 1st vol. of the Berkshire Svvine Book, and the 1st vol. of the second
series of the Dominion Aryshire Herd Book, and the 1st vol. of the Shire Horse
Stud Book, all these are required by the various breeders, and as only a limite ;
number are sold at first, means are required from your Association.
Truly yours,
H. WADE,
Secretary.
Toronto, December 17th, 1889.
To the Council of Agriculture :
De.iR Sirs, — As you are aware, the Dominion Short Horn Breeders Associa-
tion, have asked you twice for a grant of money, to allow them to carry out the
work of republishing the back volumes of their Herd Book ; their income is.
enough to print one volume per year, and pay their salaries but not sufficient to
print tw o volumes per year as they are now doing. They now repeat their appli-
cation for the sum of $1,500, and ask you to place that amount in your list
of requirements for the coming year ; they had to raise that amount on personal
security, to pay for the IV. volume. Should this not be granted, the result will be-
serious to tliis Association.
Truly yours,
HENRY WADE,
Secretary Dom. S. H. Breeders Association.
213
63 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
Toronto Public Library, November 8th, 1889.
The Toronto Public Library Board desire me to acknowledge receipt of the
donation named herewith, and to convey to you the expression of thsir cordial
thanks.
I am, Sir,
Your obedient servant,
JAMES BAIN, Jr.,
Chief Librarian,
EDWIN P. PEARSON,
Chairman.
Canada Short-Horn Herd Book, vols. TV. to IX.
British American Short-Horn Herd Book, vols. I. -III.
Dominion Ayrshire Herd-Book, vol. I.
To H. Wade, Esq.,
Secretary Agriculture and Arts Association of Ontario, Toronto.
Chicago, III., September 11th, 1889.
To Henry Wade.
To President and Officers of London Provincial Fair :
Representatives of Agricultural Press ot the West in session here. Believe
World's Exposition of 1892, should be pre-eminently an agriculture and live stock
exhibit, and could not be made such if held elsewhere than Chicago, please take
favorable action and report to undersigned.
E. K. CRAGIN
Secretary.
A letter was read from Philip Jamieson, asking for the renewal of his lease
■of the premises now occupied by him, and offering $2,500 a year for twenty-five
years, or an increase of twenty-five per cent, over last lease.
RocKWOOD, October 28th, 1889.
H. Wade, Esq.,
Dear Sir, — I am requested by the directors of the Guelph Fat Stock Club,
through you, to ask some assistance from the Agriculture and Arts Association,
to get up a good prize list for our exhibition, to be held in Guelph, on the 11th
and 12th of December, please answer as soon as convenient, as we want to publish
our prize list as soon as possible, anything your Association wishes to contribute
will be thankfully received. We wish also to give a cordial invitation to any
members of the Association, as well as yourself to our exhibition. The judging
will be on the evening of the 11th. Please answer as soon as convenient, and
oblige.
Yours truly
THOMAS WATERS,
President Guelph Fat Stock Club.
214
•58 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
November 2nd, 1889.
In answer wrote to offer $60.00.
H. WADE,
Secretary
GuELPH, 5th December, 1889.
H. Wade, Esq.,
Secretary Agriculture and Arts Association. Toronto.
Dear Sir, — Please find enclosed a copy of resolution passed at the meeting
of our board yesterday, and which I have been instructed by the club to forward
to you.
We will use the money as you suggest in offering special prizes.
Along with this I send you half a dozen admittance tickets, hoping that
you and othti- members of your association may favor us with your presence at
the exhibitio-i, which so far as we can judge now will prove a success.
J. W. EASTON,
Secretary Guelph Fat Stock Club.
At a meeting of the Gueiph Fat Stock Club held in the City Hall on
December 4th, 1889, the following resolution was passed with entire unanimity : —
It was moved by James Taylor, seconded by Wm McCrae, and resolved'
That this club recognizes the great kindness of the Agriculture and Arts Asso-
ciation of Ontario and of their Secretary, Mr. Wade, in donating to this club the
sum of sixty dollars (.§60) to aid in increasing the prize list, and it now tenders
its most cordial thanks to the aforementioned parties for the same.
It was ordered by the club that a copy of this resolution be forwarded to
the Secretary of the Agriculture and Arts Association.
A petition was then read from the booth holders at the show in London,
asking for a 25 per cent rebate on the price of their booths on account of parties
being allowed to sell on the grounds instead of in the booths.
Heferred to License Committee.
A debate then took place on the desirability of placing a sum in the
estimates to assisb the Dominion Short Horn Breeders Association to print the
back numbers of the Herd Books, and it was finally moved by D. M. McPherson,
seconded by J. C. Snell, That this council recommend that an amount be placed
in the schedule of requirements to the Provincial Government to assist the Short
Horn Breeders Association. — Carried.
Moved by Jas. Rowand, M.P., seconded by D. M. McPherson, That notwith-
standing the low marking in the agricultural examination of W. H. Harrison, of
Virgil, that as he had passed, a prize of $20.00 be paid him. — Carried.
Moved by J. C Snell, Edmonton, Ont., seconded by A. Rawlings, Forest'
Ont., and resolved, That in the opinion of this council the city of Chicago, with
its many advantages, and being the largest inland city of the United States, is
the most desirable place to hold the great world's show of 1891.
(Signed) HENRY WADE,
Secretary.
215
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). 189Q
Moved by Mr. Awrey, seconded by Mr. Dawson, That the President and
Secretary be authorized to discount a note at the Bank of Commerce for one
thousand dollars, payable in three months, for the benefit of the Agriculture and
Arts Association of Ontario. — Carried.
The meeting then adjourned to 7.30 p.m.
H. WADE.
Secretary.
7.30 P.M., Evening Session.
Same members present, J. C. Rykert, M.P., in the chair.
Report of Special Committee.
To the President and Board of Agriculture, and Arts Association.
We have had before us a petition from S. Beggs and other booth holders^,
asking that a rebate be made to them.
Your Committee, after making enquiry and getting all the information
available in reference to those selling on the grounds, find that any parties found
selling illegally were stopped when brought before the notice of the Committee-
or Superintendent, and we recommend the board not to pay the 25 per cent.
asked for by the petition.
All of which is respectfully submitted.
ROBERT VANCE,
Chairman.
JOSHUA LEGGE.
ALBIN RAWLINGS.
Moved by Mr. Dawson, seconded by Robert Vance, That Mr. John I. Hobson^
of Mosboro, be appointed one of the Auditors of this association. — Carried.
The Committee on Herd Books begs leave to report that they recommend
the early publication of vol. 4 of the Clydesdale Stud Book, and that the pub-
lishing of the other Herd Books mentioned in the Secretary's statement be
deferred till the next meeting of the council.
J. C. SNELL,
Chairman,
Moved by Mr. J. C. Snell, seconded by Mr. James Rowand, That the Council
of the^'Agri culture and Arts Association of Ontario, having visited and inspected
the handsome and commodious buildings recently erected by Dr. Smith for the
purposes of the Ontario Veterinary College, desires to record its pleasure and
satisfaction at the wonderful progress made by this institution, which under the
able direction of Dr. Smith has attained a continental reputation as a school of
216
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
the highest standing, and one of which Canadians may well feel proud. It is a
matter of special gratification to the Council of the Agriculture Arts Association
to know that an institution which was inaugurated under its auspices, and whose
graduates still receive their Diplomas from this council, has been attended with
such signal success.
Mr. Morgan moved, seconded by Hon. Mr. Drury, That this Council of the
Board of Agriculture and Arts Association of Ontario, having heard with deep
regret of the death of the late Lionel E. Shipley, who was a member of this Board
for over 20 years and ex-president, who was always ready and took an active
part in the interests, and welfare of this Association, and was always found to
hi a valuable member while occupying a seat at this Board, do now take this the
first opportunity of expressing our sympathy with his bereaved wife and relatives
in the loss they have sustained of a kind husband and relative. That this resolu-
tion be entered upon the minutes of this Council, and the same be engrossed,
and a copy transmitted to his bereaved widow.
The Committee that was appointed to hear Mr. P. Jamieson, then presented
the following agreement signed by him :
To the Agriculture and Arts Association :
I agree to take a renewal of my lease for ten years, from the date that my
present lease expires, at a rental of 82,500 and I further agree that in the event
of the removal of the Government ofiices, I will heat the whole building at my
expense, and in the event of the building being sold and the purchaser requiring
to take possession of the premises occupied by me, I will surrender the same on
six months notice.
PHILIP JAMIESON.
December 17th, 1889.
The Finance Committee then reported that they Lad passed accounts from
the Fair amounting to 81,088.19, which were ordered to be paid.
The Committee on Finance beg leave to recommend that the Association
apply to the Legislature for the following sums, to enable it to meet the expendi-
ture for the year 1890.
Prize Farms $300 00
Salaries 300 00
Council Expenses 750 00
Postage, Express, etc 300 00
Printing 850 00
Fat Stock Show, etc 800 00
Veterinary College 150 00
Ploughing Matches 1,000 00
84,450 00
In addition to the amount required to meet the ordinary expenditure, the
Council will have to provide for the payment of a deficiency for the year 1889,
amounting to .81,000.
Your Committee would also recommend that the sum of 81,000 be granted
for the Dominion Short Horn Breeders Association, and that an application be
made for that amount.
217
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
Your Committee further recommend that $60.00 be granted to the Guelph
Fat Stock Club for prizes.
Your Committee has also considered the application of Mr. Jamieson for a
renewal of his lease, and would recommend that a I'enewal of the same be granted
for the period of ten years, at a rental of $2,500 per annum, upon the conditions
agreed upon.
All of which is respectfully submitted,
NICHOLAS AWREY,
Chairman.
December 17th, 1889.
The Hon. Mr. Drury then asked the Council to consider as to what new
work could be taken up by them in lieu of the Provincial Exhibition.
Mr. Rykert was requested to look after the new lease to Mr. Jamieson.
Council then adjourned,
HENRY WADE,
Secretary.
218
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No, 8).
A. 1890
TREASURER'S REPORT FOR 1889.
Geo. Graham, Treasurer, in account with the Agriculture and Arts Ascociation.
1889.
RECEIPTS.
No.
$ c.
$ 0.
Dk.
To balance 1st January, 1889
165 93
203 75
118 06
340 45
158 25
111 75
64 25
56 00
206 50
111 25
170 00
90 25
208 25
Feb. 4
Registration Fees.
H. Wade, Registration fees for January i
" 28....
" " February
Mar. 29....
" " March
May 28.,..
" " April
June 26 . .
" " May
July 18....
Oct. 4 ...
" " June
July
'• 4....
" " August
" 10....
" " September
Nov, 6. ..
*' " October
Dec. 9....
" " November
" 31....
" " December
Rents.
P. Jamieson, Rent to 1st February
1838 76
Feb. 4 .
500 00
500 00
500 00
500 00
May 11....
" " 1st May
Oct. 15
Nov. 1
" " 1st November
Herd Book.
H. Wade, Herd Books sold
2000 00
Feb. 4 ...
34 05
32 05
167 20
70 85
18 50
21 15
11 00
10 65
25 05
May 28....
" " April
June 26
May
July 18
" " June
Oct. 4....
" " July
" 15....
» « ^
Nov. 6
a ((
Dec. 9
It ((
" 31....
(< <(
Legislative Grant.
Provincial Treasurer, on account
390 50
April 1....
1000 00
4000 00
4000 00
1000 00
28 00
28 00
May 23....
Sept. 7
i< <i
Oct. 4....
" paid to Mr. Wade
July 18....
Interest Account.
Interest Prince of Wales Mortgage
10000 00
Dec. 31....
Exhibition Receipts.
W. C. T. U., 2 tickets
56 OQ
Sept. 9....
2 00
3 38
129 50
2 00
30 00
9 00
130 00
1.35 00
104 00
80 00
9....
W. Ould "
" 9....
G.M.Vance "
9....
Wm. Henther "
" 9....
Wm. Shipley
*' 9....
J. E. Snow
" 9....
J. W. McClintock
9....
G. M. Vance
" 10....
J. W. McClintock
" 10....
Wm, Shipley
Carried forvmrd
219
63 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 8).
A. 1890
TREASURER'S REPORT FOR 1S89. —Contimced.
1889.
RECEIPTS.
No.
$ c.
$ c.
Brought forivard
Sept. 10....
J. E. Snow
75 00
275 75
250 20
100 00
175 00
135 00
150 00
127 00
105 00
170 00
50 00
658 05
30 00
15 00
74 35
59 45
99 50
145 00
50 00
349 95
200 00
198 95
294 75
332 75
89 00
123 50
100 00
89 00
207 80
500 00
100 00
105 00
352 00
239 95
427 97
239 00
360 36
70 00
46 00
80 10
23 41
3 50
74 00
274 95
25 00
70 00
110 00
60 25
20 15
70 00
169 20
77 77
18 71
54 45
34 70
95 50
49 50
16 25
75
' 10....
' 10....
' 10....
' 10....
' 12....
' 12....
' 12....
' 12....
' 12....
' 12....
' 12....
' 12....
' 12....
' 12....
' 12....
' 12....
' 12....
' 12..,.
' 12 . . .
' 12....
' 12....
' 12 . .
' 12...
' 12....
' 12 ...
' 12 ..
' 12....
' 12 ...
' 12....
' 12....
' 12....
' 12....
' 12....
' 12...
' 12....
' 12....
' 12....
' 12...
' 12....
' 12...
' 12....
' 12....
' 12....
' 12...
' 12....
' 12. ..
' 12....
' 12....
' 12...
' 12....
' 12....
' 12....
' 12....
' 12....
' 12.. .
' 12 ...
' 15?
J. W. McClintock
J. Dorkin
J. W. McClintock
J. E. Snow
Wm. Shipley
J. Dorkin
J. W. McClintock
J. Dorkin
J. W. McClintock
G. M. Vance
Wm. Shipley
Jas. E. Snow
W. C. Hall
G, W. McClintock
J. Dorkin
J. W. McClintock
•T. M. Vance
J. Dorkm ,
Wm. Shipley
J. Dorkin
■J. Dorkin
G. M. Vance
J. M. Vance
J. E. Snow
J. W. McClintock
G. M. Vance
•J. M. Vance
Wm. Shipley
.T. W. McClintock
" children's tickets .'
J. Dorkin
W^m. Shipley .
J. W. McClintock
J. W. McClintock
G. M. Vance
C, P. R
Sept. 10....
W. Emily
220
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 8).
A. 1890
TREASURER'S REPORT FOR 1889.— Continued.
1889,
RECEIPTS.
1
No.
$ c.
$ c.
Brought forward
Sept. 10 ...
" 10...
•
Open Gates.
Wm. Forester
10 00
14 80
2 00
3 75
25
I 45
50
1 00
7 25
2 25
2 GO
Wm. Emily
" 11....
" 11....
A. H. White
" 11....
J. Legge
" 11....
A. H. White
" 11....
J. Legge
" 11....
A. H. White
" 11....
J. Legge
" n....
"" 11....
<<
Rents for Booths and Stands.
R. Vance, for booths
46 00
Sept. 10....
300 00
162 00
32 00
105 m
50 00
11 00
4 00
70 30
10 00
16 00
20 00
2 00
5 00
5 00
3 40
5 00
13 60
270 00
" 10
" 10....
Ira Morgan, stands
•' 12....
R. Vance
" 12....
" 12....
Ira Morgan
" 12....
E. Jackson
" 12....
R. Vance
Oct. 4....
H. Wade, for Mr. Vanvick
4 ...
" R. Scarlet
" 4....
" 4....
" D. M. Hartman
" 4....
" 4....
" 4....
•*• 4....
" R. Cottonbe
4....
"' 4....
" G. McBroom, received for licenses
1091 16
Oct. 4 . . . .
14 00
447 00
142 75
56 35
29 60
102 25
243 50
" 4....
' ' rents for horse stables
4....
" 4....
" " sheep
" 4....
4....
" " poultry
4....
Grand Stand.
W. C. Hall, Grand Stand tickets
1035 46
Sept. 10....
1 90
8 10
2 25
30
136 20
43 40
80 55
152 00
74 60
28 25
35 00
15 00
" 10....
F.Hall
" 10....
F. Anderson
" 11....
J. Legge
" 11....
F. Hall
" 11....
S. Chadwick
" 12....
W. C. Hall
'• 12....
F. Hall
" 12....
" 12....
S. Chadwick
W. C. Hall.:
^' 12 ...
W. Auld
•" 12....
S. Chadwick
221
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 8).
A. 1890
TREASURER'S REPORT FOR 1889.— Continued.
RECEIPTS.
Brought forward
Grand Stand.
F. Hall .
J. Ragan
General Superintendent receipts.
Cakbiage Tickets.
W. Auld, carriage tickets
Prize Account.
J. Graham, Ontario Creamery Association, for prizes.
H. W. Forsythe, cheque returned
W. Taylor "
M. Hays "
Canada Co., cheque
W. Weld, special prize . .
Clydesdale Association
Eastern Dairymen Association grant
H. Wade, cash from Local Committee.
Loan Account.
Proceeds of note discounted
Members' Fees.
H. Wade, account members' fees
Miscellaneous.
H. Wade, refund on Bunderth's account,
No.
$ 0.
67 60
4 25
451 26
3 50
23 70
47 25
100 00
3 00
3 00
10 00
100 00
35 00
40 00
100 00
159 00
1000 00
143 00
100 00
577 00
16 10
649 4a
451 2&
74 45.
391 00
159 00
1000 00
920 00
16 10
29367 61
222
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 8).
A. 1890
TREASURER'S REPORT FOR 1889 .—Continued.
1889.
Jan. 4.
4.
" 31.
" 31.
Feb. 26.
Mar. 29.
" 29.
April 27!
" 27.
May 27.
" 27.
June 20.
" 20.
July 13.
" 13.
Sept. 20.
" 24
Oct. "4!
4.
" 31.
" 31.
Nov. 25.
" 25.
Dec. 26.
" 26.
Jan.
31...
"
31...
Feb.
20...
Apri]
9....
6...
I.
9...
Oct.
0. . .
"
5...
"
i)
"
5....
"
9...
"
9....
Jan.
31
Feb.
20
Mar.
29
May
11
"
27
June
26
"
26
July
6
"
18
Oct.
4
"
4
"
9
"
25
Nov.
6
"
7
Dec.
9
"
31
PAYMENTS.
Salaries.
J. I. Hobson, auditor
J. B. Smyth, "
Geo. Graham, salary for January.
H. Wade,
G. Graham,
H. Wade,
G. Graham,
H. Wade,
G. Graham,
H. Wade,
G. Graham,
H. Wade,
G. Graham,
G. Graham,
H. Wade,
February
March
February and March .
April
April
May
July.
Geo. Mc Broom, local secretary.
H. Wade, salary for August
H. Wade, '■' October . . .
Geo Graham, " "
H. Wade, " November
Geo. Graham, " "
H. Wade, " December.
Geo. Graham, " "
August and September.
September
Educational Scheme.
J. A. B. Sleightholme, balance of prize.
Mail Job department, printing
Stock Journal Co.. advertisement ....
W. Weld, advertisement ed. scheme . . .
Massey Manuf'g. Co., advertisement. . .
Globe Printing Co., " ....
T. Reynolds, Agl. Exms., 2nd Class. . . .
Geo. A. Brodie, " "
C. A. Zavitz, " "
J. Davidson, Exam. Papers ,
C. C. .James, "
A. E. Meyer, Examination ,
Postage Stamps.
H. Wade. p. stamps as reg. fees for January.
H, Wade, for postage stamps . .
p. stam]js as fees for March
cheoues for p. stamps
p. stamps for reg. fees
13. stamps as reg. fees
cheques for p. stamps
p. stamps as reg. fees
" " for July
" " August. . . .
" " September
Paid for p. stamps
H. Wade, p. stamps as reg. fees
(leo. Graham, cheque for postage stamps
H. Wade, p. stamps as fees
H. Wade, " "
Carried forivard
No.
1
2
7
8
20
21
21J
37
38
47
48
51
52
63
64
377
567
687
687i
734
735
752
753
770
771
10
11
17
29
32
656
657
658
686
693
693i
691
699
732
742
745
757
772
$ c.
30 00
30 GO
33 00
190 00
190 00
190 00
66 00
190 00
33 00
190 00
33 00
190 00
33 00
190 00
33 00
66 00
190 00
150 00
190 00
190 00
33 00
190 00
33 00
190 00
37 00
5 00
26 00
5 40
6 00
2 40
2 00
15 00
20 00
25 00
10 00
12 25
25 00
5 75
27 00
11 50
8 00
5 75
5 75
50 00
50 00
13 25
7 00
11 00
11 75
10 00
11 GO
10 00
10 00
11 50
2890 00'
164 0&
259 25>
223
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 8).
A. 1890
TEEASURER'S REPORT FOR 18S9.— Continued.
PAYMENTS
No.
Brought forward.
Board Expenses.
To members exps. attg. meeting at Toronto.
" Council exps. " London.
" " " Toronto.
Herd Book.
13
39
738
14
Mail P. Co., Herd Book Printing
\V. Weld, advertisement Clydesdale | 28^
Mail Job department, printing i 30
The Schlecht & Field Co., special 30.^
34
H. Wade, herd book
Hunter, Kose & Cc. account, 3 vol. herd book
" •' bal. book printing
" " herd book, printing in full
Stationery.
Mail Printing Co., stationery
Brown Bros. "
John Millas, "
46
50
57
15
40
67
72
Hunter, Rose & Co. , book binding j 765
Brovi^n Bros., stationery ! 766
Miscellaneous.
H. Wade, for acts
E. M. Edwards, red ink
H. Wade, exps
Bad bill refunded
T. Waters, fat stock show, Guelph
Members' Fees, International Fair. .
C. A. D. Bounter, bill posting
Insurance.
North British Insurance Co. (library).
Insurance on buildings
Furniture.
George Call, office furniture
Legal Expenses.
Johnston & McLean, closing mortgage, etc.
Repairs to Buildings.
P. Jamieson, repairs to ceiling
*' " buildings.
Carried forward
23
231
43'
44
756
768
768A
25
28
45
741
190 32
242 92
170 72
7 50
2 50
21 75
4 40
6 00
3 60
500 00
310 98
276 00
17 .50
11 40
1 69
0 70
4 00
10 35
23 72
0 50
5 06
10 00
60 00
10 00
1 00
18 75
65 00
5 67
8 66
97 00
10 90
603 96
1132 73
45 64
110 28
83 75
5 67
66
107 90
224
■53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 8).
A. 1890
TREASURER'S REPORT FOR 1889.— Continued.
1889.
Sept. 13...
" 13..'.
" 20...
JSTov. 19...
" 31.
July 13.
Dec. 18.
>ran.
4....
April
9...
■July
8...
•Jan.
31....
<i
31....
Feb.
20....
"
20...
J^ov.
2....
<l
2....
"
2....
X
2....
<(
19....
<(
19....
*'
18....
9...,
15...,
15...
15....
15...,
15....
15....
15....
16...
15...,
15...
15...
15...
16...
PAYMENTS
Brought jorward
Prize Farms.
F. Green,. inspection of farms
J. I. Hrbson, "
J. B. Freeman, "
Wm. Donaldson "
Interest Account.
J. I. Hobson, interest on note of $25.00 from 13th Oct., 1887,
to 27th Dec
J. I. Hobson, for Miss Laugrhrin's interest
J. I. Hobson, Miss Laughrin's interest for 24 days, on $25.00
do., on $10,000 for 6 months
H. Wade, dis. on note
Petty Cash.
H. Wade, petty cash — telegraphing
Office Expenses.
Secretary's office expenses
H. Wade, for office expenses, sundry accounts
4 ink stands, secretary's office
Advertising.
R. Polk, advertising
Canada Railway News
J. 0. Drewny, advertising expenses, 18
Empire P. Co. " " '
Rural Canadian, advertising
Railroad News, "
The British Whig, "
H. J. Hill
Times Printing Co
The World
Mail Job Department
Printing.
Mail Job Department, printing.
W.H.Robertson,
J. S. Purse & Co., "
Citizen's Printing Co., advertising
Massey Co., "
( 'anadian Live Stock Co. "
Empire P. Co., "
Imes & Davidson, "
The Daily Journal Co., "
Globe P. Co.,
Free Press P. Co,, "
Roy & Summer ville "
Mail Job Department, "
Carried forward
No.
73
80 00
74
63 25
378
75 00
749
60 00
62
769
694
5
9
16
16i
736"
737
738
739
747
748
762
31
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
709
708
710
711
712
32 00
210 00
310 00
17 85
10 72
6 42
5 18
7 00
6 50
6 00
4 00
9 00
4 00
20 00
3 84
10 00
5 00
4 80
129 25
29 00
145 50
00
50
00
00
00
5
1
4
4
6
18 00
4 20
4 00
25 80
428 90
3 60
67 80
278 25
569 85
10 72
18 60
202 39
15 (A. A.)
225
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 8).
A. 1890
TREASURER'S REPORT FOR 19S9.— Continued.
PAYMENTS.
Drought forward
Jos. Bain & Son, advertising .
Advertiser P. Co., "
Stratford Times, "
E. J. B. Pense, "
Railroad News Advt. Co., advertising.
C. M. Mitchell,
Dominion Railvv'ay News Co., "
Canadian R. News Co., "
Kingston Neivs, "
Rents.
Hon. A. M. Ross, for heating store.
Exhibition Expenseis.
Ira Morgan, expenses engrossing address and other expenses.
G. McBrooin, expenses
H. Wade, for clerks before Exhibition
" travelling and telegraphing
Toronto Lithograph Co
C, M. Edwards, 4 quarts mucilage
J. Evans, on account of straw
Grand Trunk freight
P. P. Kennedy, baloon ascension. Local Committee
Lucius Henry, for bands
Dairy Department, attendance
Local Committee, balance of baloon ascension
" " speeding in the ring
Mrs. Shannon, lady driver
Lunch for Treasurer's clerks, 2 days
J. Legg, lunches for gate keepers
Western Fair Association, special grant. . .
J. Evans, for straw, for balance
Jas. Kennedy, calling horses to ring
I.Nixon, " " " ■••■.
Wm. Farden, band master, playing at Fair
C. Topping, taking the hay and straw
Jas. Hook, building fence and ladies' saloon
Prof. Robertson, milk test
Wm. Jameson, ''
John Mitchell, H orticultural pay list
Henry Arnott, cartage and hire of safes
Ticket sellers' pay list
J. Hook, worknien building pig pens
Members' pay list
Arts Department, pay list
J. W. Bauilt, hardware
General Superintendent, caretakers' pay list. ,
E. Jackson, Superintendent Main Building pay list
Secretary's office, pay list
General Superintendent, pay list
Gate keeper .
Treasurer's expenses
J. W. Bauilt. supplies
Dominion Express
H. McConnell, building pig pens .
Mary May, cleaning offices
American Express Co
Local Committee, stallion trotting, Wednesday
No.
Carried forward
392
18
26
54
55
58
59
66
68
69
70
75
75^
76
77
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
10!)
713
5 00
714
179 40
715
3 50
716
2 60
717
58 00
718
3 75
759
50 00
760
40 00
761
4 80
200 00
14 00
5 00
60 00
8 ]8
200 00
2 00
100 00
9 28
45 00
26 00
48 50
355 00
125 00
20 00
80
7 50
1,000 00
187 60
7 50
9 00
90 00
12 00
75 00
15 00
7 50
91 46
5 00
138 00
26 65
394 04
66 50
1 76
213 37
147 70
185 70
305 30
256 75
14 75
1 27
9 95
205 50
6 50
4 55
15 00
1,100 25
200 oa
226
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 8).
A. 1890
TREASURER'S REPORT FOR 1889.— Co?^<^^ .d
1889.
Oct.
13....
(1
13....
"
13....
"
13....
"
13...
"
13....
"
13....
"
13...
<(
14 ...
((
14 ...
"
14....
"
14....
<(
14....
<(
14....
"
14....
"
14....
"
14 ... .
"
14....
"
14....
"
14....
"
14....
14....
II
14....
"
14....
t(
14 ..
(t
20....
"
20...
"
20....
(<
24 ..
"
24....
"
24....
"
24....
((
24....
"
24....
"
24....
<i
24...
"
24....
"
24....
"
24....
<(
24....
"
24....
Oct.
4...
«'
4....
««
4 ...
"
4....
.c
4....
»<
4...
"
4....
('
4....
"
4...
.<
4....
"
4....
(I
4...
"
4....
"
4....
"
4 ...
"
4....
"
4....
"
4....
t<
4...
PAYMENTS
Brought forivard
Exhibition Expenses.
Night watch
Work done, previous to Exhibition
P. Edwards, cleaning closets
Water commissioners
F. E. Wheeler, hardware
Ferguson Bros. , lumber
Clerks in Treasurer's office
H. Wade, to pay Smidtz account
Local Committee, pony riders and hurdle riders, J. Burke.
Attendants at horse ring
J. B. Smyth, Superintendent Carriage Department
H, Snow, boy rider
•Judges, Local Committee
John Dy ment, running races
H. Shotf, races
James McCartney, races
E. F. Johnston, "
L. Odell, "
A. Richardson, trotting
W. A. Sage, "
Albert Baker, races
J. Kulcher, "
John Cook, "
W. H. Winnett. lumber
N. W. Telegraph Co
W. E. Jackson, cattle feed .
J. F. Smith, per H. Wade, use of chairs
W. E. Wiscott, band
Local Committee, John Rundell, trotting
J. R. Mitcheltree, races
W. Bradshaw, "
W. A. Brock, making locks, etc
Wm. Young, working on grounds
James I. Anderson, stationery
London Machine Tool Co., oil, etc
Thos. Green & Co. , load of shavings
Jas. E. Henry & Son, bill posting
P. J. Culhane, "
Thos. Quinn & Co., "
R. W. Allen, "
Jas. I. Anderson, stationery
Executive Committee, expenses at London, July 31
Barber & Ellis, account — H. Wade, account
Office specialty. "
Alail Job Department, "
F. X. Cousineaux & Co., ribbons, "
W. A. Murray & Co., " "
R.Simpson, " "
W. Brunton, auctioneer to Mr. Wade
W. Wild, printing
Brown Bros., books and stationery
Alexander & Cable, lithograph
J. Underwood, ink
W. W. Butcher, posting notices
H. Wade, postage
" petty cash
Miss Christie, making badges
Lyston & Barnett, sundries
W. R. Callaway, band tickets
E. M. Hunt, mounting posters ,
Carried forivard
No.
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
119i
187
3fi4
365
366
307
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
515
516
517
518
519
520
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
43 00
89 25
14 00
33 01
35 58
205 43
63 00
51 70
35 00
26 50
15 00
10 00
520 00
70 00
20 00
25 GO
70 00
90 00
20 00
65 00
10 00
50 00
10 00
74 76
1 76
237 45
1 00
70 00
40 00
15 00
25 00
3 00
24 00
1 13
14 05
3
1
90 11
19 44
2 50
374 00
7 52
10 40
2 .50
10 00
100 00
38 95
70 00
60
50 00
21 75
24 65
26 75
1 25
34 00
97 90
227
63 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 8).
A. 1890
TR-.ASURER'S REPORT FOR 1 8 89.— Continued.
PAYMENTS
Brought forward .
Exhibition Expenses.
A. Sharp, ribbons
W. W. Butcher, posting notices, balance
H. Jackfeon & Co., " " "
C. P. R. Telegraph
Geo. MoBroom, cartage
" expenses
W. Wild, printing
H. Wade, bill pasting account . .
" expenses
' ' clerks
McDonnell & Digman, for F. Rankin, bill posting. .
W. Mcintosh, "
E. Leonard & Sons, use of engine
Henry Merrith, janiter
D. Roach, running races, Local Committee
D. A. McEwen, trotiing, "
C. A. Walker, racing, "
B. Barnes, " "
Miss Madigan, lady driver, "
W. J. Thompson, single roadster. Local Committee.
J. Fulcher, steeplechase, "
John Barnes, racing, "
H. McLurg, trotting, "
Mr. Butle'r salary, "
Sundry expenses, "
Badges for the ring, "
A. Smith, V.S., Exhibition expenses, "
Geo. McBroom, "
H. Wade, expenses to Chieago and Milwaukee
Paid as per General Superintendent, account
H. Wade, postage, cartage, etc
Advertiser Printing Co
Pkizes.
J. Wanless, 2 silver medals, Veterinary College
" 1 gold medal, Clydesdale Association.
Thos. Guy, Ayrshire. .
R. J. Graham, apples
.J. Wringer, butter
H. Boycr, fine arts
Smith Bros., Holstein cattle
Mrs. E. Ironside fancy work
N. Graham, carriage horses
C. Darling, rondster
W. Hay, fruit and vegetables
F. E. Fleming, Hereford cattle
R. Morgan, sheep
Horace Chisholm, seeds and turnips
W. .1. Rudd, Devon cattle
B. Pile, horses
Mrs. R. F. Kettlewell, fine arts
H. Dorsey & Son, poultry and pigs
Helen Prain, ladies' work
Mrs. S. Drummond, ladies' work
Mrs. Baffnell "
E. Terryberry, fruit and vegetable
R. Currie. fruit
Clayton Field, fruit and vegetables
No.
Carried forward
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
688
689
690
695
696
697
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
740
743
750
754
755
767
35
36
71
78
79
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
138
137
$ c.
$ e.
2 60
86 50
6 00
3 74
1 50
27 28
64 50
82 27
29 67
60 00
72 23
14 90
190 00
3 00
20 00
15 00
15 00
40 00
10 00
15 00
60 00
15 00
20 00
18 00
10 50
6 00
10 00
6 00
40 00
313 .58
9 75
13 00
13 50
40 00
162 00
5 00
45 00
5 00
167 00
3 00
20 00
10 00
5 00
188 00
15 00
3 00
157 00
16 00
2 00
142 00
5 00
14 50
7 00
28 50
31 50
28 50
228
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 8).
A. 1890
TREASURER'S REPORT FOR 1889— Contimied.
1889.
Sept. 14.
" 14.
" 14.
" 14.
" 14.
" 14.
" 14.
" 14.
" 14.
•' 14.
" 14
" 14.
" 14.
" 14.
" 14.
" 14.
" 14.
" 14.
" 14.
" 14.
" 14
" 14.
" 14
" 14.
" 14.
" 14.
" 14.
" 14.
" 14.
" 14.
" 14.
" 14.
" 14.
" 14.
" 14
" 14.
" 14.
" 14.
" 14.
" 14.
" 14.
" 14.
" 14.
" 14.
" 14.
" 14.
" 14.
" 14.
" 14.
" 14.
" 14.
" 14.
" 14.
" 14.
" 14.
" 14.
" 14.
" 14.
" 14.
" 14.
PAYMENTS.
Brought forward.
Prizks.
Malcolm McCarthy, Cotswold
Geo. Cairns, fruit and vegetables
Malcolm Campbell, carriage horse
M.J.Campbell "
Bremer Bros. , cigars
Thos. Howard, potatoes
C. H. Bampfiylde, fruit
G J. Miler "
Henry Lutz, domestic wines
J. D. Lutz ..
" domestic wines
Wm. Luck, field grain
J. Gardner, fruit ,
S. K. Davidson, fine art
H. Marshall, fruit ■
John Doyle, field roots
David Beattie, fruit and poultry
L. G. Davey, horse
J. P. Folton, ladies' work
J. H. EUman, poultry and potatoes
Thos. Olde, vegetables
" potatoes
H. Snell & Sons, cattle, horses, etc
J. McMillan & Sons, horse.^
Robt. Lacey, cheese
Archie Burns, garden vegetables
Wyton's Stock Breeders Association, Holsteins
P Whelihan, Percheron horses .
A. & J. W. Salmon, Suffolk horses
Ida Weber, ladies' work
A. Flawn, poultry
Miss A. Morphy, ladies' work
Thos. Celledge, potatoes
B. F. Taylor, ladies' work'
J. Hurson, poultry
G. Leith, provisions
E. Leith, groceries and provisions
J. F, Welsh, flowers
J. Fulcher, horses
Geo. Hinson, poultry
C. G. Cruikshanks, horse
E. L. Gower, fine arts — water colors
Miss C. B. Bayley, ladies' work
Mrs. E. Crane, ladies' work, fine arts
Thos. Brennan, poultry
Mrs. A. C. Fisher, crayon, colored
Mrs. J. A. Mann, ladies' work
Kaines Bros., beans, 'butter, Ayrshire
S. Young, horse
Miss B. Goldsberry, ladies' work
Eliza Corrie, wool goods ,
Wm. Taylor, garden vegetables ,
Wm. Oliver, hops
D. C. Florence, horse
J. D. Rose, natural history
Henry Heth, poultry
Wm. E. Wright, spring wheat
Mrs. W. Just, sepia
W. Harper, horses
John D. Moore, bale of hops . . :
No.
Carried forward
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
172
173
174
175
176
177
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
18S
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
5 00
34 00
6 00
7 00
4 00
2 00
43 50
49 50
28 50
21 00
54 00
15 00
49 00
58 00
78 00
6 00
4 00
6 00
15 50
9 00
18 00
9 00
35 00
14 00
6 00
10 50
113 00
41 00
36 00
00
00
00
00
00
00
3
2
3
4
2
2
16 00
22 00
3 00
6 00
2 00
6 00
2 00
13 00
30 00
2 00
3 00
4 00
109 00
10 00
6 00
5 00
3 00
8 00
20 00
18 00
8 00
12 00
3 00
20 00
12 00
229
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 8).
A. 1890
TREASURER'S REPORT FOR \%%^.— Continued.
1889.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
PAYMENTS.
Brought forward.
Prizes.
Mrs. A. Kirkwood, ladies' work . . .
A. B. Lamb, poultry
M. D. Moscrip, portrait
C Burrell, horse
J. D. Hodgins, horse
A. C. Johnston, fine art
J. W. Saunders, poultry
W. D. A. Ross, fruit
J.D.Ross "
W. S. Bartwell, perfumes
Thos. Elmes, field grain, etc
John Sutton, fruit and vegetables
John Conn, horse
Mrs. J. D. Graham, ladies' work, .
J. W. Whealey, honey
Wm. Hodson, horses
Jas. Griffith, fine art
W. H. R. Talbot, poultry, roots. . .
Mrs. VV. Just, fine art
202
203
205
206
207
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
W. H. R. Talbot, fruit and vegetables | 223
No.
VV. Hartman, honey, grain, etc.
M. Sireman, poultry .
Lottie Griffin, herbs
" vegetables and flowers.
VV. E. Flannagan, flowers
A. & R. Hislop. field roots
" carrots
M. L. Dodson, fine arts, oils
John Haskett, grains
Alba Kennedy, maple syrup
N . Sireman, poultry
J. E. Sayer, counterpane
" maple syrup
Miss Skinner, jellies
Samuel Pope, fruit and flowers
' ' chicory
A. McLachlan, penmanship
Emma Haskett, woolen goods
E. Wells, class 49
Geo. Burchett. flowers
M. Lewis, ladies' work
G. Lewis, grains and dairy products .
A. McPherson, natural history
C. F. Rathwell, ladies' work
Miss S. Muir "
S. Sargent, natural history
R. B. Cody, poultry
" screen
Miss Emily L. Green, ladies' work . .
Ed. Waugh, butter
B. Cornell, roots ,
R. VVhelter, cattle, grain, roots
E. H. Shannon, ladies' work
•J. Gammage & Sons, flowers
C. Sutherlhnd, horses
Ed. Armstrong "
Mrs. W. Stewart, woollen goods ....
John Rudd, class 43
R. McEwen, horse
Alex. Gould, fruit
Carried forward
230
224
204
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
287
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
21 00
22 00
5 00
15 00
101 00
28 00
6 00
4 00
25 50
4 00
21 00
15 00
8 00
8 00
10 00
4 00
20 00
42 00
3 00
34 00
39 00
3 00
4 00
17 00
4 00
7 00
1 00
71 00
7 00
4 00
1 00
3 00
1 00
3 00
40 00
3 00
8 00
9 00
67 00
6 50
5 00
16 00
26 00
1 00
11 00
9 00
1 00
2 00
17 00
23 00
6 00
19 00
4 00
GO 50
25 00
6 00
6 00
16 00
15 00
16 00
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 8).
A. 1890
TREASURER'S REPORT FOR 1889.— Continued.
1889.
Sept
. 14
14
14
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
14.
PAYMENTS
Brought forward
Prizes.
Wm. Moore, poultry
Wm. Murray, field roots
P. Ryder, horse
Helen \ i'loults, ladies' work ....
W. Hii . fine art
C J, E con, poultry
O'Neil &; Ferguson, poultry ....
Geo. Bartlett " ....
Geo. Parkinson, potatoes
Wm. Warner, flowers
Mrs. R. Haylock, ladies' work . .
H. J. Forsythe, fine art
Mrs. M. Mortimer, ladies' work.
Thos. Hyslop, vegetables .... .
Julia Patton, classe.s 55 and 67. .
John Cortney, flowers
O. Beaudry, field roots
J. Marcelais "
Mrs. R. E. Bissell, counterpane . . .
H. Shoff, horse
J. Robson, dairy butter * . .
H. H. Sancr'ck, carving wood
A. Pay, fruit
A. G. Hull, fruit
John Holt, vegetables and flowers .
John Patton, ladies' work
S. E. Partridge, flowers
Wm. ] )udenhoffer, fruit
J. G. Pretchett, poultry
Wm. Hislop, pigeone
J. B. Echer, honey
J. Westervelt, penmanship
Mrs. Field, ladies' work
M. Neilson " fine art....
G. C. Marshall, fruit
J. B. Hunt, fine arts, oils
E. M. & G. Charlton, horse
Charlton & Oliver, horso
H. Swaffield, fruit and vegetables..
R. W. Angus, drawing of engine. . ,
Laidlaw & Jackson, sheep
R. Heather, garden vegetables
Mrs. Alex. Begg, jelly, etc
Ed. Luckhurst, cow
Mrs. G. Webster, ladies's work . . . .
G. Greenians, field grain and seeds.
A. J. Clifton, horses
R. Wilson, field grain
Jas. Brading, horses
J. M. Connell, vegetables
David Palmer, poultry and roots. . .
F. Peck, field roots
W. M. Peck, field roots
F. Peck, fruit and vegetables
E. A. Jones "
E. C. Fearmside "
J. Alston, natural history
W. S. & C. M. Greenway, flowers ,
Miss E. Seaborn, fine arts
No.
Carried forward
2;il
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
38 00
12 00
10 00
2 00
13 00
1 00
4 00
4 00
3 00
9 00
18 00
3 00
2 00
14 50
21 50
40 00
41 00
16 00
26 00
3 00
15 00
6 00
3 00
35 00
24 00
7 00
3 00
8 00
15 00
13 00
1 00
21 00
4 00
12 00
24 00
17 50
10 00
52 00
20 00
18 00
2 00
28 GO
3 00
7 00
5 00
1 00
44 00
30 00
136 00
12 00
4 00
15 00
38 00
13 00
17 00
15 50
24 50
4 00
53 00
22 00
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 8).
A. 1890
TREASURER'S REPORT FOR 1889.— Continued.
PAYMENTS.
No.
S c.
Brought forward.
Prizes.
J. H. Roberts, flowers
Miss Burgess, ladies' work
R. R. Osgoode, fine arts
John C. Boltram, poultry
A. Libbs, "
Jane E. Price, maple syrup
F. Lewis, poultry and flowers
Fred Cook, horse
W. H. Crowin, poultry
W. Broman, fruit
W. L. Harris, "
Geo. A. Weese, fruit, etc
Robt. Scott, poultry
Mrs. Wm. McKenzie, ladies' work. .
John Dyment, horses
A Bradford, confectioner
John Dyment, horses
Mrs. E. W. Davis, fine arts
Eliza Craig, yarn
Jas. Crearer, cattle
J. A. Cuddy, roadster horse
A. Hughes, horses
Chas. Grant, honey, grain
Wm. McLeod, poultry
Amy Buckle, ladies' work, fine arts.
C. N. Abott, fine arts
J. S. O. Huggins, fine arts
A. Gillick, flowers
Bessie Broddie, quilt patchwork
J. Busby, flowers
A. L. Peterson, Jersey bull
J. R. Seavey, fine arts
Albert Steele, field roots
Abel Steele, garden vegetables
R. Robinson, woollen goods
" jar of extracted honey.
Maggie Mills, fine art
J. O. Kale, fruit, flowers, etc
A. Reid, fruit and flowers
G. Anderson, flowers
Jas. Murray, garden vegetables
G. Green, horses
D. E. Adams, horses
H. J. Davis, cattle
J. & W. Russell, cattle .•
J. & W. Russell, cattle
R. and S. Nicholson, cattle
J. Morgan & Sons, "
J. Currie, "
T. Russell, "
C.M.Simmons, "
J. A. McKillop, horses . .
J. S. A. McFarlane, horses
H. G. Taylor, horse
W. A. Cunningham, horse
A J. McCarty, "
Jno. Gunning, "
Jno. Oliver, Clyde horse
A. B. Scott & Son, horses
Carried forward
.323
324
325
326
327
228
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
330
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
13 00
4 00
8 00
1 00
1 00
3 00
13 00
8 00
16 00
11 00
17 00
23 50
16 00
7 00
66 00
7 00
8 00
10 OO
2 00
30 00
6 00
21 00
47 00
41 00
21 00
2 00
8 00
2 00
3 00
7 00
20 00
32 00
9 00
14 00
4 00
2 00
10 00
19 50
21 00
22 00
8 00
10 00
49 00
20 00
122 00
50 00
81 00
62 00
40 00
57 00
5 00
10 00
20 00
6 00
8 00
15 00
25 00
20 00
31 00
232
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 8).
A. 189a
TREASUEER'S REPORT FOR 1889.— Continued.
1889.
PAYMENTS.
Sept. 24..
" 24..
" 24..
" 24..
" 24..
" 24..
" 24..
" 24..
" 24..
" 24..
" 24..
" 24 .
•' 24..
" 24..
" 24..
" 24..
" 24..
" 24..
" 24..
" 24..
" 24..
" 24..
" 24..
" 24..
" 24..
" 24..
" 24..
" 24..
" 24..
" 24.,
" 24.,
" 24..
" 24..
" 24..
" 24..
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
" 24
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
'• 24.
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
Brought foncard.
Prizes.
Hugh Thompson, "
L. Meredith, saddle horse
W. D. Stewart, carriage
L. J. W. Shipley, horses
J. Sifton, carriage
D. Flood, "
John Hope, (for T. Nelson & Sons) cattle
Jos. Beck, Suffolk horse
D. McPherson, horses
T. McMichall, draught horses
J. C. Coughlin, horses
H. George & Sons, horses
Prouse & Williamson, horses
D. andO. Sorbey, "
R. Beith & Co., "
Jos. Vance, horses
T. Donkins & Sons, horses
Ormsby & Chapman, horse
Nichol Bros., sheep
J. G. Snell & Bro., sheep and pigs
S. A. Denison, roadster horse
R. A. Oliver, carriage horse
R. Embery,
W.R.Newton, "
W. B. McLean, "
Jas. O'Neil, "
Carvin & .Johnston, "
Cameron & Dewar, "
J. Carvin & Sons, "
F. Row, "
M. S. Buchanan, roadster horse...
S. P. Thompson, "
G. B. McLeod, "
G. Knight, "
A. Inglesbv, "
D. Carroll, roadster
J. Whitton, "
S. Abraham, "
R. M. Wilson, roadster and carriage.
R. J. Wood, roadster
R.Clyde, "
C. Henry, "
G. A. Routledge, roadster '
F. Rosser, "
Paul & Charlton, "
G. P. DeLong, "
H. McLurg, "
J. A. Gould, Poland china
W. H. Beattie, sheep, etc
Geo. Baker, Southdown
J. Jackson & Sons, Southdown
J. and J. Smith, Shropshire
Rice & Gibson, "
D. H. Dale, Southdown
T. C. Douglas, "
A. Telfer & Sons, "
M. H. Cochrane, cattle
Samuel Harper, Devon cattle
W. Stewart, jr., Ayrshire
A. Gerrard, "
No.
407
403
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
466
467
I c
Carried forward
12 00
10 00
15 00
10 00
15 00
10 00
155 00
33 00
16 00
16 00
15 00
16 00
41 00
66 00
141 00
10 00
30 00
20 00
19 00
292 GO
6 00
4 00
15 00
10 00
10 00
5 00
15 00
30 00
16 00
20 00
10 00
15 00
6 00
19 00
26 00
4 00
5 00
13 00
77 00
5 00
15 00
4 00
10 00
5 00
15 00
25 00
25 00
10 00
18 00
8 00
126 00
4 00
5 00
5 00
5 00
18 00
384 00
128 00
43 00
98 00
$ c.
233
63 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 8).
1890
TREASURER'S REPORT FOR IS89.— Continued.
1889.
Sept. 24.
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
•' 24.
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
« 24.
" 24.
" 24.
«' 24
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
" 24
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
•' 24.
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
" 23.
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
" 24.
" 24..
" 24..
PAYMENTS.
No.
Brought forward.
Prizes.
Nichol Bros., "
M. Ballantyne, "
Thos. McCrae, Galloways
Thos. Hill, Jersey
W. Kough, Galloways
Mrs. E. M. Jones, cattle
B. F. Queen, cattle and horses
D. McCallum, Jersey
Rock Bailey, "
J. Oke, cattle
E. and J. Grace}^ agl. horse and roadster. . .
N. P. McClure, V.S., thoroughbred stallion
J. Atkinson, grade
Weir & Weir, sheep and cattle
Thos. McKay, cattle
F. H. Neil, agl. horse
J. Franks, "
A. Franks & Sons, thoroughbred horse
E. Monk, agl. horse
A. McLean, "
J. and W. Pringle, Percherons
Wm. Oliver, Lincoln sheep
Ed. Kendrew, pigs
Ormsby & Chapman, pigs
W. H. Reid, Suffolk "
E. D. George, " "
H. George & Sons, horses
J. Kelly, jr., cattle
J. S. Ni van, chickens
W. H. Dunston, "
W. J. Rudd, turkeys
A. G. H. Luton, chickens
Bonnick & Co., bantams
John Tozer, chickens
Thos. Duff, "
W. H. F. Bartlett, poultry
J. B. Swaffield " ,
A. W. Graham, "
Geo. G. McCormick, "
Geo. Bedgood, "
Jas. Main, "
D. DeCoursey, hogs
Wm. Whitelaw, Leceister sheep
Wm. Walker, Lincoln "
E. Parkinson, " "
Wm. Oliver, " " .'.'.
J. Campbell, jr., Shropshire sheep
M. K. Heydon, skeleton leaves . . .
Mrs. A. McDowell, Ladies' work
A. . Terry berry, ' '
Mrs. P." Herbert, "
Mrs. H. J. Middough, "
Mrs. T. C. Austin, "
Mrs. S. G. Parks,
Mi.ss E. Hyde, "
J. D. Lutz, fruit
F. Peck, "
Ed. Kendrew, "
John Jackson, " ,
Carried forward .
234
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
506
505
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
531
532
533
5.S4
535
30 00
38 00
202 00
15 00
150 00
282 00
23 00
15 00
21 00
106 00
26 00
10 00
44 00
35 00
25 00
12 00
14 00
10 00
22 00
10 00
15 00
25 00
5 00
12 00
25 00
57 00
42 00
90 00
3 00
5 00
1 00
15 00
21 CO
7 00
2 00
3 00
C 00
3 00
28 00
7 00
70 00
35 00
25 00
61 00
19 00
73 00
135 25
3 75
2 00
1 00
2 00
2 00
4 00
4 00
2 00
6 00
2 00
4 00
8 00
4 00
58 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 8).
A. 1890
TREASURER'S REPORT FOR \^^^.— Continued.
1889.
Sept.
24.
24.
24.
24.
24.
24.
24.
24.
24.
24.
24.
24.
24.
24.
24.
24.
24.
24.
24.
24.
24.
24.
24.
24.
24.
24.
24.
24.
24.
24'.
24.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
PAYMENTS.
Brought forward..
Prizes.
Mrs. R. Vance, fruit
R. C. Griffin, carriage rug. ,
Robinson wool words, carriage rug.
J. Rutherford, fancy work
Mrs. J. H. Bowman, ''
W. H. Horseman, "
H. W. Forsythe, Fine Arts . ..
Wm. Gurd&Co.,
W. S. Saunders, "
W. K. Saunders, "
R. W. Angus,
EdyBros.,
Annie M. Be.lton, "
E. Harper, "
F.W.Elliott,
J. E. Gerson, "
0. H. Mountcastle, "
Miss Wrenshall, "
Paul Peel,
F. M. Gardner, "
Miss E. Hyde,
Miss G. Webster "
M. K. Heydon, "
Miss Gerrard, "
Mrs. T. C. Austin,
Annie Heaslip, "
A. Morphy, "
J. H. Bowman, "
Miss A. M. Kingsmill, "
A. Terryberry, "
M. Burnett, "
T. J. Ballantyne,
Gideon Moore, "
S. W. Laird,
W. F. Geron, "
E. Humphery, "
Jas. Siddle, jr., "
B. J. Connolly, "
Samuel Howard, "
T. J. Dillon, "
J. B. Swaffield, "
S. P. Kensey, "
Jas. Stonther, "
F. H. Nail, "
Arch. Wark, "
W. D. Dobson, "
Miss L. Crews, "
W. H. Bean, "
T. C. Austin, "
J. Morrison, "
W.W.Gray, "
Wm. and .J. C. Smith, cattle and poultry . . .
Henry Wade (for J. S. Harcourt & Sons), poultry.
Allan Bogue, poultry
Wm. Fox,
Allan Bo^ue, "
Jos. Featherstone, pigs
Carried forward
No.
536
537
538
540
539
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
589
590
591
592
594
595
596
597
598
4 00
2 00
4 00
2 00
30 00
2 00
3 00
4 00
14 00
30 00
2 00
22 00
2 00
2 00
10 00
5 00
3 00
16 00
10 00
3 00
0 50
1 00
4 00
2 00
1 00
19 00
3 00
5 50
1 00
2 00
7 00
30 00
30 00
32 00
8 00
5 00
12 00
5 00
12 00
8 00
4 00
10 00
40 00
18 00
5 00
14 00
4 00
6 00
25 00
25 00
20 00
142 00
10 00
34 00
58 00
36 50
31 00
122 00
141 00
32 00
285
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 8).
A. 1890
TREASURER'S REPORT FOR 1S89.— Continued.
1889.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3
5.
5.
9.
3.
31.
PAYMENTS.
Brought forioard
Pkizkb.
Smith Evans, sheep
Jas. Tolton, "
Peter Arkell, "
J. Rutherford, "
Geo. Green, "
CM. Simmons, "
•John Ackland, "
F. W. Nellis, "
R. B. Smith,
R. Oke, cattle
Wm. and J. C. Smith, poultry.
Rock Bailey, sheep
A.J. George, "
Wm. Bong,
D. Harvey, "
T. H. Parker, "
J. Lockey, "
Chas. Scott, "
W. H. Beattie, "
Thos. Magladery, "
Geo. Baker, "
Wm. and J. C. Smith, fruit.
Rock. Bailey, sheep
Allan Bogue, poultry
Wm. Herbison, "
John S. Pearce & Co., seeds
W. A. Holton, fruit
Smith & Kernan, "
B. Van Duzen, "
J. HoMer, "
F.L.Harris, "
C. W. Cline, "
A. Glass, "
J. G. Davis, flowers, fruit, vegetables.
T. H. Parker, fruit
P. McCulloch, jr., fruit
J. B. Swaffield, vegetables
A. W. Graham, corn
Chas. Scott, vegetables and flowers . . .
John Lackej% vegetables
A. Riach, vegetables and fruit
Wm. Taylor, vegetables
L. G. Jarvis, " . . .'
Branston & Dadman, vegetables
E. West, fruit
F. Trigger, flowers
Miss Woodliffe, "
Jas. White, vegetables
L. Fortuer, fruit
M. H. Schell, prize essay
C. R. Notman's, "
S. A. Sandman, "
F.J. Sleightholm, "
F. Peck, turnips
W. & J. Smith
J. Simms, horses
No.
Carried forward
599
77 00
600
18 00
601
36 00
602
23 00
603
65 00
604
5 00
605
2 00
606
2 00
607
1 00
608
22 00
609
56 00
610
12 00
611
6 00
612
86 00
613
1 00
614
17 00
615
29 00
616
4 00
618
4 00
619
27 00
620
8 00
621
31 00
622
34 00
623
4 00
624
7 00
625
33 00
626
14 00
627
15 00
628
18 00
629
52 00
630
53 00
631
44 00
632
17 00
633
15 00
634
38 00
635
43 00
636
9 00
637
11 00
638
50 00
639
2 50
642
1 00
640
38 00
641
9 50
643
29 50
644
3 00
545
7 50
646
1 00
647
17 00
648
3 00
649
7 00
650
2 00
651
2 00
652
30 00
653
20 00
654
30 00
655
20 00
698
2 00
588
50 00
733
45 00
$ e.
236
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 8).
A. 1890
TREASURER'S REPORT FOR 1889.— Continued.
1889.
PAYMENTS.
No.
$ c.
$ c.
Brought forward
Nov. 7 ...
Prizes.
Mrs. Jas. Smith, lo^ cabin quilt
744
746
751
763
3 00
15 00
2 00
472 90
" 13....
L. D, Swartout, carriage horse
" 19....
Mrs. Webster, log cabin quilt
Dec. 18....
J. Woriiless, gold and silver medals
Balance
12,574 40
29,238 97
128 64
29,367 61-
237
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 8).
A. 1890
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238
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 8).
A. 1890
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53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 8).
A. 1890
Assets and Liabilities of the Agriculture and Arts Association, December 31st, 1889.
Assets.
Liabilities.
Cash in bank
$ c.
128 64
60,000 00
1,500 00
800 00
600 00
1,500 00
Mortgage on Real Estate
$ c.
10,000 00
48 57
54,580 57
Real Estate, Agricultural Hall
Library
Balance owing Veterinary Museum. . .
Prinpfi of Walpa' TfnnH
Office furniture and safe
64,628 64
Clydesdale Stud Book
64,628 64
To the Council of the Agriculture and Arts Association :
Gentlemen, — We, your Auditors, beg leave to report that we have examined the
Treasurer's books and accounts and found them correct.
There are cheques outstanding, amounting to $73.32.
As has been the custom, every facility was afforded us by your Executive officers to
make a satisfactory audit.
Toronto, January 6th, 1889.
JOHN I. HOBSON, ) . ,.,
JASPER MARTIN. / ^'^^^^°^^'
240
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 8). A. 1890
THE TORONTO VETERINARY COLLEGE.
Exercises at the close of the Session.-
Full lid. of Honors and Graduates. The, Students addressed bij Professor Smltk
Hon. Charles Drury and others. A successful Institution. Presentation
to the Principal. Othernotes of the Closing Day.
Yesterday closed the session at Toronto Veterinary College. It was a glad-
some day for the students — particularly those who graduated. It may not be
generally known that this is one of the best colleges of its kind on the North
American continent and does no small credit to the institutions of educational
'I'oronto. The session begins in October and ends with the month of March, and
in two sessions the student can take the diploma of the college — and, if he be
clever, he may aspire to other honors, such as the diploma of the Council of the
Agriculture and Arts Association, held by many of the graduates of this institu-
tion. All through the winter the young fellows are coached by a competent staff
of professors, with Mr. Andrew Smith, F.R.C.V.S., at their head. The subjects,
as will be seen by the honor list, are varied and include practical and theoretical
training in the preservation of domestic animal life — particularly horses and
cattle. In an agricultural country like Canada such a training cannot but prove
most valuable to many young men, and it is not to be wondered at that the
college is attended by students from all parts of the Dominion, as well as the
neighboring republic.
Yestekday's Assemblage.
The students assembled in Richmond Hall at eleven o'clock yesterday for
the closing exercises. The chair was occupied by Professor Smith, and among
those with him on the platform were Sir Daniel Wilson, Hon. Charles Drury,
Minister of Agriculture, Mr. J. J, Wi throw. President of the Industrial Associa-
tion, Dr. Thorburn, Dr. Caven, Mr. H. Wade, Mr. G. B. Smith, M.P.P., Aid. Frank-
•land and Dodds, also the followino- members of the Examinino^ Board: Mr. Sweet-
apple, Oshawa ; Mr. Colman, Ottawa ; Mr. Lloyd, Newmarket ; Mr. Wilson, Lon-
don ; Mr. O'Neill, London ; Mr. Shaw, Dayton, Ohio, and Mr. Cowan, Gait.
The Principal said that the present session had been one of the most success-
ful in the history of the college. There had been a large attendance of students
from all parts of the Dominion, as also from nearly every State in the Union, and
one from no less distant a countr}' than the Sandwich Islands. (Applause.)
Although a few failed in taking their diplomas, he hoped they would not be
despondent, but stimulated to greater exertion. There had been a class of about
400 during the session, and those from across the line, he knew', had been
delighted with Toronto, and had admired its educational institutions generally.
Dr. Duncan afterwards read over the list of graduates and the prize and honor
list.
Hon. Charles Drury presented the medal of the Agriculture and Arts
Association to the winner — Mr. A. E. Sturge, of London, England — and alluded
lu the progress of Canada from an agricultural point of view, and to the immense
16 (a. A.) 241
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 8).
A. 1890
amount of money invested in live stock, which amounted in cattle alone to abo\it
$100,000,000, which pointed to the fact that Canada was fast becoming one of the
most important cattle-raising countries in the world.
Among the other speakers were Mr. J. J. Withrow, who presented the gold
medal given by the Industrial Association to Mr. F. J. Gallanough, of Thornhill,
and referred to the friendly feeling which had existed throughout the term,
between the American and Canadian students of the college. Dr. Thorburn, Aid.
Frankland and Dodds also made short addresses.
The Prize and Honor List.
Below are given the prize and honor list and the names of the graduates :
SENIORS.
Pathology.
Silver medal — J. E. Duncan,
Second prize — E. Sturge, H. H. Jen-
kins (equal).
Third prize— F. M. Hopkins, J. D.
Nighbert (equal).
Honors. — T. J. Alexander, A. G.
Alverson, L. R. Baker, J. A. Bingham,
J. Buckham, M. T. Bechtel, W. B.
Craig, W. G. Cassels, O. H. Duncombe,
A. H. Dorney, D. D. Dewey, W. T.
Gilchrist, J. Grieve, C. G. Glendinning,
W. Hamilton, L. R. Howard, J. G. Hitl,
J. J. Hougendobler, E. W. Henry, F.
J. Gallanough, T. King, M. M. Leach,
A. C. Lloyd, R. R McGahey, T. C. Mc-
quate, W. McL. Morrisoji, G. W. Mar-
shall, J. W. Manchester, W. R. J. Olds,
W. H. Pickering, C. W. Purcell, W.
Petrie, J. J. E. Poe, J. D. Quantz, F. A.
Rich, E. I. Rishel, P. Thwaites, W. S.
Stephenson, H. W. Waller, F. V.
Spensley, W. B. Trenbeth.
Anatomy.
Silver medal — E. Sturge.
Second prize — H. H. Jenkins.
Third prize — J. E. Duncan.
Honors — A. G. Alverson, F, H.
Anderson, J. E. Bingham, J. Buckham,
J. C. Callander, O. H. Duncombe, F. J.
Gallanough, W. T. Gilchrist, C. G.
Glendinning, E. W. Henry, S. R.
Howard, F. M. Hopkins, J. J. Hougen-
dobler, W. J. Johnston, H. C. Leslie,
M. Leach, A. C. Lloyd, J. Manchester.
J. W. Marshal], J. D. Nighbert, W-
Old, W. Petrie, W. H. Pickering, C. W.
Purcell, F. A. Rich, E. Richardson, E-
J. Rishel, P. Thwaites, J. W. TuUy.
Entozoa.
First prize — H. H. Jenkins and E.
Richardson (equal).
Honors — A. G. Alverson, W. H.
Blanchard, J. Buckham, W. G. Cassels,
F. Edwards, F. J. Gallanough, W. T.
Gilchrist, F. M. Hopkins. S. R. Howard,
T. King, J. Manchester, W. S. Stephen-
son, J. T. Story, E. Sturge, P. Thwaites.
Dissected Specimens.
Gold medal, given by the Toronto
Industrial Exhibition Association, —
awarded to F. J. Gallanough, Thorn-
hill, Ont.
Second prize, .$30-J. D. G. Warwick.
Third prize, $20-D. W. Rose.
Microscopy.
First prize — J. Manchester.
Second prize — H. H. Jenkins and
E. Sturge (equal).
Third prize — P. Thwaites.
Honors— F. H. Anderson, M. T.
Bechtel, J. Buckham, S. R. Howard,
A. C. Llovd, J. D. Nighbert, H. W.
Waller.
242
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 8).
A. 1890
Physiology.
Silver medal — H. H. Jenkins.
Second prize — E. Sturge.
Third prize— A. C. Lloyd.
Honors — A. G. Alverson, J. Buck-
ham, E. H. Henry, F. M. Hopkins, J.
J. Hougendobler, M. Leach, J. Man-
chester, W. Petrie, C. W. Purcell, J. D.
Quantz, F. A. Rich, J. E. Rishel, P.
Thwaites.
Materia Medica.
First prize — H. H. Jenkins.
Second prize — E. Sturge.
Third prize— C. W. Purcell.
Honors— W. C. Callander, W. G.
Cassels, J. E. Duncan, F. J. Galla-
nough, E. Henry, F. M. Hopkins, M.
Leach, W. R McMurtry, E. Richard-
son, C. A. Spicer, H. W. Waller, F. E.
Williams.
Best General Examination.
Gold medal, given by the Ontario
Veterinary Medical Association, —
awarded to E. Sturge.
Honors — J. E. Duncan, F. M. Hop-
kins, H. H. Jenkins, J. D. Nighbert.
JUNIORS.
Anatomy.
Silver medal — W. Wooton.
Second prize — J. H. Ullrich.
Third prize — R. E. Cooper, M. H.
Davitt, E. Jupp (equal).
Honors — E. Appleyard, J. T. Arrell,
O. L. Boor, H. Carnes, R. Cook, J. W.
Elliott, W. B. Elliott, R. W. Evans, A.
H. Fitch, J. J. Fyle, W. Gilpin, R.
Hesseltine, S. A. Ireland, G. Jobson,
J. A. Kelly, W. Kennedy, G. Kerr, J.
McKay, W. E. Martin, J. Mitchel, E.
S. JS'oble, J. O'Conner, A. E. Ramsay,
D. H. Rowe, H. W. Skerritt, A. Sam-
son, A. E. Tavlor, A. J. Terry, G. A.
Teeple, E. Wilson.
Pathology.
First prize — O. L. Boor, J. H.
Ullrich, P. R. Sidebottom (equal.)
Second prize — A. J. Terry, L.
A. Wright (equal).
Third prize— G. R. Teeple.
Honors — J. J. Arrell, E. Appleyard,
W. Buck, H. Carnes, R. H. Cook, W.
H. Devitt, J. W. Elliott, J. C. Elviage,
A. H. Fitch, J. J. Fyle, W. G. Gilpin,
J. Golley, S. A. Ireland, G. Jobson, T.
Johnson, C. B. Jones, S. Jupp, W.
Little, R. McCully, J. McDonald, W,
E. Martin, P. Malcolm, J R. Mitchell,
J. M. McKay, F. Morren, J. W. Nagle,
E. S. Noble, J. O'Connor, R. M. Raban,
A. E. Ramsay, W. Regan, D. H. Rowe,
W. D. Scott, J. H. Spence, H. W.
Skerritt, J. Waldron, E. Wilson, W.
Wooton, E. L. W. Yorke.
Physiology.
First Prize — J. J. Fyle.
Second prize — A. L. Boor.
Third prize— J. A. Kelly, E. Wil-
son (equal).
Honors — E. Appleyard, H. Carnes,
R. Cook, A. C. Hart, W. E. Martin, D.
H. Rowe, P. Sidebottom, L. A. Wright.
GRADUATES.
Adams, Herbert Turgeant, Clarksville,
Howard County, N.W.T.
Alexander, Thomas J., Strathroy, Ont.
Alton, William Wellesley, Appleby,
Ont.
Alverson, Alired G., Cherry Valley,
111., U.S.
Bowman, Robert C. Ilderton, Ont.
Bingham, James Edgar, Tyrone, Ont.
Bullivant, James Tempa, Florida, U.S.
Bock Aaron R., New Dundee, Ont.
Barnett, Frank E., West Salem, Wayne
County, Ohio, U.S.
Brown, Leopold Alexander, Dunboyne,
Ont.
Baker, Lewis R., Wannakee, Wis, U. S.
Becktell, Milton T., Waterloo, Ont.
Burgess, Herbert W., Berrnington, Vt.,
U.S.
243
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 8).
A. 1890
GRAB UATES — Continued.
Boucher, William Woods, South
March, Ont.
Butler, W. J., Stirling Ont,
Brindle, I). C, Chambersburg-, Pa., U. S.
Beattie, Francis Scott, Seaforth, Ont.
Blanchard, William Hutchinson, Pock-
lington, England.
Buckham, James, Brampton, Ont.
Blacklinton, Joseph C, Bate, Ohio,
U.S.
Campbell, Andrew,
Cassels, William G., Paisley, Ont.
Campbell, John R., Milton, Ont.
Campbell, Peter M., Strathro3^ Ont.
Church, Joseph Alexander,
Callander, J. C. Smith's Falls, Out.
Craig, William B., Indianapolis, Ind.,
U. S.
Donaldson, Thomas Alexander, Ont.
Doan, Berkley Potts, Port Dover, Ont.
])uncan, James Edward, Canandaigua,
N. Y., U. S.
Dunn, William H., Riga, N. Y. U. S.
Dorney, Albert H., Allentown, Pa.,
U. S.
Dewey, David D., North Manlins N.
Y., U. S.
Duncombe, Orlando Hardy, Water-
ford, Ont.
Detwiler, Charles H., Iron Bridge,
Montgomery County, Penn., U.S.
Dosweil, A., Toronto, Ont.
Diggs, Edward F., Winchester, Ind.,-
U.S.
Eaid, Charles E., Jarvis, Ont.
Eisenhart, Oscar C, Bingen, Penn.,
U.S.
Fisher, George Edward, Goderich. Ont.
Falconer, Charles Kendall, N. Y. U. S.
Franks, J. W.
Glendinning, C. G., Beli'ountain, Ont.
Gilchrist, William P., Fort Edward,
N. ¥., U. S.
Grieve, John, Seaforth, Ont.
Gordon, D. Baillie, Ottawa, Ont.
Gallanough, Fred. J., Thornhill, Ont.
Greenwood, John, Wellesley, Ont.
Hutton, Frederick G., Welland. Ont.
Hopkins, Frank M., Topeka, Kan., U. S.
Hodges, Alfred M., Nanticoke, Ont.
Holbrook, John A., Tovvnshend, Ver -
mont, U. S.
Henry, Elias Wetmore, Fredericton,
N.B.
Harrington, John Beverley, Port
Arthur, Ont.
Hill, Joseph G., Sennett, N. Y., U.S.
Hamilton, William, St. Marys, Ont.
Houo'endobler, J. J., Rohrerstown, Pa.,
U.S.
Hiffbee, William F.. Younofstown, N.
Y., U. S.
Howard, Samuel Rogers, Circleville,
Ohio.
Ide, Almon H., East Shelby, N. Y. U. S.
Jenkins, Henry H., N.W. M. Police,
North-west Territory.
Jameson, John W., Paris, Ky , U. S.
Johnston, William J., Minesing, Ont,
King, Thomas, Bluevale, Ont.
Kuhn, John Miller, Mercersburg, Pa.,
Kurtz, Alfred, Neenah, Wis., U. S.
Leach, Maurice Mackenzie, Paris, Ont.
Lloyd, Arthur C, Detriot, Mich., U. S.
Leslie, Henry Charles, Canton, Ont.
Mossom, Dundas H. E. McQ., London,
Eng.
Mullin, D. V. Montreal, Que.
Monserrat, W. T., Honolulu, Sandwich
Islands.
Marshall, Joseph W., Forest, Ont.
Manchester, John William, Sussex
Yale, N.B.
Morrison, William McLeod, Birtle,
Man.
Murray, Henry B., Port Albert, Ont.
Mcintosh, Archibald J., Toronto, Ont.
McMurtry, D. Henry, South March,
Ont.
McGregor, Charles F. Mortimere, Con-
stance, Ont.
McQuate, Theodore C, Canton, Ohio,
U.S.
McDonald, John, Petrolia, Ont.
McGahey, Robert P., Kempville, Ont.
McMicken, William Bell, Chestertield,
Ont.
McBeath, Alonzo E., Bradford, Ont.
McMurtry, W. Randolph, South
March, Ont.
McCray, W. E., Oil City, Pa., U. S.
Nighbert, James D., Palmyra, 111.,
U. S.
244
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 8).
A. 1890
GRADUATES — Continued.
Old, William R. J., Goderich, Ont.
Orr, C. H., Cairo, Mich., U. S.
Pickering, William H., Forest, Ont.
Paul, Bert E., Wayland, Mich., U. S.
Poe, John Julius Evans, Harle}^ Park,
Callow, Ireland.
Purcell, Charles Wilson, East Boston,
Mass.
Petrie, William, Watertown, N. Y., U. S.
Quantz, Jacob D., Bellantrae, Ont.
Bich, Frank Abiram, Avon, N. Y., U. S.
Eishell, Edward Ira, Vicksburg Kala-
mazoo County, Mich., U. S.
Rose, D. W„ Toronto, Ont.
Robertson, Gilbert James, Beatrice,
Neb., U. S.
Rike, Harry W., Dayton, Ohio, U. S.
Spicer, Charles A., Pittsburg, Pa., U. S.
Simons, Frank W., Marengo, Ohio,
U. S.
Smith, Charles H., Ansonia, Conn.,
U.S.
Smith, Henry Stephen, Albion, Mich.,
U. S.
Shevalier, Eugene D., Courtlandt, N.
Y., U. S.
Swingley, Jacob G., Oregon, 111., U. S.
Stephenson, William S., Tyre, N. Y.,
U.S.
Sturge, Edgar, Guelph, Ont.
Sutterby, Joseph, Batavia, JST. Y., U. S.
Stutzman, Benjamin F., Chappel, Neb.
U. S.
Story, John T., Goodwood, Ont.
Spensley, F. T., Granger, Ohio, U. S.
Saylor, David S., Wellington, Ont.
Sherrick, Harry R.
Tanner, Byron L., Mount Forest, Ont.
Tanner, Vassar E., Mount Forest, Ont.
Thwaites, Percy, Toronto, Ont.
Tully, John Walter, Chesley, Ont.
Waller, Harry Noel, Prairie Club,
Semars, Iowa.
Ward, James R., Alton, Ont.
Warwick, John D., Wingham, Ont.
Wiley, Horace H., Rochester, Mich.,
U. S.
Williams, Fred. Erwatt, Burdette, N.
Y., U. S.
Wilson, Purvis O., Drumbo, Ont.
Wilson, John, Leamington, Ont.
PRIMARY EXAMINATION.
Materia Meclica — Bates, Frank ;
Carson, David J. ; Keogh, W.
Anatomy — Anderson, Frank H. ;
Black, J. F. : Hassard, Thomas Henry ;
Howson, Charles A.; Johnston, Robert;
Hammond, Wm. D. ; Lees, A. F. ; Vail,
Albert E. ; Wilkinson, J. K. ; Edwards,
F. H. P.
Messrs. F. H. Anderson and F. H. P.
Edwards passed with great credit.
Presentation to Prof. Smith.
A pleasant feature in the proceedings was the presentation of a large picture
of the graduates in group form, with the recipients' photograph and those of the
following professors in large size underneath : J. Thorburn. M.B. ; J. T. Duncan,
M.D., H.A.R.C.V.S. ; J. Caven, M.D. ; G. Peters, M.D. ; A. H. King, V.S. ; C
Richardson, M.A., to Professor Smith. The picture, which is about six feet square
with gilt bronze frame, contained the likeness of 170 graduates. Mr. Monserrat
made the presentation, hoping the recipient might long be spared to preside over
the institvition. Professor Smith suitably replied.
Christmas examinations of the Ontario Veterinary College, December 19th,
18«9 : —
Amos, Walter, Guelph.
Anderson, Frank, H., Forest.
Black, Joseph F., Waterdown.
Bradshaw, Henry, Uxbridge.
Carson, D. J., Ottawa.
Davies, Montague A., Penn., U. S.
Edwards, Fred H. P., Iowa City, U. S.
17(A.A.)
Fawns, Robert, Sandasky, Ohio, U. S.
Foling, Ulysses S. G, Tonawanda, N.
Fyfe, John, Kincardine.
Y., U. S.
Harris, Willard H., Ransonville, N. Y.,
U. S.
Hassard, Thomas H., Caledon East.
245
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 8).
A. 1890
CHRISTMAS EXAMINATIONS, ETC. — Co7id.
Hammond, William D., Le Mars, Iowa,
U. S.
Hunt, Charles H., St. George.
Hanson, James, Toronto.
Howson, Charles A., Clinton
Joy, James J., Detroit, Mich. U. S.
Johnston, Robert, Listowel.
Johnson, James H., Toronto.
Karr, James I., Weston.
Keooh, William, Guelph.
Lynchke, Patrick J., Ottawa.
Lees, Arnold F., Sutton.
Latouiele, Edmund, Cornwall.
JMartin, John, Bright.
Niles, W. Sandford, Pleasant Mt.
Penn., U. S.
Pulford, Jefferson, Leamington.
Sharp, James, Sinicoe.
Sinclair, Moses, St. Marys.
Smith, Elias P., Port Hope.
Thompson, Robert M., Darlington,
Wis., U. S.
Todd, T. James, Midland.
Whalen, Michael, Domagrae, Mich.,
U. S.
Wilkinson, James N., Belgrave.
The following passed a primary in
Anatomy :
Lyons, William S.
Radley, Edwin C.
Routledge, William.
Priniary in Materia Medica.
Gerrow, William J.
Hatch Charles E.
McPherson, J. Gordon.
Milroy, Andrew L.
Todd John H. C.
246
63 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 9).
A. 1890
REPORT
THE HON. THE PROVINCIAL SECRETARY
ON THE WORKING OF THE
TAVERN AND SHOP LICENSES ACTS
IFOI^ THE ■X'JS.A.I^
1889.
PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY.
TORONTO .
PRINTED BY WARWICK & SONS, 68 AND 70 FRONT STREET WEST.
1890.
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 9). A. 1890
CONTENTS.
Pagk
Pbbpace V
Schedule A.— Shewing the Licenses issued, extended, transferred or removed, and the Revenue
received by the Province therefrom in 1886-7, 1887-8 and 1888-9 (by Districts) . ... 2
Schedule B.— Comparative Statement of the number of Licenses issued from 1874 to 1888 inclusive,
(by Counties, and Cities separated from Counties) 6
Schedule C. — Statement in detail of Licenses issued, extended, transferrred or removed in the
Municipalities, and the amount paid to such Municipalities, during 1886-7, 1887-8
and 1888-9 (by Cities, Towns, Townships and Incorporated Villages) 20
Schedule D. — Amount of Fines collected, and amounts paid for Expenses of Commissioners and
Salaries of Inspectors in 1886-7, 1887-8 and 1888-9 62
Schedule E, — Comparative Statement of Commitments for Drunkenness to the County Gaols, from
1876 to 1888 inclusive 64
Schedule F. — Shewing the result of voting on The Canada Temperance Act in 1884 and 1885 65
Schedule G. — Shewing the result of voting for repeal of The Canada Temperance Act in 1888 and
1889 66
Scheeule H. — Comparative Statement of vote polled in Counties where The Canada Temperance
Act was carried in 1884 and 1885 with vote polled for repeal in 1888 and 1889 67
Schedule I. —Names and post offices addresses of Inspectors of Licenses 68
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 9).
A. 1890
LICENSE REPORT.
Peovincial Secretary's Office.
License Branch.
Toronto, January, 1890.
To the Honourable Alexander Campbell, K.C,M.G.,
Lieutenant-Governor of the Province of Ontario :
May it Please Your Honour:
I have the honour to submit the Fourteenth Annual Report, and accompanying
Schedules, respecting the operation of the Liquor Licease Laws.
Number op Licenses.
Schedule A is a comparative statement of the number of Licenses of the various
denominations issued, and of the number extended, transferred or removed in each of
the License Districts of the Province, during the past three license years, and may be
thus summarized :
YEARS.
1886-7
1887-8
1888-9,
LICENSES.
Tavkkn.
_a3
Vessel.
Yearly.
Six Months.
b
13
>.
T3
>.
-a
s
S'2
CI
t-.2
d
u
O
O
o
.a
T3
O
1
1495
72
25
1
367
28
6
6
2000
1450
46
22
2
325
28
9
4
1886
2019
47
34
6
336
26
9
8
2485
Extensions, Transfers,
AND Removals op
Licenses.
27
123
46
01
03
a
c3
O
2
H
f^
245
34
250
31
365
39
326
404
449
There has been an increase in the number of Licenses issued comparing 1888-9 with
the preceding year, of 570 Tavern and 11 Shop,
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 9). A. 1890
Provincial Revenue.
The same Schedule shews the revenue derived by the Province from Licenses and
Fines to have been, for
1886-7 $216,455 78
1887-8 201,542 45
1888-9 ■ 232,511 55
Licenses in Counties and Cities.
Schedule B is a statement of the number of Licenses issued in the several Counties
and Cities during the past fifteen years.
Licenses in Minor Municipalities.
Schedule C gives, in detail, as regards each City, Town, Incorporated Village, and
Township, and the Unorganized Territory of the Province, the number of Licenses (other
than Vessel Licenses) and of extensions, transfers and removals granted during the past
three years.
Total Collections.
This Schedule also gives the amounts collected on account of Licenses and Fines
(including the sums imposed by municipal by-laws,) the totals of which (with the duties
derived from Vessel Licenses) were as follows : —
1886-7 $401,626 65
1887-8 393,950 17
1888-9 470,855 50
Municipal Revenue.
The payments to the Municipalities are shewn by the same Schedule to have been in —
1886-7 $153,716 59
1887-8 156,979 89
1888-9 190,297 79
The increase in the number of Licenses issued and in the revenue collected and dis-
tributed between the Municipalities and the Province is attributable for the most part to
the repeal of the Canada Temperance Act in the Counties of Bruce, Dufferin, Halton,
Huron, Norfolk, Renfrew, Simcoe, and the United Counties of Stormont, Dundas and
Glengarry, and licenses having been issued in these counties in accordance with the pro-
visions of the Liquor License Act.
Fines.
The fines collected during the past year, as shewn by Schedule D, amounted to
$18,454.63 as compared with $15,999.15 in 1878. This sum does not include the fines
collected in districts in which the Canada Temperance Act is in force.
vi.
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 9). A. 1890
Salaries of Inspectors — Expenses of Commissioners.
The payments during the past year under these heads are set out in the same
Schedule and shew a considerable increase as compared with the previous year, owing to
the repeal of the Canada Temperance Act in several counties.
Commitments for Drunkenness.
Schedule E shews the number of prisoners committed for drunkenness during the
years from 1876 to 1889 inclusive. The number committed during the year 1889 exceeds
the number committed in 1888 by 346.
Schedule F gives the result of the polling on The Canada Temperance Act in 1884-5.
Schedule G gives the result of the polling on repeal of The Canada Temperance Act
in 1888-9.
Schedule H is a comparative statement of the vote polled on the Canada Temperance
Act in 1884-5 with the vote polled in 1888-9.
The Inspectors of Licenses.
The names and post office addresses of the Inspectors of Licenses are set out in
Schedule I.
Special Inspection of License Districts.
The Special inspections of the License Districts, and the examination of the work of
the license officials therein, from time to time, have been continued dui'ing the past year.
Eespectfully submitted.
J. M. GIBSON,
Provincial Secretary. .
Vll.
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 9). A. 1890
SCHEDULES.
1 (Ti.)
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 9).
A. 1890
SCHEDULE A.
OoMPARATiVB STATEMENT, BY LiCENSE DISTRICTS, shewing the number of (Provincial)
such licenses extended, transferred or removed, and the amount of Revenue received
1886-7, 1887-8, and 1888-9 respectively.
Tavern Licenses Issued.
Yearly Licenses.
Six Months
Licenses.
Tavern
Licenses
Extended.
Shop
Licenses
Issued.
Shop
Licenses
LiCENSK District.
Ordinary.
Beer
and
Wine.
Ordi-
nary.
Beer
and
Wine.
Extended.
00
22
op
1-H
9
00
00
00
00
00
op
t>-
00
00
ai
00
00
00
1-*
CO
00
op'
00
00
3>
00
00
00
00
00
00
ai
00
00
00
I-H
CO
00
00
00
00
06
00
00
I-H
i
I-H
op
t>.
00
00
—
as
06
00
00
rH
CO
00
00
1-H
00
00
T-l
00
Algoma
22
26
22
1
3
...
2
5
4
5
19
18
18
••!••
5
5
5
26
32
38
39
"
1
3
. 1 . .
1
3
2
19
10
•
3
2
....
23
24
25
1
3
2
..
<
T?lo-in VVp«t
49
20
49
u
50
31
2
3
1
i
3
3
3
1
2
2
3
13
3
13
2
8
2
1
29
....
4
Grey, Centre
29
29
25
25
7
25
28
33
6
27
25
27
32
6
28
109
28
25
41
26
41
41
5
3
1
13
1
4
3
7
2
2
1
1
■■{
iB.
&W.
1
9
6
2
1
6
7
2
3
3
2
1
Haldimand
Halton
108
30
31
42
103
30
28
43
4
1
4
i
2
■■
2
.'
..
2
"3
5
1
"3
"i
....
5
45
3
4
9
40
2
37
5
Hastings, East
Hastings, North
Hastings, West
?,^
41 4
1
7
6
....1 1
I
■■
1
6
5
1
Kent West
1
40
42
43
1
1
1
1
__
22
20
15
1
London
56
51
51
13
5
3
6
'1
5&1
B.W.
21
19
14
1
Manitoulin
....
'One wholesale
63 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 9).
A. 1890
SCHEDULE A.
Tavern, Shop, Wholesale, Six Months' and Vessel Licenses issued, and the number of
by the province therefrom, including the proportion of Fines, in the license years.
Whole;
sale
Vessel Licenses
Issued.
Licenses
Transferred and
Removed.
Proportion of Duties for
Provincial Licenses.
Licenses
Issued.
Ordi-
nary.
Beer
and
Wine.
Transfers.
Re-
movals.
Totals.
-Fees for
Transfers and Removals,
and Fines, received by
the Province.
Remarks.
00
t^
00
00
i-i
06
00
00
00
00
op
t-
00
cc
1-1
05
00
00
CO
6
iH
00
t>-
00
00
C5
06
SB
t>;^
to
§8
1-1
op
l>-
00
00
0^'
06
00
00
1-1
t^
t
00
00
00
1-1
OS
06
00
00
to
00
CO
op'
t^
00
00
tH
S8
00
CO
I-I
06
06
00
CO
iH
$ c.
$ C.
$ C.
[force.
C. T. Act in
•
••
3
5
4
31
37
34
1350 61
1187 22
2182 46
[force.
C. T Act in
do
3
3
2
4
5
2
31
30
31
3416 00
3357 75
3321 79
[force.
C. T. Act in
'
7
3
4
7
12
3
34
39
55
48
2043 43
2046 63
2515 63
2472 93
1
1
28
13
1043 27
545 94
[force.
C. T. Act in
::
■:■:
1
5
2
2
30
31
27
1919 94
1800 03
1422 88
[force.
C. T. Act in
do
do
■
"4
4
'"8
4
■■■7
8
".
'2
"ii
33
■■73
45
"70
44
do
4758 40
1864 41
4741 14
2210 76
4355 54
2219 12
1676 54
[force.
C. T. Act in
1
..
1
35
do
'4
'2
*2
"3
1
3
2
4
3
3
2
6
1
'34
6
3
17
4
4
2
7
1
"26
8
3
19
5
3
2
5
2
6
44
5
8
12
3
9
10
1
's
'3
i
1
38
47
34
47
8
35
42
38
50
7
35
39
33
42
8
34
202
37
39
69
29
58
57
1488 84
3149 53
1710 87
1627 47
275 20
' "29336 '8.5
1587 22
1793 12
5935 71
1233 18
2956 20
2026 52
2164 23
242 23
'27852 '98
1567 24
1713 13
6019 89
1550 67
2662 34
1747 29
2043 25
243 50
1841 64
27432 34
1562 11
1554 81
5037 41
1257 10
2932 40
3597 76
6
'2
4
i
7
'2
206
38
39
77
192
41
36
78
1
[force.
C. T. Act in
do
[force.
C. T. Act in
do
1
1
5
6
5
1
2
3
1
1
2
73
74
69
9613 77
9461 98
'89ii'77
..
..
do
do
do
do
do
1
....
'5
3
2
13
11
....
1
2
98
94
79
16
14924 27
13665 40
12373 40
596 98
license extended.
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 9).
A. 1890
Schedule A. — Comparative Statement shewing the number of (Provincial)
Tavern Licenses Iss
ued.
S>ir>n
.mion
Yearly Licenses. j
{ Months
jicenses. Li
senses
ended.
Licenses
Issued.
Licenses
LiCENBE District.
Beer q ,
Ordinary. and
Wine. ^^-
Beer Ext
»»^- and
'y- Wine.
Extended.
CO
I
00 i
00
1-i 1
— 1
. . .! . .1 .
0 t^ 00 j05 t- ,00
06 to i>- 1 cc :o 1 1—
00 00 00 |« 00 00
00 00 00 JOO 00 00
o;i t^ 00 ci t^
1 00 CO t-- 00 CD
CO CO OJ 00 00
CO 00 00 OO 00
00
t^
00
OO
r-l
1
CO
00
00
CO
00
CO
00
t>-
00
00
rH
00
1—1
t- 1
CO 1
CO 1
00
T-l '
— i
op
t^
00
CO
1-1
CO
00
OO
1
1
■; ■' :; :: '::: ::::i
1
Monck
9
20
9
3
24
9 4 3 2.. ]
8 3.. 1 .. .
23
L 1 1 .. 1 ....|
3 .... 3 2
2
2
2
1
4
3
1
Muskoka
4
5
17 3
. .1. .
14 ; ! . . 3 . . .
1.. .. 1 ...
Northumberland, East.
Northumberland, West
1
74
75
76 1 . . . . i
i i
1
69
68
54
1
. , . .
17
42
58
36
23 . . 1
44 4 4 3 .
. 1
32
61
34
3
8
4
4
8
5
3
5
5
i
58 11
.... 3
1
37
1
1
43
23
8
46
20
8
44 2
16 1 1 2 3
11
2 2
1
2
2
1
2
2
1
2
3
3
9
Prescott
Prince Edward
Rainy River
Renfrew, North
3 2
1
1
22
33
Russell
25
27
■•32
•21
32
22 2 2 4 1
22I 1
1 1
1
3
7
7
7
4
4
7
1
8
50
St. Catharines
Simcoe, East
....| ...
32
36
...
27 . . 1 . . . .
....]....
....
1
7
....
Thunder Bay
32
221
44
149
37 1
150 3 1 . . . .
2 1 2
. 1 5
2
69
"i5
9
66
1 5
50
"i
1
. . . •
Waterloo, North
Waterloo, South
Welland
46
41
73
46
41
71
47
7
5
12
7
f
10
5
A
43 '.' '..
3
2
5
"i
....
66 4 5 2 9
6 6 2
1
. . . »
Wentworth, North
Wentworth, South . . .
York, East
York, North
2?
2C
27
4]
3f
149f
27
> 2S
2S
41
i 37
)14.5f
25 2 i 2 ..
2
1
a
4
2
1
r
7
) 36^
a
2
1
f
1 1
>
)
1
. . . »
20
30 2
■|
1 . ...
41 5 3 2 .
2
1
lo:
""'i
! 3f
1! ]
L ....
1
. . ■ •
34 3
2
I
' 2,21
> . . .
1
) 33(
3 . . . .
21
Totals
2019 72 46 47 25
22 34 1 2 6 27
»
1
III 1 1
1
1
Muskoka and Parry Sound divided in 1887-8.
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. li).
A. 1890
Tavern, Shop, Wholesale, Six Months' and Vessel Licenses, etc. — Continued.
Whole-
sale
Licenses
Issued.
Vessel Licenses
Issued.
Licenses
Transferred and
Removed.
Totals.
Propoition of Duties for
Provincial Licenses,
Fees for
Transfers and Removals,
and Fines, received by
the Province.
Ordin-
ary.
Beer
and
Wine.
Transfers.
Re-
movals.
Remauks.
<o
CO
CO
1-1
00
'XI
l-(
00
00
00
t-H
o
X)
00
t^
00
00
.
35
CO
CO
00
00
00
T-H
00
CO
CO
1-1
CO
00
00
00
1-1
CO
t^
CO
00
CO
CO
CO
i-(
06
35
00
CO
00
00
rH
00
t^
rH
06
CO
CO
00
CO
t-H
00
§8
3i
00
00
00
$ c.
$ C.
$ C.
[in f^rce.
C. T. Act
j'
do
""749'i7
945 82
1241 92
1487 42
841 27
do
2
8
3
2
3
1
1
2
4
4
1
18
33
30
17
3
32
16
17
29
27
24
737 23
1337 59
1295 78
755 65
230 00
1333 23
[in force.
C. T. Act
do
do
do
1
2
1
1
11
21
14
2
7
2
159
175
151
26456 97
26670 05
24280 41
do
1
'"s
9
4
5
6
12
5
do
4
10
12
4
1
'2
i
"48
81
42
23
56
81
46
28
61
78
46
""2O86 09
6126 45
2616 61
1074 57
2673 71
6045 95
2731 09
1289 31
2693 91
5.541 61
2735 13
[in force.
C. T. Act
.... 1 ... .
do
1
■ •
1
13
1
i2
i
'2
'2
.-
'2
;;
6
2
43
8
2
"6
3
....
6
13
7
2
1
"6
2
7
7
7
6
2?
2
1
1
52
35
12
57
29
14
55
27
16
25
48
36
36
34
44
50
35
50
273
2315 00
2023 27
429 10
2517 22
1838 79
548 82
2374 55
1471 58
883 48
1652 78
2476 90
15t)9 93
3942 61
1771 43
29
44
38
37
1083 33
4535 49
1590 34
3829 36
..
1
2664 67
2877 27
1209 90
3522 68
39024 00
i
3
11
2
4
1
ii
50
365
63
307
1
13
3328 30
54648 14
4234 00
41886 25
[in force.
C. T. Act.
do
••
••
7
'"9
7
■15
6
"ie
1
'3
60
49
109
60
48
113
59
47
106
3547 89
3290 36
6795 21
3584 78
3091 55
6272 42
3732 94
313.-^ 31
5637 87
[in force.
C. T. Act
28
•■1
9
9
6
4
8
"2
3
3
8
10
265
"4
3
6
9
4
2.50
"4
6
6
6
3
365
;;
i
'i
'2
39
"37
25
33
56 1
60
do
37
28
36
58
47
34
33
37
50
39
2075 42
1111 36
1.355 ,30
2726 63
2658 72!
1
1983 45
1079 50
1.504 88
2704 18
2416 81
1675 97
1013 23
1578 87
2647 85
1914 07
28
26
6
34
31
2326
2290
2935
216455 78
201542 45
232511 55
Algoma and Manitoulin divided in 1888-9.
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 9).
A. 1890
SCHEDULE B.
Comparative Statement, by Counties and Cities, showing the number of (Provincial)
Tavern, Shop, Wholesale and Vessel Licenses issued in the several Counties of the
Province, and the Cities separated from Counties, for the license years 1874-5-6-7-
8-9-80-1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8.
Tavern
Shop
Wholesale
Vessel
COUNTT.
Year.
Licenses.
Licenses.
Licenses.
Licenses.
Remarks.
Algoma (including Thun-
1
der Bay) ... ...
1874
1875
1876
30
36
18
14
15
6
3
3
1877
19
5
1878
19
5
1879
21
8
1
1880
22
6
1
1881
29
9
1
1882
35
9
1
1883
56
6
1
1884
74
12
2
1885
58
12
1
188B
62 .
16
1
1887
1888
70
83
9
16
1
1
The licenses issued in
Rainy River in 1887 are
not included in this
schedule, there were
8 tavern, 2 shop and
1 wholesale.
Brant (not including City
of Brantf ord)
1874
95
29
1875
73
22
2
1876
56
14
4
1877
1878
7
Dunkin Act in force.
53
li
5
1879
55
14
1
1880
57
14
1
1S81
55
14
1
1882
59
13
1
1883
58
11
1
1884
49
7
1
'
1885
44
7
1
1886
1887
1888
Can. Temp. Act in force,
do
do
1874
1875
180
119
25
22
1876
88
13
1 3
1877
83
12
2
1878
1879
83
93
9
12
2
Dunkin Act in force for
10 months.
1880
98
14
1881
105
15
1882
109
18
1883
108
16
1884
99
15
1885
1886
1887
1888
Can. Temp. Act in force.
do
do
97
6
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 9).
A. 1890
Schedule B. — Comparative Statement, etc. — Continued.
Tavern
Shop
Wholesale
Vessel
County.
Year.
Licenses.
Licenses.
Licenses.
Licenses.
Remarks.
Carleton (not including
Ottawa)
1874
89
5
1875
79
8
1876
44
1
2
1877
55
3
1878
43
3
1879
43
1
1880
42
3
1881
50
3
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
54
58
58
55
1
1
Can. Temp. Act in force^
do
do
Duflferin
1881
1882
33
33
7
5
New County erected
24th January, 1881.
1883
34
5
1884
34
4
1885
1886
1887
1888
Can. Temp. Act in force.
do
do
24
2
Elgin
1874
113
25
1875
110
24
1876
66
16
2
1877
66
10
1878
69
12
1879
72
16
1880
74
12
1881
74
13
1882
74
13
1883
74
16
• 1884
74
12
1885
71
10
1886
1887
1888
Can. Temp. Act in force,
do
do
Essex
1874
1875
120
101
28
25
6
6
1876
62
14
5
1
1877
69
18
1
1
1878
69
18
2
1
1879
71
18
3
1
1880
70
19
2
1
1881
74
21
2
1882
71
20
2
1883
74
19
2
1884
70
15
1
1885
77
13
1886
74
16
1887
84
15
1888
82
10
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 9).
A. 1890
Schedule B. — Comparative Statement, etc. — Continued.
Tavern
Shop
Wholesale
Vessel
County.
Year.
Licenses.
Licenses.
Licenses.
Licenses.
Remarks.
Frontenac (not including
Kingston)
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
71
57
29
17
34
2
29
1
Dunkin Act assumed to
be in force until quash-
1879
36
ed, December 28th.
1880
33
1
1881
33
1
1882
33
2
1883
36
2
1884
34
2
•
1885
34
1
1886
Can. Temp. Act in force.
1887
do
1
1888
do
tJrey
1874
115
20
3
1875
114
16
2
1876
77
11
5
2
1877
1878
6
4
2
1
Dunkin Act in force.
72
7
Dunkin Act in force un-
1879
91
12
1
1
til September.
1880
88
17
1
2
1881
1882
84
88
16
18
1
1
Melancthon and Shel-
burne attached to new
1883
95
20
3
County of Dufferin.
1884
91
19
1
1885
92
18
1886
1887
1888
92
86
84
16
14
7.
3
3
4
'Haldimand
1874
1875
96
83
16
13
1876
45
5
1877
49
4
1878
49
4
1879
50
5
1880
47
5
1881
51
5
1882
52
5
1883
51
5
1884
47
5
1885
47
3
1886
48
4
1887
1888
40
43
2
4
The licenses issued in
the Monck portion of
this County are not in-
cluded in this schedule
in 1887; they are 9
hotel and 2 shop.
1886
7
See Victoria, pott.
1887
6
1888
6
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 9).
A. 1890
Schedule B. — Comparative Statement, etc. — Continued.
Tavern
Shop
Wholesale
Vessel
COHNTY.
Year.
1874
1875
Licenses, i
Licenses.
Licenses.
Licenses.
Remarks.
Halton
61
58 ;
4
5
1876
39 !
2
1
1877
38 i
1878
38 i
1879
42
1880
41
1881
41
1882
Can. Temp. Act in force.
do
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
do
do
do
do
28
1874
117
23
1
1875
100
21
2
1876
7C
11
3
1
1877
82
14
3
1
1878
89
15
3
2
1879
94
15
3
1
1880
91
16
3
1881
90
15
3
1882
95
13
3
I88S
97
15
3
1884
99
15
3
1885
98
17
3
1886
104
16
2
1887
102
13
2
1888
96
13
3
Huron
1874
1875
150
164
38
37
2
1876
113
16
3
1877
124
16
1878
127
20
1879
134
21
1880
131
16
1881
128
15
1882
124
15
1883
124
15
1884
111
14
''
1885
Can. Temp. Act in force.
1886
1887
1888
do
108
11
Kent
1874
i 128
41
1
1875
1876
118
66
34
13
1
1
4
1877
1878
67
65
15
13
1
1879
67
11
1880
67
13
1881
69
13
1
1882
1883
69
70
14
14
1
1884
75
11
1885
71
8
1886
Can. Temp. Act in force,
do
1887
1888
do
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. y).
A. 1890
Schedule B. — Comparative Statement, etc. — Continued.
i
Tavern
Shop
Wholesale
Vessel
County.
Year.
Licenses.
Licenses.
Licenses.
Licenses.
Remarks.
Lambton
1874
1875
89
85
44
33
1 1
1
187fi
65
28
1 !
1877
65
25
1
1878
70
27
1879
72
26
1880
71
25
1
1881
72
22
1
1882
75
22
1
1883
73
19
1884
74
16
1
1885
70
10
1
1886
1887
1888
!
Can. Temp. Act in force.
do
do
1
Lanark
1874
62
20
2
1875
62
14
1
1876
32
9
2 1
1877
32
9
1
1878
1879
7
33
4
6
Dunkin Act in force, ex-
cept in Perth.
1880
34
8
1881
36
6
1882
36
7
1883
35
7
1884
36
7
1885
37
6
1886
Can. Temp. Act in force.
1887
do
1888
do
Leeds and Grenville
1874
145
32
1
1875
136
23
1
1876
79
23
3
1877
101
25
1878
97
19
1879
97
18
1880
97
20
1
1881
89
18
1882
92
21
1883
94
21
1
1884
88
17
1885
87
17
1886
1887
1888
Can. Temp. Act in force.
do
do
Lennox and Addington . . .
1874
1875
1876
52
46
28
7
8
6
1
1
1877
1878
1
Dunkin Act in force.
36
6
1879
37
5
1880
37
5
1881
41
5
1882
43
6
1883
45
6
1884
44
5
1885
42
5
1886
1887
1888
1
Can. Temp. Act in force.
do
do
1
r
10
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 9).
A. 1890
Schedule B. — Comparative Statement, etc. — Qontinued.
Tavern
Shop
Wholesale
Vessel
County.
Year.
Licenses.
Licenses.
Licenses.
Licenses.
Kbmasks.
Lincoln (not including
1
I
1
1874
1875
94
103
23
37
187fi
70
31
'
1877
70
25
1
1878
69
^1
1879
72
16
1880
73
12
1881
69
14
1882
73
15
1883
72
13
1884
71
11
1885
64
10
1
1886
Can. Temp. Act in force.
'
except in St. Catharines.
1887
1888
do
do
t '. |l 9
Middlesex (not including
London)
1874
1875
188
174
17
33
1
1876
122
26
3
1877
139
23
1878
143
21
1879
141
19
1880
134
18
1881
138
18
1882
133
16
1883
130
18
1884
126
17
1885
1886
128
16
1
Can. Temp. Act in force.
1887
1888
do
do
Muskoka and Parry Sound
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
9
23
19
22
29
38
44
45
48
49
48
37
23
21
32
1
4
4
5
6
4
1
1
1878
2
1
1879
3
1
1880
3
1
1881
11
8
1882
8
5
1883
9
5
1884
5 .
5
1885
23
6
1886
22
4
1887
24
5
1888
23
4
1
11
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 9).
A. 189C
Schedule B. — Comparative Statement, etc. — Continued.
County.
Year.
Tavern
Licenses.
Shop
Licenses.
Wholesale
j Licenses.
1
Vessel
Licenses.
REM4BES.
Norfolk
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
73
74
51
51
55
51
51
55
56
54
51
6
6
4
5
5
7
6
6
6
6
4
2
1
Can. Temp. Act in force,
do
do
37
4
Northumberland and
Durham
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
135
121
102
103
89
98
100
100
102
104
101
97
35
32
27
25
21
21
22
23
23
23
19
16
2
2
4
2
2
1
1
1
1
2
1
]
1
1
1
Dunkin Act in force for
10 months, except in
Port Hope and Co-
bourg.
Can. Temp. Act in force,
do
do
Ontario
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
86
87
60
58
55
61
65
66
71
72
68
67
35
23
10
9
8
9
11
12
13
12
11
12
2
Dunkin Act in force for
10 months.
Can. Temp. Act in force,
do
do
Oxford
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880 1
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
104
102
73
70
71
74
74
73
74
72
62
29
25
9
10
10
12
14
13
11
9
8
4
1
Can. Temp. Act in force.
do
do
1
do
12
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 9).
A. 1890
Schedule B. — Comparative Statement, etc. — Continued.
CCDNTY.
Year.
Tavern
Shop
Wholesale
Vessel
Rbmabks.
Licenses.
Licenses.
Licenses.
Licenses.
Peel
1874
1875
91
86
15
15
1876
49
10
1877
57
9
1878
60
8
1879
57
7
1880
62
7
1881
56
7
1882
57
6
The licenses issued in the
1883
57
5
Village of Boultonand
1884
55
4
Township of Albion,
1885
58
4
1
in Cardwell, are not
1886
55
5
1
included in this sche-
1887
46
4
dule for 1887. They
1888
57
3
were 10 tavern.
Perth
1874
1875
145
135
33
25
1876
101
13
3
1877
105
17
1878
105
17
1879
110
18
1880
no
19
1881
106
19
1882
110
19 •
1883
109
17
1884
102
14
1885
93
14
1886
95
12
1887
95
13
1888
96
10
Peterborough
1874
98
16
1875
72
16
1876
40
11
2
1877
1878
43
35
11
11
Uunkin Act in ffrte in
1879
42
13
^pait (<f \\ t tt Kidirg,
1880
46
12
for iL Ii^ciiil-S
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
46
50
50
46
43
14
15
14
13
12
'
1886
. Can. Temp. Act in forc«.
do
1887
1888
do
Pre8Cott and Russell
1874
63
10
1875
■ 58
11
1
1876
52
1877
46
5
1878
49
5
1879
41
5
1880
42
4
1881
50
5
1882
53
6
1883
62
7
1884
65
4
1885
65
3
1886
68
1
1887
78
1
1888
76
1
13
6 3 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 9).
A. 1890
Schedule B. — Comparative Statement, etc. — Continued.
Tavern
Shop
Wholesale
Vessel
County.
Year.
1874
1875
Licenses.
Licenses.
Lieenses.
Licenses.
Remarks.
22
23
3
3
3
1
1876
1877
1878
187!)
1880
1
1
do
i '"
3
do
23
24
2
2
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
24
22
23
21
23
24
3
3
4
1
2
2
1
2
2
2
2
1887
1888
1874
1875
21
18
2
2
2
2
100
102
35
30
1
1
1
1876
1877
51
42
20
17
1
1878
31
15
1879
36
16
1880
42
21
1881
47
17
1882
48
23
1883
63
30
1884
44
20
1885
Can. Temp. Act in force.
1886
1887
1888
do
do
55
12
Siuacoe
1874
1875
223
196
42
35
2
2
J 876
135
24
2
2
1877
137
24
2
1878
149
21
1
1879
142
20
1
1880
155
23
1
1881
144
23
1
Mono and Mulmur at-
1882
146
23
tached to new County
1883
147
26
of Dufferin.
1884
138
24
1885
, ,
Can. Temp. Act in force.
1886
1887
1888
do
do
121
Stormont, Dundas and
Glengarry
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
122
80
82
87
94
91
91
96
95
89
92
31
28
22
17
17
16
18
18
18
17
15
Can. Temp. Act in force.
do
do
si
5
14
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 9).
A. 1890
Schedule B. — Comparative Statement, etc. — Continued.
Tavern
Shop
Wholesale
Vessel
County.
l;Year.
Licenses.
Licenses.
Licenses.
Licenses.
Rghabcb.
Victoria
1874
78
13
1
1875
1876
70
55
9
6
1
\
1
1877
1878
1879
1880
56
56
60
59
5
6
6
5
\
Including Id aliburton.
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
62
62
62
58
54
4
3
3
3
3
1
2
1
Can. Temp. Act. in force.
do
do
Waterloo
1874
135
21
1875
136
20
3
1876
86
19
13
1877
84
17
10
1878
87
17
1879
89
15
1880
87
15
1881
88
16
1882
90
17
1883
1884
91
92
15
14
1
1885
90
13
1886
87
12
1887
S7
12
1888
90
9
1
Welland
1874
1875
145
151
28
23
3
1876
73
19
1877
80
19
1878
89
21
1879
92
25
1880
87
29
1881
81
19
1882
78
20
1883
79
18
1884
82
14
Licenses issued inMonck
1885
78
15
Tp. of Wainfleet, is not
1886
82
12
included in this schedule
1887
76
10
in 1887. There were 2
1888
70
8
tavern.
Wellington
1874
183
52
1875
182
41
3
1876
138
29
3
1877
130
28
3
1878
134
29
1879
138
29
1880
145
30
1881
134
24
Orangeville, Amaranth
1882
128
26
and East Garafraxa,
1883
126
22
attached to new County
1884
116
19
of Dufferin.
, 1885
104
13
1 1886
1887
1888
Can. Temp. Act in force.
do
do
15
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 9).
A. 1890
Schedule B. — Comparative Statement, etc. — Continued.
Tavern
Shop
Wholesale
Vessel
County.
Year.
Licenses.
Licenses.
Licenses.
Licenses.
Kbmabkb.
Wentworth (not including
Hamilton)
1874
1875
110
107
32
19
4
2
1876
61
11
2
1877
56
10
1878
47
6
1879
63
6
1880
56
6
1881
55
6
1882
51
6
1883
52
6
1884
54
6
1885
54
6
1886
49
6
1887
51
5
1888
47
4
York (not including To-
ronto)
1874
1875
148
164
39
35
1876
108
16
1
1877
97
15
1878
1879
1880
Dunkin Act in force,
do
month (May.)
■■■ii4'"
117
" 15'"
16
on*
1881
128
21
1882
131
24
1883
132
23
1884
121
13
1885
114
12
1886
116
10
1887
109
7
1888
107
2
16
3 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 9).
A. 1890
Schedule B. — Comparative Statement, etc. — Continued.
City.
Toronto
Hamilton
Year.
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
Ottawa
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
Tavern
Licenses.
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
309
299
216
182
181
195
204
210
216
197
217
227
224
150
150
127
110
68
68
68
68
74
89
98
105
97
110
112
107
111
120
114
75
75
73
73
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
76
Shop
Licenses.
184
128
100
100
92
98
94
95
100
98
88
71
66
50
50
93
72
61
55
64
61
57
55
58
54
47
48
45
40
37
Wholesale
Licenses.
21
28
39
26
20
19
18
15
14
14
13
14*
13
13
12
77
148
77
80
77
71
72
77
76
84
78
77
69
68
54
11
7
7
8
7
7
Vessel
Licenses.
.16
9
9
6
10
6
4
6
7
5
3
2*
3
1
3
Remarks.
1 B. & W.
1
2 (T.L.)
* Dominion issues
17
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 0).
A. 1890
Schedule B. — Comparative Statement, etc. — Continued.
City.
Year.
Tavern
Licenses.
London
1874
1875
K76
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
18S5
1886
1887
1888
75
75
57
58
58
57
45
45
47
47
48
49
61
54
57
Shop
Licenses.
40
74
34
35
37
36
27
24
26
24
22
22
21
19
14
Wholesale
Licenses.
Vessel
Licenses.
Remarks.
Kingston
1874
97
1875
75
1876
53
1877
61
1878
61
1879
62
1880
62
1881
64
1882
53
1883.
53
1884
39
1885
38
188G
41
1887
43
1888
44
25
1
20
3
I
23
6
5
21
3
8
21
3
8
20
3
8
20
3
8
20
2
11
22
2
9
23
3
6
20
2
6
22
1
4
22
1
6
20
1
fi
15
1
7
St. Catharines.
Brantford
1886
1887
1886
1887
1888
29
23
26
19
18
18
18
53 Victona.
Sessional Papers (No. 0).
A. 1890
Schedule B.- -Concluded.
Recapitulation, shewing the total number of Provincial Licenses issued in the several
Counties in the Province, including the Cities, during the license years 1874-5-6-7-8-
9-80-1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8.
Years.
Tavern.
Shop.
Wholesale.
Vessel.
Tot»I.
1874
4793
4459
2977
2845
2910
3199
3227
3311
3317
3363
3253
2574
1567
1496
2066
1307
1257
787
739
724
757
760
764
787
781
675
525
367
325
336
52
78
147
65
52
42
40
34
35
36
28
24
28
28
26
33
24
27
27
29
22
22
24
24
21
14
9
12
13
17
6185
1875
5818
1876
1877
3938
3676
1878
3715
1879
4020
1880
4049
1881
1882
4133
4163
1883
4201
1884
3970
1885
3132
1886
1974
1887
1888
1862
2445
The Six Months Licenses and the Licenses extended do not appear in the above Schedule or recapitu-
lation, and as a consequence the total number of Licenses issued, according to the Statement, does not
correspond with the number as shown in Schedules A. and C. Beer and Wine Licenses are included with
the ordinary licenses under the heads of Tavern Licenses and Vessel Licenses respectively. An extended
License is good for a period not exceeding three months. It is not in the nature of a new License, but
simply a permission, granted by the Board of Commissioners, to the holder of license expiring in April, to
continue his business under the old license for the specified period, that he may be enabled to dispose of his
stock on hand and quit the business without loss. Six months Licenses run from the first day of May to
the thirty-first day of October, and are not valid after the latter date. They are granted in localities which
are largely resorted to in summer by visitors, where the Board of Commissioners are of opinion that increased
tavern accommodation for the summer months is necessary.
19
53 Victoria.
Sessional Tapers (No. 9).
A. 18U0
OS ^
"-3
to
1
•6-8881 : :
1 <^,^ . . ; i . 1 . . 1 :
1
ary or Beer and Wine, issuec
Fund Aciouuts therefor, an
8 and 1888-9 respectively.
a
o
•8-Z88I
1 . : . • : 1 ; 1 : ; ' :
■ : ■ • • : • 1 : :
1
1 : :
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. . i : 1 : i :
: : : . : i :
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a
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X
1 : :
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. 1 : 1 . : 1 i
: : : 1- : :
1
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I.I. : 1 :
: : : • 1 : •
!
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: . 1 : 1 : . i .
: : : 1 : : :
: • : 1 : 1 : :
1
Ordin
icense
1887-
a
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>
■a
a
a>
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•6-8881
: 1 : 1 ■ : 1 .
1
is, whether
it of the L
ars 1886-7,
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1
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■ : : : . 1 . | : . | :
: • ; - ; i • i ;
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::::.! : 1 : =o 1 :
• ■ : : : : ': \ •
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. : : , : 1 : | : 1 co 1 :
1
EDULE
of Provir
deposited
. during tl
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: . :
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■ '. j Oi -'-T/i '■
in
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00
ICIPALIT
;rred or
over to
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: :
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00" •
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CCC<1 r-lOO j 1 •
C5
Comparative Statement by Mun
the nuinher extended, transf<
Fines, and the re\euue paid
-<
3
5
Sault Ste. Marie
St. Joseph
Hilton ...
Unorganized Territory. .
Thessalon
:
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20
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 9).
A. 1890
Remakks.
Can. Temp. Act in force.
Payable to Province, less
proportion of expenses.
0)
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a
a
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Proportion thereof paid
to Municipalities.
•6-888X
o ^ -^
O IM -*l
O (M (M
CO 1-1
05
05
?3
•8-i,88I
6
O CO --
CO CO -f
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o
•Z-988I
5C (M to -f
IM i-H »0 CO
CO C5 -C 05
tC ■* IM 1-1
CO t^
o
in
-*|
CO
Amounts received
for Provincial Licenses,
Transfers, Kemovals
and l^ines in each
Municipality.
•6-888T
1850 00
305 00
90 00
1378 20
305 00
8
CO
s
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South Brant.
BrantfordCit
1
21
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 9).
A. 1890
•6-88«T
•8-Z88I
"Z-988I
•6-8381
■8-Z88I
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•6-888T
•8Z88I
7-9881
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•8-Z88T
••Z-988T
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7-9881
•6-8881
•8-Z88T
7 9881
•6-888T
lO tfi (M t~ -^ N
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7-988 [
03
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r;; o CO oj g o 0)
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P-i W Q 'J XI b<1 S
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iO •^ 00 IM O «■ CO
a;i o
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en
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O (D cj— t- cS fi
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22
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 9).
A. 1890
I
1
P3
o
■8^8
s
-•00
i^
<c
o
Ii
o
•'^ t-
4J 00
C 00
s^
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CO
-•00
/
03
a
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Proportion therof paid
to Municipalities.
•6-8881
5S -<■ (M t- IM « O
_00 lO !M CO 005 O
^, oc » i<i r-i rv o •«•
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00 to CO >0 rH C5 CO
1-1 1-1 Tf t- c£ ijq CO
•* -1< CO (M 1-1 CO --=■
rr cr: iC t^ ^ CT! O 1
•* i-( lO -* i-l 1-1
"8-2881
c5
7-9881
Amounts received
for Provincial 1-icenses,
Transfers, Removals,
and Fines in each
Municipality.
•6-8881
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23
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 9).
A. 1890
^
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1 :::::: | : I :: i :•::•::• |
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24
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 9).
A. 1890
Remarks.
1
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to Municipalit'es.
•6-8881
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„ 00 50 wi lO -^ " 3; O lO
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ccco 1
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6 '.
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Amounts received
for Provincial Licenses,
Transfers, Removals,
and Fines in each
Municipality.
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63 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 9).
A. 1890
w
•6-888T
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Williamsburgh
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53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 9).
A. 1890
p-t>.
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27
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 9).
A. 1890
^
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1 ; .
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53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 9).
A. 1890
<
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Can. Temp. Act in force in
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53 Victoria.
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53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (Ko. 9).
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Sessional Papers (No. 9).
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Sessional Papers (No. 9).
A. 1890
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53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. y).
A. 1890
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58 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 9).
A. 1890
Remarks.
Can. Temp. Act in force in
1886-7 and 1887-8.
Can. Temp. Act in force in
1886-7 and 1887-8.
Can. Temp. Act in force in
1886-7 and 1887-8.
Payable wholly to the Pro-
vince, less expenses.
Proportion thereof paid
to Municipalities.
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53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 9).
A. 1890
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53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 9).
A. 1890
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53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 9).
A. 1890
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Sessional Papers (No. 9).
A. 1890
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A. 1890
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53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 9).
A. 1890
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Sessional Papers (No. 9).
A. 1890
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53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 9).
A. 1890
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53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 9).
A. 1890
SCHEDULE D.
Comparative Statement of the amount of Fines collected and the amounts paia in
respect of Expenses of Conpmissioners and Salaries of Inspectors, in each License
District, for the license years 1886-7, 1887-8 and 1888-9 respectively.
LicKNSE District.
1
Fines Collected.
Paid in respect of Expenses of
Commissioners and Salaries
of Inspectors.
1886-7.
1887 8.
1888-9.
1886-7.
1887-8.
§ c.
1888-9.
$ c.
$ c.
$ c.
S c.
$ c.
C. T. Act in force
83 15
50 00
323 20
652 95
500 00
485 08
J. T. Act in force.
do do
Brantford
Brockville and Leeds
190 00
49 00
20 00
442 00
424 00
436 00
C. T. Act in force.
650 00
240 00
540 00
481 00
"'31506'
495 00
325 00
498 15
506 80
527 05
544 90
""436'56'
457 75
485 29
Card well '
60 00
581 50
151 16_
C. T. Act in force.
Cornwall
C. T. Act in force.
do do
do do
....
"'l50'66'
415 00
do - ~ ■ do
Essex, North
Essex, South
360 00
210 00
510 00
410 00
550 00
445 17
.%6 76
528 00
594 44
546 52
C. T. Act in force.
260 00
555 28
"'5i8'.55'
530 00
500 00
501 25
185 00
452 97
1500 00
565 50
581 33
1006 78
572 89
540 88
563 89
' "48I 26'
530 00
500 00
525 00
176 50
C. T. Act in force.
Grey, Centre
Grey, North
Grey, South
200 00
300 00
128 00
245 00
80 00
384 00
390 00
60 00
20 00
250 00
378 00
167 00
100 00
10 00
20 00
1777 00
80 00
20 00
439 85
50 00
84 00
410 00
450 00
505 00
450 00
550 50
153 12
Hamilton
560 00
170 00
50 00
77 00
1710 00
182 00
60 00
309 00
1066 64
572 50
618 10
830 68
1200 00
582 00
551 30
850 75
Hastings, East
Hastings, North
Hastings, West
C. T. Act in force.
"860 "00
do do
Kingston
660 00
700 00
390 00
800 00
800 00
C. T. Act in force.
do do
do do
do do
do do
do do
1492 00
1318 00
603 83
140 00
800 00
900 00
900 00
444 50
Middlesex, East
\'.'.'.'.'.'." "
C. T. Act in force
do do
do do
40 00
20 00
80 00
210 00
70 00
165 00
180 00
494 00
221 85
300 00
410 57
1
30 00
303 70
401 00
233 73
333 00
625 75
492 87
Chargeable to Li
cense Act.
do do
115 00
111 15
Norfolk, South ....
1
62
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 9).
A. 1890
SCHEDULE D.
Comparative Statement of the amount of Fines, etc., in each License District for the
license years 1886-7. 1887-8 and 1888-9 respectively. — Continued.
License District.
Fines Collected.
1
Paid in respect of Ilxpenses of
Commissioners and Salaries
of Inspectors.
1
1886-7.
1887-8.
1888-9.
1886-7.
1887-8.
1
1888-9.
Northumberland, E.
S c.
S c.
S c
$ c.
$ c.
.S c.
C. T. Act in force,
do do
do do
do do
495 00,
1055 00
750 00
1166 67
1400 00
1553 33
Oxford, North
C. T. Act in force,
do do
555 00
20 00
614 00
250 00
221 50
592 50
750 00
611 50
457 55
575 92
765 76
619 00
Peel
75 00
574 00
219 00
185 00
440 00
176 00
599 00
750 00
533 35
Perth, North
Perth, South
C T. Act in force.
1
do
Prescott
Prince Edward
Rainy River
231 00
ISO 00
120 00
391 00
180 00
1.55 00.
220 00
190 00
230 00
665 00
172 00
150 00
30 00
825 00
247 75
20 00
365 00
1290 00
465 00
560 00
300 00
466 00
532 50
300 00
474 00
563 00
300 00
507 37
482 50
401 30
480 00
.554 13
541 12
531 42
487 24
495 00
3793 33
Russell
St. Catharines
70 00
135 00
255 00
110 00
486 20
822 06
371 00
616 91
Chargeable to Li-
cense account.
Thunder Bay
Toronto
380 00
2120 00
610 00
4250 00
350 00
3757 25
53i 74
3750 00
C T. Act in force.
1
do do
Waterloo, North
Waterloo, South
Welland
Wellington, East . . .
Wellington, South . .
Wellington, West. . .
170 00
860 00
451 00
16S 00
240 00
146 00
469 00
140 00
251 00
499 25
569 75
699 05
509 50
583 86
732 40
530 00
5.58 97
722 38
C. T. Act in force,
do do
do do
Wentworth, North. .
Wentworth, 'South. .
York fjast
270 00
186 00
80 00
347 40
130 00
290 00
80 00
125 00
535 00
370 00
15999 15
1
182 00
290 00
494 00
564 00
530 20
502 40
502 50
478 00
552 00
532 51
.511 75
498 69
514 00
635 95
509 60
511 00
529 58
York, North
York, West
455 00
80 00
Totals
12033 55
18454 63
24634 69
24558 24
36411 16
1
63
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 9).
A. 1890
SCHEDULE E.
Comparative Statement, shewing the number of Prisoners committed to the County-
Gaols for Drunkenness, during the years 1876, 1877, 1878, 1879, 1880, 1881, 1882,
1883, 1884, 1885, 1886, 1887, 1888 and 1889.
County or District.
Algoma
Brant
Bruce
Carleton
Dufferm .
Elgin
Essex
Frontenac .
Grey
Haldimand
Halton
Hastings . . .
Huron
Kent.
Lambton
Lanark
Leeds and Granville . . .
Lennox and Addiugton .
Lincoln
Middlesex
Muskoka and Parry Sound .
Nipissing
Norfolk
Northumberland and Durham.
Ontario
Oxford .
Peel
Perth
Peterborough
Prescott and Russell .
Prince Edward
Renfrew
1876 1877 1878
1879
Sinicoe
Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry .
Thunder Bay
Victoria and Haliburton
Waterloo. ..
Welland . . .
Wellington.
Wentworth
York
Total
841 75
2 17
319! 283
143
15
411 47
55 1 60
137 i 139
13 14
123| 84
7
84
6
56
155
6
69
4
98
106
9
6
6
43
22
20
142
10
84
5
68
211
8
24
63
8
272
1880
18811882
19
81
2
222
35 21
67 1 38
101 12
301 46
32
45
54
75
5
11
2
6
31
29
13
09
41
259
1755
3868
91
33
105
32
10
101
36
396
1807
22
133
18
95
25
4
321
26
382
1293
54
59
126
35
10
]
34
15
33
115
8
71
9
5]
193
6
1
15
24
11
55
27
35
53
71
102
40
15
6
16
22
24
120
7
72
11
.44
235
8
1
26
14
17
64
14
269
1
45
51
53
23
6
5
35
18
13
77
10
56
14
55
210
3
47
24
1883
1884
15
265 261
39
26
27
27
1
1
75
60
10
10
107
62
3
4
83
126
4032 3785
46
5
82
17
81
10
28
188
23
382 j 447
1359; 1403 1342
11
186
40
28
77
4
67
11
41
242
13
2
18
10
5
32
14
20
38
2
76
24
56
7
88
14
10
50
51
396
1885
1886 1887 1888
314 205
1445
3581 3795 1 3328; 3497
92
121
46
19
7
7
57
5
23
75
9
19
18
65
269
10
18
21
10
28
4
37
71
2
70
17
87
8
296
14
34
93
376
1485
3897
82
103
75
28
7
6
50
4
26
105
7
135
20
39
445
16
17
17
26
1
51
10
14
30
"46
27
99
9
705
20
11
23
49
295
1661
4650
57
47
74
36
18
9
45
3
18
130
61
80
6
29
277
84
6
4
26
4
21
24
17
27
3
41
11
31
3
153
13
7
33
32
368
1707
91
21
280
3
30
31
58
20
15
13
34
4
141
72
4
36
3
21
338
39
85
112
6
286
3
128
147
22
297
li
1889
25
29
45
46
108
107
21
29
17
24
5
19
51
67
4
rr
1
9
38
64
9
4
24
31
8
7
21
28
404
8
35
1
119
1
4
40
12
385
1705
64
218
8
296
4
23
47
139
27
25
13
39
2
61
99
2
52
4
33
408; 540
46
81
17
28
5
64; 55
3696
3555
148
2
32
22
373
2166
45
28
28
16
20
2
38
46
7| 29
148
4
12
12
21
429
2098
4130
4451
135
4
20
21
10
401
2096
4797
64
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 9).
A. 1890
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A. 1890
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Sessional Papers (No. 9).
A. 1890
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lOoooocotH—i g ijcoco 1;— I £ — cqt-svji'
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67
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. y).
A. 1890
SCHEDULE I.
Names and Post Office Addresses of the Inspectors of Licenses of the several License
Districts throughout the Province,
License District.
Addington ...
Algoma
Brant, North
Brant, South
Brantford, City
Brockville and Leeds
Bruce, Centre . ,
Bruce, North
Bruce, South
Cardwell
Carleton
Cornwall
Dufferin
Dundas
Durham, East
Durham, West
Elgin, Bast
Elgin, West
Essex, North ^
Essex, South ,
Frontenac
Glengarry
Grenville
Grey, Centre
Grey, North
Grey, South
Haldimand
Haliburton
Halton
Hamilton
Hastings, Bast
James M. Smith
A. G. Duncan
Geo. Pike
Isaac B. Merritt
Southworth Cole
R. R. Phillips
John Irving
Alexander McCannel
Angus Stewart
G. N. Clark
J ohn O'Cailaghan
William Pollock
Thomas Anderson
Asa Beach
E. A. Powers
W. R. Climie
J. A. McCausland
Alexander Beaton
Thomas J. Elliott "1
L. N. Castanier, Assistant Inspector J
Alanson Elliott
John Dawson
Archibald McNab
Charles Chapman ,
James Campbell
C. C. Pearce
Thomas A. Harris
Joseph M. Doyle '
R. C. Garratt
W. D. Brothers
J. I. Mackenzie
Michael Lally
68
Tamworth.
Marksville.
Brantford.
Scotland.
Brantford.
Caintowu.
Paisley.
Port Elgin.
Lucknow.
Beeton.
Kars.
CornwalL
OrangevillB.
Iroquois.
Port Hope.
Bowmanville.
Aylmer.
West Lome.
Windsojr.
Oxley.
Wolfe Island.
Alexandria.
Preacott.
Clarksburg.
Owen Sound.
Durham.
Caledonia.
Minden.
Milton.
Hamilton.
Belle viUe.
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 9).
A. 18S0'
SCHEDULE I.—Conlinued.
LicKNSE District.
Hastings, North
Hastings, West
Huron, East
Huron, South
Huron, West
Kent, East
Kent, West
Kingston
Lambton, East .
Lambton, West
Lanark, North
Lanark, South
Lennox
Lincoln
London
Manitoulin
Middlesex, East
Middlesex, North
Middlesex, West
Monck
Muskoka
Nipissing
Norfolk, North
Norfolk, South
Northumberland, East.
Northumberland, West
Ontario, North
Ontario, South
Ottawa
Oxford, North . . . ,
Oxford, South .' . . . .
Parry Sound
6 (T. L.)
Inspector.
Edward Mouncey
Michael J. Grainger
John R. Miller
Wm. Ballantyne
Wm.'J. Paisley
Thomas Boon
Israel Evans
William Glidden
H. G. Taylor
Ruben C. Palmer
J. D. Robertson
John McCann
W. A. Rose
R. Eowlie
Robert Henderson
J. B. White
D. H. Williams
Daniel Schoff
W. C. Robertson
L. Massacar
Elijah F. Stephenson
Napoleon Fink
W. F. Nickerson
James E. Decou
Patrick Gallagher
James Bulger
Thompson B. Fraukish
J ohn Ferguson
John O'Reilly
Geo. E. St. George, Asst. Insp. & Prov. Officer,
William G. McKay
Gordon H. Cook
William Ireland
69
p. O. Address.
Madoc.
Belleville.
Jamestown.
Seaforth.
Clinton.
Bothwell.
Chatham.
Kingston.
Wyoming.
Sarnia.
Almonte.
Perth.
Napanee.
St. Catharines.
London.
Michael's Bay.
London, East.
Clandetoye.
Mt. Brydges.
Dunnville.
Bracebridge.
Mattawa.
Simcoe.
Port Dover.
Warkworth.
Cobourg.
Sunderland.
Whitby.
[-Ottawa.
Woodstock.
IngersoU.
Parry Sound.
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 9).
A. 1890
SCHEDULE I.—Conti7iued.
License District.
Peel
Perth, North
Perth, South
Peterborough, East.
Peterboroufi^h, West
Prescott
Prince Edward
Rainy River
Renfrew, North ...
Renfrew, South
Russell
St. Catharines
Sinacoe, Centre
Simcoe, East
Simcoe, West
Stormont
Thunder Bay
Toronto
Victoria, East
Victoria, West
Waterloo, North. . . ,
Waterloo, South
Welland
Wellington, East . . . ,
Wellington, South . .
Wellington, West . .
Wentworth, North .
Wentworth, South. . ,
York, East
York, North
York, West
Inspector.
Joseph Foster
Alexander M. Fisher,
John S. Coppin
Wm. Darling
George Cochrane
James H. Malloy
D. L. Bongard
Frank Gardner
Alfred J. Fortier
Geo. W. McDonald . . .
Daniel McLaurin
R. Fowler
John W. Morrow
Angus McKay
Geo. Dinwoody
Donald P. McKinnon.
W. H. Hesson
( Thomas De.xter, Chief
< John Wilson, West
(Thomas A. Hastings, East.
John Short
John Short
Benjamin Devitt
Samuel D. Martin
Archibald Thompson, jr .
John Macdonald
I W. S. Cowan
I
I T. Flath
W. B. Williams
I Thomas Macklem
!
, James Eckhardt
I
I William Jtalloy
Robert Wilcock
P. O. Address.
Brampton.
Amulreo.
Mitchell.
Warsaw.
Lakefield.
Fournier.
Picton.
Rat Portage.
Pembroke.
Renfrew.
Metcalfe.
St. Catharine*.
Barrie.
Orillia.
AUiston.
South Finch.
Port Arthut.
Toronto.
Lindsay.
Lindsay.
Waterloo.
Preston.
Welland.
Elora.
Guelph.
Drayton.
Dundas.
Hamilton.
Unionville.
Newmarket.
Richview.
70
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 10). A. 1890
LUNATIC AND IDIOT ASYLUMS.
TWENTY-SECOND ANNUAL REPORT
INSPECTOR OFi PRISONS & PUBLIC CHARITIES
FOR THE
PROVINCE OF ONTARIO,
BEING FOR THE YEAR ENDING 30th SEPTEMBER,
1889.
PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY,
T OH ONTO. ■
PRINTED BY WARWICK & SONS, 68 AND 70 FRONT STREET WEST.
1890.
63 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 10). A. 1890
Office of the
Inspector of Prisons and Public Charities,
Parliament Buildings,
Toronto, November, 1889
To the Honourable
Sir Alexander Campbell, K.C.M.G.,
Lieutenant-Governor of the Province of Ontario.
May it Please Your Honour : —
I have the honour to submit herewith, the Twenty-second Annual Report
upon the Lunatic and Idiot Asylums of Ontario, being for the official year ending
30th September, 1889.
I have the honour to be,
Your Honour's most obedient servant,
W. T. O'REILLY,
Ins'pector.
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 10). A. 1890>
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
Pagk.
Tables of Asylum Operations and Statistics 1-25.
List of Asylum tables 1
Table No. 1, shewing movements of entire Asylum population 2-3
Table No. 2, shewing the general movements and result of treatment of lunatics in the Asylums
of the Province, during each of the twelve years, from October 1st, 1876, to 30th Septem-
ber, 1889 4-5
Table No. 3, shewing the counties from which patients were admitted during the year, and
the Asylums they were assigned to 6
Table No. 4, shewing the counties from which the entire number of patients admitted to
Asylums have been received, as well as the admissions of the present year, and from which
the patients in residence on the 30th September, 1889, originally came 7
Table No. 5, shewing the length of time the patients received into the Asylum during the
year had been insane prior to their admission 8
Table No. 6, shewing the length of residence of patients remaining in the Asylums on the 30th
of September, 1889 9
Tabic No. 7, shewing the periods that patients were under treatment who were discharged
cured during the year 10
Table No. 8, shewing the periods that patients were under treatment who were discharged
improved during the year 11
Table No. 9, shewing the period that patients were imder treatment who were discharged
unimproved during the year 12
Table No. 10, shewing the length of Asylum residence of the patients who died during the
year 13
Table No. 11, shewing the cause of death of those who died during the year 14
Table No. 12, shewing the trades, 'callings, and occupations of patients admitted into the
Asylums during the year, and of those admitted during the I'ast and anterior years 15-17
Table No. 13, shewing detailed expenditure of the various Asylums for the year ending 30th
September, 1889 18
Table No. 14, shewing the expenditure in each Asylum under the various headings of the
estimates, and the annual cost per patient under such headings 19
Table No. 15, shewing the supplies for which tenders were invited, and the price paid for the
same under contract 20
Table No. 16, shewing the number of oflBcers and employes in each and of all the Asylums,
classified according to the duties performed 21
Table No. 17, shewing the nature of the employm ent, the number of patients who woiked, the
number of days work done by patients, and the average work, in days, per patient,
during the year 22
Table No. 18, shewing in quinquennial periods the ages of those persons admitted during the
year 23
S3 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 10). A. 18P0
Page.
Table No. 19, shewin? in quinquennial periods the ages of those persons discharged as cured
during the year 24
Table No. 20, shewing in quinquennial periods the ages of those persons who died during the
year 25
Summary of Asylum operations 26
Number of insane persons known to the Department, table shewing the 26
Table shewing number of beds and number of vacancies in each Asylum on 30th September,
1889 27
Comments thereupon 2
Admissions to Asylums 27
Social state, natioaalitiei, etc., of patients admitted during the year, and of the total admis-
sions 27-28
Discharges 28
Probational discharge, table of 28
Deaths 29
Assigned cause of insanity 29-30
Table shewing yearly increase in population in Asylums 31
Employment of patients 31-32
Percentage of days worked 32
Asylum extension 32
General remarks 33-36
Asylum expenditure 3f
Cost per patient, 1888-9 38
Revenue from paying patients 38
Comparative statement of revenue 39
Homewood Retreat, table shewing operations of 40
" inebriate branch 40
APPENDIX.
\Report op Medical Superintendent op Toronto Asylum 3-25
Movements of patients 3
Recoveries 3
Assaults 3
New cottages at Mimico 4
Admissions 4
Erections 5
Sewec . . 5
Flower Mission 6
Mimico farm 6
Amusements 6-7
Statistical tables 8-25
'•Report of Superintendent op London Asylum 26-52
Summary of movements of patients 26
Destruction of cottage by fire, January 26 26
Repairs, renewals, etc., carried out 26-28
Alterations recommended 28
Sewage disposal • • • • 29
Fire protection ■ 29
Restraint 3^
Alcohol 31
Religious services '1
Amusements 31-33
Officers and employers ^3
Statistical tables 35-52
vi.
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 10). A. 1890
Report of the Medical Superintendent ob" Kingston Asylum 53-74
Summary of Asylum operations 53
Admission.s 53
Discharges 53
Deaths 53
Training School for Asylum nurses 54
Cottage for convalescents , 54
Pathologist for Asylums of Ontario 54-55
General remarks 55
Thanks 55
Farm and garden 55.
Officers and employes 55
Statistical tables 57-74
Report of the Medical Superintendent of the Hamilton Asylum 75-98
Summary of Asylum operations 75-98
Summary of statistics 7g
Infirmary yg
Improvements and repairs yg,
Dicing room 7g.
Farm 77
Farm buildings 77
Gardener's Department 77
Enginneer's " 78
Coal sheds 78
Refrigerator 78
Kitchen and bakery 78
Attendants' wages 78
Amusements , 7<>
Religious services 79,
Officers 79 .
Statistical tables 80-98
Report of thk Medical Superintendent of the Obillia Asylum 99-115
Summary of Asylum operations 99
Work 99-101
Improvements 100
Requirements 101
Amusements \oi
School 101-105
Sunday services 105
Statistical tables 106-115
VU.
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 10). A. 1890
ASYLUMS FOR THE INSAiNE AND IDIOTIC.
For greater convenience of reference, the tables containing statistics on all
points concerning the operations of the Asylums, are placed at the beginning of
this report. The following is a list of these tables : —
Table No 1. — Shews the movement of the entire Asylum population for the j-ear
ending 30th September, 1889.
Table No. 2. — Shews the general movements and result of treatment of lunatics
in the Asylums of the Province during each of the twelve years from the 1st
October, 1876, to the i30th September, 1889.
Table No. 3. — Shews the Counties from which patients were received during the
year, and the Asylums to which they were assigned.
Table No. i. — Shews the Counties from which the entire number of patients
admitted to the Asylums have been received, also the Counties from which
the patients in residence on the 30th September, 1889, were originally
admitted.
Table No. 5. — Shews the length of time the patients received into the Asylums
during the year had been insane pi'ior to their admission.
Table No. 6. — Shews the length of residence of all patients remaining in the
Asylums on the 30th September, 1889.
Table No. 7. — Shews the periods that patients who were discharged cured during
the year were under treatment.
Table No. 8. — Shews the periods that patients were under treatment, who wpre
discharged improved during the year.
Table No. 9. — Shews the periods during which patients were under treatment,
who were discharged unimproved during the year.
Table No. 10. — Shews the length of Asylum residence of patients who died during
the year.
Table No. 11. — Shews the causes of death of those patients who died in the
Asylums during the year.
Table No. 12. — Shews the trades, callings and occupations of those patients who
were admitted during the year, as well as of the total number admitted.
Table No. 13. — Shews the detailed expenditure of the various Asylums during
the year ending 30th September, 1889.
Table No. 14. — Shews the expenditure in each Asylum under the various headino-s
of the estimates, and the annual cost, per patient, under each heading.
Table No. 15. — Shews the supplies for which tenders were invited, and the prices
paid for the same under contract.
Table No. 16. — Shews the number of officers and employes in each of the
Asylums, classified according to the duties performed.
Table No. 17. — Shews the nature of the employment, the number of patients
employed, the number of days' work done by patients, and the average work
in days, per patient, during the year.
Table No. 18. — Shews in quinquennial periods the ages of those persons admitted
during the year.
Table No. 19. — Shews in quinquennial periods the ages of those persons discharged
cured during the year.
Table No. 20. — Shews in quinquennial periods the ages of those who died during
the year.
1 (A.)
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE
Shewing the movements of the entii-e Asylum
Toronto Asylum.
1
London Asylum.
1
£
re
O
H
'ci
i
-3
Number of patients in Asylums on 1st October, 1888
Admitted during year ending 30th September 1889
349
70
348
54
697
124
456
47
457
34
913
81
Total number under treatment during year
Admitted by transfer from one Asylum to another
419
1
402
821
1
503
491
994
i ■■■
Total number on Asylum registers and actually under treatment
in each Asylum during year
420
1
402
822
503
491
994
Discharged cured
' ' improved
24
5
4
29
9
4
53
14
8
19
1
4
1
13
5
2
32
6
6
1
Total number discharged during year
33
2
21
42
15
75
2
36
25
2
24
20
15
45
2
Died
39
35
Total number discharged, escaped, died and transferred during
year
56
57
113
51
86
Number of patients remaining in Asylums on 30th September,
1889
363
345
708
452
1
456
908
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
No. 1.
population during the year ending 30tn September, 1889.
Kingston Asylum.
Hamilton Asylum.
1
Total Number ok
Lunatics.
Oeillia Asylum.
Total Number of
Lunatics & Idiots.
i
i
J
S 1
m
1'
"^
§ 1
1554
269
DO
Is
o
H
3110
514
93
'ci
S
O
i
w
<v
1697
294
<D
S
ce
o
324
52
344
55
668
107
425
100
1
407
102
832
202
1556
245
143
25
1
141
20
284
45
1697
265
3394
559
376
399
775
525
509
1034
1823
1
1824
1801
3624
1
168
1
161
329
1
1991
2
1962
3953
2
376
399
775
525
509
1034
1801
3625
169
1
161
330
1993
1962
3955
16
9
3
22
5
2
38
14
5
26
13
3
1
33
15
5
1
59
28
8
2
85
28
14
9.
97-
34
13
1
182
62
27
3
3
4
85
28
15
2
97
34
16
1
182
62^
31
3
57
34
1
28
1
29
13
43
4
27
1
1
54
22
1
97 ' 129
4 1 9
145
65
1
210
274
9
158
2
1
3
4
i 130
9
102
2
148
72
278
9
21
1
49
1
!
93
2
9
7
16
174
2
1
51
42
93
1
75
76
151
233
443
10
10
1
20
243
220
463
325
357
1
682
450
433
1
883
1590
1591
3181
158
151
309
1748
1742
3490
^3 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE
Shewing the general movements and result of treatment of Lunatics in
1st October, 1876, to the
Yeae
Ending
Average daily number of
patients resident.
Number of lunatics
admitted each year.
Number of patients
recovered in each
year.
Number of
patients discharged
improved and unim-
proved each year.
30th
•Septkmbkr.
M
s
Is
916
954
1010
1086
1164
103U
1
903
971
1044
1129
1190
1047.4
Is
1
1819
1925
2054
2215
2354
3073.4
243
252
231
257
270
350. «
"3
ai
i
'3
1
aj
"eS
'cS
S
1
1877
194
227
230
250
232
330.6
437
479
461
507
502
477.3
82
92
71
53
84
76.4
70
65
64
61
82
68.4
152
157
135
114
166
144 8
26
28
42
32
33
33.3
29
31
27
54
38
35.8
55
1878
59
1879
69
1880
86
71881
71
Average of
live years..
68
1882
1219
1280
1303
1348
1238
1300
1331
1360
2457
2580
2034
2708
251
253
262
259
242
266
231
198
493
519
493
457
73
94
79
88
86
80
99
101
159
174
178
189
20
36
37
41
46
54
37
39
66
,1883
90
1884
74
1885
80
1886
1409
1421
2830
287
232
519
75
69
144
33
26
59
Average of
Ave years . .
1»11.8
1330
3041.8
363.4
333.8
496.3
81.8
87
168.8
33.4
40.4
73.8
1887
1461
1491
1225
1454
1494
1235
2915
2985
2460
219
309
269
206
257
245
425
566
514
88
76
85
89
60
97
177
136
182
31
42
42
31
43
47
62
1888
85
1889
89
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 189C
No. 2.
the Asylums of the Province during each of the thirteen years from the
30th September, 1889.
Number
of patients who
Percentage of recoveries
Percentage of deaths upon
Number of lunatics re-
maining in Asylums at
the end of each year.
died
in each year.
upon admission.
number resident.
1
s
o
EH
^
H
§
Females.
Total.
Males.
Females.
c
le
s
o
67
48
115
33.74
36.08
34.78
1
7.31
5.31
6.32
926
933
1859
64
50
114
36.82
28 63
32.77
6.70
5.14
5.92
989
1014
2003
62
49
111
30.73
27.82
29.28
6.13
4.69
5.40
1039
1104
2143
69
73
142
20.62
24.40
22.48
6.35
6.46
6.41
1133
1165
-2298
86
58
144
31.11
35.34
33.06
7.38
4.87
6.11
1199
1217
2416
69. «
.5.56
135.2
30.60
30.4,5
30.47
677
.529
6.03
1057.2
1086.6
2143.8
99
67
166
29.08
35.38
32.25
8.12
5.41 i 6.75
1249
1259
2508
92
71
163
37.15
30.07
33.52
7.18
5.46
6.31
1274
1320
2594
90
64
154
30.15
42.85
36.10
6.90
4.80
5.85
1320
1351
2671
86
60
146
33.97
51.01
41.35
6.38
4.41 1 5.39
13.56
1349
2705
86
55
141
26.13
29.74
27.66
6 10
3.87
4.98
1449
1450
2899
90.6
63.4
1.54
31.29
3:.8i
34 17
6.93
4.79
.5.85
1329.6
1345.8
2675.4
77
66
143
40.18
43.20
1 41.64
5.27
4.53
4.79
1459
1468
2927
90
66
156
24.. 59
23.34
1 24.02
i 6.04
4.42
5.22
1554
1.556
3110
93
65
158
31.60
39.59
35.41
i 7.59
5.25
6.43
1590
1591
3181
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 3.
Shewing the Counties and places from which patients were admitted to the
Asylums and the Asylums'they were assigned to.
03 ■
COUNTY OR PLACE.
"^5
> "g
o o
S be
2.S
£ a
H i3
S
o
a
2
"1
o
g
5
m
B
_g
S)
■S
a
<
13
o
a
e3
a
m
<
L. 03 ^
IS
fc, o
H
o
1^
o
14
o
o
o
o
^2
"S
a CD
-*^
^J
-*-*
"^
t, F"
;3 >
-o
T3
-s
T3
tS
» g S
S a °
^"^
(ID
S
bo
c
bo
§ §o
3-S
t §*>=
Ml
°?
4
1
*5
<
<1
^
<!l
<J
Algoma
Brant
1
4
5
5
8
3
13
8
13
2
Bruce
5
1
Carleton ...
8
17
25
1
19
5
Dufferin
1
3
.5
1
8
1
Elgin
Essex
1
7
1
1
4
20
5
21
"i"
4
1
Frontenac
19
1
-Orey
4
4
8
1
6
1
3
3
6
6
1
7
6
4
7
11
""i"
"s'
7
Hastings
2
3
1
18
3
21
4
5
11
4
5
Kent
6
5
4
3
8
6
6
4
14
11
10
7
11
3
ii
10
7
Lennox and Addington
6
9
5
22
11
31
1
10
Middlesex
28
3
1
4
1
5
1
2
9
1
2
Norfolk ... . ,
9
i
Northumberland and Durham
3
5
8
3
1
1
3
12
7
5
5
17
12
13
1
2
4
2
Oxford
6
1
2
2
2
Peel ....
2
1
5
6
7
7
3
1
4
Perth
5
1
Peterborough
4
1
5
2
1
i
1
4
1
6
5
6
1
4
6
1
,,
Rainy River
1
1
1
14
1
19
2
33
2
Simcoe
3
27
3
Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry
Thunder Bay . ...
Victoria
7
12
19
1
18
2
2
2
4
3
7
4
3
6
3
6
7
45
7
9
14
39
49
2
13
12
20
46
94
2
1
12
10
20
38
17
Welland
2
Wentworth
5
72
2
1
2
York
5
Not classed .
Total
216
343
559
124
81
107
202
45
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 4.
Shewing the Counties and Districts from which the entire number of patients
admitted to the Asylums have been received, inckiding the admissions of the
present year; also the Counties and Districts from which the patients re-
maining in residence the 30th September, 1889, were originally admitted.
a
s
c
m
■ rH
s
<
Patients in Residence on 30th Sep-
tember, 1889.
COUNTIES AND PLACES.
S
<
o
o
H
3
M
«
0
C
0
(-3
<
c
0
i»
be
S
S
<
c
0
2
m
• <
0
3
0
5
13
8
25
1
8
2?
8
6
31
275
233
430
15
259
185
562
286
182
1
238
269
416
262
345
282
302
192
323
833
27
2
184
634
389
349
263
313
184
98
121
2
96
556
353
8
168
236
199
487
857
2571
392
5
3
2
14
2
4
2
6
31
1
3
14
65
4
"59'
57
5
11
6
1
""i
94
"i
89
2
5
41
9
1
6
4
"i2"
38
38
1
2
4
12
1
6
9
4
17
7
15
Brant .
60
82
Carleton
125
9
Elgin
Essex
73
69
116
99
52
Halton
7
11
21
4
14
11
10
7
11
31
2
1
9
8
17
12
2
7
7
5
5
6
1
^
33
19
2
7
13
12
20
46
94
2
4
13
9
2
"4'"
9
7
7
3
1
1
2
56
46
11
"27"
8
23
1
3
■■3'
19
6
3
10
76
58
93
5
4
2
1
188
"41"
"i"
63
62
42
'"i"
31
4
2
1
2
'm'
4
10
16
7
11
5
4
12
2
11
5
45
Hastings
74
108
Kent
71
107
Lanark
Leeds and Grenville ... .
78
81
Lennox and Addington
63
64
Middlesex
Muskoka
207
7
Nipissing
Norfolk . . . . ....
1
8
10
7
64
"e'
60
3
1
"i
6
2
21
12
2
"i"
2
10
25
23
'31"
4
81
37
16
21
11
4
8
4
7
' 'i '
1
1
121
2
5
12
29
43
73
115
113
6
11
11
8
"'5'
6
3
1
3
■■'5'"
14
7
"X'
5
4
G
10
47
55
Northumberland and Durham
114
97
Oxford
96
Parry Sound
4
Peel
47
Perth
Peterborough
80
46
Prescott and Russell
28
Prince Edward
Rainy River
Renfrew . . .
Simcoe
30
2
40
164
Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry
Thunder Bay
102
5
Victoria
Waterloo
Welland
Wellington
17
1
7
18
15
304
11
5
14
1
2
5
31
14
7
"i"
3
26
31
45
49
55
100
Wentworth
York
Not classed
148
521
56
559
14415
708
908
682
883
309
3490
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 5.
Shewing the length of time Lunatics received into the Asylums during the year
had been insane prior to admission.
DURATION OF INSANITY PRIOR TO
ADMISSION.
Toronto
Asylum.
London
Asylum.
Kingston
Asylum.
1
Hamilton
Asylum.
Total.
Under 1 month
30
'J 1
1
22
57 !
lis
From 1 to 2 months
18
1
6
12
25
61
"
2 " 3 ' "
18
9
2
3
(
8
2
2
4
6
10
7
2
3
4
11
13
7
47
3 " 4 " .
31
4 " 5 "
13
5 " 6 "
10
6 " 7 "
8
25
"
7 M 8 „
6
3
3
2
1
10
2
3
3
2
4
2
4
1
3
2
2
2
4
3
1
1
16.
8 " 9 "
10
9 "10 "
10
10 " 11 "
7
11 " 12 "
12 " 18 "
16
30
18 months to 2 years
2
3
5
5
15
3
6
9
10
28
3 " 4 "
1
4
3
2
5
6
4
13
■
4 " 5 "
12
,
5 " 6 "
1
! 1
1
4
3
1
5-
■
6 " 7 "
1
7 " 8 "
8 " 9 "
1
i
1
1
1
2
2-
2
5-
9 "10 "
1
2
2
5
10 " 15 H
2
3
3
3
1
1 11
15 u 20 "
1
90 vattru anr) iiiiwnrri,^ .
i
1
1
i
1
1
Unknown
1
0
1
22
24
Totals
124
81
107
202
514
58 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 181)0
TABLE No. 6.
Shewing the length of residence of patients remaining in the Asylums on the
30th September, 1889.
LENGTH OF RESIDENCE.
Under 1 month
From 1 to 2 months.
2 " 3 " .
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
4
5
(i
7
8
9
10
11
12
18
18 months to 2 years ,
2 to 3 years
3 " 4
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
15
6
7
8
9
10
15
20
" 20 years and iipwards.
Unknown
Toronto
Asylum.
15
10
7
4
10
5
1
5
5
6
1
7
53
23
39
49
21
38
36
29
16
23
153
60
92
Total
708
London
Kingston
Asylum.
Asylum.
9
7
7
3
5
10
3
7
10
9
3
15
3
4
5
1
1
7
8
5
6
3
50
10
22
28 1
40
22
49
37
40
44
60
44
45
39
l.SO
248
44
142
33
56
32
29
18
16
79
66
36
Hamilton | Orillia
Asylum. I Asylum.
908
682
19
11
12
15
14
14
9
25
13
9
12
16
93
41
65
58
38
46
42
47
45
88
70
69
4
883
1
7
3
3
5
3
3
1
4
8
4
32
43
34
6
9
8
47
6
11
7
62
309
Total.
41
40
40
29
47
42
25
23
39
36
27
83
151
221
207
299
161
184
221
150
137
130
512
444
197
4
3490
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 7.
Shewing the periods that patients were under treatment who were discharged
during the year as cured.
Ui
PERIODS UNDER TREATMENT.
Toronto
Asylum.
London
Asylum .
Kingston
Asylum .
Hamilton
Asylum .
Total.
ider 1 ir
lonth
0 2 months .
, 3 „
3
6
9
4
2
4
7
3
2
1
2
2
2
2
1
2
4
3
8
8
4
4
3
6
3
2
3
1
4
2
4
From 1 t
1
2
1
6
3
3
2
2
2
1
3
2
9
2 t
2
5
4
2
5
4
3
2
1
3
2
3
1
1
17
3
4 ,
5 ,
6 ,
7 ,
8 ,
9 ,
. 10 ,
. 11
12 ,
18 m
2 t
3
4
5
6 ,
7
8
9
. 10
1R
, 4 „
13
, 5 M
20
, 6 „
17
19
,8 ,
13
,9 „
10
,10 ,
11
,11 „
Y
,12 „
10
,18
9
onths to 2 years
6
1
6
, 4 „
1
4
,5 „
, 6 .,
2
2
, 7 „
1
1
, 8 ..
, 9 ,
,10 „
,15
... .
1
3
4
, 20 ti
.1 20 V
)tals
T(
53
32
38
59
182
10
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 8.
Shewing the periods that patients were under treatment who were discharged
during the year as improved.
PERIODS UNDER TREATMENT.
Toronto
Asylum .
London
Asylum .
Kingston
Asylum .
Hamilton
Asylum.
Total
Under 1 month
1
1
1
2
From 1 to 2 months
2
3
2 " 3
3 M 4
4 M 5
5 „ 6
6 „ 7
7 H 8
8 „ 9
9 „ 10
., 10 „ 11
M 11 „ 12
„ 12 „ 18
11 18 months to
2 to 3 yea
3 „ 4
1
1
3
3
4
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
2
1
3
2
5
1
1
1
1
3
2
• ■
1
4
1
1
2
1
3
5
4
1
1
5
1
1
1
2
1
6
2 years
8
rs
5
1
4 ,1 5
4
5
5 1, 6
6 1, 7
1
1
1
7 11 8
1
S ,1 9
9 „ 10
1
1
,1 10 „ 15
„ 15 „ 20
11 20 years and
Totals
upwards
1
. .1
i
14
6
14
28
62
11
63 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 9.
Shewing the periods that the patients were under treatment who were discharged during
the year unimproved.
1
PERIODS UNDER TREATMENT.
Toronto
Asylum.
London
Asylum.
Kingston
Asylum.
Hamilton
Asylum.
Totals.
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
4
From 1 to 2 mc
ir 2 V S
)nths
2
3
4
5
1, 3
1 4
I 5
1 6
1 7
I 8
1 9
1 10
' 11
1 12
. 18
1
2
„ 4
1. 5
1
1
2
II 6
7
II 8
11 9
1
1
„ 10
1 11
12
2
2
II 18 months tc
2 to 3 ye
11 3 11 4
ars
1
1
1
2
1
2
11 4 11 5
1
1
11 5 11 6
11 6 II 7
7 .1 8
11 8 II 9
1
1
1
1
9 ,1 10
II 10 11 15
1
1
11 15 1, 20
II 10 years anc
To
8
7
5
8
28
12
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 10.
Shewing the length of residence of patients who died during the year.
LENGTH OF RESIDENCE.
Toronto
Asylum.
London
Asylum.
Kingston
Asylum.
Hamilton
Asylum.
Orillia
Asylum.
Totals.
Under 1 m
1
1
3
4
4
2
2
2
1
1
4
1
6
9
-> •?. mr.nt.Vis
5
,. 5> .. ^ „
10
, 3 ,. 4
, 4 „ 5
, 5 „ 6
. 6 „ 7
- 7 „ 8
, 8 „ 9
, 9 „ 10
, 10 „ 11
, 11 „ 12
, 12 „ 18
4
1
4
1
8
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
1
4
3
5
2
3
1
2
1
6
4
2
1
1
4
1
1
3
1
7
1
5
4
3
2
1
2
1
2
2
1
3
2
1
2
1
4
1
4
10
15
1 18 months to
2 to 3 yea
3 ,. 4 „
2 years
rs
2
5
1
4
2
2
1
2
2
3
5
10
9
, 4
■ 5
, ti
.- 7
„ 8
M 9
,. 10
„ 15
, 5 „
, 6 „
. 7 ,.
, 8 M
, 9 „
- 10 „
, 15 „
, 20 „
6
4
2
7
3
1
7
J
10
1
7
2
26
16
1, 20 Vfiara and
1
T(
)tal8
36
39
34
49
16
174
13
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 11.
Shewing the causes of death of those who died during the year.
CAUSES OF DEATH.
Aneurism
Apoplexy
Cerebral .
Bilious fever . . . .
Bright's disease .
Cancer of ovary
" omentium
" breast . . . .
Chronic cystitis
Cerebral effusion ....
C^rebritis
Chronic diarrhoea. . .
Congestion of brain . .
Consumption
Cerebral paralysis . . .
Cardiac disease
Diarrhoea. . . . . .
Disease of liver .
Dysentery
Enteritis
Epilepsy
Exhaustion of mania.
Euophthalmic goitre.
Erysipelas
Gastric ulcer . . . .
Gangrene
General parisis. . .
General debility.
Heart clot.
Heart
Killed.
Marasmus .
Paresis
Peritonitis
Phthisis
Pneumonia
Purpura-hemoroguita
Paralysis
Rhumatoid arthritis
Senile decay.
Totals .
I ^
3
36
2
1
ti
39
W
1 I
34
10
49
16
1
1
I
2
2
1
1
1
1
4
3
1
4
3
11
9
1
2-
1
9
4
1
19
6
3
26
2
1
7
1
22
174
14
63 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 12.
Shewing trades, callings and occupations of patients admitted into the Asylums
during the year, and also of the total number admitted.
TRADES, CALLINGS AND OCCUPATIONS.
Actors
Artists . . . .
Agents . . . .
Architects
Actuaries .
Basketmakers . .
Bankers
Book-keepers. ..
Bakers
Bricklayers
Butchers
Blacksmiths. . . .
Brassfinishers . .
Brewers
Builders
Barbers'
Broom-makers .
Barristers
Bookbinders . . .
Brickmakers . . .
Bridgetenders .
Bru'^hmakers . . , .
Buttonmakers. .
Baggage master
Commercial travellers .
Cabinetmakers
Consuls
Confectioners
Coopers
Carpenters
Clerks
Clergj'men
Carriagemakers
Cooks
Carders
Captains of steamboats
Cigarmakers
Customhouse officers . .
Coppersmiths
Cheesemakers
Civil Servants
Clock-cleaners
Carters
Contractor
Clothdressers
Chiselmakers
Coachmen
Dyers
Domestic servants, all kinds .
Dressmakers
Detectives
Druggists
Engineers.
Editors . . .
Farniers . .
Fishermen
Founders .
Admissions of
this year.
Total
Admissions.
3
6
10
2
38
7
66
1
2
20
2
1
1
1
32
27
16
34
105
3
13
4
10
4
3
2
3
1
1
2
1
16
21
1
6
34
288
238
47
la
11
5
&
8
6
1
2
7
1
5
1
14
1
1
3
1780
60
1
24
37
2
2345
10
2
15
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 12— Continued.
Shewing trades, callings and occupations of patients admitted into the Asylums
during the vear, etc.
TRADES, CALLINGS AND OCCUPATIONS.
Admissions of
this year.
Total
Admissions.
Ferrymen
2
Furriers ,
1
2
Gardeners
23
Grocers
Glassblowers
2
17
3
Gentlemen
Glovemakers
1
31
1
Gunsmiths
1
Governess
1
Hucksters
1
Hatters
"i
1
Hostlers
Hunters
7
1
Harnessmakers
1
98
3
25
Housekeepers
2426
Hackdrivers
Innkeepers
7
1
Ironmongers
1
Jewellers
1
15
3
Journalist
Lock-keeper
65
15
2
1
1
1
1868
La^indresses ....
6
Ladies ....
93
Lawyers
24
Lumbermen
6
Lathers ■
1
Loomfixer
1
Milliners
Masons . ,
3
1
1
40
60
52
2
Millers
1
41
Moulders
32
Merchants
8
2
159
Mechanics
45
Music teachers
10
Marblecutters
3
1
Millwrights
2
Messenger
No occupation
41
601
2
9
2
Piano casemaker
1
10
4
Photographers
11
16
53 "v^'ictoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 12— Concluded.
Shewing trades, callings and occupations of patients admitted into the Asylums
during the year, etc.
TRADES, CALLINGS AND OCCJPATIONS.
Prostitutee
Painters
Piinters
Peddlers
Physicians
Putnpmakers
Plumbers
Patternmakers. .. .
Policemen
Private secretary .
Railway employes
Spinsters
Sailors
Students .... . .
•Spinners
Sisters of Charity
Sodawater manufacturers
Stonecutters
Showmen
Saddlers
Shoemakers
Seamstresses
■Slaters
Soldiers
Salesmen
Surveyors .......
Sail and tent-makers
Shopkeepers
Shiphuilaeis
Stenographers
Teachers .
Tinsmiths
Tavernkeepers. .
Tailors
Tanners
Teamsters
Tollgate keepers
Upholsterers
Veterinary surgeon
Vinegar maker
Watchmakers .
Wooilwiirkers. . .
Weavers
Wheelwrights .
Wagrgoumakers .
"Waiters
Admissions of
this year.
Total
Admissions.
Unknown or other employments, and idiots.
89
77
44
31
36
3
3
1
1
1
21
146
65
75
12
2
1
9
2
7
158
160
1
20
6
5
2
7
5
3
207
32
18
124
7
9
2
1
1
7
5
30
2
11
5
2234
2(A)
17
53 V^ictoria.
Sessional Paper3 (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 13.
Shewing in detail the expenditure of the various Asylums during the
ending on 30th September, 1889.
year
Details.
Medicines ... • •
Medical comforts and appliances
Butcher's meat
P(,nltry, tish, etc
Flour, bread, etc
Butter •
I'larley, rice, peas and meal
Tci
Cotiee
Cheese
Eggs •■;••• ••••
Fruit (dried)
Tobacc<i and piiies .•,•,■■
Salt, pepper, mustard, vinegar, pickles.
Sug.ar and syrup
Unenumerated j^roceries
Fruit and vegetables
Bedding
Straw for bedding
Clothing
Shoes
Coal
Wood
Gas
Oil and candles
Matches •
Brushes, brooms and mops
Bath-brick, black-lead, blacking
Soap and other laundry expenses
Water
Advertising and printing
Postage, telegraph and expr.-ss charges.
Statio"nerv and library
Furniture, renewals and repairs
Iron and tinware
Crockery and glassware
Feed and fodder - ......
Farm stock & implements, repairs thereto
Repairs (ordinary) to buildings
Hardware, etc
Paints and oil
Officer's travelling expenses
Elopers, cost of recovering
Freight and duties
Amusements
Religious services
Rent
Incidentals .... . ,••••.•••
Transfer and removal of patients
Salaries and wages
Toronto
Asylum.
Totals
411 H7
90 80
12708 IG
1320 14
7509 7C
4679 57
965 52
2046 23
382 50
454 17
461 95
790 54
358 14
3742 62 I
788 64 I
589 82
1299 98
3207 25
881 60
12.316 54
952 38
2191 43
165 46
6 15
173 70
14 50
1199 59
5391 11
ISO 00
273 43
1()2 25
421 14
742 47
571 90
426 30
1986 10
987 27
4101 40
373 54
381 10
157 75
16 60
6 50
206 40
214 50
London
Asylum.
760 22
' 130 JO 87"
1401 41
7846 42
7023 86
1017 41
1230 46
792 62
700 14
446 71
968 17
1124 14
513 .51
4422 97
73 56
218 61
4.542 73
1178 04
7146 63
1428 03
15916 82
166 27
"31287 76
107462 30
2618 30
72 27
72 00
546 56
19 95
1403 36
47 00
292 84
405 91
236 80
2423 63
362 87
1313 15
1897 77
1524 CS
3206 26
1684 34
2139 05
33 35
84 81
201 46
,544 99
169 00
700 04
374 80
3 5i)
34224 66
Kingston
Asylum.
607 67
70 00
10706 20
895 56
6811 74
3813 48
10H9 15
1423 91
1190 17
222 50
319 13
359 15
671 67
305 12
2625 97
73 79
1940 43
1816 81
124 53
399* 10
631 79
11338 58
62 00
665 14
102 55
128398 66
215 87
10 15
907 35
396 13
317 42
306 77
440 63
1721 31
98 82
509 82
3863 80
690 18
1867 48
703 69
601 06
206 28
32 30
50 08
305 85
25 00
765 35
10 00
24596 14
Hamilton
Asylum.
518 67
2 26
11873 08
1802 38
6763 31
5729 11
1963 62
1986 98
1067 40
972 97
255 37
1632 93
820 93
397 5i
3558 91
90552 62
1447 15
1405 44
745 04
5840 27
548 02
17381 83
690 81
2608 85
120 50
48 93
413 96
16 05
984 70
1574 S9
354 75
326 02
3.53 76
500 64
1211 51
736 38
496 71
3752 58
1989 56
1616 69
641 39
1355 75
20 35
46 64
98 14
617 49
3 00
1116 08
526 65
Orillia
Asylum.
48 9»
30347 43
119283 40
3592 74
277 75
3.S88 06
1909 67
455 30
250 18
449 48
23 27
l;3 15
231 24
90 65
98 70
1144 77
109 07
947 51
451 32
162 19
1743 67
601 28
4So6 2a
2745 41
455 29
115 85
8 73
110 61
838 06
.5006"
170 42
152 20
78 35
528 06
159 22
97 96
1729 59'
213 26
987 06
95 10
156 26
121 96
5 oa
16 09
43 45
667 92
249 40
18
58 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
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63 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10),
A. 18?0
TABLE No. 16.
Shewing the number of officers and employes in each and all of the Asylums classified
according to the duties performed.
OCCUPATION.
S
<
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H
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<
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S
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3
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1
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2
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
"i
1
1
1
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2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
"1"
1
5
4
6
S>
8
2
1
1
1
'"2"
5
i"
' i"
1
2
"i'
. ^.
4
2
7
0
4
2
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5
1
2
1
2
2
3
2
7
]
2
1
2
2
3
2
3
8
28
2
Carpenters
1
2
8
Painters
2
1
2
1
2
\
4
3
1
1
1
1
5
4
4
6
8
Farmers ainl Farm Labourers
12
11
1
Stable and Stock-keepers
2
1
2
6
4
8
1
9
8
1
1
1
3
3
2
1
10
7
1
5
3
1
7
5
2
1
7
6
6
25
18
Housemaids
23
3
Attendants.
10
10
1
1
37
32
1
17
20
3
3
2
6
1 8
' 2
3
2
28
24
■■■3'
is
14
2
3
io
16
3
3
83
Ordinary Female .Attendants
82
10
Female Night Watchers
15
Totals
100
126
81'
107
54
468
21
63 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
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63 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. ISUO
SUMMARY OF ASYLUM OPERATIONS.
The returns from the different Asylums in the Province shew an increase in
the insane and idiotic population on the 30th September, 1889, as compared with
the corresponding date in the previous year of 197, viz.: 86 males and 111
females. The total numbers being as follows, 30th September, 1888, 3,856, same
date, 1889, 4,0o3.
Of this total there were in residence in the Provincial Asylums 3,490
persons. In the Homewood Retreat, at Guelph, 18 ; in the insane convict wards
at the Kingston Penitentiary, 39, and in the common gaols of the Province await-
ing removal to asylums, 60. Total in confinement: 3,607.
In addition to this there were 99 certified applications for admission to
lunatic asylums and 347 applicants for admission to the idiot asylum on fyle.
The details of the distribution of all these persons will be found in the
following table which afi'ords also a means of comparison with the previous
year :
Place ok Confinement.
30th September, 1888.
Males. Females. Total
30th September, 1889.
Males.
Females.
Total.
Asylum for insane, Toronto .
M II London .
II n Kingston.
II II Hamilton
Total insane in Asylums.
Asylum for idiots, Orillia. . . .
349
456
324
425
Total numbfir in Provincial Asylums
Homewood Retreat, Guelph
Insane con vi ;ts in Kingston Penitentiary
Insane and idiotic persons in the Common Gaols.
Total number of insane and idiotic persons
under public accommodation .••;••
Number of applications on hand for admission
to the Toronto Asylum
Number of applicatiims oa hand for admission
to the London Asylum .■•;•■
Number of applications on hand for admission
to the Kinarston Asylum .••.■••
Number of applications on hand for admission
to the Hamilton Asylum
Number of applications on hand for admission
to the Onllia Asylum
Total number of insane and idiotic persons
known to the Department on 30th Sep-
tember, 1888 and 1889
1554
143
1697
6
28
40
1771
1
2
5
9
172
1960
26
348
457
314
407
697
913
668
832
363
452
325
450
345
456
357
433
1556
141
1697
9
1
18
3110
284
3394
15
29
58
1725
1
26
5
4 !
135 I
3496
2
28
10
13
307
1590
158
1748
9
38
27
1822
2
13
7
7
195
1896
3856
2046
1591
151
1742
9
1
33
1785
3
58
3
6
152
2007
708
908
fih2
883
3181
309
3490
18
39
60
3607
5
71
10
13
347
4053
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
I am able to report an increase in asylum accommodation of only 13 beds as
•compared with the previous year. The number in the Hamilton Asylum havino;
been added to that extent. The table hereunder shews the distribution of the
beds among the different asylums and how they were occupied on the 30th
September, 1889.
In Toronto Asylum there were five more patients than beds.
At London Asylum the number of patients exceeded the number of beds by
four.
Kingston Asylum had three vacancies.
Hamilton Asylum had twenty vacancies.
Orillia had nine inmates more then beds.
Asylums.
Number of Beds.
Number in Residence on 30th
September, 1889.
Number of Vacancies.
Males.
354
452
327
464
145
Females. ! Total.
1
Males.
Females.
Total.
708 •
908
682
883
309
Males.
Females.
Total.
Toronto
1
1
349 703
363
452
325
450
158
345
456
357
433
151
liOndon
452
358
439
155
904
685
903
300
Kingston
Hamilton ... .• .
Orillia .|.-. .
2
14
1
6
3
20
16
Totals
1742
1753
3495
1748
1742
3490
7
23
Movements of Asylum Population.
Admissions.
A reference to Table No. 1 oh pages 2 and 3 of this Report will shew the
movements of the entire asylum population of the Province for the year ending
50th September, 1889.
The total number of admissions to the lunatic asylums during the year was
514, and the entire number of lunatics under treatment during the year was
3,624.
The nationalities, religious denominations and social state of the patients
-admitted during the year, together with the total admissions since 1841, are set
forth in the folio win of table :
Social State.
Married . . .
Unmarried
Admissions
of year.
251
308
Total
Admissions.
7041
73/4
27
559
1441;
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
Nationalities.
Canadian
Admissions
of year.
SCO
67
57
23
21
31
Total
Admissiona
6513
English
1993
Irish
3259
Scotch
1431
United States
Other countries and unknown
440
779
Religious Denominations.
Church of England
Presbyterian
559
104
105
104
153
93
14415
3475
3124
2995
2792
Other denominations and unknown
2029
559
14415
DiSCHARGtS.
Full details in respect of those discharged from the asylums during the
year may be found in Table No. 1 on pages 2 and 3. These are summarized,
in the following tabular staienient. By tliis it will be seen that 35.40 per cent,
were discharged as cured, as compared with the previous year this percentage is
very large, the rate having been only 24.02 in 1888.
Asylums.
No. of Cures.
No. of
Admissions.
Percentage of
Cures to Admis-
sions.
Toronto
London
Kingston
53
32
38
59
124
81
107
202
42.74
39.50
35.. 51
Hamilton
29.20
Totals
182
514
35.40
PROBATION AL DISCHARGES.
The number of persons to whom probational discharges were granted during
the past year is, I am happy to sa}^ largely in excess of the previous year. Only
4.9 of the 228 so discharged were returned to the asylums, 3 died before the
expiration of the leave, 2 rera-iined at home unimproved, 24 in an improved
condition, and 118 were finally written off the books as recovered. The following
statement shews the figures in tabular form :
28
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
Males.
Females.
130
Total.
228
1
Males.
Females.
Total.
Number to whom probational leave was granted
98
Discharged, cured
51
9
2
2
67
15
118
24
" unimproved
2
1
3
Transferred to another Asylum
Returned to Asvlum
17
17
98
32
15
49
Out on probation 30th September, 1889
32
Totals
130
228
Deaths in Asylums.
The number of deaths in the asylums durin,:^ the 12 months ending 30th
September, 1889, was 174. The percentage of deaths to the whole a.S3'lum popula-
tion being 4.32, a slight decrease as compared with the preceding year. The
assigned causes of death in each case will be found detailed in Table 11, page 14
Asylum.
No. of Deaths.
Total
Population.
Percentage of
Deaths to Total
Population.
36
39
34
49
16
822
994
775
1034
330
4 37
3 92
Kingston
Hamilton
4.38
4 74
Orillia (Idiot)
4.85
Totals
174
3955
4.32
Assigned Causes of Insanity.
With 380 out of 514 cases classed as "unknown," a table of assigned causes
of insanity cannot be considered as of much value, in a statistical sense, except
as shewing how little interest is taken in the subject by those who are charged
with the duty" of acquiring the information. I give the table for what it is
worth, its chief use, however, consists in .shewing how much there is that we
don't know.
29
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (Nu. 10).
A. 1890
ASSIGNED CAUSES.
Number of instances in which each cause was assigned.
MOIiAL.
Domestic troubles, including loss of
relatives or friends
Religious excitement.
Adverse circumstances, including busi-
ness troubles
Love affairs, including seduction
Mental anxiety, " worry " ,. . .
Fright and nervous shocks
As Predisposing Cause.
Male.
Female.
Total.
PHTSIOAIi.
Intemi)erance in drink
Intemperance, sexual
Venereal disease
Self -abuse, sexual
Over-work
Sunstroke
Accident or injury
Pregnancy
Puerperal
Lactation
Puberty and change of life
Uterine disorders
Brain disease, with general paralysis. .
Brain disease, with epilepsy
Other forms of brain disease
Other bodily diseases or disorders, in-
cluding old age
Fevers
Hereditary.
With other ascertained cause in com-
bination
With other combined cause not ascer-
tained
Congenital.
21
26
29
41
.50
67
With other ascertained cause in com-
bination
With other combined cause not ascer-
tained
Unknown
Tot.al
212
1(58
As Exciting Cause.
Male.
12
6
269
245
380
514
18
4
16
4
13
1
1
23
7
13
4
14
5
Female.
27
13
4
5
11
4
1
1
1
4
8
3
3
5
6
2
10
10
2
1 I 1
117 \ 187
269
245
Total.
39
19
22
9
27
g
14
2
2
27
15
3
»
5
2
10
8
6
18
6
24
7
224
514
Increase of Lunatic Asylum Population.
The number of admissions during the year 1889, has been only limited by
the amount of accommodation afforded by the Province. There were at the close
of the official year, September 30th, 159 apijlications on fyle in excess of the
accommolation afforded by the lunatic asylums. The number of admissions
would have been quite as great, no doubt, in 1889 as in 1888, if there harl been
beds in existence for them.
30
53 V'ictoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
The tbllowing- table shews the adiuissions, discharge.^, etc., for each year t^ince
1877, inclusive :
YEAR.
1877.
1878.
1879.
1880.
1881.
1882.
1883.
1884.
1885.
1886.
1887.
1888.
1889.
Lunatics
Admitted.
Discharged,
Died and
Escaped.
Keuiained.
Percentage.
437
331
106
24.25
479
335
144
30.06.
4(il
321
140
.30.36.
607
353
154
30.37"
502
386
116
23. 10.
493
401
92
is.oe
519
433
86
16.57
493
416
77
15.61
4.57
423
34
7.44
519
355
164
31.60-
425
395
30
7.06
5(56
386
180
31.80
514
441
73
14.20
Employment of Patients.
The statistics relating to this very important branch of asylum treatment
shew very little change as compared with the preceding year except in the case
of the Hamilton Asylum, where a very remarkable falling off has taken place as
will be seen by the table below.
ASYLUM.
Actual
population.
Toronto . . . .
London . . . .
Kingston . . .
Hamilton . . .
Totals
822
994
775
1034
3625
Number of i Collective Number of
patients who stay, in days, j days' work
worked. \ of ])atients. done.
454
836
656
605
2551
258406
334497
218690
315123
1156722
132814
258585
175497
180619
Percentage of
days worked
to collective
stay.
747515
51.39
77.30
70.56
57.32-
64.62
31
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No, 10).
A. 1890
The following table shews the percentage of days worked to the collective
stay in the A'sylums in each year since 1882 : —
ASYLUM.
Toronto ,
London . .
Kingston.
Hamilton
1882.
1883.
1884.
1885.
1886.
1887.
1888.
32.15
30.44
53.90
38.40
41.10
56.37
52.09
54.00
69.89
86.56
79.58
77.84
77.84
77.54
45.11
50.33
76.59
61.13
68.26
68.26
69.71
37.61
62.38
56.40
48.82
62.32
J61.49
73.95
1889.
51.39
77.30
70.56
57.32
In view of this great reduction in the percentage of work done at the Hamil-
ton Asylum, and believing as I do in the importance of employment and amusement
for patients as remedial measures, it will be interesting to see how this questijon
of employment works out in this connection, taking the last year of the history
of the Hamilton Asylum, and comparing wath the other asylums where this
feature is a specialty, we have this result :
Hamilton London Kingston
1889. Asylum. Asylum. Asylum.
Actual population 1,034 994 775
Number of patients who worked 605 836 650
Collective stay in days of patients 315,123 334,407 248,696
Number of days worked 180,619 258,585 175,497
Percentage of days worked 57.32 77.30 70.56
Percentage of cures to admissions .... 29.20 39.50 35.51
. Death rate 4.74 3.92 4.38
So far, therefore, as one year's statistics afford a basis of comparison, the
result maintains the theory of the importance of labor for the patients. With
the low rate of work done in the Hamilton Asylum follows the lowest percentage
of cures and the highest death rate.
There is a large proportion of the population of the Toronto Asylum not of
the workino- class, and who do not work, and the statistics of the institution are
based upon the whole number of inmates. This asylum, therefore, cannot fairly
be brought into the comparison.
Asylum Extension.
The new Asylum buildings at Mimico have been, so far, completed, as that
two of the cottages with a capacity for one hundred patients, Hfty each, are at
the present writing (January, 1890), occupied by that number of patients, is
anticipated that in early spring two or more additional cottages will be ready for
an eqtial or greater number of patients.
One hundred patients have been transferred from the Asylums at Toronto,
London and Kingston to Mimico, the greatest number, however, from the Toronto
Asvlum. The vaccancies created in these .Asylums have been utilized for the
emptying of the gaols of lunatics awaiting transfer, and at this time there is not
a lunatic in any gaol in the Province a fit subject for Asylum treatment who.se
transfer is over due.
32
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 10). A. 1890;
Genehal Remarks.
Toronto Asylum. — The details of the operations of this Asylum will be
found in the general tables in the early pages of this Report and in the Repovt
of the Medical Superintendent in the appendix.
Owing to the sale of a considerable portion of the land attached to this-
Asylum on Queen St. and elsewhere, the farming and gardening operations of the
institution have for the past year been very much curtailed, compensation will
be found for this, however, next year in the larger quantity of land which is-
attached to the Mimico 7\sylum, when there will be abundance of labour available^
from the one hundred patients now resident there.
The medical superintendent in his report calls attention to certain structural"
changes which are required in the Asylum at Toronto, the want of which a recent
unfortunate event has emphasized.
That part of the Asylum to which the superintendent refers was built many-
years ago, when methods of treatment were very different to chose which prevail
now, and when as we of to-day think structural requirements were not so well
understood.
In this connection it is a matter of congratulation that the cages (so called),,
which lor so many years disfigured the exterior of this Asylum have been in part
removed, and that the rest of them will go shortely. They, like many other
things, had their uses, but they have had their day, they are no longer considered-
necessary parts of our Asylum structure.
The transfer recently of a number of male patients to Mimico from the*^
Asylum consignment upon the completion of two of the cottages relieved th&
congested condition of the institution for the present, and rendered it possible to-
transfer all the patients in the gaols of the Toronto district for whom warrants^
had been issued.
The rather gloomy view taken by the superintendent of the progress of th&-
works at Mimico does not appear to have been justified, as the patients which he-
he did not expect to remove until spring were removed shortly after New" Years.-
London Asylunn. — In the reconstruction of the rear part of the London-:
Asylum buildings after the late tire advantage was taken of the opportunity ta
secure at a comparatively small additional cost a fine large amusement hall and
two large workrooms, the old amusement hall was in the fourth story of the
main building, with only one exit and one stairway for escape should an aecident
occur. The new hall while being very much larger is clear of the main building,,,
has five distinct exits and is on the first floor, in case of fire, here we need na
longer fe?a" a holocaust. The hall has ample stage and dressing-room accomoda-
tion with all requisites in the way of scenery, etc. This Asylum is now, probably..
one of the best equipped institutions in these respects on the continent.
The old amusement hall has been converted into an informary of two wards-
of twenty beds each, with an additional stairway for safety, and convenience of
access to the kitchen. By these changes the capacity of the London Asylunm
has been increased by forty beds.
The infirmary has been thoroughly equipped for use. A staff of nurses liafe;
been organized under an efficient head, and it is hoped that the sad spectaicle will
no longer be seen in this Asylum of the sick and the dying lying on their laeds
wdth all the sights and sounds of the common wards about them, and only
receiving that share of attention which an ordinary attendent can give them ia
3 (A.) 33
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 10). A. 1890
the discbarge of his or her multifarious duties. The infirm and the sick can now
be collected together and receive that skilled care and atcention which their cases
demand, and which it was impossible to provide for them heretofore.
Another most important advance made at this Asylum during the past
year has been the completion of the new drainage system. For some years the
sewage from this Asylum, owing to the unfavorable site of the building in this
respect, has been imperfectly drained away, had become a nusance to a very con-
siderable portion of the neighborhood, and the source of many complaints, and
threatened actions at law. An appropriation was made by the Government in
1888, and a plan which I had observed in successful operation at the Asylums at
Norristown, Pensylvania, and Worcester, Massachusetts, adopted, and Col.
George E. Waring, the eminent sanitary engineer of Newport, Rhode Island, was
employed to canstruct the works, a part of two seasons was occupied by the work
which was finally completed in July last and formally opened. Mr. Farguar.
Col. Waring's partner, superintended the work and was on the spot during the
whole time of construction. There is every reason to believe that we have now
a thoroughly efficient sewage system, and one which will be extensively copied
in the future, and for the introduction of which with this Province the people
will have every reason to thank the Government.
By this system all the solid matter of the sewage remains on the land, the
only portion of the sewage which escapes into the stream is a comparatively
small quantity of clear water.
The introduction of this system of sewage cannot be regarded as an experi-
ment. It has been in use for many years in the United States, under varying
climatic conditions, and neither the severe cold of Massachusetts nor the heat of
Southern California seems to impair its efficiency.
A brief description of this system may be of interest here.
A large brick underground tank 70 feet wide with the top 15 feet below the
surface of the ground, is constructed outside the Asylum buildings, into which
all the drainage of the various buildings is conveyed have vitrified pipes,
and the pipes, by an automatic flushing arrangement, are thoroughly flashed
«very day, and the tank is of sufficient depth to secure an ample fall from any
building on the premises.
All the sewage is conducted into this tank through a small chamber at one
•end into which the sewage falls, and then passes into the main tank through an iron
screen. In its course from the buildings to the tank, and the fall which occurs
as it enters the tank, the solid matter is sufficiently broken up to admit of its
passing through this screen into the main tank along with the fluid matter.
From the main tank it passes through a pipe to the pump, and so to the
distributing field about a quarter of a mile distant.
The pump is a rotary one, and runs at the rate of about 250 revolutions per
minute. This great velocity so churns up the sewage that when it reaches the
field no. solid matter of any kind is visible, the whole appears like so much dirty
water, and by this pump the tank is completely emptied every day.
At the field, the sewage is received from the pump into a shallow well from
which it overflows into a tile-bottomed open drain, which runs along the end of
the piece of land which has been devoted to the reception of the sewage. From
this drain, and at right angles to it are open channels a few inches deep, and
perfectly level from end to end, into which the sewage gently flows, and gradu-
ally sinks into the ground.
34
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 10). A. 1890
This piece of land is thoroughly under-drained with tiles. The fluid matter
of the sewage finds its way into the tiles, and is carried oflT in the form of bright,
clear water. The solid matter remains in the soil, is deodorized, and becomes
quite inocuous. This plot of land is so arranged that by a series of " cut-ofJs "
only a portion of it is used for each day, so that each portion of the land only
receives the sewage every fourth day.
The pumping of the sewage is rendered necessary by the peculiar situation
of the Asylum buildings. If the Asylum were placed upon ground sufficiently
high so that advantage could be taken of gravitation, no pumping would be
necessary, and that expense would be saved. But, even as it is, it may be a
question, whether the thorough churning up which the sewage receives in passing-
through the pump, is not an advantage worth the cost of the pumping.
The officers of the Provincia? Board of Health have been kept thoroughly-
informed of the progress of this work, and were present at the opening of the
works in July. In the report of that Board for this year will be found a very
emphatic approval of their utility.
Kingston Asyluvi. — Last year I asked for an appropriation for a new cow
stable for this institution but did not get it, I am sorry to say. This is a crying-
want at this Asylum. The present stables are of the worst possible desception^
erected many years ago for a temporary purpose, far away from the Asylum, and
much too small, it is impossible to supply the patients with anything like the
necessary quanity uf milk until proper stables are provided. I hope another
year will not be allowed to pass without this great want being met.
Every succeeding visit to this Asylum affords me evidence of the onward
and upward tendency in the direction of the amelioration of the condition of it&
unfortunate inmates. Here occupation and recreation are most important
factors in the treatment of patients, to these ends every officer and employe,,
who has anything to contribute in these directions (and there are only a few who-
cannot do something) have there resources drawn upon, there are not many
drones in the hive, consequently, brightness and cheeriness prevail throughout
the institution in a very marked degree.
A band which was started about a year ago, and which is composed chiefly
of patiets has now achieved a degree of proficiency which entitles it to rank
fairly well with ordinary non-professional bands composed of sane people. It is
the intention that ere long this band will be entirely a patients band. A minstrel
and dramatic troupe composed of employes exists which need not be ashamed of
comparison with any similar body outside the professional ranks, socials, at
homes, dances, etc., at all of which large numbers of patients crowd the hall
several nights in each week, a'^d in these latter the patients are participants, not
spectators and hearers only. In fact, this institution is practically independent of
outside assistance in providing amusements for its patients, and it follows, o-f
course, that kind of entertainment which patients can best understand and enjoy
are provided.
In every ward of an Asylum there are some patients who from various cause*
are unable or unwilling to go out with the working parties, or employ themselves-
in any of the many ways in which patients are induced to fill in the weary days
of their confinement, and whose only change during the day is a dreary march
around the grounds in fine weather, and nothing at all when the weather is toO'
cold or inclement. These patients gradually fall into a condition of extreme
inertia from which, hereto, it has been almost impossible to arouse them.
35
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 10). A. 1890
The medical superintendent has now adopted a plan which promises to be
attended with excellent results. Those remaining in the wards during the day
are organized into regular drill classes, one in each ward, and systematically
instructed in military drill by competent persons. The result even in the short
time the plan has been on trial is a very marked improvement in the physique
of the patients so treated, and the superintendent is very sanguine as to the
results in the future. Dr. Clarke was good enough to say that he had adopted
this plan upon a suggestion of my own, if so, I feel sure that I shall not have
reason to regret the experiment.
Hamilton Asylum. — When this Asylum was erected it was intended for an
Inebiiate Asylum, and its capacity was for only 200 patients, and all the out-
buildings were erected with a view to an Asylum of this extent only. It has
now become a Lunatic Asylum with a capacity for 900 patienta, and the quantity
of farming land attached to it has been more than doubled, and yet, the outbuild-
ings remain the same ; consequently, the accommodation for horses, cattle, crops,
■etc., is utterly inadequate to meet the requirements of the Institution, moreover,
from the extension of the Asylum proper, and the erection of new Asylum build-
ings, the outbuillings are brought so close to the Asylum that in the summer the
■sanitary conditions are such as to be a menace to the health of the Institution. It
is of the highest importance, therefore, that new buildings should be erected farther
away from the Asylum, and the old ones completely obliterated. A barn for the
«rops, a horse stable, a cow stable, and a root-house are very much needed, which
will cost not less than $6,000. The same remarks apply to the coal-sheds. The
quantity of coal now required for the annual supply of the Institution is so large
that only a fraction of it can be housed. The larger quantity'- of coal required
for the Institution has to be piled in the open air, exposed to rain and snow, and
'taken into the sheds from time to time, as fuel is required during the winter.
The estimated cost of the coal-shed is $3,000. There is no change of irapor-
^tanee to notice in the workings of this Institution during the past year. The
-^work has been going on (piietly and smoothly.
Orillia Asylum. — The work of constructing the main part of the new
Asylum buildings at Orillia, was begun last summer, and very satisfactory pro-
gress was made by the time the works were closed down for the winter.
The contractor is very busy in getting in his plans of materials for the next
reason's work, and it is anticipated that by the close of next season the building-
will be finished, and before the end of 1890, it is hoped that the whole of the
Institution will be ready for occupation.
The school for feeble-minded children in connection with this Institution is
making very satisfactory progress.
In the Medical Superintendents' Report is incorporated the report of Miss
Ohristie, the head teacher, which details the progress of the work in its present
-condition.
In the Medical Superintendent's report will be found a detailed account of
the. doings of this Institution during the year.
36
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
Asylum Expenditure.
There has been an increase in the Asylum expenditure during the past
oflScial year of $32,231.32, caused in part, by the increase in Asylum population
and in part by a difference in the cost of some of the supplies, notably in that of
item of flour. The contract price of which averages $1.35 in excess of the price
paid in 1888. Butter and several other articles also ruled higher.
The most notable increase occurred in the Toronto Asylum, where the cost
of maintenance per patient rose from $138.29 in 1888, to $151.99 in 1889, this is
partly explained by the fact that owing to a late delivery of part of the coal
supply of 1888, payment was made at so late a date that the amount, $4,000,
appeared in the expenditure of 1889, thus reducing the apparent expenditure of
the former year and increasing that of the latter. Also, some rather extensive
expenditure's were required on out-buildings, for which there was no appro-
priation on capital account and it became necessary to charge the amount to
maintenance.
In the London and Kingston A.sylums the variation was not more than normal,
but at the Hamilton Asylum, while the gross expenditure was largely increased
in consequence of a large increase in the population, there was a very remarkable
decrease in the cost per capita, the reduction appears to be no less than from
$158.37 in 1888, to $138.22 in 1889.
Full details of the expenditure at the different Asylums under the several
heads with total cost, and cost per capita may be found in Table 14, on page 19
of this report.
The following statement shews the total expenditure at each Asylum for
1888 and 1889, with the increase in each case in the latter year :
ASYLUM.
Expended.
1888.
Expended
1889.
Increase.
Decrease.
Toronto
$ c.
97221 97
122692 66
90287 55
108483 54
40687 77
$ c.
107462 30 ■
128398 66
90552 62
119283 00
44908 13
$ c.
10240 33
5706 10
265 07
10799 46
4220 36
$ c.
London
Kingston .....
Hamilton
Onllia
Totals . ...
459373 39
490604 71
31231 32
37
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890'
The cost per week per patient for the two years 1888 and 1889, with the
average daily population is shewn in the following table :
ASYLUM.
Toronto . .
London . . .
Kingston .
Hamilton .
Orillia ...
Total .
Year ending 30th Sept.,
1888.
,
Ig
+^ a
-u fi
s °
CO <D
CO OJ
S-5
> e8
o-r;
0-3
1
-a^
^fL|
>>?:■
p fc,
^ fc.
•SPh
a P.
^^"
ft
<
S c.
$ C.
703
138 29
2 66
912
134 53
2 59
(585
131 89
2 53
685
158 37
3 04
256
3241
158 93
3 05
144 38
2 77
Year ending 30th Sept.>
1889.
707
916
681
863
299
-^f^
3466
$ c.
151 99
140 02
132 97
138 22
150 20
^ ft
$ c.
2 92
2 69
2 56
2 66
2 89
142 68
2 74
Revenue From Paying Patients.
The following statement shews the amount of revenue derived from paying
patients for the year 1889 :
No. of patients. Revenue.
Toronto Asylum 371 $37337 02
London " 122 17166 58
Kingston " 56 3944 20
Hamilton " ..'. 136 6797 23
Orillia " 23 1425 61
Totals 708 $66670 64
38
53 Victoria,
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
Comparative Statement of Revenue.
The following statement shews the revenue received from the Asylums for
each year since 1871, together with the number of paying patients in the Asylums
from year to year :
No. of
Patisnts,
Revenue.
Increase.
Decrease.
For the year ending September 30. 1871 1
118
139
171
182
231
256
323
334
343
387
414
475
538
496
509
516
514
1 538
708
$ c.
14045 30
19255 80
16660 61
20035 77
21875 92
21175 93
28093 58
30103 75
32898 26
37653 81
41066 54
43937 64
59922 59
48135 18
49620 93
53030 05
48742 53
59638 16
66670 64
$ c.
$ c.
1872
5219 .50
1873
2595 19
1874
1875
1876
♦ 3375 15
1840 15
699 99
1877
6917 65
2010 17
2794 51
4755 55
3412 73
2871 10
15984 95
1878
, 1879
1880
1881
.. 1882
1883
1884
„ 1885
11787 41
1485 75
4309 12
„ 1886
„ 1887
5187 52
1888
1889
10895 63
7032 48
i
39
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 19).
A. 1890
HOMEWOOD RETllEAT.
Annual statistical report of the operations of the Homewood Retreat, Guelph, for
the year ending 30th September, 1889.
INSANE.
1
Males.
1
8
Females
7
Total.
15
Males.
Pemales
Total.
1
Remaining October 1st, 1888
Admitted during year :
8
6
14
16
13
29
16
13
29
Discharges dnring year :
4
2
2
2
6
4
J)ig(J
1
1
1
7
9
4
9
11
Remaining in Asylum 30th September, 1889
18
58
44
102
41
8
33
1
74
1 2 10
49
35
84
" remaining 30th September, 1889
9
9
18
40
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No, 10).
A. 188Q
INEBRIATE BRANCH.
Males.
6
24
Females
1
Total.
6
2.5
Males.
Females
1
1
Total.
Remaining October 1st, 1888
30
22
8
31
Discharges during year
Eloped
21
1
1
22
1
23
8
Remaining in Asylum 30th September, 1889
Total number admitted since opening of Asylum ....
112
104
17
17
129
" discharged
" died . . . .
" eloped .
101
1
2
17
118
1
2
121
' remaining 30th September, 1889
8
8
4 (A)
41
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 10;. A. 1890
APPENDIX TO THE^TWENTY-SECOND ANNUAL REPORT
UPON THE
ASYLUMS FOR THE INSANE AND IDIOTIC,
CO-NTAINI^G
THE ANNUAL REPORTS OF THE SUPERINTENDENTS OF THE ASYLUMS
IN TORONTO, LONDON, KINGSTON, HAMILTON AND ORILLIA.
1(A.)
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 10). A. 1890
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MEDICAL SUPERINTENDENT OF THE ASYLUM
FOR THE INSANE, TORONTO.
Toronto, October ist, 1889.
To the Inspector of Prisons and Piddle Charities, Ontario :
Sir, — I have the honour to present the Forty-ninth Annual Report of the operations
of this Asylum, ending the 30th day of September, 1889.
One hundred and twenty-four patients were admitted during the year. Of that
number, forty-six were received under warrant and seventy-eight under ordinary process.
The total number under treatment and in custody during the year was 821.
The deaths were thirty-six, or a percentage on the whole number of 4. .38. This has
been about the average death-rate for several years past and somewhat below that of last
year.
Our recoveries for the year were fifty-three. This made a percentage of 42.74 of the
admissions as against 35.62 per cent, last year. This proportion is above our average
taking a number of years together. It is, however, very satisfactory.
At the close of this year 708 were in residence as against 697 at the same time last
year. From eight to ten patients reside at the Mimico Branch permanently, so the
number domiciled in this Asylum is about the same as last year.' We expected to have
been able to transfer at least one hundred patients before this time to our new cottao'es at
Mimico, but it is evident no such movement can take place immediately.
The death of Hector McDonald caused by the assault made upon him by another
patient of the name of Barker Potter was investigated by a coroner's jury. The verdict
was, that no blame could be attached to anyone ; at the same time it is necessary for me
to again point out the danger of not being able to provide single bed-rooms for such
patients as are afflicted with delusions of homicidal tendency. The crowded state of tho
Asylum prevents this, as the larger number of the single bed-rooms in the main buildino^
are of necessity occupied at night by two patients in each. To show my yearly anxiety
on this matter it is only necessary to quote from my reports of several years past. In my
report for 1884, is the following extract : — "It is fair to ourselves to say that at this
time the Asylum is overcrowded. On this account it i.^ necessary to turn single rooms
into associated dormitories. Our refractory wards are badly constructed for this class of
patients they contain : they have ten associated dormitories, containing from six to sixteen
beds in each, that is to say, our worst and most dangerous patients must sleep together
in such numbers and proportion. Each ward contains sixty-two beds and has only nine
single rooms in it. To state these facts is all that is needed to show that the wonder ia
sad events have not been more common, and not that they occur under the strictest
supervision. With this supposition constantly among the possibilities, the anxieties of a
responsible head are not to be envied."
In the report of 1885, is the following statement, viz. : — " Last year attention was
directed to the necessity of re-constructing our refractory wards. It was shown that
single rooms contained two beds, and that dangerous patients had of necessity to .sleep
together. These wards have each five associated dormitories, containing from six to
sixteen beds each, that is to say, our worst and most dangerous patients must sleep together
in that proportion. These refractory wards contain sixty-two beds each and only eighteen
single rooms for the use of the worst of 124 violent and filthy patients. Some day a
homicide will take place in spite of the strictest supervision, unless some structural changes
are made and more single bed-rooms are provided. My anxiety on this account is great
as this is si matter of vital importance to us."
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 10). A. 1890
In my report of 1886, is tlie following warning on this head, viz. : — " In justice to
myself the unsatisfactory condition of our overcrowded refractory wards is again stated
so as to show the urgency of something being done to put them in such a condition as
will not jeopardize the health and lives of this class. It was shown in my report of 1885,
that it was found necessary to put dangerous patients together in large dormitories and
that even rooms intended for one patient c^ach had two possessing unsafe propensities in
each. I fear that at some time trouble will occur at night under existing circum-
stances, unless some structural changes are made and more single rooms are provided.
At any rate my duty has been done in showing the danger of the existing state of things
in my annual reports for several years past, and the responsibility for untoward results
flowing from this condition cannot any longer lie on my shoulders."
In my report of 1887, is the following remark on this point: — " It is again my duty to
emphasize what has been written as to the unsatisfactory state of our worst wards. The
necessity of putting into large dormitories, to sleep together, our most dangerous patients,
is fraught with danger to life and limb. In the nature of things immunity cannot always
■continue."
Unfortunately, what was easily foreseen came to pass. So far no remedy has been
proposed, and a repetition of the past is in the nature of things very likely to occur. A
remedy might be applied in one or more of the following schemes : —
1st. The reduction of our insane population to the former number of 660. This would
enable us to occupy all our single rooms with only one patient in each. This w^ould be at
least a partial relief from the congestion existing.
2nd. Single rooms might be added in the construction of a wing to each of two of
our cottages now existing in our grounds and these could be turned into cottages for the
dangerous and disturbed classes, capable of holding about fifty patients each. Plain and
substantial brick additions need not cost more than $12,000 for each. All the sitting-
rooms, closets, kitchens, nur.ses' rooms and treating appliances necessary are now in
operation in the existing buildings. This would be money well spent.
3rd. To remove to one or more of the other Provincial Asylums our refractory
patients as they accumulate, where special structures for this class have been erected.
4th. The erection of cottages at Mimico for the refractory and noisy patients with
single bed-rooms for all the patients, as should always be the case in providing sleeping
accommodation for this class.
It is presumed the last proposition is now the most feasible, seeing cottages are
being erected in that locality for quiet chronics.
New Cottages.
From present appearances it is not probable that the cottages at Mimico can be
occupied to any extent before spring. Good progress has been made, but drainage, heating
and water sui)ply are among the essentials not yet supplied.
Admissions.
One of the anomalies of our system for admission is that there is no uniformity in
the procedure necessary to admit a patient by warrant or under ordinary process. A
patient, howerever harmless, who may be arrested because of insanity, cannot be legally
declared insane until such a person has been examined by the county judge, the gaol
surgeon, and one other legally qualified medical practitioner. This step may mean a
delay of a week or ten days. The next necessity is that all papers in connection with
the case must then be sent to the Provincial Secretary, and from his office to the medical
superintendent of the asylum to which the patient is to be sent. It is then required
that a warrant of transfer from a gaol to an sylum must be signed by the Lieutenant-
Governor. These additional requirements may cause, and usually do cause, at least ten
days of further delay. Because of this round-about way an insane person remains in
gaol after commitment about three weeks before all the formal steps of removal are
4
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 10). A. 1890-
complied with. It is true that occasionally some cases are admitted sooner if all the
parties to the transfer can be reached at once, but this is by no means always the case.
Often a month or six weeks are spent in procuring legal documents in warrant cases.
During all this time an acute and possibly curable case may be compelled to lie in gaol
at a most critical time of the disease, even although there may be a vacancy in any one
of the asylnms to receive such unfortunates. The medical officers are always anxious to
put such under medical treatment as soon as possible, but they are helpless to expedite
such a cumbrous machinery.
On the other hand, under the ordinary process, all that is required is simply the
filling up of two medical certificates by physicians to admit any patient. The whole legal
procedure is often gone through within a few hours of application to the great advantage
of friends and patients. The method should be equally as simple and expeditious in
warrant cases, The certificate of the gaol surgeon and that of another medical practi-
tioner should be sufficient in the other class of cases. None of those are criminals, but
they are treated as such in the whole process of examination and committal. In the
same way a complicated method is required to discharge. Nothing less can do so than a
warrant signed by the Lieutenant-Governor and based upon the recommendation of the
medical superintendent of an asylum. In contradistinction is this complexity under
ordinary process, a patient can be discharged at once by a superintendent without any
formality whatever. All committals and discharges of the insane, pure and simple,
should be done by uniform processes. This would insure promptitude in investigation as
to insanity and in the transfer to asylums of those declared insane. Not only so, but it
would also relieve the congestion which takes place so often in the gaols because of the
slow movements of the law in respect to warrant cases. Blame is attached by the public
and juries to the Government, the inspectors and superintendents because of the time
required to remove insane persons from the gaols to the asylums, Avhen, as a matter of
fact the fault lies largely at the door of statutory impediments. Surely the law could be
very much modified in this respect, and for the better, without imperilling the liberty of
the subject.
Erections.
In addition to the connections, the new kitchen, and 1,600 feet of new wall built
last year out of the old material from the walls which were torn down, we have during
the current year erected new workshops for the engineer, carpenters and painter. The
three shops are contained in a two-story substantial brick building, one hundred feet in
length and thirty feet in width. We also erected out of this waste material a new coal
shed one hundred and forty feet in length and forty feet in width. A good deal of the
work was done by our own people, in addition to a few skilled labourers.
The six verandahs on the south side of each of the wings have been rebuilt by our
mechanics. The iron bars, so suggestive of cages, have been removed and window-sash
protected by screens, have been substituted. This reconstruction is a great improvement
both as to comfort and appearance. The verandahs attached to the main building will
undergo the same changes during next season, as all the sash and screens are ready to put up.
Hot water boilers were used last year instead of eight antiquated brick furnaces,
which had been in use over forty years. The boilers were a success, and added much to
the comfort of the wards which they supplied with heat. They are economical with
regard to fuel, and do not require the expensive and yearly overhauling the brick
furnaces did, which w^ere removed. Two additional boilers are nearly ready for use to
heat the central building in the same way. It is to be hoped that next year the wings
may be supplied in like manner. It is caleulated that the boilers will be paid for in
three years by the saving in fuel over the old system.
Sewer.
A city sewer is to be put down on King street from Dufierin street to the Garrison
Creek sewer. Seeing how imperfect the main sewer from the asylum is, it would save
trouble and expense were we to connect with the city sewer.
5B Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 10). A. 1890
Flower Mission.
The Toronto Flower Mission have paid 44 visits to the asylum during the year.
3,024 bouquets were distributed among the patients in the wards. Special thanks are
due to Miss M. Buchau in this direction. Several hundreds of the scriptural text cards
attached to the flowers have been written by two of the gentlemen patients. Many of
the bouquets were fondly watered and kept by patients long after their freshness had
disappeared. They seemed to be capable of stirring up memories of *' green fields and
babbling brooks," with all the pleasant retrospects of happier days.
Mimico Farm.
We have put all the available land on this farm under cultivation. A great deal of
it is in a natural state, which was used for pasturage. This portion will need a great
deal of labour to make it fit for crops. We broke up about 20 acres of this kind of land
and put in them a crop of potatoes, notwithstanding the season was wet and there was
no tile-draining. The coming season a good deal of this drainage will require to be done
in the flat land. The principal crops were hay, oats, potatoes, and Western corn. A
great deal of the old rail fencing was taken down and substantial wire fences were sub-
stituted. There was also done a good deal of open ditching, as main drains, to carry off
the flows from the surface of the various fields adjacent thereto. Ten patients and two
attendants occupied the old farm-house during the summer months, and were under the
direction of the farmer engaged in farm work. They are now domiciled in one of the
new cottages near the lake. We expect they will remain there during the ensuing
winter to look after the stored crops, buildings, implements, and horses.
Amusements.
Few asylums are so highly favoured as we are in respect to the number of amuse-
ments. In addition to our dances, picnics, sleigh rides, and such like, we had the follow-
tioned concerts, operas, stereopticon views, and literary entertainments. We can never
repay our friends for their kindness : —
List of Entertainments Provided by Friends, Season 1888-89.
1. Concert by band of Governor-General's Body Guard ; Band Master Sergeant
Williams.
2. " " Mrs. Wm. Revell and Friends.
3. Entertainment, Musical and Literary, by Miss Fleta M. Holman and Friends.
4. Concert by Choir of St. Mark's Church, Parkdale ; Mr. E. G. Doherty, Choir-
master.
5. " " University College Glee Club ; Mr. A. T. Thompson, Secretary.
6. " " Choir of Bond Street Congregational church ; Mr. J. G. Lawson,
Conductor.
7. " " Harmony Male Quartette and Friends.
8. Stereopticon views and mus'cil entertainment by Messrs. Whittmore and
Hewitt.
9. Concert by Knox College Glee Club ; Mr. A. G. Collins, Conductor.
10. " " The Claxton Orchestra and Friends ; Mr. Thos. Claxton, Conductor.
11. " " Madame Stuttaford and Pupils.
12. " " The Robert Burns Camp, No. 1, Sons of Scotland; Mr. Donald
Carmichael, Conductor.
13. " " Band of the Massey Manufacturing Company ; Mr. Treudel, Con-
ductor.
6
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 10). A. 1890
14. Concert by The Wandering Amateur Minstrels ; Mr. G. Boyd, Manager.
15. " " Choir of Jarvis St. Baptist Church ; Mr. A. S. Vogt, Conductor.
16. " " Scottish Select Choir; Mr. A. T. Cringan, Conductor.
17. " '' Mr. R. G. Stapells and Friends.
18. " " Choir of Holy Trinity Church; Mr. A. R. Blackburn, Conductor.
19. Stereopticon Views and Musical Entertainment by Mr, F. B. Whitmore and
Friends.
20. Opera of " Maritana " by the Lyric Amateur Opera Company.
21. Concert by Choir of Sherbourne Street Methodist Church ; Mr. Fred. Warring-
ton, Conductor.
22. Entertainment by the Melnotte Dramatic Club: "A Rough Diamond."
23. Concert by the Red Robin Amateur Minstrels ; Mr. I. E. Suckling, Manager.
24. " " Choir of Erskine Church , Mr. Arthur Hewitt, Conductor.
25. ■ " " " "• Old St. Andrew's Church ; Mr. Geo. W. Grant, Conductor.
26. " " " " Central Presbyterian Church ; Mr. A. T. Cringan, Leader.
27. Entertainment by Melnotte Dramatic Club : " Box and Cox."
28. Concert by the Choir of Berkeley Street Methodist Church ; Mrs. Bradley,
Leader.
29. Stereopticon Views and Musical Entertainment by Mr. Whitmore and Friends.
30. Concert by the Choir of the West Presbyterian Church ; Mr. Geo. Macbeth,
Secretary.
31. " " " " « Queen Street Methodist Church ; Mr. Jas. B. Baxter,
Conductor.
32. " " " " " St. Andrew's Church ; Mr. Edward Fisher, Conductor.
33. Lawn Concert by Band of Governor-General's Body Guard ; Mr. T. Williams,
Bandmaster.
There have been few changes during the year among those employed in asylum
work.
On the whole, duties have been cheerfully and faithfully performed. It would be
strange if we did not find occasionally among one hundred persons engaged in the service
a few unfit to succeed ; but it is matter for congratulation that these are so few. It has
been my aim to select out from among applicants those whose appearance and credentials
indicate persons who are healthy, industrious, kind, moral, honest, and intelligent.
Mistakes are made often, but that is the standard aimed at by me. It is in vain for a
chief officer to expect to succeed unless he is cordially supported by subordinates who
enter heartily into and take pleasure in the work. My experience has not been extensive
among the inefficient.
I have the honour to be. Sir,
Your obedient servant,
DANIEL CLARK,
Medical Superintendent.
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
ANNUAL STATISTICAL EEPOET
Of the operations of the Asylum for Insane, Toronto, for the year ending 30th
September, 1889.
• TABLE No. 1.
Shewing movements of patients in the Asylum for the^oflficial year ending
30th September, 1889.
Male.
Female .
Total.
Male.
■ -
Female .
Total
1
1
349
70
348
1
54
697
Admitted during year : —
By Lieutenant-Governor's Warrant
" Medical Certificate
32
38
1
14
40
46
78
124
419
56
402
57
821
Discharges during year : —
As recovered . . . . .
24
5
4
29
9
4
53
14
8
' ' improved
Total number of discharges during year
Died
Eloped
33
21
2
42
15
75
36
2
113
Remaining in Asylum, 30th September, 1889
363
1 3400
3037
345
708
1 3089
2744
6489
" discharged
" :Jied ...
1794
857
57
329
1675
711
11
347
3469
1568
68
676
" eloped . .
" transferred
1
5781
363
1
345
708
Number of applications on file 30th Sept., 1889
2
1
1
3
5
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 2.
Shewing the maximum and minimum number of patients resident in the Asylum,
the total number of days' stay of patients, and the daily average number of
patients in the Asylum, from the 1st October, 1888, to 30th September, 1889.
Male.
Female .
Total.
Maximum number of patients in residence (on the 20th of Aug., 1888)
Minimum " " " (on the 10th of Oct., 1889)
Collective days' stay of all patients in residence during year
3G3
347
130304
357.00
354
346
128102
350.96
717
693
258406
707.96
Admissions of Year.
Male. Female . Total.
TCTAL AdMISSIO>S.
SIKCE OpEXIXG.
Male.
Female .
Total.
Social State.
Married and widowed.
Single
Total
Religion.
Presbyterians
Episcopalians
Methodists
Baptists
Congregationalists
Roman Catholics
Mennonites, Quakers, Infidels and other denomina-
tions
Not reported
Total.
Nationalities.
34
36
22
17
14
3
2
8
English
Irish
Scotch
Canadian
United States . .
Other Countries
Unknown
Total...
70
11
4
7
45
2
1
70
29
25
54
63
61
1531
1869
1935
1154
3466
3023
124
11 I
9 I
22 I
1
33
26
36
4
4
14
54
124
3400
767
983
596
56
32
704
202
60
3089
704
872
569
57
46
618
188
35
6489
1471
1855
1165
113
78
1322
390
95
n
2
1
32
6
54
22
6
77
124
3400
585
941
423
1212
118
107
14
3400
3089
500
898
381
1095
121
84
10
3089
6489
1085
1839
804
2307
239
191
24
6489
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10),
A. 181)0
TABLE No. 3.
Shewing the Counties from which patients have been admitted up to 30th
September, 1889.
Admitted During Year.
Total Admissions.
COUNTIES.
Male.
Female .
Total.
Male.
Female .
Total.
Algoma District
1
1
8
44
19
17
67
4
29
17
99
81
25
1
73
67
56
21
25
49
57
24
93
5
47
10
'55"
■■■■2i"
12
07
66
23
"'"59"
59
49
20
21
39
48
16
80
6
69
6
1
17
215
126
13
Brant
91
Bruce
29
Central Prison
2
1
2
1
17
122
4
Carleton
Dufferin
Elgin
1
1
50
Essex
29
Frontenac
Grey
1
1
1
1
166
147
48
Haldimand.
Haliburton
1
Halton
132
Hastings
1
1
1
5
124
105
41
Huron
4
Kent
Lambton
46
Lanark
88
Leeds and Grenville
105
Lennox and Addington
40
Lincoln
1
1
173
Mercer Reformatory
0
Middlesex
74
6
1
15
237
134
32
112
43
72
13
26
4
115
59
51
44
42
129
219
1023
73
143
Muskoka District
12
Nipissing District
Norfolk ; ■
1
1
2
32
Northumberland and Durham
Oiitario
2
5
1
1
1
1
1
8
2"
1"
3
13
1
3
1
2
452
Oxford
37 RQ
Peel
99
40
60
17
25
7
117
56
39
45
43
132
197
1003
37
211
83
Peterborough
132
30
Prince Edward
51
11
Simcoe
2
1
4
1
i"'
3
1
4
1
232
Victoria
115
90
89
Welland
85
261
Wentworth
1
38
1
4
32
1
5
70
2
416
York
Not Classed ....
2026
110
Total admissions
70
54
124
3400
3089
6489
10
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 4.
Shewing the Counties from which warranted cases have been admitted up to
30th September, 1889.
Admitted During Year.
Total Admissions.
COUNTIES.
Male. .
Female .
Total.
Male.
Female.
Total.
AJgoma District
5
2
4
17
'I
1
2
i"
6
4
Brant
Bruce
4
17
12
3
Central Prison
2
2
Carleton
Uufferin
Elgin
Essex
1
22
38
5
4
18
3
5
2
8
10
11
13
2
12
9
1
■■■■i4'
i"
1
6
5
9"
4
3
Frontenac
34
47
6
Grey.
Haldimand
1
1
Halton
4
Hastings
32
3
Huron
Kent
. .V
6
Lambton
3
14
15
Lanark . .
Leeds and Grenville
Lennox and Addington . ...
11
22
Lincoln
Mercer Reformatory
4
Middlesex
Muskoka District
2
1
42
44
2
25
7
25
5
3
4
24
12
33
9
6
12
38
241
1
1
1
16
16
4
5
7"
2
i"
12
3
12
4
3
3
8
140
7
3
Norfolk
2
Northumberland and Durham
2
4
e"
2
10
58
60
g
Ontario
Oxford
Peel
30
7
32
7
3
5
36
15
Perth
1
1
2
Prescott and Russell
Prince Edward
Renfrew
Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry
2
2
45
13
9
15
46
Waterloo
Welland
Wellington
York
20
7
27
381
3
Not Classed
32
14
46
718
313
1031
11
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 5.
Shewing the length of Residence in the Asylum of those discharged during
the year ending 30th September, 1889.
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
•10
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
Initials.
E. A. K
N. McK
W. S
A. J. N . . . .
T.J. S
G. S
R. B
E. H
E. B
T. P. D ....
M. A. C...
A. H. M. C
F. O'H
W. McK...
R. R
M. D
M. R. S....
C. McC . . . .
A. M. C . . .
E. C
M. G
A. A. W . . .
J. E
F. G. B . . . .
P. B. M....
D. McM . . .
T. C
S. A. M....
W. J. S . . . .
E. H
E. M G....
A. B. S
I. L
R. J
M. M
D. S. B
A. F. E . . . .
S. A. M....
T. C. G . . . .
E. T
J. P
B. J. S . . . .
M. J. F....
M. E. K. ..
A. F
J. S
M. B
J. 'or
E. S
W. P. H. .
E. S. T....
A. G
i M. A. C...
Sex.
F..
F ..
M..
M..
M.,
M.,
M.,
F .
F .
M.
F .
M.
F .
M.
F .
F .
F.
F.
F.
F.
F .
F .
M.
M.
M.
M.
M.
F .
M.
F .
F.
F .
F.
F .
F.
M.
F.
F.
M.
F .
M.
M.
F .
F .
M.
M.
F .
M.
M.
M.
F .
F .
F .
When Admitted.
February 2nd
July 18th
September 14th
June
October
December
June
May
May
October
May
May
May
October
August
June
November
April
October
February
March
October
December
11th
10th
5th
14th
23rd
29th
21st
13th
21st,
14th
23rd
12th
31st
26th
22nd
1st
28th
23rd
3rd
2nd
29th
15th
15th
12th
2nd
January
March
November 26th
December 5th
January
August
January
December
9th
8th
10th
28th
6th
18th,
11th
24th
June
January
November 15th
August 30th
November 14th
September 5th
November 24th
15th
August
January
December
May
February
December
6th
19th
1st
12th
16th
31st,
22nd
22nd
29th
1886.
1888 . .
1888...
1888...
1884...
1882 ..
1885...
1888...
1886...
1888...
1888...
1888. .
>e88 . . .
1888...
1888...
1888...
1888...
1SS8 . . .
1881...
1888...
1888. . .
1887 . . .
1888 . . .
1888 ..
1888 .,
1889..,
1888...
1888 ..
1888...
1889 . . .
1888...
1889..,
1888..,
1888...
When Discharged.
1888....
1889....
1888....
1888 ...
1888 ...
1838....
1888 . . . .
1888....
1888....
1889....
1888....
1884 ...
1889 . . . ,
1888 . . . .
1888 ...
1888....
October 1st, 1888.
1st, " .
5th, " .
8th, " .
24th, " .
November 2nd, " .
8th, "
" 22nd, " .
27th, " .
29th, " .
December 3rd, " .
4th, " .
6th, " .
7th, " .
19th, " .
21st, " .
21st, " .
27th, " .
" 28th, " .
28th, " .
28th, " .
31st, " .
January 8th, 1889.
8th, " .
" 9th, " .
9th, " .
18th, " .
22nd, " .
25th, "
February 13th, " .
March 9th, " .
April
May
June
July
19th,
1st,
4th,
8th,
11th,
13th,
29th,
3rd,
3rd,
7th,
7th,
10th,
20th,
30th,
30th,
3rd,
4th,
10th,
17th,
23rd,
29th,
4th,
Remarks.
Unimproved .
Recovered.
Improved.
Recovered.
Unimproved .
Recovered.
Improved.
Recovered.
Improved.
Recovered.
Unimproved .
Im.proved.
Recovered.
Improved.
Recovered.
Improved.
Recovered.
Unimproved.
Recovered.
12
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. b.— Continued.
.Shewing the length of Residence in the Asylum of those discharged during
the year ending 30th September, 1889.
No.
Initials.
Sex.
1
1
When Admitted. 1 When Discharged.
Remarks.
.54
55
F. W. R
J. C
M
M
F
M
F
F
F
F
M
M
M
F
F
F
M
M
F
F
F... .
F
M
M
November 22nd,
June 13th,
June 13th,
May 14th,
August 22nd,
March 16th,
June 12th,
June 5th,
Januai-y 13th,
September 28th,
May 18th,
October 29th,
August 31st,
July 11th,
September 5th,
August 13th,
June 16th,
December 7th,
June 11th,
July 30th,
August 30th,
May 16th,
1887 July
1889 "
1889
1889 AuRu
1888
1889
1875
1888
1889... . j
1888 1 Septe
1888
1887
1888
1888
1888
1889
1876
1888
1889
1889
1889 '
1888
22nd, 1889
29th, "
31st, "
st 1st, "
3rd, "
20th, "
22nd, "
27th, " . .
29th, "
mber2nd, "
5th, "
1.3th, "
14th, "
19th, "
20th, "
20th, "
21st, "
23rd, "
24th, "
26th, "
26th, "
29th, "
Recovered.
56
H. A
Improved.
■57
R. L
Recovered.
58
I. E. B
59
E. Q
Improved.
^0
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
M. C
L. S. E
P. B. M
W. C
J. B. M
K. H. M
A. C. McF
E. A. S
s. s
Unimproved.
Improved.
Recovered.
Improved.
Recovered.
Improved.
Recovered.
69
70
71
72
78
A. H. A
M. J. N
F. O'H
M. J. E
J. B
Unimproved .
Recovered.
74
75
W. B. T
J. A. H
Improved.
13
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 6.
Shewing age, length of residence, and proximate cause of death of those wha
died during the year ending 30th September, 1889.
No.
Initials.
1
2
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31 I M. T.
32
33
34
M. H . . . .
R. R
A. J. G .
35 M. A. ...
36 M. E. V.
Sex.
I
D. S
F. L
W. P
E. H
H. T....
C. S
J. D
A. Z
J. T I
F. McL . .
W. D
B. D
L. M
G. G
L. G
R. M
C. R
C. G
B. W. W.
W. J. W .
M. H
H. McD..
L. A. M..
CM
J. W
A. Y ....
M. G
M. R
M. G
E. P. W.
M....
M....
M....
F ....
M....
F . . . .
M....
F . . . .
M....
M....
M....
M....
F , . . .
M....
M....
M....
M....
M...,
M...
M...
F ...
M...
F ...
F ...
M...
M...
F ...
F ...
F ...
F ...
F ...
M...
F . .
M...
F ...
F ...
Age.
65
51
33
60
28
over70
54
21
51
30
48
71
69
35
45
41
28
52
30
63
47
47
55
47
49
44
42
36
42
29
64
79
27
53
41
Date of Death.
October 9th, 1888.
10th, " .
19th, " .
November 1st, " .
21st, " .
27th, " .
December 1st, " .
January 3rd, 1889 .
6th, " .
18th, " .
February Ist, " .
4th, " .
17th, " .
21st, " .
March 15th, " .
17th, " ,
May 9th, " .
25th, " .
31st, " .
June 11th, " .
July 7th, " ,
18th, "
21st, "
30th, "
August Ist, "
2nd, "
18th, "
22nd, "
24th, "
28th, "
29th, "
September 7th, "
10th, "
17th, "
26th, "
27th, "
Residence in
Asylum.
2
11
6
1
1
10
12
4
16
12
14
5
1
4
11
14
11
13
3
13
1
2
11
3
5
6
3
4
1
5
4
2
10
2
4
8
5
6
3
8
11
6
3
8
3
3
2
3
3
3
8
9
1
10
4
14
4
6
28
7
16
13
23
20
28
11
13
10
24
7
15
25
17
26
3
25
3
5
16
11
6
28
11
20
13
13
"28'
4
10
10
Proximate cause of Deaths
Cerebral Apojilexy.
Paresis.
Phthisis.
Marasmus.
Paresis.
Senile Decay.
Phthisis.
Phthisis.
Cerebral Parnklysis,
Cardiac Disease.
Cardiac Disease.
Enteritis.
Senile Decay.
Exhaustion of Mania.
Paresis.
Phthisis.
Marasmus.
Marasmus.
Paresis.
Phthisis.
Marasmus.
Killed.
Marasmus,
Cerebral Apoplexy.
Marasmus.
Dysentery.
Cardiac Disease.
Phthisis.
Paresis.
Phthisis.
Phthisis
Cardiac Disease.
Senile Decay.
Phthisis.
Marasmus.
Marasmus.
14
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. ISflO
TABLE No. 7.
Shewing Trades, Callings and Occupations ol: Patients admitted into the Asylum
during the year ending oOth September, 1889.
TRADES, CALLINGS AND
DuKiNG THE Year.
During Former Years.
OCCUPATIONS.
Males.
Females
Total.
Males.
Females
Total.
Total.
4
4
3
1
3
1
7
Architects . . .
1
Actuaries
Actors ....
1
1
25
17
1
20
42
1
2
1
25
17
1
20
42
2
Artists
Book-keepers
1
1
2
25
Bakers
Bricklayers
2
3
1
2
3
1
19
4
21
Blacksmiths
42
Brass-finishers
Brewers
10
3
2
10
3
2
10
Builders
3
Barbers
2
Broom-makers
Barristers (See Lawyers)
Bookbinders
2
2
3
1
1
10
5
2
Brickmakers
3
1
1
10
5
3
Bridge-tenders
1
Brakesman
1
1
2
1
2
11
Cabinet-makers
7
Confectioners
Coopers
1
4
5
1
4
5
16
134
142
30
2
1
i"
i"
Ifi
134
143
30
2
8
17
138.
Clerks
148
C lergymen
30.
Carnage-makers
2-
S
Carders
....
2
6
3
2
6
3
2
6
3
Coppersmiths
1
5
1
1
5
1
1
Civil Servants
5
1
Carters
Dyers
1
5
"938"
7
1
943
7
1
7
1
7
1
950
Dressmakers
8
2
2
14
14
16
Doctors {See Physicians)
Engineers
20
3
i;;;:::"
20
3
20
Editors
3
Engravers
1
1
L
15
.')3 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 1 .—Continued.
Shewing Trades, Callings and Occupations of Patients admitted into the Asylum
during the year ending 30th September, 1889.
TRADES, CALLINGS AND
During the Year.
During
Former
Years.
OCCUPATIONS.
Males.
Females'
Total.
Males.
Females
Total.
Total.
11
1
12
931
1
1
27
958
1
1
970
1
;::::::':::::;:;i
1
1
1
8
8
11
l"
11
8
9
12
jj
1
1
10
28
l"
28
1
28
1
1
1
1
2
1
10
2
8
1
6
1
757
■"312'"
1
2
65
23
2
1
10
312
2
8
1
6
1
758
2
65
19
1
23
44
15
2
1
10
5
5
1
317
]
3
8
1
1
1
1
Labourers
10
10
768
2
15
15
■■"ig"
1
80
19
Lumbermen
1
1
2
23
44
15
44
1
1
16
Millers
28
19
94
25
7
6'
28
19
94
25
13
28
19
2
2
96
25
13
3
4
7
116
294
410
417
1
7
307
7
505
1
75
7
4
4
198-
1
58
509
1
i 2
2
77
16
5:3 N^ictoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 7. —Continued.
Shewing Trades, Callings and Occupations of Patients admitted into the Asylum
during the year ending liOth September, 1889.
TRADES, CALLINGS AND
During the Year.
During
Former
Years.
OCCUPATIONS.
Males. 1
Females
Total.
Males.
Females
Total.
Total.
1
Pensioners
1
5
1"
1
5
1
33
24
17
20
1
5
1 1
1
Painters
Printers
1
1
33
24
17
20
34
24
Peddlers
2
2
19
20
Plumbers
3
4
2
■'"24"
20
137
3
4
2,
]37
24
24
3
4
Railway Conductors
2
Spinsters
2
2
1
1
139
Sailors
1
1
25
25
Spinners
Sisters of Charity
1
1
1
.
Showmen ...
Saddlers
1
76
2"
80
1
78
80
1
Shoemakers
1
3"
1
3
79
Seamstresses
83
Slaters ....
Station-masters
1
Soldiers
7
3
2
1
5
i"
2"
7
4
2
1
7
7
Salesmen and Saleswomen
1
1
5
2
Sail and tent-makers
1
7
Ship-builders
Stenographers
1
1
1
3
2
4
2
52
13
65
117
13
121
Tinsmiths
13
Tailors
2
2
71
1
72
74
Teamsters ...
5
5
5
Wood-workers
1
12
1
3"
1
15
1
1
15
Wheelwrights
1
Wives
16
16
1
4
701
7
701
11
717
Unknown or other employments
11
Total
70
54
124
3330
3035
6365
6489
2 (A.)
17
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 8.
Shewing causes of insanity, for the year ending 30th September, 1889.
Number
OF Instances in which
Assigned.
each Cause was-
CAUSES OF INSANITY.
In respect of the admissions for the year ending
As predisposing cause.
As exciting cause.
30th September, 1889,
Male.
Females
Total.
Males.
Females
Total.
Moral.
Domestic troubles, including loss of relatives or
4
1
3
10
2
14
3
Adverse circumstances, including business troubles.
3
9
2
11
Physical.
2
2
6
1
1
1
7
2
11
3
4
2
1
1
3
11
7
2
1
2
1
3
3
2
2"
2"
1
3
2
3
3
1
3
3
3
5
1
Other bodily diseases or disorders, including old age.
5
1
10
10
1
18
15
4
Hereditary.
With other ascertained cause in combination
With other combined cause not ascertained
Congenital.
8
5
55
70
33
88
18
17
35
Total
54
124
70
54
124
18
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 9.
Shewing the Probational Discharges and the result thereof.
Reg.
No.
Sex.
Initials.
Date of Probational
Discharge.
Term of Probation.
Result.
5905
F
F
M
F
M
F
F
F
M
M
F
F
M
M
F
F
F
F
M
F
F
F
F
F
M
F
F
F
F
E. H
22nd October, 1888
27th " "
2nd November, "
3rd " "
7th
28th " "
28th
30th " "
5th December, "
7th
22nd
24th " "
31st " •'
26th January, 1889
9th February, "
8th March, "
16th " "...
3rd April "
6th " "
8th " "
20th " "
3rd May, "
23rd " "
13th June, "
21st " "
3rd July, "
24th August, "
27th
3rd September, "
One month
Discharged.
6295
E. B
5552
R. B
M. A. 0
W. McK
M. G
Two weeks
K
6371
One month
6292
6374
,,
«<
5346
E. C
6246
A. A. W
J. E
F. G. B
S. A. M
A. M. C
W. J. S
D. S. B
E. M. G
M. M
M. A. C
E. T
a
((
6121
«i
It
6377
i(
(<
6253
"
<(
6379
'■
<(
6387
<'
(<
6398
"
Brought back.
Discharged.
6409
.<
6ci91
"
6406
"
Brought back.
Discharged.
6349
<(
6354
B. J. S
M.J. F
ME.K
S. S
6386
6384
"
"
5493
a
Brought back.
Discharged.
6400
E. S. T
K. H. M. ....
F. W. R ....
I. E. B
R. D
A. S
J. B
<t
6210
6226
Three months
One month
6342
<(
6463
"
Brought back.
6468
<<
6461
((
<i
SUMMARY OF PROBATIONAL DISCHARGES.
Males.
Females
Total.
Males.
Females
Total.
Number to whom probational leave was granted. . . .
8
21
29
Discharged, recovered
7
15
2
22
2
6 ,
improved
" unimproved
Died before expiration of leave
Returned to Asylum
1
4
5
Absent on probation on 30th September, 1889. .....
8
21
29
19
3 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 10.
Shewing in quinquennial periods the ages of those admitted, recovered and
died during the year.
Admitted.
Recovered.
Died.
AGES.
1
Is
a
o
S
"^
g
(0
S
o
03
s
0)
o
.. 15 " 20 " ....
u 20 " 25 "
M 25 " 30 " ....
ii 80 "35 " ....
n 35 " 40 " ....
1. 40 " 45 " ....
ic 45 "50 " ...
i. 50 " 55 " ....
i. 55 " 60 "
it 60 " 65 " ....
i< 65 " 70 " ....
11 70 " 75 " ....
8
8
11
8
10
11
4
3
2
1
3
1
2
6
12
3
14
6
4
3
2
1
1
10
14
23
11
24
17
8
6
4
1
4
1
1
2
1
6
2
1
6
3
2
1
4
5
2
7
3
4
3
3
5
11
4
8
9
7
5
3
3
1
1
5
4
1
1
1
4
1
2
1
4
3
2
5
6
6
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
Total
70
54
124
24
29
53
21
15
36
20
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. I860
TABLE No. 11.
Shewing the duration of insanity, length of residence and period of treatment,
etc., during the year ending 80th September, 1889.
PERIODS.
o
_o
'E
a,
'a
n
a
i§
fl'w
o 2
■|a
P
Length of residence of those
remaining in Asylum on
30th September.
Periods of treatment of those
who were discliarged cured
during the year.
Periods of treatment of those
who were discharged im-
proved during the year.
Periods of treatment of those
who were discharged un-
improved during the year.
30
18
18
9
2
3
7
6
3
3
2
1
10
2
3
1
15
10
7
4
10
5
1
5
5
6
1
rr
t
53
23
39
49
21
38
36
29
16
23
153
60
92
3
6
9
4
2
4
7
3
2
1
2
2
2
2
1
1
2
„ 2 M 3 1
, 3 „ 4 „
3
1
„ 4 1, 5
„ 5 „ 6 II
1
2
1
„ 6 M 7 11
„ 7 „ 8 II
„ 8 11 9 11
„ 9 „ 10 „
1
„ 10 „ 11 „
1
„ 11 „ 12 II
„ 12 „ 18 II
4
1
M 18 months to 2 years
M 2 to 3 years
1
„ 3 „ 4 II
1
1
„ 4 11 5 II
„ 5 „ 6 11
1
1
2
6 „ 7 1-
11 7 1. 8 11
8 1, 9 II
9 „ 10 II
„ 10 M 15 11
2
1
1
„ 15 „ 20 11
H 20 years and upwards
2
Totals
124
708
53
14
8
21
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 12.
Shewing the nature of employment and the number of day's work performed by
patients during the year ending .SOth September, 1889.
NATURE OF EMPLOYMENT.
Carpenter's shop
Tailor's shop
Shoe shop
Engineer's shop
Blacksmith's shop
Mason work
Repairing roads
Wood yard and coal shed
Bakery
Laundry
Dairy
Butcher's shop and slaughter house .
Piggery
Painting
Farm
■Garden
Grounds
.Stable
Kitchen
Dining rooms
Officers' quarters
Sewing rooms
Knitting
Spinning
Mending
Wards
JHalls
Storeroom
General
Total
4
3
2
7
1
3
5
14
2
15
6
3
3
3
14
18
14
6
6
40
5
34
16
Days Worked.
Males.
1200
855
150
1266
280
700
500
3130
730
1252
2190
930
1095
685
6382
5634
3650
2190
2190
7300
730
Females.
4600
7300
1095
10600
4800
Total.
1200
855
150
1266
280
700
500
3130
730
5852
2190
930
1095
685
6382
5634
3650
2190
2190
14600
1825
10600
4800
30
120
40
4
36
7300
10960
7300
730
4900
7300
10960
7300
730
3900
454
74229
58585
14600
21920
14600
1460
8800
132814
22
58 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 13.
Shewing the Counties and Districts from which the patients remaining in
residence on the 30th September, 1889, were originally received.
COUNTIES AND DISTRICTS.
Males.
Females.
Total.
Algoma District
3
1
1
8
2
1
16
3
1
1
3
3
20
1
7 ""
3
2
2
2
1
6
5
Brant
3
Bruce
2
14
2
Dufldas
1
12
1
1
5
ii '"
2
28
Elgin
Essex
4
2
Frontenac
6
Glengarry
3
3
Grey
Haldimand
31
1
Halton
4
6
6
4
13
9
Kent
2
Lanark
3
5
1
1
7
3
4
6
Lennox and Addington
7
Lincoln ...
4
3
1
1
7
Middlesex
3
1
1
2
13
22
6
2
15
24
5
28
46
Oxford
11
Peel
12
7
15
1
15
1
8
27
8
Peterborough
23
1
Prince Edward . . ... . .
3
3
Renfrew
1
2
3
9
1
10
19
1
13
1
1
5
6
149
5
4
17
Waterloo
1
Welland
6
13
9
155
6
7
Wellington
Wentworth
York
18
15
304
11
Total
363
345
708
23
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 14.
Shewing articles made and repaired in Tailor's Shop and Wards during the year
ending 30th September, 1889.
Tailor's Shop.
Made.
Repaired.
In Wards.
Remade.
Repaired,
Coats, tweed
34
8
12
2
48
32
85
15
8
2
32
11
37
200
60
" denim . . .
80
" corduroy
28
69
230
24
" attendants' uniforms .
Trousers, tweed
" denim
" corduroy
" moleskin
300
.... ^^..
1
" attendants' uniforms
Vests . .
100
Caps
Cutting for outside
Making
Trouserg
Coats
60
72
TABLE No. 15.
Shewing articles made and repaired in sewing rooms during the year ending 30th
September, 1889.
Aprons
Chemise
Dresses
Drawers
Jackets
Lambrequins . . . .
Mattresses
" ticks.
Night gowns . . . ,
Petticoats
Pillow-ticks
" cases
Quilts
Kugs ,
Made.
Repaired.
335
480
433
3880
349
2792
29
600
4
12
3
350
53
.
9
440
122
1998
26
984
220
280
1120
10
32
Stockings, pairs
Socks "
Shirts
Sheets
Sofa-covers ....
Table-cloths . . .
Toilet covers . . .
" napkins.
Towels, roller . .
" dish . .
Untidy suits . .
Window blinds .
Carpets
Made.
388
549
501
785
1
55
9
108
133
231
10
172
32
Repaired.
4659
6543
3006
1570
112
45
24
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 16.
Return of Farm anil Garden produce for the year ending 30th September, 1889.
Asparagus. .
Artichokes..
Beet-blood. .
Beans
Carrots
Cucumbers. .
Cauliflowers
Celery
Currants . . .
Cabbage
Citrons
Corn ,
Cress
Quantities.
Capsicunas
Grapes
Gooseberries . . .
Lettuce
Onions, green. .
" ripe . . .
Marygolds
Melons
Marjorean
Pease in pods.. .
Potatoes
Parsnips
Parsley
Radi.«hes
Raspberries . . .
Rhubarb
Raddish, horse
Strawberries. . .
Salsif
ify-
Spinach
Sage, Mint and Thyme .
Sprouts, Brussels
Turnips
Tomatoes
Vegetable marrow
Flower seeds
" plants
Bulbs
4850 bunches.
65 bushels.
265
45
400
1500
1500
5000
250 quarts.
13500 heads.
250
795d(.z.
600 bunches.
1 bus-hel.
550 lbs.
525 quarts.
4600 bunches.
7900
180 bushels.
ISO tons.
45
8 doz. bunch.
30 bushels.
500
700
250 doz. bunch.
850 "
285 quarts.
6000 bunches.
200
540 quarts.
50 bushels.
200
100 dox. buneh.
25 stalks.
500 bushels.
290
410
Rate.
Eggs from hennery
Milk
Calves sold
Hogs sold, on foot ,
" killed for consumption.
Western corn and grasses . .
Total .
Statement of Prod'icc from the " Miviico" Farm attacked to
the Asylum for Instine, Toronto, for the year ending 30th
September, 18S0.
" Mimico" apples
" cherrie.s
890 d'.z.
19989 gals.
9
147
10961 lbs.
300 loads.
" beans
" potatoes
" oats
" mangolds .
" hay
" straw
Western corn, green feed.
Total . .
25 barrels.
56 quarts.
1 barrel.
3750 bushels.
1200
20 tons.
81 "
45 "
350 loads . .
2 00
10
3863
Value.
13028 21
16891 31
25
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 10). A. 1890
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MEDICAL SUPERINTENDENT OF THE
ASYLUM FOR THE INSANE, LO^s'DON.
October 1st, 1889.
To the Inspector of Prisons and Public Charities, Ontario :
SiK. — I have the honour to transmit to you herewith the Eighteenth Annual
Report of this Asylum.
There were in residence at this Asylum on the first day of October, 1888, 913
patients of whom 456 were men and 457 women. In the course of the twelve months
that have since elapsed there have been admitted into the Asylum 81 patients, of whom
47 were men and 34 were women, making the total number of patients under treatment
during the year 994 — 503 men and 491 women.
Of these patients 45 ha\ e been discharged — 25 men and 20 women; 39 have died — 24
men and 15 women ; two men have been written off eloped ; leaving in residence at
present 908 patients — 452 men and 456 women.
Of the 45 patients discharged 32 — 19 men and 13 women — were dischar>ted
recovered ; 6 — one man and 5 women were discharged improved ; 6 — 4 men and 2
women were discharged unimproved ; and one man was discharged as not insane.
The number of patients discharged, recovered and improved was 38, or 46.66, p.c.
of the admissions.
The average recovery rate since the opening of the Asylum down to date, including
those discharged improved, has been 42.09,
The total number of patients under treatment during the year was 994, and the
number of deaths 39 ; so that the death-rate 3.92. The deaths were all from natural
and unpreventable causes, there being no deaths during the year from either homicide,
suicide or accident.
The average death-rate since the opening of the Asylum has been 4.63.
Another Fire.
At 11.30 p.m., 26th January of this year, a fire broke out in the third story of the
centre building of the north cottage, in the north-east corner of the room used in that
cottage as a patient's sitting room. I have never been able to find out how the fire
originated. The roof and upper story of the centre building of the cottage were almost
destroyed, but within a few weeks they were restored at a moderate cost. No one was
injured directly or indirectly by the fire.
Reconstruction.
In my last Annual Report I mentioned the fire which on 2nd December, 1887, con-
sumed the laundry and almost destroyed the kitchen of the main asylum.
The building at that time burned down has since been replaced by the Public Works
Department, by a larger and better structure in which is a new and more commodious
kitchen, two large workrooms and upstairs an exceptionally large and handsome amuse-
ment room.
Repairs, Renewals, etc. of the year.
1. In the three cottages we renewed five flights of stairs they being worn out.
2. We made twenty-four tables for the three cottages.
3. For the same cottages made sjx new cupboards.
26
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 10). A. 1890
4. The old weigh-scales being worn out and a new and larger set bought, we built
■there in renewing entirely the stone, brick and wood work.
5. We reshingled the houses of the engineer and gardener.
6. Ceiled the east boiler-house.
7. Refloored the driving-shed and furnished it with new doors.
8. Converted temporarily a coal-shed into an engineer's shop while the new building
•was being put up.
9. Made two writing desks for physicians' office.
10. Made three long ladders,
11. Reshelved two storerooms in main Asylum.
12. Made a book case for Bursar's house.
13. Ventilated the drying room and attic at the laundry, making this building, which
■<was insufferably close and hot in summer time, quite cool and comfortable.
14. Made two large drinking troughs for cattle and horses,
15. Refitted and thoroutfhly renewed seven water-closets in the main and north
^buildings. As there has been some discussion as to the site of closet in use at this
Asylum — its suitability and fitness from a sanitary point of view — I may say that I
|)refer the " tank closet " used here to any other for patient's use. It cannot be tampered
■with, can be kept absolutely clean and sweet, is simple in construction and operation and
is not liable to get out of order. That it is also a good closet from a sanitary point of
view is, I think, demonstrated by the extraordinary low death-rate of this Asylum.
16. Refloored and refitted three bath-rooms in north building,
17. Refitted (almost rt constructed) three washing machines. The wood of which
these machines are made being constantly bathed in boiling or almost boiling water, soon
ibecomes soft, will not hold nails or screws and has to be renewed.
18. Built a thousand feet of new fence.
19. Laid new floors in west boiler house and west coal shed, main asylum.
20. Reset thirty door frames in north building.
21. Built platform for swill-cart.
22. Made new tables for kitchen, the old having been destroyed at the time of the fire-
23. Made new cupboards for kitchen.
24. Took down and reconstructed four hundred and fifty feet of fence in front of
Bursar's house on Governor's Road.
25. Renewed the steam pipes from laundry boilers to kitchen steam kettles (these
pipes had been destroyed by the fire,)
26. Took out an old laundry boiler and fitted up and built in a new one in its place.
27. Took out an old west wing boiler and converted it into a heater for kitchen and
■centre building — they having none since the big heater was removed along with the laundry.
28. Had old laundry boiler repaired and fitted it up in west boiler house in place
of the one taken from there, and used as a heater.
29. Put a Norson steam trap in laundry drying room.
30. Fitted officers' dining room with new .sinks and pipes.
31. Removed (from one side of the kitchen to the other) and refitted up range and
;8team kettles in kitchen of main Asylum.
32. During the summer we have altered the steam-heating of the north building from
the old system to what is known as " overhead " heating. That is, we have taken all
the mains from the basement (where they were most unsightly) and placed them in the
attic. By this change the halls (especially the basement halls) are much improved and
we expect to save coal.
33. Set up a new Gurney boiler in north cottage, added five hundred feet of pipe
And put all in order,
27
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 10). A. 1890
34. Built a cesspool at Binson's house.
35. Renewed the steps to basement of west cottage.
36. Set up and bricked in four new agricultui-al kettles at dairy, slaughter-house
and east and west cottages.
37. For some weeks back our whole force of carpenters and masons have been at
■work converting the old amusement room into an infirmary. There are several weeks'
work still to do before the job will be completed.
38. We have grown two acres of willows, have made from part of them all the
baskets needed for asylum purposes, and 2,671 lbs. of peeled willows left over.
39. We have probably done nearly as much again as above specified in jobs too small
to be individually specified.
Alterations and Renewals Eecommended.
1. Instead of having only one boiler house the main building of this Asylum has
now four. It had three from the beginning, and an additional one was built during the
year just closed. There is thus necessary at this building three stokers more than would
be needed were all the boilers concentrated under one roof.
To collect the boilers together in one boiler house could not cost more than from
$3,000 to $3,500 while the saving aflected by this change would not be less than $1,500
per annum, since it would enable us to dispense with three stokers, and we should save
in coal from one to two hundred tons a year.
2. The old associate dining rooms are too small for the number of patients who have
to take their meals in them. It would be a great improvement to replace them with a
dining room on each flat, according to a scheme furnished by myself to the Honourable
the Treasurer, on the 10th of July last. It was shown in that report that by an expendi-
ture of about $10,000, suitable dining rooms could be built and the old converted into
dormitories, in such a way as to aff «rd accommodation for forty-eight additional patients.
Putting aside the vast improvement in our dining room accommodation thus affected,
this addition to the capacity of the asylum would, it seems to me, amply justify the
expenditure, since the latter would only be about $200 for each bed added, a much lower
rate than the ordinary cost of new buildings.
With these two improvements (a central boiler house and a dining room for each
flat) added to those lately made, viz. : the new laundry and kitchen, new amusement
hall, infirmary, fire protection and sewage disposal, this asylum would be well provided
with structural conveniences in all the essential departments.
3. The main pump of this Asylum broke down 4th March, 1888. Mr. McOallum,
of the Public Works Department, came here and had it repaired. On 3rd April, 1888, I
reported to you that the little (supplementary) pump — which we had been using while
the main pump was being repaired— was out out of order and usele.ss. On 5th of the
same month, you wrote that the matter of an efiicient duplicate pump would be attended
to. On 27th and 28th April, 1888, Mr. McOailum was here. He examined the little
pump and said that for our purpose it was useless, and he did not have it repaired. At
this time he made sketches and plans for a proper duplicate piimp, which 1 hoped and
expected would be provided very shortly thereafter. Nothing further, however, has
been heard of it. We are now, and have been since March, 1888, depending solely on
the old main pump. Should that break down or get out of order, we should have no
water. During the dry weather of the past summer we used about 125,000 gallons of
water a day, and pumped 16 hours out of the 24. Had anything happened to our pump
at that time (and with such constant work, it would not have been surprising if some-
thing had happened) it is easy to see what a terrible position we should have been in.
In a moment deprived of our water supply. No water for the steam boilers, for the
water closets, for the laundry, for cooking ; no water even for the eleven hundred people
here to drink. As long as we remain as now, without a duplicate pump, we are exposed
day by day to be thrown into that position at a moment's notice.
28
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 10). A. 1890
4. For the sake of economy as well as comfort, the Medical Superintendent's house
at this Asylum should be heated with hot water.
5. A coal-slied similar in all respects to those at the north and east cottages has long
been prodiised, and is much needed at the weht cottage.
Sewage Disposal.
When this Asylum was built in 1869-70, no provision was made for the disposal of
its sewage, other than the simple device of running it into the nearest creek, which in
its turn emptied into the south branch of the river Thames, about three miles above the
the city. The creek soon became so polluted as to be a nuisance to all persons living
along or near its banks. To remedy this condition of things, a filter was constructed on
the asylum grounds, which was intended to separate the offensive part of the sewage
from the water which held it in suspension, retaining the former and allowing the latter
to run away. After a prolonged trial, however, it was found impossible to prevent the
filter from choking up, and its use had eventually to be abandoned, In the course of the
y(iar just closed, another plan of sewage disposal has been adopted, which so far, bids fair
to be a perfect success. The plan is known as the " Intermittent Downwai-d and Filtra-
tion " system, and consists, briefly stated, of running the sewage into level trenches, made
side by side in a piece of ground especially graded for the purpose, from which it settles
or filters into the soil. Only a fourth or fifth part of the trenches are usnd each day, so
that each trench after being used lies four or five days unused. The whole scheme
as put in practise here this year, is given in detail, with plates, in the Report of the
Provincial Board of Health of Ontario, for the year 1888, to which I refer those who
desire to see a detailed explanation of the method,
This new sewage disposal system was formally opened here on the fifth of July last.
The Honorable Charles Drury, the Inspector of Asylums, many members of the County
Council, of the Board of Health, of the City Council, of the Hospital Board and of the
Board of Trade were present. It has been in full and successful operation since. So far
no unpleasant odor rises from the field upon which the sewage (to the amount of some
50,000 gallons a day) is thrown. Within a few hours from the time it is pumped into
the trenches, it has sunk into the soil and disappeared, and as far as we are concerned,
that is the last of it. It remains to be seen whether the cold of winter or the continuous
use o^the same soil over and over again for this purpose will interfere with the success
of this method of sewage disposal. Judging from the results obtained in other places, I
do not myself fear failure from any cause, but am sanguine that the method of sewage
disposal now inaugurated here will prove a complete and permanent success.
Fire Protection.
In the course of the year now ended, the Public Works Department has given us a
new system of fire protection at this Asylum. The system consists of a steam boiler
(also used for the sewage pump and to heat the new building above mentioned, which
contains the kitchen, new work-rooms and new amusement hall), a powerful force pump,
and leading from it six inch mains and four inch branches which reach to and surround
the various asylum buildings, the same being provided at convenient situations and dis-
tances with hydrant to which hose is screwed on as required. In order to make the
system efiective at all times, a night stoker has been authorized who is, of course, on duty
during the whole time that the day stokers are off, that is from 9 o'clock in the evening
until 5 in the morning. There is never less than 20 lbs. of steam in one or other of the
three boilers that command the fire pump, and a supply of light wood and soft coal is
always on hand, by using which this pressure can be increased almost at a moments'
notice. The Asylum staff is organized into a complete fire brigade with hose-men, branch
men, a hook and ladder company, etc. An alarm of fire being given, each man runs to
his post. Steam pressure in the boiler in use is rapidly run up to 80 or 90 lbs. The
ho.se are run out and attached to the proper hydrant or hydrants, and within a very few
minutes, one, two or three \^ inch streams can be thrown upon the seat of the fire.
29
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
The following is an account of the practises had down to date with this new fire
protection apparatus : —
DATE.
Alarm Given.
Water Thrown.
That is in
July 19
2.34 p.m.
2.37
3 Minutes.
Aug. 2
8.37 a.m.
8.42
5
7
11.45 "
11.47
2 "
10
12.51 "
1.01
10
23
3.284 p.m.
3.32
34 "
Sept. 9 ...;.. .
3.114 "
3.13
14 "
25
12.18 a.m.
12.25
7
As in every case the alarm was given by myself, I know that no one was in any way
prepared for it any more than we are prepared all the time I consider the showing
exceedingly good, especially the two night turn outs (at 12.30 and 1) every one heing in
bed and asleep except myself, the night-stoker and nightwatches, and water being thrown
on the (supposed) burning building in ten and seven minutes. In each instance a large
force of men (as many as could be used to advantage at a real fire) were on hand ready
for work at and before the expiration of the time named.
It is my belief that it would be impossible for a fire to do us any serious damage, as
we are at present protected.
Old and New Amusement Halls and Infirmary.
As mentioned above, a new amusement room has been constructed in the course of
the year just expired. It is much larger than the old, which had become too small ta
accommodate the number of patients requiring to be taken to dances and entertain-
ments. The size of the old hall was 80 x 41 feet— 3,280 square feet^ the size of the new hall
is 94 X 55 feet — 5,170 square feet. The new hall is much more convenient than the old
as it is only up one stair while the old was up thiee. It is much safer than the old in
case of tire or any panic, as there are four broad stairways and a wide hall leading from it,
while there were only two narrow stairways leading from the old. In short, the new
hall was greatly needed, and is, in all respects, just what was wanted. Among its other
good points it has the best floor I have ever seen. It is made of Georgia pine, 1^ inches
wide, and is absolutely level and smooth.
The old amusement hall being thus vacated we are at the present time engaged con-
verting it into an infirmary, which we expect will afford comfortable accommodatian for
twenty men and twenty women ; but on this subject I hope to be able to write more
fully and explicitly next year.
Restraint.
We have passed another year (making six altogether) in which we have neither used
nor needed to use in any instance any form of restraint. In fact, as time goes on we wonder
more and more why we or any one ever did or should use it. It seems to all of us now
so entirely unnecessary and inhuman.
30
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 10). A. 1890
A Icohol.
We have used no alcohol in the course of the year just closed ; making eight years
during which we have totally dispensed with the use of this drug. I do not believe tliat
in all that time any one has suffered for want of it. As very fully set forth in my last
report, the death-rate of the Asylum is lower, and the recovery-rate higher without
alcohol than with it.
Employmeid of Patients.
During the year now closed, an average of eight hundred patients out of an average
resident population of nine hundred have been throughout the twelve months employed
every working day at some kind of more or less useful and raoi e or less (generally less)
onerous labor. I need not again repeat what I have so often said as to the value of
occupation for the insane. It is the best medicine for the curable and the greatest of all
blessings to the incurable.
Religious Services.
Religious services have been held in our chapel every Sunday throughout the year.
A Protestant service every Sunday morning by the Protestant clergymen of the city in
turn, and a Catholic service every alternate Sunday, in the afcernoon, by one or other of
the Catholic clergymen.
The average number of patients who attend these services is about four hundred and
fifty. That is one-half of our resident population goes to either Catholic or Protestant
service each Sunday that Catholic service is held. On the alternate Sunday only the
Protestant patients go to church.
The services are highly appreciated by the patients, and the clergymen who gratui-
tously conduct them are entitled to, and have, our warmest thanks.
Amusements During the Year.
The amusements provided the patients during the year just closed have been as
numerous, as varied and of as good quality as during any past twelve months.
. We have had, as usual, cards, draughts, dominoes, chess, bagatelle, billiards, back-
gammon, reading, music, walking in the grounds, cricket and croquet. Besides these we
have had :
1. Two dances every week from the end of October until the beginning of April.
2. Weekly entertainments from the first of November to the end of March.
3. Sleighing, for female patients, when the roads were good and horses could be
spared.
4. Over eighty patients were sent to the Provincial Fair held in London last month.
5. Thirty-six patients were sent to Barnum's circus. We should have sent a much
larger number but the circus authorities would make no reduction from full fare. This
is the first time during my residence here that any circus has refused to allow patients to
enter at half price.
6. A series of band concerts by our own band on the lawn in front of the main
as} lum during the summer months.
The weekly entertainments of the year were as follows :
a. Variety entertainment by A. Bremner and friends.
b. Concert by Clan Fraser, under management of Mr. John Fairgrieve.
c. Concert by members of military school.
d. Entertainment by Messrs. Bremner and Dalton.
e. Entertainment by Asylum Minstrel Troupe.
31
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 10). A. 1890
/. Concert by Mr, W. Halle and friends.
g. Entertainment by Mr. T. Gillian and friends.
h. Concert by Mr. C. F. Coiwell and others.
i. Concert by the children of Queen's Park Methodist Sunday school, under the
management of Mr. D. C. Hardy.
j. Concert by Mr. Geo. B. Sippi and friends.
k. Concert by Messrs. H. Bapty, J. I. Anderson and friends.
I. Concert by Mr. R. Pococke's orchestra.
m. Entertainment by London Consolidated Minstrels.
n. Entertainment by Asylum Minstrel Company.
0. Exhibition by Prof. Zera Semon and company.
p. " My Neighbor's Wife," by Asylum Dramatic Company.
q. Concert by St. Peter's choir, under management of D. Verinder.
To finish up the year we had, on 26th September, our second " Grand Annual
Athletic Sports." A large number of prizes, many of them of considerable value, w^re
given. The contests were entered into by both patients and employees. The attendance
was large as well from the city as from the asylum. The interest taken in the various
sports and contests by the patients was very great.
The programme of contests and prizes was as follows :
1. Race for boys, 14 years and under, 1st knife ; 2n(], paint box ; 3rd, checker
board.
2. Race for boys, 12 years and under, 1st, box mouth organs ; 2nd, knife ; 3rd, brass
whistle.
3. Race for boys, 9 years and under, 1st, box mouth organs; 2nd, knife; 3rd,
knife ; 4th, game.
4. Race for girls, 12 years and under, 1st, napkin ring ; 2nd, bottle of perfume ;
3rd, purse.
5. Race for girls, 9 years and under, 1st, napkin ring; 2nd, bottle of perfume; 3id,
purse.
6. Three-legged-race, for boys, 1st, knifes ; 2nd, knives ; 3rd, knives ; 4th, box of
games.
7. Race for male patients, 200 yards, 1st, cardigan jacket ; 2nd, basket of grapes ;
3rd, mouth organ.
8. Race for female patients, 100 yards, 1st, hood and basket of peaches ; 2nd,
satchel ; 3rd, silk handkerchief.
9. Hop, step and jump, open to all, 1st, silver medal; 2nd, bird cage; 3rd, comb
and brush.
10. Race for unmarried employees, quarter mile, 1st, dressing case; 2nd, napkin
ring ; 3rd, flask.
11. Vaulting with pole, open to all, 1st, silk umbrella; 2nd, silk handkerchief; 3rd,
razor.
12. Highland fling, for girls, 1st, silver medal ; 2nd, medal; 3rd, purse.
13. Race for married employees, 200 yards, 1st, Medical Superintendent's prize,
set of carvers ; 2nd, half dozen knives ; 3rd, half dozen spoons ; 4th, lamp.
14. Throwing light hammer, 1st hat ; 2nd, shirt ; 3rd, silk handkerchief.
15. Sailors' hornpipe, 1st, silver medal; 2nd, knife ; 3rd, brass whittle.
16. Race for female employees, 100 yards, 1st, Inspector's prize; 2nd, chair; 3rd
leather satchel ; 4th, lady's companion.
82
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A 1890
17. Sack race, 100 yards, 1st, pot marmalade; 2nd, inkstand ; 3rd, tie.
18. Putting the stone, 1st, set of carvers; 2nd, hat; 3rd, knife.
19. Sword dance, 1st, medal; 2nd, mathematical instruments; 3rd, box of drawing
pencils.
20. Race, orange and spoon, for female employees, 1st, album; 2nd, satchel • 3rd
bottle of perfume.
21. Running high jump, 1st, inkstand; 2nd, pipe; 3rd, brush.
22. Race, open to all, half mile, 1st, silk umbrella ; 2nd, box of perfume ; 3rd brush
and comb.
23. Postmen's race, prize, checker board.
24. Hitch and kick, 1st, razor and case ; 2nd, pipe ; 3rd, clothes brush.
25. Donkey race, 200 yards, change half way, 1st, half dozen spoons; 2nd neck tie-
3rd, ties and handkerchief.
26. Wheelbarrow race, 200 yards, 1st, dressing case; 2nd, tin of tobacco- 3rd
brush.
27
28
purse.
29
30
Obstacle race, 1st, rubber coat ; 2nd. chair ; 3rd. cup and saucer.
Race for female patients, 50 yards, 1st, hood ; 2nd, basket of grapes - 3rd
Best looking old lady patient, porcelain pot, with tea.
Wheelbarrow race, for female employees, 1st, basket of perfume - 2nd hand
glass ; 3rd, jug of perfume ; 4th, thermometer.
31. Catching greasy pig, open to all, winner to keep the pig,
32. Tug of war, between Infantry School and asylum, winning team to receive 50c
each.
The following gentlemen composed the committee of management, viz..-
Drs. Beamer, Fairchild, Barber, Sippi, and Messrs. George Rennie, George Angus
George O'Leary and George Thurling.
And the following firms of the city of London donated prizes, viz.:
Robinson, Little &, Co.
A. E. Pavey & Co.
Struthers &. Anderson.
J. Marshall & Co.
Marshall Bros.
Elliott Bros.
M. Masuret & Co.
J. Cowan & Co.
James Reid & Co.
A. Westman li: Co.
R. Lewis.
W. T. Strong.
J. G. Shufi".
Cairncross & Lawrence
John Purdom,
J. Darch & Son.
A. M. Hamilton.
Rickert Bros.
J. Green & Co.
J. 1. Anderson & Co.
George Heaman.
P. Birtwhistle.
J. Jones.
A. Macpherson & Co.
C. F. Colwell & Co.
H. C. Smyth.
Wm. Allister.
R. Quick.
Bark well & Co.
Reid Bros.
Advertiser Printing Co.
T. Gillean.
M. Gould.
L Brock.
Wm. J. Craig.
Richard Tory.
David Sare.
J. Burns & Son.
W. L. Graham.
Angus & Park.
J. W. Martin.
T. Ro.ss. and others.
We are greatly obliged to these gentlemen for their liberality and we can assure
them that it was exercised this time in a good cause and gave a very great deal of
pleasure.
Officers and Employees.
There have been no changes in the personnel of the staff of officers at this asvlum in
the course of the year covered by this report.
There have been about the usual changes (rather less than more) in the staff of
servants and attendants.
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 10). A. 1890
The work of the institution has been well and faithfully done by both officers and
employees each in his or her own field of labor.
I am well satisfied with the staff as at present constituted, and trust we may have as^
few changes as possible during the year now beginning.
Farm and Garden.
We had a remarkably early spring, followed by frost and a very cold wet June.
Apples, pears and grapes were destroyed by the frost and the cold June prevented our
mellons from coming to anything. From the first of July we hnd a very pleasant thougli
cool summer. Most of our crops were fair. The potatoes, however, a very important
crop with us, were injured by the cold wet June and did not turn out much over a good
half crop.
The yield of the farm was as follows :
Hay 142 tons.
Wheat 240 bush.
Oats 350 "
Straw 40 tons.
Green fodder 240 loads.
Potatoes 3,395 bush.
Carrots 1,500 "
Milk 93,743 qts.
Pork 16,642 lbs.
In the garden we had the following vegetables :
Asparagus 1,788 bunches.
Beans 37 bush.
Beets 1,100 bunches.
" 540 bush.
Oabbage 15,450 heads.
Cauliflower 2,135 "
Carrots 4,363 bunches.
750 bush.
Celery ■ 10,000 sticks.
Corn 1,023 doz.
Cucumbers 586 "
" pickling 568 qts.
Horse radish 150 bunches.
Kale 350 heads.
Lettuce, forced 105 doz.
" garden 750 "
Onions, green . . . , 7,247 bunches.
'* dried 520 bush.
" pickling , . . 385 qts.
Parsnips 660 bush.
Peas." 76| "
Rhubarb, forced 293 bunches.
" garden 2,085 "
Salsify 1,850
Slakale beet 156 bush. <
Spinach 29 "
Squash 1,313
Peppers 30 doz.
Turnips 131 bush.
Tomatoes 319 "
34
63 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 10). A. 1890
Of fruit we had :
Cherries 130 qts.
Currants, red 2,590 . "
" white 236 "
black 1,210 "
Gooseberries 3,230 "
Melons, musk 523
" water 40
Raspberries 3,760 qts.
Strawberries 2,135 «
Peas 18 pecks.
Herbs :
Summer savory . 600 bunches.
Sage '. 600
Thyme 150 "
Mint 250 "
Parsley 250 "
Coriander seed 6 lb.
Of plants grown for winter flowering and decorative purposes we had 3,637; of
plants raised in the green-houses for bedding purposes we had 33,225 ; of annuals raised
under glass we had 9,680.
We planted out from our own nursery 736 Manitoba maples, 230 Norway spruces,
and 250 blackberry bushes.
I have the honor to be, sir,
Your obedient servant,
R. M. BUCKE,
Medical Supt.
35
5,3 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
ANNUAL STATISTICAL REPORT
Of the operations of the Asylum for Insane, London, for the year endiog 30th
September, 1889.
TABLE No. 1.
Shewing movements of patients in the Asylum for the official year ending
30th September, 1889.
Male.
Female .
Total.
Male.
Female .
Total,
Remaining October 1st, 1888
456
47
503
51
457
34
913
Admitted during year :—
By Lieutenant-Governor's Warrant
" Medical Certificate
15
32
14
20
29
52
81
Total number under treatment during year
491
35
994
Discharges during year :—
19
1
1
4
13
5
2
32
1
6
6
Total number of discharges during year
Died
25
24
2
20
15
45
39
2
86
Remaining in Asylum, 30th September, 1889
452
1568
1116
456
908
1380
924
2948
583
431
47
55
547
302
7
68
1130
733
54
123
» died
" eloped ..
" transferred
2040
452
456
908
6
7
39
19
45
26
Number of applications on file 30th Sept., certified .
" " warrants, 1889
13
58
71
36
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1810
TABLE No. 2.
Shewing the maximum and minimum number of patients resident in the Asylum,
the total number of days' stay of patients, and the daily average number of
patients in the Asylum, from the 1st October, 1888, to 30th September, 1889,
Maximumniimberof patients in residence (on the 4th of Dec, 1888)
Minimum " " " (on the 16th of Sept., 1889)
Collective days' stay of all patients in residence during year
Daily average population
Admissions of
Year.
Total Admissions,
since Opening.
Male.
Female.
Total.
Male.
Female .
Total.
Social Statb.
Married
Widowed
19
4
24
15
2
17
34
6
41
630
49
881
8
781
72
526
1
1411
121
Single
1407
Not reported , , . . .
9
Total
47
34
81
1568
341
332
314
113
18
257
4
8
24
65
92
1380
2948
Religion,
Presbyterians
14
8
8
2
1
8
9
5
9
4
5"
23
13
17
6
1
13
311
257
309
109
7
265
2"
8
58
54
652
Episcopalians
589
Methodists
623
Baptists
222
Congregationalists
Roman Catholics
25
522
Menn^mites
4
10
Infidels
32
Other denominations
4
2
6
2
123
Not reported
2 1
146
47
Total
34
81
1568
1380
2948
Nationalities.
English
4
4
2
33
1
3
I
1
25
1
1
8
6
3
58
2
4
236
244
161
756
72
41
58
166
292
137
662
42
44
37
402
Iri-^h
536
Scotch
298
Canadian .
1418
United States
114
Other Countries
85
Unknown
95
Total
47
.■:■)
34
81
1568
1380
2948
37
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 3.
Shewing the Counties from which patients have been admitted up to 80th
September, 1889.
Admitted During Yeak.
Total Admissions.
COUNTIES.
Male.
Female .
Total.
Male.
Female .
Total.
5
38
94
4
2
33
71
7
7
71
1
4
5
165
11
Elffin
5
2
2
2
7
4
92
71
5
10
22
10
5
129
86
155
3
91
67
7
12
23
7
8
129
110
106
3
5
1
6
291
183
Essex
138
12
Grev
22
45
17
13
0
2
7
5
2
4
11
4
11
258
Kent
196
261
6
5
3
10
343
4
16
16
12
28
634
Norfolk
30
14
6
139
4
111
1
2
1
34
10
13
92
5
80
5
3
1
64
24
19
Oxford
4
2
6
231
Peel
9
Perth
4
1
5
191
6
5
2
13
5
2
12
33
8
20
11
46
25
21
5
23
6
15
17
46
11
34
10
2
26
56
Welland
14
35
28
"Vnrlr ....
92
■Mnt ninBQpH
36
47
34
81
1568
1380
2948
38
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. lOj.
A. 1890
TABLE No. 4.
Shewing the Counties from which warranted cases have been admitted up to
30th September, 1889.
Admitted During Year.
Total Admissions.
COUNTIES.
Male.
Female.
Total.
Male.
Female.
Total.
Algoma District
5
20
42
.. ..„.
27
2
5
Brant
1
31
Bruce
Carleton
i
2
3
69
2
Duff erin
Elgin
Essex
3
1
3
1
31
40
11
23
1
7
3
3
5
36
13
34
1
42
63
Frontenac
1
Grey
9
10
7
2
60
30
86
16
13
Haldimand
Halton
10
Hastings
3"
1
5
7
96
Huron . .
2
1
2
1
3"
Kent
43
120
Ijanark .
1
Leeds and Grenville
Lennox and Addington
1
8
87
i"
64
1
Lincoln
9
Middlesex
Muskoka District
5
4
9
151
Norfolk
21
4
1
66
3
48
1
1
11
2
5
24
4
18
5
1
1
32
Northumberland and Durham
6
■ Ontario
6
Oxford
Peel
1
2
3
90
7
Perth
1
1
66
Peterborough
6
Prescott and Russell
2
Prince Ed ward
1
Renfrew
.5
]
1
9
17
3
13
6
28
1
8
9'
8
4
11
9
2.5
13
Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry
1
1
1
Victoria
18
25
Welland
7
24
Wentworth ....
15
53
Not Classed
Total admissions
15
14
29
666
387
1053
39
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 5.
Shewing the length of residence in the Asylum of those discharged during
the year ending 30th September, 1889.
No.
Initials.
Sex.
When Admitted.
When Discharged.
Remarks.
1917
R. W
M
July 4th
1881
October
13th, 1888
Unimproved .
2862
T. H. 0 ....
M
September 22nd
1888
"
25th, "
Not Insane.
2731
M. C
F . ...
July 13th,
1887
"
30th, "
Recovered.
2811
M. D
F
June 21st
1888
November 5th, "
"
2874
E. D. K
M
October 29ih
1888
"
13th, "
Unimproved .
2492
J. B
M
March 11th
1885
"
20th, "
"
2784
CD
F
February 10th
1888
"
30th, "
Recovered.
2816
D. A. M
M
July 19th
1888
December 19th, "
"
2751
J. H
F
October 4th
1887
"
21st, "
"
2813
W. K
M
July 2nd
1888
"
28th, "
"
2704
D. C
M
March 9th
1887
January
7th, 1889
Improved.
2888
C. M
M
November 30th
1888
"
31st, "
Unimproved.
2839
H. B
F
M.. ..
August 21st,
3rd
1888
1888 ...
February 1st, "
" " 12th, "
Recovered.
2822
M. A. B ....
2818
J. D
F .. ..
2nd
1888
"
19th, "
"
2841
M. S
M
22nd,
"
"
20th, "
Improved.
2810
VV. VV
F
June 21st
"
"
2f!th, "
Recovered.
2823
J. T
M
August 4th
"
March
4th, "
"
2872
R. M
M
October 25th,
1887
"
18th, "
"
2825
M. M
F...
August 7th
1888 ... .
"
21st, "
"
2797
C. W
F
May 10th
"
"
25th, "
"
2877
D. K
M
November 7th
"
"
28th, "
"
2884
M. A. E
M
23rd
"
April
2nd, "
"
2895
W. E. C
M
January 23rd
1889
"
19th, "
"
.1887
J. A. C
M
November 30th
1888
"
24th, "
"
2846
A. M
F . . ,
August 23rd,
1888
"
25th, "
" •
1064
E. S
M
July 5th
1876
May
10th, "
"
2860
E. A
F
September 10th
1888
"
1.5th, "
Improved.
2878
A. K
M
November 12th
"
June
1st, "
Recovered.
2900
E. B
F
February 25th
1889 ....
"
6th, "
Unimproved,
2914
J. M
M
M
M
F
F
F . ...
April 26th
November 11th
August 27th
3rd
November 8th
VI arch 27th
1S86 .....
1888
, 1879';;;;.
1888
July
8th, "
13th, "
18th, "
24th, "
28th, "
2nd, "
Recovered.
2688
J. H
2852
T. H. .
"
2821
J. M
Improved.
1645
E. Y
2790
S.L
<<
2899
0. H
M
F . ..
February 19th
August 6th
1889
1888
4th, "
8th, "
Recovered.
2824
M. A. B
2845
F. J
F
August 23rd
"
"
24th, "
"
2922
J. H
M
June 5th
1889
August
26th, "
Unimproved .
2919
A. R
M
¥ ... .
May 21st
September 10th
1889
1888
Sept.
rioth, "
13th, "
Recovered.
2861
S. D
t(
1220
C.S
F
F
July 24th
February 14th
1877
, 1878
<(
16th, "
27th, "
"
1292
E. B
<»
40
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 6.
Shewing age, length of residence, and proximate cause of death of those who
died during the year ending 30th September, 1889.
No.
2499
1330
447
421
2881
2154
2493
2891
110
2864
2815
2828
2744
1238
1874
118
320
796
2570
1477
1905
2855
444
1720
2685
1918
2763
2930
2666
2938
2807
2693
1866
2195
277
1307
101
312
1790
Initials.
M. P
C. C
N. S. M. .
J. T
M. R
C. S
M. J. R..
W. M. . .
D.G
R. B
M. A. W.
A. J. . .
W. H. W.
B. C
L. M
M. W....
N. R
M. C
F. M
J. S. . .
M. E. G. .
C. A . . . .
E. V
M A
T.-.T
J. M. E..
W. Y
M. A
Q
F. H
E. M. S..
H. P
A. C. S..
P. H
J. A
H.M
H. M. ..
C. J
W.T
Sex.
Age.
M
26
M
51
F
65
F
48
M
74
M
70
F
30
M
83
M
64
M
75
F
29
M
60
M
33
M
59
F
39
F
65
F
55
F
63
F
40
M
54
F
25
M
21
M
68
F
76
M
55
M
29
M
62
M
80
M
25
M
63
F
44
M
74
M
37
F . ..
03
M
63
M
38
M
69
F
64
M
27
Date of Death.
1889
October 2nd, 1888
November 7th,
12th,
21st,
29th,
DecemberlOth,
January 9th,
" 21st;,
February 7th.
nth,
23rd,
24th,
March 1st,
30th,
16th,
25th,
4th,
5th,
17th,
27th,
28th,
2nd,
17th,
21st,
2nd,
2nd,
9th,
nth,
21st,
23rd,
27th,
28th,
September 6th,
7th,
8th,
13th,
15th,
21st,
26th,
April
May
June
July
August
Residence in
Asylum.
3
10
17
17
18
1
11
7
18
18
15
4
10
8
18
9
2
8
1
1
2
8
6
18
11
18
18
8
3
9
1
2
4
7
6
5
6
11
10
1
2
9
9
1
11
2
8
4
9
9
6
9
10
10
23
8
22
2
9
10
29
4
15
16
13
15
23
5
18
2
16
20
17
22
4
3
5
17
5
28
2
3
12
16
18
19
30
11
21
9
23
3
24
Proximate cause
of Death.
Phthisis.
Marasmus.
Phthisis.
Epilepsy.
Exhaustion of Mania
Heart Clot.
Phthisis.
Senile Decay.
Apoplexy.
Senile Decay.
Cancer of Ovary.
Marasmus.
Paresis.
Phthisis.
Pneumonia.
Cancer of Omentum.
Marasmus.
Cancer of Breast.
Phthisis.
Apoplexy.
Epilepsy.
Heart Clot.
Senile Decay.
Paralysis of Heart.
Exhaustion of Mania
Phthisis
Rheumatoid Arthr's.
Senile Decay.
Epilepsy.
Marasmus.
Dysentery.
Senile Decay.
Paralysis.
Peritonitis.
Marasmus.
Epilepsy.
."senile Decay.
Fatty deg'n of Heart.
Epilepsy.
41
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 7.
S'lewing Trades, Callings and Occupations of Patients admitted into the Asylum
during the year ending oOth September, 1889.
TRADES, CALLINGS AND
During the Year.
During Former Years.
OCCUPATIONS.
Males.
Females
Total.
Males.
Females
Total.
Total.
1
1
1
1
5
3
4
3
8
20
2
2
3
2
5
3
4
3
8
20
2
2
3
2
6
Book-keepers • •
Bakers
4
4
3
8
2
2
22
2
2
3
2
Baggage-Master • •
1
1
1
2
9
2
11
46
31
1
1
2
1
1
4
i"
8
557
2
1
2
'"187"
12
9
1
i"
1
"784"
3"
10
11
2
9
2
11
46
31
1
1
2
1
1
191
12
1
8
556
3
1
2
1
9
2
1
1
1
3
784
1
4
396
3
10
1
1
11
8
8
1
9
2
"
9
2
11
46
nipr^Q
31
1
1
2
1
1
3
1
3
1
2
194
13
2
3
8
Farmers
16
16
582
3
1
2
1
9
2
9
2
1
1
1
3
" l"
4
396
1
'
1
2
3
23
23
807
1
■■
4
14
14
410
3
10
1
1
. ^..
8
1
9
1
1
1
2
11
8
8
1
Millers
9
42
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 1 ,— Continued.
Shewin;^ Trades, Callings and Occupations of Patients admitted into the Asylum
during the year ending 30th September, 1889.
TRADES, CALLINGS AND
During the Year.
During
Former
Years.
OCCUPATIONS,
Males.
Females
Total.
Males.
Females
Total.
Total.
31oulder8
8
27
1
1
7
l'
22
1
18
6"
i"
8
27
2
1
29
1
21
2
4
4
4
6
16
10
4
6
8
2
2
29
2
Marble-cutters
1
2^0 occupation
1
1
30
1
2
2
3
2
4
4
4
23
2
4
4
4
f,
Painters
15'rinter.s
1
1
16
10
3
6
17
10
4
6
Railway Foreman
1
1
1
2
2"
1
'""ii"
2
8
20
2
1
1
4
2
4
26
11
1
2
2
8
20
8
Students
Spinners
2
2
22
2
Sisters of Charity
1
Soda water manufacturers
1
t
4
26
l"'
2
1
Stone-cutters
1
1
5
Showmen
2
4
Shoemakers
26
Seamstressses
2
2
13
Soap-ma kers
1
Soldiers
2
1
1
1
2
2
18
6
8
19
4
1
6
1
10
"i"'
7
i"
""2"
'"'"25"
216
2
2
28
6
9
26
4
2
6
1
2
1
6
25
320
2
Ship-builders
2
Teachers
28
6
Tavern-keepers . .
9
Tailors
1
1
27
Tanners . .
4
Toll-gate keepers
2
1
1
7
1
Weavers
2
1
6
1
Waggon-m'ikers
6
Wives
25
Unknown or other employments
104
320
Total
47
34
81
1521
1346
2867
2948
43
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 8.
Shewing causes of insanity, for the year ending 30th September, 1889.
Number
OF Instances in which each Cause was
Assigned.
CAUSES OF INSANITY,
1
In respect of the admissions for the year ending
1
As predisposing cause.
As exciting cause.
30th September, 1889.
Male.
Females
Total.
Males.
2
3
2
1
1
Females
Total.
Moral.
Domestic troubles, including loss of relatives or
5
4
i
1
7
Religious excitement
7
Adverse circumstances, including business troubles.
2
liove affairs, iucluding seduction
1
2
Fright and nervous shocks
1
Physical.
Intemperance in drink
2
2
Intemperance, sexual
5
2
7
Accident or injury
1
1
1
2
1
Puberty and change of life
1
1
1
1
Brain disease, with general paralysis
Brain disease, with epilepsy
3
1
i"
3
Other forms of brain disease
1
Other bodily diseases or disorders, including old age.
1
1
1
Hereditary.
With other ascertained cause in combination
6
6
2
6
8
12
With other combined cause not ascertained
CONGKNITAL.
With other ascertained cause in combination
35
26
61
25
16
41
Total
47
1
34
81
47
34
81
1
44
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 9.
Shewing the Probational Discharges and the result thereof.
Reg.
No.
Sex.
1
Initials.
Date of Probational
Discharge.
Term of Probation.
Result.
2846
F
M
M
M
F
F
F
F
M
F
F
M
F
M
M
F
F
M
F
M
F
M
F
M
M
M
F
F
M
F
M
F
F
F
M
F
M
M
M
F
M
M
M
M
F
A.M
D. A. M . . .
H. B
W. K
S. W
M. D
M. A. B
E. A
E. S
October 18th, 1888....
12th '• ....
15th " ....
" 24th "
25th " ....
30th " ....
November 3rd "
7th " ....
8th "...
10th " ....
16th " ....
21st " ....
20th " ....
21st " ....
2Sth " ....
December 1st "
14th " ....
20th " ....
22nd " ....
24th " ....
27th " ...
Januarj' 10th, 1889....
February 4th "
14th " ....
26th " ....
26th " ....
March 21st " ....
12th " ....
25th " ....
25th " ....
April 5th "
9th " ....
16th " ....
17th " ....
19th " ....
22nd " ....
May 6th " ...
6th " ....
16th " ....
June 4th "
4th " ....
6th " ....
7th " ....
10th " ....
13th " ....
26th " ....
26th " ....
July 1st " ....
2nd " ....
20th " ....
22nd " ....
21th " ....
25th " ....
August 6th "
8th " ....
17th " ....
September 11th " . . . .
18th " ....
6 months
Discharged recovered.
2816
2839
2 "
3 "
2813
2 "
<(
2858
2811
2822
3 "
1 "
3 "
Brought back.
Discharged recovered.
2860
6 "
Discharged improved.
Discharged recovered.
Brought back.
1064
6 "
2 •'
1 week
2754
2790
R. M
S. L
W.W
M. S
D. M
D. K
J. M
M. N
G. S
S. L
2810
3 months
Discharged recovered.
Discharged improved.
Brought back.
Discharged recovered.
Discharged improved.
Discharged recovered.
Brought back.
Discharged improved.
Brought back.
Discharged recovered .
Brought back.
Discharged recovered.
2841
2780
3 "
3 "
2877
3 "
2821
2825
6 "
3 "
2629
2790
1 "
3 "
2787
R. A. T
E. L. Y
E. T
J. W
R. N
M. E
T. H
M. M
N. R
W. E. C
R. N
J. A. C
M.B
M. S
F. J
1 "
1645
2863
6 "
2 "
2410
2872
2 "
1 "
2884
1 '•
2852
3 "
>>
2885
3 "
Brought back.
2871
3 "
2895
6 "
Discharged recovered.
Brought back.
Discharged recovered.
2754
2 "
2887
3 "
2824
3 "
2798
3 "
Brought back.
Discharged recovered.
2845
3 "
6 "
2792
A. M
E. C
A. K
J. N
W. Y
c. s
2893
1 "
Brought back.
Discharged recovered.
2878
2914
3 "
3 "
2763
1220
3 "
3 "
Died at home.
Discharged recovered.
Brought back.
Discharged unimproved.
Brought back.
Discharged recovered.
Died at home.
2831
S. J. s
J. H
S. M
A. R
M. G
S. D
E B
J. M
S. B
3 "
2922
2 "
2333
6 "
2919
3 "
1905
6 "
2861 IF
2 "
Discharged recovered.
Brought back.
1292
2859
F
M
F
M
F
F
M
F
F
M
F
M
3 "
2 "
1440
6 "
2 "
1825
J. H. B
M. F
C. N. S
R. A. M . . . .
F. L
E. E
W. H
R. N
1 H. M
c<
2745
2918
6 "
2 "
,,
2927
2 "
<<
524
3 "
«
2908
2923
2754
3 "
U "
2 "
<(
1775
3 "
((
45
63 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 18P0
SUMMARY OF PROBATION AL DISCHARGES.
Males.
Females
Total.
Males.
Females
Total,
28
30
58
15
io
4
i"
10
5
25
4
1
2
19
7
" unimproved
Died before expiration of leave
i
1
9
2
Absent on probation on 30th September, 1889
28
30
58
TABLE No. 10.
Shewing in quinquennial periods the ages of those admitted, recovered and
died during the year.
Admitted.
Recovered,
Died.
AGES.
to
a
o
H
73
an
s
'3
o
H
-2
a
3
1 1.^ " •2(\ "
5
3
5
3
10
3
1
i
1
4
' 20 '
'25 " ....
1
1
' 25 '
•30 " ....
9
6
15
5
3
8
4
2
6
> 80
'35 " ....
4
6
10
1
1
2
1
1
2
' 35
'40 " ....
6
4
10
3
1
4
2
1
3
' 40 '
'45 " ....
7
4
11
4
1
5
2
2
' 45
'50 " ....
2
2
4
2
2
1
1
' 50
'55 " ....
2
2
4
i
2
3
1
2
3
' 55
' 60
'60 " ....
'65 " ....
1
1
2
3
1
2
5
3
2
1
1
8
' 65
'70 " ....
3
3
....
2
2
4
- 70
' 75 " ....
3
3
2
4
4
' 75
' 80
' 80 "
1
1
1
1
'85 "
2
2
2
2
' 85
'90 " ...
' 90
'95 "
1
47
34
1
To
tal
81
19
13
32
24
15
46
I
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 11.
Shewing the duration of insanity, length of residence and period of treatment,
etc., during the year ending 30th September, 1889.
PERIODS.
Duration of insanity prior to
admission.
Length ojP residence of those
remaining in Asylum on
30th September.
Periods of treatment of those
who were discharged cured
during the year.
Periods of treatment of those
who were discharged im-
pi-oved during the year.
Periods of treatment of those
who were discharged un-
improved during the year.
Under one month
9
6
8
2
2
4
6
2
3
3
2
4
2
3
6
4
3
1
4
1
1
1
3
9
7
5
3
10
3
3
5
1
8
6
50
22
40
49
37
40
44
60
44
45
39
130
248
1
1
From 1 to 2 months
1
2
1
6
3
3
2
2
2
1
3
2
„ 2 H 3
3 „ 4
2
1
4 „ 5
„ 5 M 6 M
1
G „ 7 .,
7 n 8
„ 8 H 9 H
1
9 „ 10
„ 10 „ 11
1
„ 11 .,12 „
„ 12 „ 18
1
1
II 18 months to 2 years
H 2 to 3 years
1
3 „ 4 „
1
4 M 5 M
5 M 6 M
„ 6 „ 7
7 M 8 n
1
8 „ 9 M
„ 9 ,1 10 .■
3
1
1
.. 10 M 15 „
.. 15 „ 20 „
II 20 years and upwards
1
Totals
81
908
32
6
7
47
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 12.
Shewing the nature of employment and the number of day's work performed by
patients during the year ending 30th September, 1889.
NATURE OF EMPLOYMENT.
Carpenter's shop
Tailor's bhop
Shoe shop
Engineer's shop
Blacksmith's shop
Mason work
Repairing roads
Wood yard and coal shed
Bakery
Laundry
Daii
Jairy
Butcher's shop and slaughter house .
Piggery .
c " S
B 0) O
5
3
19
2
Days Worked.
Males.
2599
329
599
845
989
1484
949
1822
365
1260
Females.
4003
365
Total.
2599
329
599
845
989
1484
949
5825
730
1260
Painting
Parm
Garden .
Grounds
5
27
28
1542
8040
8156
1542
8040
8156
Stable
Kitchen
Dining rooms . . .
■Officers' quarters
Sewing rooms . . .
Xnitting
Spinning.
Mending.
Wards . .
Halls . . .
7
28
34
2100
2555
2919
5938
7269
96
111
11
278
28742
33103
3226
21C0
8493
10188
28742
33381
3226
Storeroom . . .
General
Total
274
3
162
836
48739
834
46269
132673
40937
2329
125912
8967G
834
48598
258585
.-'S
63 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1860
TABLE No. 13.
Shewino^ the Counties rand Districts from which the patients remaining in
residence on the ;30th September, 1889, were originally received.
COUNTIES AND DISTRICTS.
Males.
Females.
Total.
Algoma District
1
6
36
1
2-
8
29
3
3
Brant
14
Bruce
65
4
Dufferin
Dundas
1
3
29
24
3
1
4
30
33
2
7
Elgin
59
Essex
57
Frontenac
5
Glengarry •.
2
7
4
2
6
38
28
40
2
2
2
Grey
4
2
1
4
38
30
53
3
11
Haldimand
Halton
Hastings
6
3
10
Huron
76
Kent
58
Lambton
93
Lanark
5
2
Lennox and Addington
2
1
92
'>
Lincoln
1
Middlesex
Musk'ika Oistrict
96
188
Nijjissing District
Norfolk
2
2
2
33
6
1
5
31
8
Northumberland
3
7
Oxford
64
Parry Sound District
Peel .
2
38
4
22
3
1
(j
60
Peterborough
3
1
Prince Ed ward
1
1
Renfrew
6
3
6
2
5
Thunder Bay District
3
5
16'"
10
2
9
l""
5
15
4
Waterloo
14
Welland
1
o
Wen tworth
York
5
31
14
Total
452
456
908
i(A)
49
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 15.
Shewino- number of articles passed through the Laundry during the year ending
30th September, 1889.
Dresses
Skirts
Aprons
Pinafores
Chemises
" flannel
Drawers
NightdresseB . . .
Waists '. .
Caps
Col'ars
Cuffs, pairs of . . .
Shawls
Bonnets
Neckties
Handkerchiefs..
Bibs, etc. .
Gloves, pairs of .
Stockings
Socks ...
Guernseys
Shirts
" flannel. . .
Coats
Pants . . .
Vests
Blouses
No.
12121
8464
34518
187
34883
1708
20318
14269
2586
684
15235
2785
2
2
2223
65440
2044
25
25104
24884
3477
28292
4'.)08
1229
1767
665
743
Blouse, pants
Overalls
Blankets
Quilts
" canvas
Sheets .'
Pillowslips
Pillow.shKms
Pillowticks
Bedticks
Hair mattrasses . . . .
Towels
Crumb cloths
Stair linens
Bolsterslips
Bureau covers
Tablecloths
Tablecovers
Tablenapkins
Tray cloths
Curtains and blinds.
Carriasce lap robes . .
Pudding cloths
Clothes bags
Total.
No.
279
35
6891
9221
84
105133
60470
148
32
11425
31
55873
43
44
280
595
9611
2
4924
129
109
22
2178
205
576477
TABLE No. 16.
Shewinty number of articles made and repaired in Tailor's Shop during the year
ending 30th September, 1889.
Made.
Repaired.
Made.
Repaired.
51
59
3
14
10
Blouses
551
" pants
112
OveraUs
Buffalo robes '
S
262
455
79
2
Total
Vfiata
113
1488
• .
CUT.
Coats 383
Pants 708
Vests 354
Blouses 135
" pants 42
Ovoralls 18
Total 1640
50
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 18S0
TABLE No. 17.
Shewing amount of Knitting done in Wards during the year ending 30th
September. 1889.
Pairs.
807
254
1472
296
143
Pairs.
Gloves
1
Hoods
2
Socks .
Total
3035
" refooted
Hoods crocheted
Mitts
145
TABLE No. 18.
Shewing amount of work done in Shoemaker's Shop during the year ending 30th
September, 1889.
Slippers canvas
" carpet
" leather
Brogans
Boots, men's . . .
" women's.
" cloth . . .
Total
Repairs.
Soles
Heels ,
Patches
Seams
Total
Pairs.
661
817
655
572
2705
TABLE No. 19.
Shewing number of articles made and repaired in the Sewing Room during the
year ending 30th September, 1889.
Made.
88
47
102
20
2
3
4
3
Repaired.
Made.
Repaired.
Dresses
3
8
Pillowticks
GO
4
38
6
3
54
52
48
1
1
Pillows, feather
Shrouds
Aprons ,
Carpets
6
65
1113
109
Curtains
3
Shirts .
Blinds
" flannel
Tablecloths
Nightdresses
Tablenapkins
5
Violin case
i
198
57
1
Mattrasses
1
Slipper, upper, iiairs of
" cloth
Blankets
26
Bonks, covered
6
Boots
] Quilts
15
2718
89
108
5
Towels
17
3
Ticks
35i
1
Carriage rugs
Sheets
Total
1180
4274
51
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 20.
Shewing number of articles made and repaired in the Wards during the year
ending 30th September, 1889.
Dresses . . ;
" uniform. . .
Aprons
" uniform
Chemises . .
' ' flannel ....
Drawers
Nightdresses
Caps, v/omen's
' ' men's
Collars
Waists .
Neckties
Skirts
Guernseys
Shirts
" flannel
Coats
Pants
Vests
Blouses
" Pants
Overalls
Socks, pairs of
Stockings, pairs of.
Sheets
Pillowslips
Made.
1062
46
715
80
794
46
441
110
42
121
<)
3
9.5
646
928
123
383
708
354
135
43
18
1657
1403
Repaired.
2962
7
2413
20
2362
221
1734
780
1962
79
1339
316
89
149
22
1417
2955
928
395
Quilts
" canvas. . .
Blankets
Ticks
Towels
Bolster slips
Bureau covers . .
Mattr.isses ....
Piilowticks
LaunJry wraps.
Sacks
Pud'iing cloths .
Crumb cloths. . .
Tablecloths
Table covers . . .
Table napkins..
Mats
Lambrequins
Baskets
Chaiis recovered
Piano stool
Sofa
Chairs, cane, reseated
" painted and varnished
Total
Made.
13
739
2200
6
31
263
32
28
16
160
2
75
19
48
3
28
197
Repaired.
377
202
3533
13824
12
12
1
1
45
110
24566
52
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No, 10). A. 1890
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MEDICAL SUPERINTENDENT OF THE
ASYLUM FOR THE INSANE, KINGSTON.
KiNGSTox, Oct. 1st, 1889.
To the Inspector of Prisons, Public Charities, Ontario :
Sir.— In accordance with tlie statutory requirement I have the honor to submit the
Thirty-fourth Annual Report of this Asylum, (the twelfth since it became a Provincial
institution) for the year ending September 30th 1888.
Males. Females. Total.
There were in residence on October 1st, 1888. 324 344 688
Admitted during the year 52 55 107
Total number under treatment during the year 376 399 775
Discharged daring the year :
Recovered 16 22 38
Improved 9 5 14
Unimproved 3 2 5
Total 28 29 57
Died during the year 21 13 34
Eloped 1 . . 1
Transferred 1 . . 1
Remaining in residence on 30th Sept. 1889., 325 357 682
Average daily population during year 326.496 355, 681.416
Yearly cost per capita, $132.97.
Admissions.
The admis.sions were 107, and for the first time in the Asylum history the patients
admitted by ordinary process outnumbered those who came in under warrant — or, in
other words, the majority of the patients admitted escaped the degradation of being sent to
gaol. This shows that the people of this district are at last being educated to a knowledge
of the fact that it is not necessary to send the unfortunate insane to the gaols in order to
secure their ultimate admission to the asylum. What the conditions of affairs has been
in the past may easily be guessed at when it is stated that of 2,173 patients admitted to
this Asylum, no less than 1,586 passed through the gitols. The proportion oi warrant
cases is still far too large, and it is rarely indeed that the insane should be sent to the
gaols.
As usual, chronic cases have contributed a large proportion of the admissions, no less
than thirty-five having been insane for periods ranging from one to fifteen years. It has
been possible to find room for nearly all of the applicants for admission, and were we
relieved of all the idiots who were transfered to this Asylum from Orillia some years
since, we should bo able to keep pace with the demand for room for some time to come.
Discharges.
The discharges were up to the average and the recovery rate was 35^ per cent, of the
admissions, a satisfactory showing, when the character of the admissions is taken into
consideration.
Deaths.
The death-rate was small, amounting to 4.38 per cent, of the total number of patients
under treatment. Fortunately no deaths from suicide or serious accident have to be
recorded.
53
63 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 10). A. 1890
Training School Foii Nurses.
The school of nurses continues in successful operation, and the nurses who have
nearly completed the course of instruction, have, as a rule, achieved a degree of efficiency
that was not possible under the old state of affairs. So satisfied are we with the success
of the school, that eventually we hope to be able to carry on an educational course for
male attendants. At present there are difficulties in the way that block progress in this
direction, and as long as the staff of attendants is so small it will not be possible to give
lectures to the men without hampering the working of the Asylum — indeed to meet the
requirements of as large a number of patients as we have, at least six more attendants,
(three male and three female) should be added to the staff. Such an addition would
make jDOSsible advances in the care and treatment of our patients that cinnot be thought
of at present. If the proportion of attendants to patients is calculated, it will be seen
that the request is not an unreasonable one. It is an accepted fact that outdoor em-
ployment is of peculiar value in the treatment of insanity, and although we are able to
accomplish much in the way of occupation, a great deal more could be done if the
staff were increased to the proportion recognized by the best authorities as requisite iot
the proper care and management of the insane in asylums.
Cottage for Convalescents.
As you are aware, the large wards of this Asylum make it a difficult matter to pro-
vide convalescents with accommodation that ensures freedom fi'om noise and disturbance
caused by restless and excited patients. As things are no classification that can be made
will gain the end desired. It is recognized that quiet and freedom from excitement are
very necessary factiors in the completion of the cure of patients convale.'cing from mental
disease. Of course the most satisfactory solution of the difficulty would be arrived at by
the erection of a small building for convalescents, furnished and equipped in such a way
that the most favorable results might be looked for. This building would not require to
be large and need not be expensive, as it would not demand any special features in con-
struction. If it is not found possible at present to erect such a home for convalescents,
if a small sum ($500) were })laced at our disposal, we could erect a summer cottage and
gymnasium for convalescing women, on one of the picturesque sites near the lake. This
cottage need not contain dormitories. Such a building as the one described exists at the
McLean Asylum, Boston, Mass., and the authorities speak highly of the beneficial results
arising from its use,
Pathologist Required for the Asylums of Ontario.
Although much has been done by Ontai'io in the way of ameliorating the condition
of the unfortunate insane, still, if this Province is to keep abreast of the times, more
must be accomplished in the way of making scientific investigations regarding the exact
causes and pathology of mental disease. That this is not done in any of our asylums goes
without saying ; and that it cannot be done satisfactorily by the present staffs is quite
evident to those who are in the best position to judge. If the duties of asylum physicians
were purely medical, if they were at liberty to devote their whole time to scientific
pursuits something might be accomplished ; but this is not possible, and cannot easily be
made possible. True, advances have been made in the treatment of insanit}^, and wonder-
ful improvements have been established in the care of the insane, but, in spite of all this,
the proportion of cures has not advanced as we might expect. The reason is not far to
seek. Until a comparatively recent date the functions of the brain have not been clearly
understood, and even now we are merely on the threshold of discoveries that will make
the physiology of the brain a very different study from the crude j^eneralizations and
guesses of the past. If the physiology of the brain in health has not been understood, it
is not difficult to comprehend that there has been much groping in the dark regarding the
physiology of the brain in disease.
54
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 10). A. 1890
We are in the right road, and are able to apply the knowledge at our disposal, but
ordinarily we have to deal with effects, without fully understanding the causes. We are
not to blame for this st;ue of affairs, as it has not been possible to obtain the knowledge
required, and we can but join in the search for further light. The accurate study of
pathology needs special knowledge, special appliances, and a properly equipped laboratory
at all times. There is enough material at hand to keep a pathologist constantly employed,
and it" a skilled pathologist, centrally located, say in a laboratory in Toronto, were
entrusted with the examination of the material su|>plied by the different asylums, good
results would certainly follow, and Ontario would contribute her share in the develop-
ment of scientific knowledge regarding the pathology of insanity.
General Remarks.
The wards are gradually undergoing a chaftge for the better in appearance, and
everything possible is being done to remove the " institutional " look that is so irritating
to many minds. It will take some years to make the thousand and one " knick-knacks "
necessa'-y to furnish the asylum, but in the meanwhile the manufacture of thesi articles
is giving employment to patients who cannot do anything else. The improvements made
have interested the patients, who have taken a pride in keeping things up to the mark.
Within a reasonable time it is hoped to have the so-called refractory wards the most
attractive and artistic in the house. That good results are bound to follow is not doubted
for one moment, as past experience has proved that it pays to do everything possible to
interest the worst patients. It is not to be imagined for a moment that violent excite-
ment is to be immediately dispelled by attractive surroundings, but if such things have a
place in everyday life, they are certainly not out of place in asylum wards.
Occupation has as usual received its .share of attention, and possibly the " Brass
Band " has been one of the most successful among the new occupations established within
the last two years.
Amusements have not been neglected, and it has been found possible to furnish a
good deal of variety. " At Homes," Pir^nics, Steam Yacht Excursions, Dramatic Per-
formances, Mhistrel Performances, Comic Opera, Sailing Races, Skiff Races, Base Ball
Matches, etc., have all been on the list, and on the whole the amusements have been of a
better class than ever before.
Thanks.
We have again to thank the city clergymen who have conducted divine service
during the year ; the Directors of the Midland Fair, who permitted the patients to attend
the exhibition, and many others who have kindly and quietly contributed to the happi-
ness of the patients.
Farm and Garden.
The potato crop, which is of great importance to us, was a failure, although the large
yield of oats, etc., brought the general results of farming operations up to a fair average.
The Newcourt property recently acquired will never be of great value to us unless
properly drained.
The time has arrived when a change is absolutely necessary in the cow stables. The
present cow stables seem to have been erected as a temporary expedient, certainly they
are unsuitable for the purpose required. As you are aware, they will not furnish accom-
modation for the CDws necessary to supply the quantity of milk demanded for the asylum
wards, and in addition to being badly drained and ventilated, they are open to condem-
nation from a sanitary standpoint. The .slaughter house} is part and parcel of the cow
stables. Such an arrangement is absolutely wrong and should not exist. The arguments
against it are not difficult to supply.
55
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 10). A. 1890
Officers and Employees.
On the 30th April, 1889, Dr. T. Millman, who for some years filled the position of
Assistant iledical Superintendent efficiently and satisfactorily, left the service to engage in
private practice, and Dr. .T. Robinson, of London Asylum, was transferred to Kiugston
and appointed to the position left vacant by the resignation of Dr. Millman.
In February, 1889, Miss Marion V. Wilson, trained nurse, was appointed Matron
of Brockville Hospital, and was succeeded here by Miss H. Hollingworth.
In May, Henry Scott, baker, and Margaret Mills, nurse, died. Both were faithful
and industrious employees.
On the whole the different members of the staff have been cheerful and zealous in
the performance of their duties, and if a few little grievances, such as the small pay of
the male attendants, referred to in last year's report, were remedied, there would be
little ground for complaint. *
I have the honor to be,
Sir, your obedient servant,
C. K. CLAEKE,
Medical Supk
56
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
ANNUAL STATISTICAL REPORT
Of the operations of the Asylum for Insane, Kingston, for the year ending 30th
September, 1889.
TABLE No. 1.
Shewing movements of patients in the Asylum for the official year ending
30th September, 1889.
Male.
Female .
Total.
Male.
Female .
Total.
Remaining, October 1st, 1888
324
344
668
Admitted during year : —
By Lieutenant-Governor's Warrant
21
19
40
" Medical Certificate
31
3G
67
52
376
55
107
Total number under treatment during year
399
77.f)
Discharges during year ; —
As recovered.
IG
22
38
' improved
9
5
14
" unimproved
3
2
5
Total number of discharges during year
28
29
57
Died
21
13
34
Eloped
1
1
Transferred
1
1
51
42
93
Remaining in Asylum, 30th September, 1889
325
1273
357
682
Total number admitted since opening of Asylum ....
" discharged
1
1007
2280
470
348
IG
344
237
823
585
16
" died
" eloped
" transferred
105
69
1
174
948
650
1598
" remaining, 30th September, 1889 . . .
325
357
G82
1
7
3
10
1
Number of applications on file 30th Sept., 1889
5 lA.)
57
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 2.
Shewing the maximum and minimum number of patients resident in the Asylum,
the total number of days' stay of patients, and the daily average number of\^
patients in the Asylum, from the 1st October, 1888, to 30th September, 1889.
Male.
Female .
Total.
Maximum number of patients in residence (on the 27th of May, 1889)
Minimum " " " (on the 2nd of Oct., 1888)
Collective days' stay of all patients in residence during year
Daily average population
331
322
119121.84
326.416
360
344
129575
355
691
666
248696.84
681 416
Admissions of
Year.
Total Admissions.
SINCE Opening.
,
Male.
Female .
Total.
Male.
Female.
Total.
Social State.
Married )
Widowed )
Single
Not reported . .
26
26
30
25
56
51
505
768
519
488
1024
1256
Total
52
8
8
12
55
9
10
17
107
1273
1007
2280
Religion.
17
18
29
203
289
207
21
1
405
167
191
190
25
2
351
370
480
397
46
Congregationalists
3
Roman Catholics
20
19
39
756
Menn'inites
Infidels
__.
•
Other denominations
2 ;
2
2
121
26
66
15
187
Not reported
2
41
Total
52
55
107
1273
1007
2280
Nationalities.
1
12
3
35
1
1
5
2
46
1
2
17
5
81
2
114
248
61
720
55
219
65
574
169
467
126
Canadian .
1294
13 10
23
46
71
1273
17
67
1007
63
138
Total ;
52
55
107
2280
58
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No, lO).
A. 18^0
TABLE No. 3.
Shewing the Counties from which patients have been admitted up to 80th
September, 1889.
Admitted Durin
G Year.
Total Admissions.
COUNTIES.
Male.
Female .
Total.
Male.
Female .
Total.
Algoiiia D. strict
1
6
3
137
2
7
6
119
3
Brant
13
9
Carleton
Dufiferin
13
6
19
256
Elgin
2
2
180
6
6
3
59
6
2
12
91
95
66
I
1
19
14
4
10
8
33
27
45
12
102
4
2
154
9
1
1
52
5
2-
83
72
56
4
«
5
46
22
4
1
9
12
25
28
25
12
92
fj
4
Erontenac
Grey
10
9
19
334
15
Haldimand . . . ,
13
Halton
4
4
4
^ 8
ill
11
Kent
2
Lambtun
14
Lanark
4
6
1
7
4
6
11
10
7
174
167
122
13
Lennox and Addington
Middlesex . . .
14
Muskoka District .
1
Norfolk
12
Northumberland and Durham
1
1
70
41
Oxford
18
Peel . . ....
5
Perth
19
Peterborough
Prescott and Russell
Prince Edward
2"
4
1
1
2
2
1
1
4
6
2
20
58
Renfrew
70
Simcoe ....
24
Stortnont, Dundas and Glengarry
Thunder Bay District
6
12
18
194
4
10
6
5
13
37
198
13
4
4
4
15
52
43
17
Waterloo. . . ....
14
Welland ...
10
Wellington . ...
9
Wentworth
1
1
28
York
89
Not Classed . . ....
241
52
55
107
1273
1007
2280
59
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 4.
Shewing* the Counties from which warranted cases have been admitted up to
30th September, 1889.
Admitt
Male.
ED During Year.
Total Admissions.
COUNTIES.
Female.
Total.
Male.
Female .
Total.
1
(i
3
115
2
7
5
99
3
Brant •
13
8
5
2
7
214
Elein
2
2
113
6
6
2
53
6
2
12
78
69
53
9
6
4
2
82
9
G
........
5
2"
72
48
36
4
4
6
Essex
4
1
1
195
15
12
2
4
3
7
94
11
Kent
2
Lambton • • •
o
1
1
3 '
3
2
5
4
3
14
1.50
Leeds and Grenville
117
89
13
10
Norfolk
7
23
18
14
4
10
8
27
17
38
11
88
4
10
fJ
4
12
33
21
899
6
35
21
3
1
9
7
23
15
17
11
<54
12
4
4
4
12
48
4
727
12
1
1
58
39
Oxford
17
Peel . .
5
Pprth
19
1
1
1
3
15
■■■ 2
50
32
1
1
55
22
Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry
4
3
7
152
16
1
14
Welland .
10
1
s
1
24
81
25
21
19
40
1626
GO
53 Victoria,
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 5.
Shewing the length of residence in the Asylum of those discharged during
the year ending 30th September, 1889.
Initials.
Sex.
W. J. C. S . .
W. B. G . . . .
E. B
A. R
J. M
W. L
J. McD
L. McS
P. C. D
T. ))
F. S
J. H
P. S
A. D
G. McA
C P
C.' McN '.'.'.'.!
E. C. D
T. M
A. H
S. A
M. H
E. C
F. B. K . . .
D. Q
P. McG
A. T
M. D
J. K
J. F
J. A. F
M. Y. L
\v. T. H
E. M. H . . . .
T. S....
C. H
M. L. A
J. McN
CM
M. S
W. D
E. F
F. A
A. McM ....
S. H. T ....
S. V
E. J. O
R. R. G
E. De R. R .
M. B
I-B I
J. A. McC .
M. F
J. McD . . .
W. F. M...
M. G
A. McN ....
M..
M..
F ..
F ..
F...
M..
M..
F ..
M..
M..
M..
F ..
M..
F ..
M..
M..
F..
M..
M..
M..
F ..
F..
F ..,
M..
M..
M...
F ..
M..
M..
M..
F ..
F ..
M..
F ...
M..
M..
F ..
M..
F ..,
r ..
M...
F...
F ...
M...
M...
F ...
F...
M. ,
F...
F...
F...
F...
F...
V ...
M. ..
F...
F. .
When Admitted.
September 24th
January 23rd
August
20th
20tb
7th
23rd
10th
7th
April
March
March
October
September 18th
August 4th
September 7th
May 18th
October 12th
July
March
May
June
October
21st,
2.5th
20th
loth
19th
November 16th
18th
27th
30th
28th
29th
May
March
June
August
January
December 26th
April 14th
December 29th
Septemder 6th
October 26th
20th
November 13th
August 9th
December 29th
November 25th
June 11th
December 24th
February 12th
November .5th
June 19th
JuJy 17th
April 30th
September 7th
November 22nd
January 19th
Novemiaer 28th
August 9th
September 29th
May nth
March 17th
February 23rd
January 26th
December 12th
December 11th
February 20th
May 4th
Augu'it 10th
June 18th,
1886.
1884.
1888.
1887 !
1888.
1884.
1886.
1888.
1887.
1888.
1887.
1888..
1887 ,
1888..
1888.
1888
1888.
1888.
1888,
1888 . ,
1889.
1888..
1886..
1887.,
1888..
1888.
1887
1SS8.,
1888 .
1888. ,
1888.
1889.
1888 . ,
1889.,
1888.,
1889..
1888..
1885 .
1888 .
1888 ,
1886..
1884..
1888..
1886..
1889..
1889 . .
1884..
1889 . .
1888..
1888 .
1889..
1889..
1888..
1888 .
When Discharged.
October 2nd, 1888.
17th, " .
Novemberllth, " .
14th, " .
16th, " .
20th, " .
December 13th, " .
19th, " .
" 24th, " .
26th, "
26th, " .
27th, " .
31.st, " .
31st, " .
January 2nd, 1889.
12th, " .
17th, " .
26th, " .
February 19th, " .
23rd, " .
March
April
Mav
July
August
Sept.
7th,
7th,
7th,
8th,
12th,
28th.,
1st,
16th,
30th,
10th,
31st,
7th,
8th,
12th,
15th,
18th,
20th,
26th,
3rd.
8th,
12th,
17th,
17th,
17th,
24th,
31st,
Cth,
13th,
loth,
24th,
24th,
30th,
30th,
.30th,
2nd,
flth,
28th,
Remarks.
Improved.
Unimproved .
Improved.
Recovered.
Improved.
Recovered..
Improved,
a
Recovered.
I TT-
Unimproved .
Recovered.
Improved.
Recovered.
Improved.
Unimproved.
Recovered.
Improved.
Recovered.
Improved.
Recovered.
Improved.
Recovered.
Unimproved .
Recovered.
61
63 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 18&0
TABLE No. 6.
•Shewing age, length of residence, and proximate cause of death of those who
died during the year ending 30th September, 1889.
Initials.
Sex.
Age.
Date of Death.
Residence in
Asylum.
Proximate cause
No.
i
S
o
1
0
of Death.
594
370
1264
2091
600
1126
2083
1688
1209
1338
864
2113
1503
2112
2145
2162
2208
1066
1680
1569
2105
1288
2132
2245
J. D
M. W
F. P. S
J. R
A. C
S. McM ....
T. C. K
A. F
J. McF
J. W
E. R
G. L
C. J. F
J. McQ
F. C .
A. McL
E. B
D. McG
E. M.
M. F
M. L
M. F
J. F
A. A. A
N. B
E. G
J. S
M
F
M
M
M... .
F
M
M
M
M
F. ..
M
F
M
M
F
F
M
M
F
M
F
F
M
M
F
M
F
M
M
F
M
F
M
51
70
34
46
46
65
44
28
57
70
50
31
40
53
67
76
30
80
60
69
65
62
39
44
32
40
70
60
48
66
63
46
64
36
October 1st, 1888..
3rd, " ..
12th, " ..
Novemb'rllth, " ..
17th, " ..
17th, " ..
19th, " .
December23rd, " . .
January ISth, 1889. .
30th, " . .
February 23rd. " . .
27th, " ..
March 2nd, " . .
12th, " ..
16th, " ..
. " 21st, " ..
24th, " ..
28th, " ..
April 8th, " ..
29th, " ..
30th, " .
May 9th, " ..
21st, " ..
June 2nd, " . .
18
19
8
1
18
10
1
3
9
7
14
1
5
1
ii
4
5
1
8
4
10
7
5"
7
1
11
8
6
9
9 '
7"
6
2
6
5
1
3
10
11
10
26
11
21
18
30
23
3
19
21
6
22
23
12
26
7
3
8
19
19
3
15
18
17
2
25
1
4
25
22
9
2
18
Epilepsy.
Heart Disease.
Diarrhoea.
Aneurism.
Exophtholmic Goitre
Chronic Cystitis.
Exhaustion of Mania
Phthisis.
Bright's Disease.
Senile Decay.
Rupture of Heart.
General Paresis.
do
Marasmus.
General Paresis.
Diarrhoea.
Dysentery.
Senile Decay.
Gangrene.
Pleart Disease.
Senile Decay.
Heart Disease.
General Paresis.
do
2003
1790
2250
3rd, " .
5th, " ..
25th, " ..
July 3rd, " ..
3rd, " ..
August 12th, " ..
14th, " ..
20th, " .
27th, " .
Septembr 26th, " .
23
9
3
22
3
5
7
s"
3
9
9
1
9
1
Cerebral Effusion.
Gastin Ulcer.
Gangrene.
Cerebral Effusion.
Phthisis.
Marasmus.
Exh'n. of Ch. Mania.
Peritonitis.
Marasmus.
Paralysis.
1755
275
1238
1733
317
1825
2270
A. J
A. B. McD..
C. S
E. D
P. B
C. C
1). J. D
62
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 7.
Shewing Trades, Callings and Occupations of Patients admitted into the Asylum
during the year ending oOth September, 1889.
TRADES, CALLINGS AND
During the Year.
During Former Years.
OCCUPATIONS.
Males.
Females
Total.
Males.
Females
Total.
Total.
Agents
1
1
1
1
3
1
7
1
1
23
2
3
1
1
4
6
56
27
8
5
1
3
3
2
3
9
15
""l"
2
3
347
2
3"
291
21
2
3
1
7
1
1
23
2
3
1
1
4
6
50
27
8
5
4
3
3
2
3
2
306
21
1
2
3
349
2
4
Book-keepers
Bakers
2
Bricklayers
1
Butchers
1
Blacksmiths
1
1
24
Barbers
2
3
Bankers
1
Basket makers
1
Commercial travellers
4
Coopers
6
1
3
1
1
3
1
57
Clerks
30
Clergymen
9
Carriage-makers
5
Cooks
4
Carders ......
3
Captains of steamboats
3
Custom-house officers
2
Carters
3
Cheese makers
2
Domestic servants, all kinds
1
11
3
12
3
318
Dressmakers
24
Detectives
1
Druggists
Engineers
Farmers
1
1
21
1
1
1
22
3
4
371
2
Factory Gii Is
1
1
1
Gardeners
1
1
1
1
1
1 "
1
Gentlemen
1
1
Gun-smith
1
8
i"
1
2
1
335 ;
"19"
9"
1
8
19
1
1
2
1
335
2
2
1
Harness-makers
8
Housekeepers
1
]
2
20
2
■f
0
Janitors
Labourers
1
7
2
7
2
1
3i2
4
Lumbermen
2 1
2
63
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 1 .—Continued.
Shewing Trades, Callings and Occupations of Patients admitted into the A.sylum
during the year ending 30th September, 1889.
1
TRADES, CALLINGS AND
During the Ykar.
During
Former
Years.
OCCUPATIONS.
Males.
Females
Total.
Males.
Females
Total. ;
Total.
Milliners
1
1
1
4"
11
1
3
2
17
1
1
3"
50
171
24
1
2
2'"
""46"
18
1
4
U
1
3
2
17
\
70
292
32
1
. 13
5
2
r>
2
1
1
2
12
6
T
39
46
2
10
31
5
15
2
2
Masons
1
5
Machinists
u
Matchmaker.s
1
Millers
3
Moulders
2
Merchants . .
2
2
19
Mechanics ....
1
Music-teachers
3
No occupation . , >
Not stated
2
!)
11
20
121
8
81
292
Other occupations
32
Prostitutes .... ......
1
Painters .
13
5
2
6
2
1
1
""i2"
(>
13
Printers
5
Peddlers
2
Physicians
Pump-makers
1
1
7
2
Railway Foremen
Registrars
1
1
Spinsters
1
1
1
3
Sailoi-s
Students
1
13
6
2
Stone-cutters
1
39
2'
10
13
5
15
2
1
Shoemakers
39
Seamstressses
2
2
48
Station-masters ... .
2
10
31
Tinsmiths ...
1
1
1
1
t>
16
Tailors
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
7
1
1220
"'289'"
8
953
2
1
289
15
1
2173
1
3
1
20
1
20
2
309
1
17
1
Total
52
55
107
2280
64
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 8.
Shewing causes of insanity, for the year ending 30th September, 1889.
Number of Instances in which each Cause was
Assigned.
CAUSES OF INSANITY.
1
In respect of the admissions for the year ending
As predisposing
cause.
As exciting cause.
30th September, 1889.
Male.
Females
Total.
Males.
Females
Total.
Moral.
Domestic troubles, including loss of relatives or
friends
2
5
2
2
5"
Religious excitement
2
Adverse circumstances, including business troubles.
Love affairs, including seduction
1
1
4
2
2
6
2
Mental anxiety, ' ' worry "
7
Fright and nervous shocks
Physical.
Intemperance in drink
1
1
2
2
Intemperance, sexual
Venereal disease
1
1
4
i'"
2
1
2
6
Self-abuse, sexual
Over- work
1
1
2
Sunstroke
Accident or injury
Pregnancy
1
3
2
2
2
2"
1
2
\
Puerperal
3
Lactation
2
Puberty and change of life
1
1
2
2
Uterine disorders
Brain disease, with general paralysis
3
1
1
5
1
3
Brain disease, with epilepsy
3
Other forms of bxain disease
2
Other bodily diseases or disorders, including old age.
Fevers
2
1
3
7
1
Hereditary.
With other ascertained cause in combination
7
8
16
10
23
18
With other combined cause not ascertained
Congenital.
With other ascertained cause in combination
With other combined cause not ascertained
32
26
58
23
23
46
Total
52
1
55
1
107
i
52
55
107
65
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 9.
Shewinff the Probational Discharges and the result thereof.
Reg.
No.
1981
2161
2124
2049
20(18
2172
2144
208.5
2169
2166
2134
1688
2177
2089
2176
2130
2191
2164
2138
2125
2163
1684
2180
1694
2203
2085
2154
2216
2218
1863
2209
2190
2207
2192
2199
2193
2227
2152
2240
2213
2217
2231
2222
2159
2229
2136
2246
2233
2234
2140
2097
2264
2251
2230
Sex.
F...
F....
M....
I I ....
F....
M....
M....
F .. .
M....
M....
F....
M....
M. . . .
M....
M....
M. . . .
M....
M...,
F ....
F . . . .
F....
M....
M....
F....
M....
F....
F ...
F ...
M...
M...
F...
F...
M...
F ...
F ..
F...
F...
F ...
M....
F....
F ...
F ..
F ...
F ...
F ...
F ...
M....
M. ...
F ....
M...,
F.. .
M....
F ....
M...,
Initials.
L. McS
A. R
G. McA. ..
J. H
A. D
P. C. D. . . .
T. D
S. S
C. P
F. S
C. McN....
A. F
E. C. D. . . .
J. F
P. S
A. H
T. M
M. D
M. H
S. A
E. C
S. H. T. . . .
J. K
M. R
W. L. H. . . .
S. S
M. Y. L. . . .
M. L. A . . . .
J. R. McN.
A. McM....
M. S
J. A. F
J. J. O'R..
F. A.......
J. A. McC.
E. M. H...
J. D. T....
S. V
R. R. G
I. B
I. McD
N.E
E. DeR. R. .
M. G
J. S
A. McN . . . .
H. M
S. C
C. A
W. C
M. J. McM.
T S
M. Mci". '.'.'.'.
A. Y
Date of Probational
Discharge.
Term of Probation.
October
November
December
Januarj'
February
March
April
May
a
June
July
August
September
1889.
12th, 1888.
13th '• .
15th " .
15th " .
17th " .
18th " .
24th " .
30th " .
8th " .
8th " .
16th " ,
24th " .
24th ^' .
1st " .
13th " .
14th " .
18th " .
19th " .
21st " .
24th
2nd,
15th
27th
25th
28th
28th
29th
15th
24th
26th
27th
27th
2nd
16th
23rd
24th
25tli
27th
8th
22nd
23rd
28th
30th
4th
11th
30th
17th
21st
29th
5th
9th
13th
19th
30th
Result.
montlis 1 Discharged recovered.
" improved.
" recovered.
" improved.
" recovered.
Returned to Asylum.
Discharged recovered.
Died.
Discharged recovered.
Brought back.
Discharged recovered.
improved
recovered.
Brought back.
Discharged recovered.
Brought back.
Discharged recovered.
" irmpoved.
Still out.
Discharged recovered.
Brought back.
Discharged recovered.
Still out.
Discharged lecovered.
Still out.
Brought back.
Still out.
66
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 188C
SUMMARY OF PROBATIONAL DISCHARGES.
Males.
Females
Total.
Males.
24
Females
30
Total.
Number to whom probational leave was granted ....
54
Discharged, ivcovered
i3
2
19
3
32
5
' ' improved
" unimproved
Died before expiration of leave
i
3
5
4"'
4
1
7
9
Returned to Asylum ...
Absent on probation on 30th September, 1889. .....
24
30
54
TABLE No. 10.
Shewing in quinquennial periods the ages of those admitted, recovered and
died during the year.
Admitted.
Recoveked.
Died.
AGES.
to
Is
C3
a
"ei
.2
c3
g
"^
CD
S
"S
1
2
4
7
H
^
fH
H
S
0
o
From 10 to 15 years
3
8
il
1
5
12
18
1
1
3
3
3
2
8
1
4
5
11
15 '
20 '
25 '
20 " ....
2 "
30 " ....
1
1
30 '
35 " ....
3
12
15
3
1
4
3
1
4
35 ■
40 " ....
12
4
16
1
3
4
1
2
3
' 40 '
45 " ....
4
4
8
2
2
4
2
1
3
45 '
50 " ...
6
6
12
1
1
5
5
' 50 '
55 " ....
2
2
4
1
2
3
2
1
3
' 55 '
' 60 '
60 "
65 " ....
2
3
3
5
3
1
1
2
3
5
' 65 '
' 70 •
• 75 '
' 80
' 85 '
' 90
70 " ....
75 " ....
80 " ....
'85 " ....
3
2
1
1
1
4
2
2
3
1
3
1
1
6
2
1
1
1
'90 " ...
'95 " ....
Unkn
own
tals
52
To
55
107
16
22
38
21
13
34
67
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 11.
Shewing the duration of insanity, length of residence and period of treatment,
etc., during the year ending 30th September, 1889.
PERIODS.
o
1
1
to
a
0 X
O CO
■■§1
p 03
P
Length of residence of those
remaining in Asylum on
30th September.
Periods of treatment of those
who were discharged cured
during the year.
Periods of treatment of those
who were discharged im-
proved during the year.
Periods of treatment of those
who were discharged un-
improved during the year.
22
12
10
7
2
3
4
4
1
3
2
2
2
5
9
2
5
3
1
1
2
2
3
7
3
10
7
9
15
4
1
7
5
3
10
28
22
44
142
33
56
32
29
18
16
79
66
36
1
1
Prom 1 to 2 months
1
„ 2 1, 3 ,.
2
5
4
2
5
4
3
2
1
3
2
3
1
1
1
, 3 „ 4
„ 4 „ 5
„ 5 „ 6 t,
2
1
„ 6 ,. 7 1
„ 7 „ 8 M
„ 8 M 9 II
1
1
1
2
• 1
„ 9 „ 10 ,1
„ 10 „ 11 ,1 !
„ 11 „ 12 II
„ 12 „ 18 n
II 18 months to 2 years
1
„ 3 „ 4 I,
„ 4 11 5 M
4
1
„ 5 „ 6 ,1
„ 6 „ 7
II 7 „ 8 11
„ 8 11 9 11
„ 9 ,, 10 11 . .
„ 10 1, 15 11
II 15 11 20 11
Totals
107
682
38
14
5
68
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 12.
Shewing the nature of employment and the number of day's work performed by
patients during the year ending ;30th September, 1889.
NATURE OF EMPLOYMENT.
Carpenter's shop
Tailor's shop
Shoe shop
Engineer's shop
Blacksmith's shop
Mason work
Repairing roads
Wood yard and coal shed
Bakery
Laundry
Dairy
Butcher's shop and slaughter house.
Piggery
Painting
Farm
Garden
Grounds
Stable
Kitchen
Dining rooms
Officers' quarters
Sewing rooms
Knitting
Spinning
Mending
Wards
Halls
Storeroom
General
Total
0,S3
S M '^
a ^ ^
S3 O) P
24
Days Wokkbd.
Males. Females.
5021
11
2334
6
1819
1
106
«
1230
5
8G0
3
640
4
718
21
879
10
696
7
1393
3
69G
6
1094
22
4166
12
2213
12
3075
G
1398
12
1089
50
4074
3363
2031
57
53
1
19
1524
7498
1269
17838
16324
200
5062
Total.
502 L
2334
1819
106
1230
860
640
718
4242
2727
1393
696
1094
4166
2213
3075
1398
2613
11572
1269
17838
16324
200
5062
217
656
45640
310
5451
17066
84902
18402
90577
62706
310
23853
175479
69
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 13.
Shewing the Counties and Districts from which the patients remaining in
residence on the 30th September, 1889, were originally received.
COUNTIES AND DISTRICTS.
Algoma District.
Brant
Males.
Females. Total.
Bruce
Carleton . .
Dufferin . . .
Dundas . . .
Durham
Elgin
Essex
Frontenac.
Glengarry .
Grenville.
Grey
Haldimand
Halton . . . .
Hastings . .
Huron .
Kent
Lambton
Lanark
Leeds
Lennox and Addington
Lincoln
4(5
4
1
42
15
3
18
1
30
29
19
2
48
47
9
7
2
23
33
23
23
Middlesex
Muskoka District . . .
Nipissing District . . .
Norfolk
Northumberland
Ontario
Oxford
Parry Sound District .
Peel
Perth
Peterborough
Prescott
Prince Edward
Rainy River District.
Renfrew
Russell
Simcoe
Stormont
Thunder Bay District
Victoria
Waterloo
Welland
Wellington
Wentworth
York
Not classed, unknown, etc
Total
1
4
9
11
17
2
18
10
27
325
1
1
6
10
12
14
4
4
29
3
16
4
357
70
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 14.
Shewing number of Patients transferred to other Asylums.
Initials,
be
<^
38
County
originally Nationality,
admitted
from.
Religion.
Social
state.
Duration
of insanity
prior to
admission.
Admit-
ted by.
Occupation.
Druggist.
Asylum
transferr-
ed to.
W.E.T.
M.
Stormont.
Canadian.
Presbyte-
rain.
Single.
1 week.
Certifi-
cate.
Toronto
71
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 15.
Shewing the number of articles made and repaired during the official year
ending 30th September, 1889.
Articles.
Aprons
Bedticks
Basques, dress
Boots, pairs, men's
" women's.
Blankets
Brackets . .
Boxes, gardener's
Brooms
Brushes, shoe
Bureaus
Bandage rollers
Billiard rack
" cues , '.
Bread racks, baker's .
Benches .
Bedsteads
Caps, women's
Collars, linen
" horse
Curtains, window
" poles
Cushions
Chemises, cotton
" flannel
Cuffs, linen, pair
Clothes bags
Crutches
Chairs
Clothes horses
Cupboards
Closet seats
Coffins
Carts
" wheels .........
Carpets
" rag, yards. . . ,
' sweepers
Counterjjanes
Coats
Dresses
'* night
" strong . ..
Drawers, pairs, men's
" women's
Doors .
Desks for lecture room
Embroidered table covers
' ' mantel drapes . . .
" bracket "
" pillow shams. . . .
" toilet covers
" tray cloths
" sideboard covers.
Made.
537
112
2
10«
9
I ire screen
Floors laid .
Glass CAses .
15
18
753
219
1
1
1
t;
4
54
192
113
90
2
433
20
a
2
11
2
3
18
36
346
14.5
320
87
129
159
10
4
4
1
2
103
30
11
2
1
7
1
Repaired.
1758
140
104
16
160
38
]2
10
2078
56
115
2
2
424
564
2210
1068
238
279
1069
18
Articles.
Glass, ft. set
Grand stand in ball ground ....
Greenhouse 14 x 60 built
House for butcher
Hen coops
Harness sets, single
Halters and bridles
Hame and pole straps
Jackets, women's
Kitchen for butcher built
Knife boards
Lace, yds., knitted & crocheted
Lambrequins
Lumber shed built
Ladders ...
Laundry remodelled
" tubs
" stairs re-bnilt
List boards for wards
Mattresses, hair
" ticks
Mallets, croquet
Musquito nets
M at frames
Mats and rugs
Mitts, pairs
" faced
Music stands
Mop handles
Medicine cabinets
Neckties
Overalls and blouses
Organ
Pillows, hair, made over ......
' ' cases
" ticks
" shams
Petticoats
Pant.s, pairs
Picture frames
Puzzles, ' ' Pigs in Clover, " . . . .
Paste board, baker's
Peels "
Parquet floors laid
Painting, sq yds
" decoration, ft
Refrigerator
Roofs, shingled
Skirt boards, laundrj'
Shelves, sets
Sills to conservatorj'
Sashes, window
Shafts to cart
Snow shovels
Sofas, upholstered
Scrubber handles
Made.
2300
1
1
12
4
1
1
325
29
1
1
6
15
4
4
6
2<i
19
72
9
36
3
234
18
180
743
63
95
71
410
12
6
6
2
4
2
18000
4500
1
3
2
6
2
12
24
10
50
Repaired.
72
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 15.—Contvnu€d.
Shewing the number of articles made and repaired during the official year
ending 30th September. 1889.
Articles.
Scrubber, deck
" hand
" whisk .
Store room built
Sleigh seats
Spinning' reel
Shirts, cotton
" woollen
Socks, pairs
Stockings, pairs, cotton.
" woollen
S un bonnets
Sheets
Shrouds
ippers, leather, pairs . .
" canvas, " . .
Strong quilt
Tables
" cloths
" napkins
Made.
Repaired.
202
2147
3125
1
6
1
248
1160
484
284
816
3013
244
85
3812
58
56
611
1835
28
274
38
310
1
1
12
172
186
84
Articles.
Towels
" rollers
Tray cloths
Toilet covers
Traces, leather, pairs
Uniform dresses
" coats
" pants, pairs
Upholstered chairs . .
Violincello repaired. .
Vests
Wagon cover
Wheel barrows
Whiffle trees
Work benches
Water closet
Wardrobe
Washstand covers
Wood crossing, avenue.
Window blinds
Made.
42
2
11
30
13
14
18
77
1
4
6
2
1
1
75
1
119
Repaired.
1
90
12
■« (A.)
73
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A 1890
TABLE No. 16.
Keturns from Farm and Garden for the official year ending September 30th, 1889.
Amount.
3«50
7600
160
40
120
15
170
185
114
940
160
35
300
1600
15
30
1200
4600
700
360
26
640
35
60
180
16930
484
8199
80
25
77
110
Quantity.
Bunches
Bushels
Quarts .
Heads .
Dozen .
Lbs . . .
Tons . .
Load .
Gallons
Dozen .
Lbs . . .
Pairs . .
Article.
Onions, Parsley, Sage, Thyme, Lettuce, Asparagus,
Savory, Radishes, &c
Rhubarb
Parsnips
Spinach
Green Peas and Beans
Salsify and Artichokes
Tomatoes
Carrots ....
Onions
Potatoes
Beets
Cucumbers .'
Apples
Oats
Pears
Capsicums
Currants, Gooseberries, Strawberries and Raspberries,
Cabbage and Cauliflower
Celery
Green Corn
Melons, Squashes and Citrons
Grapes •
Hay
Straw
Green Fodder
Milk
Eggs
Pork
Sucking Pigs sold
Cows killed
Turkeys
Chickens .*
74
Price.
9 c.
5
6
60
50
1 00
1 00
40
40
1 00
50
40
1 00
80
40
1 50
10
10
8
6
2 00
10
10 00
5 00
50
20
20
1 50
80
Value.
$ c.
182 50
456 00
96 OO
20 00
120 OO
15 00
68 00
74 00
114 00
470 00
64 OO
35 00'
240 00
640 oa
22 50'
3 OO
120 OO-
368 OO
42 OO
45 00-
52 00
64 00-
350 00
300 00-
90 OO
3386 00
96 SO
504 44
167 00
988 50
115 50
88 00
$9397 24
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MEDICAL SUPERINTENDENT OF THE
ASYLUM FOR THE INSANE, HAMILTON.
Hamilton, October Ist, 1889
To the Inspector of Prison.'^ and Public Charities, Ontario :
Sir, — I have the honour to submit herewith the Fourteenth Annual Report of ihis.
Asylum for the year ending, September the 30th, 1889 :
Number of patients in residence, October 1st, 1888 .
Admitted by Lieutenant-Governor's warrant
" Medical certificate
Total number admitted during the year .
Number discharged as recovered
" " improved
'• " unimproved
" " not insane
Total number of discharges during the year
Number (jf transfers
' ' elopements
" deaths
Number admitted to probation
" of those discharged, recovered
" • " improved
" " unimproved
" of these returned to asylum
" of these still out on probation
Remaining in asylum, 30th September, 1889 .
Ratio of discharges, recovered and improved of admissions 43 per cent.
Mortality on number under treatment during the year 5 per cent.
Cost of maintenance per patient for the year ending September,
30th, 1889 $138.22
75
Male. (Female, i Total.
425
57
43
100
26
13
3
1
43
1
4
27
38
16
7
1
4
10
450
407
38
64
102
33
15
5
1
54
22
49
23
6
14
6
433
S32
107-
202-
49.
2H;
8
o
97
1
4
49
87
39
13.
1
18
16
883
^3 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 10). A. 1890
Summ.ari/ of >Statistics.
In the above summary of statistics the most noticeable things are the large number
under treatment during the year, no less than 1,034 having been under our care.
Secondly, the admissions numbering 202 and the discharges numbering 97. The ratio of
• discharges, recovered and improved is 43 per cent, of the admissions, being an increase of 16
per cent, over that of last year. The death-rate on number under treatment is 5 per cent,
compared with 4.53 per cent, last year. I am pleased to report that the health of our
patients has been generally good, and we have been visited by no epidemics or contagious
diseases. The fact that so many of our patients are possessed of suicidal and homicidal
impulses makes it a continual source of apprehension and anxiety to us. I am glad to
report that no serious accident has happened this year, and that our deaths are all
attributable to unpreventable and natural causes.
Infirm a7'y.
An infirmary for the special nursing of the sick and infirm, under the care of a
trained nurse is needed. The noise and tumult of the ordinary asylum ward is neither
• conducive to comfort nor recovery. The attendants have neither time nor appliances for
nursing the sick successfully, and the work is often done in a perfunctory manner.
Friends from a distance come to visit their sick relatives, and often dpsii-e to spend a
certain amount of time with them, especially in their last hours, and to be forced to sit
for hours amid the noisy jargon of lunatics is anything but pleasent. On sanitary grounds
an isolated building would be best adapted for this purpose, it would atFord better protec-
tion against the spread of contagious and epidemic diseases. In the meantime a portion
of one of the other buildings might be utilized for this purpose.
Improvements and Repairs.
The addition of 200 iron bedsteads to our furnishings fehis year supplied a much
needed want, an additional 75 next year will relegate the old wooden bedstead nuisance
to the limbo of the past. A large amount of painting and repairing has been done on the
halls. The East House has been repainted throughout, and the repainting of Main
Building will soon be complete. We have just begun the painting of the wails at Orchard
Hoube for the first time, this will afford indoor employment for a number of patients
during the winter.
The old floor in male basement of the Main Building was taken up, and filled up from
the rock with about three feet of broken stone, covered over with concrete, and a new
maple floor laid. It is a splendid substantial job, and I would urge that the female
basement floor be improved the same way next year.
The introduction and cultivation of house plants and hanging baskets by the
attendants on the halls has been attended with the most delightful results. Some of our
halls are perfect bowers of beauty, and the dining rooms in neatness and elegance surpass
many of our best hotels. I am convinced that its educating and refining influence occupies
no mean part in arousing and developing a healthful function in the minds of our
beclouded inmates.
The old sidewalk leading from the Main Building along the avenue to the St. James
road was taken up and relaid with new plank, also a new sidewalk laid in front of Super-
intendent's house.
The shoe and tailor shop was removed from the Main Building to the two vacant
oflBcers rooms at East House, this change gives us room for seven additional beds.
Dining Rooms.
A tier a full years trial of the hall dining rooms at Orchard House in comparison with
the general dining system, at Main Building, I have no hesitation in declaring most
emphatically in favor of the former. We have already a dining room on each hall at
76
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 10). A. 189(>^
the Main Building where a few of the patients dine, and all it requires to extend the sys-
tem is to pull down the partition between the piesent dining rooms and the adjoining
dormitory and the problem is solved. The general dining room at present in use can
be fitted up to accommodate patients, and will more than compensate for the loss of
room on the halls. We can do the whole work our-selves at a trifling cost. I feel very
strongly upon the necessity of making this change, and I trust it will meet with your
hearty approval.
Farm,
The yield of crops from the farm is on the whole good. We have about 600 bushels.
of wheat, 1,000 bushels of oats, and 100 tons of hay. The root crop suffered from the
extreme drouth and is scarcely up to the average. From the sale of hogs we have a.
return of $1,441.50.
The farm as usual affords an excellent opportunity for the employment of asylum,
labor, and it has been fully utilized during the year. Many much needed improvements
have been made including the making of 260 rods of wire fence, and the laying of 118
rods of underdrains with tile.
Farm Buildings.
Our farming operations are severely handicapped for the want of suitable buildings.
We need a new barn, stables, and roothouse, located conveniently to the farmer's residence.
The location of the present stables and piggery so near to the asylum is becoming more
and more obnoxious to us, the odor from them at times is simply intolerable, and a
standing menace from a sanitary point of view to our health and comfort. I trust this
long standing nuisance will be removed before another year elapses.
Fire.
The old farm buildings on the Muirhead farm were consumed by fire on the night of
the 21st September last, and was undoubtedly the work of an incendiary. The buildings
were old and dilapidated, and the loss was comparatively light. I would direct your
attention to the danger of having buildings on remote parts of the farm with no person
living next them ; they are sure to be made a rendezvous for vagrants and other bad,
characters that hover around the city.
Gardener's Department.
The yield of vegetables and small fruit from the garden has been excellent. The
frost in June destroyed our grape crop entirely, and apples, pears, and plums were also
quite deficient from the same cause. We added about five acres more to our garden this
summer and underdrained it thoroughly. The pleasure grounds around Orchard House
were terraced and sodded in the spring, and a large amount of ornamental tree planting
done. I am anxious to have the field in front of Orchard House laid out in an ornamental
park, and would suggest that a landscape gardener be sent to lay it out on a definite plan,
so that we wo ild have something to work upon.
A number of new roads were laid out and macadamized, the want of gravel is greatly
felt in road making. We hauled 75 loads of gravel up the mountain from the west end
of the city but it is a slow and laborious job. A greenhouse has been built since luy last
report, the work being done principally by ourselves. The heating apparatus has not
been introduced yet, and I fear the frost will destroy our plants before it is ready for use.
The delay is unfortunate and disappointing to us. The work in this department has
increased so much from the extension of the grounds that I would recommend the
appointment of an assistant gardener. The vegetable garden alone is sufficient to occupy
the attention of one man, and there is a wide field of labor yet to occupy in bringing the
ornamental grounds up to the proper standard.
77
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 10). A. 1890
Engineer's Department.
Our system of water supply is both complex and expensive, in having to be twice
pumped before we use it. If it could be pumped directly from Queen St, to our high
level tanks an immense saving would be effected. The construction of several hydrants
at convenient points around the buildings would improve our fire protection materially.
We need an additional boiler at the Main Building ; it takes two of our boilers to run the
laundry, and leaves the heat producing power for the building quite defective, this is a
continual source of complaint in winter which I trust will soon be remedied.
I would suggest the erection of a house for a resident fireman adjacent to the pump
house on Queen St., and steam kept up night and day ; our protection against fire depends
largely upon this. The surroundings at pump house present a very untidy and neglected
appearance ; the grounds should be fenced and kept neat and orderly, and given in charge
to the resident fireman.
Coal Sheds.
Our winter supply of coals is lying piled up out-doors expo.sed to the weather, and
must suffer a considei-able deterioration in quality and value, not to speak of the enormous
labor of a dirty, disagreeable kind it entails upon us in having to cart it all over again
into the coal houses through the winter. Enlarged coal shed accommodation is one of
the most pressing needs both here and at pump house on Queen St., and I strongly
commend it to your earnest consideration in making up the estimates for next year.
Refrigerator.
One small refrigerator at the main building is all the accommodation we have for
'the protection of our butcher meat, butter and milk. It was intended to supply the
wants of a much smaller population than we have at present. Sweet and who'esome food
is a desideratum which we cannot afford to lightly ignore, I would recommend the con-
struction of a large refrigerator at a point convenient to all the buildings, as a matter
of economy not to speak of convenience ; I know of no expenditure of money which
would produce better results than the one T have indicated.
Kitchen and Bakery.
There is no appliance for carrying off the steam from the steam kettles in the
kitchen of the Main Building ; this is a continual source of complaint which could be
'remedied at a trifling cost.
The baker is by all odds the hardest worked man in the service here ; we cannot spare
him for a single day and he has not had a holiday for years. I strongly recommend the
appointment of an assistant baker.
Attendants' Wages.
I would recommend an increase of wages to male attendants on somewhat the same
principle as that made to the female attendants last year. A graduated scale covering a
period of say five years, and reaching a maximum limit of say $30.00 per month, and
making it retroactive in favor of those who have been that length of time in the service,
would do more than anything I know of in giving us a permanent staff of intelligent and
experienced attendants. The average length of their service at present is very short,
many of them use it as a mere make-shift until something better turns up, and take no
special interest in fitting themselves for the work.
78
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 10). A. 1890
Amusements.
The usual weekly dance, with concerts and dramatic performances were kept up with
spirir during the winter. A musical and dramatic club under the auspices of the
attendants and employees provided a series of excellant entertainments. We are also
indebted to many kind friends from the city in coming often at personal sacrifice of time
and comfort to tender their assistance in dispelling the gloom and monotony of asylum
life l>y providing a variety of excellent entertainment. During the summer baseball for
the ijieu and picnics for the women were the principal sources of amusement. A new
departure was taken this summer in inaugurating a series of garden parties which were
held in the park, prizes were competed for in athletic games, and refreshment of cakes and
lemonade served in the open air while an excellant band discoursed lovel}' music. A
platform was erected for dancing in the evening and the park was lighted with Chinese
lanterns, giving the whole a charming and fairy-like appearance which was intensely
enjoyed b}^ the patients.
Religiorw Service.
The usual religious service has been conducted every Sunday morning throughout
the year. During the summer the Roman Catholic clergy have held service once every
two weeks on Sunday afternoon. We are indebted to the clergymen and others of the
various denominations in the city for ministering to the spiritual wants of our patients,
and I now beg to tender them my warmest thanks for their self-denying labors.
Officers.
Dr. Fairchild, A.ssistant Physieian, was transferred to the London Asylum, and took
bis leave of us on April 30th. Dr. Reynolds was promoted to take the place vacated
by Dr. Fairchild. Dr. Ross was appointed to fill the vacancy and took the place of Dr.
Reynolds; he reported for duty on May 8th, and I am glad to say he gives evidence of
being an able and painstaking officer.
It affords me great pleasure to report my high appreciation of the able and cheer fu^
assistance rendered me by my medical colleagues. Whatever measure of success ha^
attended my efforts in bringing the year's administration to a close is largely attributable
to their earnest and untiring labors. And without exception I might say this of every
officer under my charge. The heads of the several departments have vied with each other
in rendering me every possible assistance in making the whole machinery run smoothly and
■efficiently, and I am glad to say that the most pleasent relations have existed between us.
Conclusion.
In conclusion I desire to convey to you my hearty thanks for kindness and considera-
tion in directing me in the discharge of my duties. I trust that the cordial relations
which have hitherto existed between us may continue to grow and strengthen as the years
go by, and that we may be still more successful in the future than we have been in the
past in assuaging the grief and mitigating the sorrow of unfortunate humanity.
I have the honor to be. Sir,
Your obedient servant,
JAMES RUSSELL,
Medical Superintendent.
79
63 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
ANNUAL STATISTICAL REPOET
Of the operations of the Asylum for Insane, Hamilton, for the year ending SOtk
September, 1889.
TABLE No. 1.
Shewing movements of patients in the Asylum for the official year ending
30th September, 1889.
Male. ]
female .
Total. 1
Male.
!
Female .
Total
425
100
407
102
832
Admitted during year : —
By Lieutenant-Governor's Warrant
57
43
38
64
95
107
202
525
75
509
76
1034
Discharges during year : —
1
26
13
3
1
33
15
5
2
59
28
8
' imnroved
Total number of discharges during year
Died .
43
27
4
1
54
22
97
49
4
1
Eloped
161
Remaining in Asylum, 30th September, 1889
450
433
883
1
1093
643
1032
599
■
1
2125.
312
255
46
30
362
195
1
41
674
450
47
71
" died
" eloped
1
! 124?
1
" remaining, 30th September, 1889
450
433
! 383
Number of applications on file 30th Sept., 1889
i
7
1
6
13
-i:
I
80
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 2.
Shewing the maximum and minimum number of patients resident in the Asylum,
the total number of days' stay of patients, and the daily average number of
patients in the Asylum, from the 1st October, 1888, to 30th September, 18s9.
Male.
Female .
Total .
Maximum number of patients in residence (on the 15th of Spet. , 1889)
Minimum " " " (on the 4th of Oct., 1888)
Collective days' stay of all patients in residence during year
Daily average population
457
425
161075
441.301
436
408
154048
422.049
893;
83.5
315123
863 350
Admissions of
Year.
Total Admissiok.s.
SINCE Opening.
Male.
Female .
Total.
!
Male, i Female.
Total.
Social State.
Married )
Widowed J
Single
Not reported
40
60
52
50
92
110
495
598
579
453
1074
1051
Total
100
102
202
1093
1032
2125
Religion.
Presbyterians
10
21
28
6
15
18
26
7
1
14
25
39
54
13
1
30
215
236
231
46
6
213
8
8
1
73
56
1093
194
193
220
66
10
231
3
4
""77 "
34
1032
409
Episcopalians
429
Methodists
451
112
Congregationalists
16
Roman Catholics
16
444
Mennnnites
11
Quakers
12
Infidels
1
Other denominations
12
7
100
17
4
102
29
11
202
150
Not reported
90
Total
2125
Nationalities.
English
16
15
3
51
4
6
5
100
14
12
4
57
3
8
4
30
27
7
108
7
14
9
183
117
30O
Irish
172 227
84 94
549 503
31 i 26
39 1 4.H
39i>
Scotch ,
17S
Canadian .
1052
United States
57
Other Countries
89>
Unknown
35
22 1 r>
Total .
]
102
202
1093
1032
2125
81
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 3.
Shewing the Counties from which patients have been admitted up to 30th
September, 1889.
Admitted During Yeak.
Total Admissions.
COUNTIES.
Male.
Female .
Total.
Male.
Female .
Total.
4
6
2
i"
4
13
2
6
51
5
10
6
3
2
45
10
8
3
6
1
7
25
30
39
4
7
4
2
1
5
'■■'eo"
5
1
43
28
28
6
ie"
7
12
2"
2"
105
9
2
14
31
47
93
190
132
8
Srant
96
Bruce
15
Carleton
18
Dufiferin
1
1
9
Elgin -
9
1
14
48
40
37
5
3
2
3
1
6
10
62
9
6
32
32
24
10
2
14
2
7
3
5
1
3
135
13
4
9
32
43
83
171
140
1
21
Grey
4
4
2
2
2
5
6
6
7
73
70
76
9
Huron .
10
Kent .
6
5
2
11
10
liincoln
5
5
10
122
14
7
Norfolk
4
i"
2
2
1
5
1
1
2
3"
9
1
2
4
2
4
75
Northumberland and Durham
Ontario .
60
52
Oxford
16
2
Peel
30
Perth
9
1
1
19
3
1
7
Rainy Eiver District
1
1
6
Simcoe .
14
13
27
13
2
3
12
10
20
38
17
240
22
Thunder Bay District
1
1
6
7
8
17
7
1
2
6
3
12
21
10
6
23
63
90
176
361
York
272
1
100
102
202
1093
1032
2126
82
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No, 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 4.
Shewing the Counties from which warranted cases have been admitted up to
30th September, 1889.
1
Admitted During Year .
Total Admissions.
COUNTIES.
Male.
Female .
Total.
Male.
Female .
Total.
A.lgom a District
4
4
2
.... ^..
4
5
2
5
28
5
9
6
1
■■■{4"
6
4
3
1
1
2
13
9
15
2
1
1
4"
'si"
1
1
21
13
18
5
6"'
5
8
i"
■■■■55"
3
2
11
8
12
18
35
89
5
Brant ...
42
11
13
DufiFerin
1
1
9
Elffin
2
Essex
1
Frontenac
13
36
22
20
5
15
■Grey
2
1
1
2
1
3
3
1
49
Haldimand
31
Halton
35
TTftRtinp'S . , , , ,
7
Huron .
1
Kent . .... ...
1
3
1
6
9
45
3
5
20
20
18
7
2
5
1
7
3
3
1
3
102
11
4
7
20
27
36
41
116
1
4
1
Leeds and Grenville
10
9
Xiinooln
3
3
6
76
Middlese m
4
Muskoka District
6
Norfolk
3
1
4
41
Northumberland and Durham . . .
33
■Ontario . . .
1
2
i"
1
4
2
2
36
•Oxford
2
2
1
12
Parry Sound District..
2
Peel
11
Perth . .
15
Peter bo rough
1
1
3
Prescott and Russell .
5
Prince Edward
1 1
Rainy River District
Renfrew
1
1
""i4"
3
157
Simcoe
7
7
14
Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry
G
1
1
4
3
4
4
7
1
1
2
2*'
3
8
2
2
6
3
6
7
15
18
Victoria
28
Waterloo
54
Wellington
Wentworth
76
York
205
Not Cla<5Red
Total admissions
57
38
95
677
420
1097
83
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1S90
TABLE No. 5.
Shewing the length of residence in the Asylum of those discharged during-
the year ending 30th September, 1889.
Initials.
Sex.
A. S. B
F ... .
A. C
F
S. T
F
M. C
F
M. M. G
F
E. H. T
F
V. C
M
G. B
F
W. C
M
CD
F
V. A. P
F
H.J
M
R. K
M
A. V
F
M. R
F
M. R
F
A. K
M.....
M. P
F
J. B
M
J. M
F
P. R
M
B. G
F
P. G..
M
M. W
F
M. B
M
A. L
M
F. V. Y
F
J. M. S
M
M. B
F ....,
A. J
F
A. S
M
E. N
M
M. K
M
M.E. S
F
S. H
M.. .
M. E
F....
W. W
M....
M. W
F ....
W. R
1 M....
,J. B
M....
M. A. C
F...
E. W
F . .
C. E
M...
A . F
F ....
H. C
F ....
C. S
F ....
M. G. S
F....
D.S ..
F .
J. T
M. .
M. S
F....
M. W
F....
J. F
F ..
S. T
M....
E. M. J
F....
S. N
M.
F. M
M....
A. M. B
F....
J.R
M....
When Admitted.
February
27th,
27th.
22nd,
28th,
2nd,
19th,
31st,
10th,
1st,
13th,
10th,
24th,
1888.
April
July
August
March
May
.June
August
October
August
September 17th.
May 26 th,
JuJy 9th,
September 13th,
3rd,
November 21st,
June 26th,
May 6th,
February 6th,
8th,
October 20th,
April 15th,
November 13th,
March 7th,
June 19th.
March lOtb,
December 15th,
May 22nd,
April 9th,
March 17th,
May 18th,
September 7th,
3rd,
August 5th,
January 27th,
August 17th,
September 27th,
May 31st,
April 29th,
December 11th,
February 15th,
July 14th,
March 19th,
November 6th,
October 26th,
March 23rd,
November 3rd,
May 25th,
January 12th,
October 22nd,
July 27th,
I November 18th,
j Marcli 13th,
January 3rd,
November lOth,
I March 18th,
1887.
1888.
1886.
1888.
When Di.scharged.
1887.
1888'.
1887.
4(
1S88'.
1885.
1888
1886.
1888.
1887.
1888".
1882
1888.
Si
1886'.
1885
1888.
1887!
1880
1888.
1889.
1888.
1886.
1888
1882
1889.
1888
1889.
84
October 11th. 1888.
19th, " .
25th, " .
31st, " .
November 2nd, " .
6th, " .
13th, " .
14th, " .
15th, " .
21st, " .
22nd, " .
23rd, " .
23rd, " .
27th, " .
2Sth, " .
30th, " .
30th, " .
December 3rd, " .
4th, " .
4th, " .
4th, "
6th, " .
" 27th, " .
" 29th "
January 2nd,' 1889!
3rd, " .
8th, " .
lOth, " .
17th, " .
17th, " .
17th, " ,
24th, " .
24th, " .
31st, " .
February 7th, " .
8th, " .
13th, "
15th, "
18th, "
22nd, "
23rd, "
•' 27th, "
March 1st, "
2nd, "
4th, "
5th, "
6th, "
8th, "
15th, "
20th, "
30th, "
April 4th, "
5th, "
6th, "
16th, "
17th, "
22nd, "
23rd, "
RemarkH.
Recovered.
Improved.
Recovered.
Unimproved.
Recovered.
Imijroved.
Recovered.
Unimproved ■
Imj>roved.
Improved.
Recovered^
Improved.
Recovered.
Unimproved.
Improved.
Recovered.
Unimproved.
Improved.
Recovered^
Improved.
Unimproved.
Recovered.
Improved.
Recovered.
Unimproved.
Recovered.
Improved.
Recovered.
Improved.
Recovered.
Unimprored^
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. o.— Continued.
tio.
69
60
61
62
€3
64
65
66
67
68
■69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
Initials.
Sex.
M. W
F
M. S
F
H. McD
M
W. R
M
W. F. P
M
F. H
F
F. D
M. ...
D, McM
M....
H. S
F
D. K
M
S. S
F
F
F
J. c
E. M
E. A
F
I. H
F
F
B. A. W
B. F
M
M
G. F
J. R
M
M. J. M
F
M. McG
F
T. H
M
A. B
F
R. B
M
H. A. L
F
M. P
F
VV. T
M
L. B
F
E. McC
F
G. S
M
F
M
J. B
T. F
W. K
M
J. T
M
F
A. E »
W. W
M
G. G
M
T. G
M
A. F
F
When Admitted.
October
February
August
December
April
August
June
July
January
March
April
September
August
March
September
June
January
May
November
June
January
April
February
July
March
April
June
April
January
February
April
February
May
August
June
April
February
3l8t,
4th
6th
28th:
28th
28th
18th;
6th
10th
27th
29th
14th
26th
4th
22ad,
19th
28th
25th
18th
27th
29th
30th
13th
14th
4th
12th
15th.
10th
12th
30th
1st
27th
5th
3rd
27th
23rd
20th
5th
.5th
1888
1887
1888
1885
1888
1889
1888
1887
1889
1888
1889
1887
1883
1888
1886
1888
1889
((
1887
1889
1888
1889
When Discharged.
April
May
<i
.June
((
July
August
Sept.
29th, 1889.
30th,
6th,
13th,
18th,
23rd,
6th,
11th,
12th,
2nd,
6th,
12th,
17th,
19th,
25th,
27th,
3rd,
3rd,
8th,
20th,
22nd,
28th,
28th,
2nd,
3rd,
3rd,
3rd,
9th,
13th,
16th,
16th,
16th,
20th,
23rd,
25th,
26th,
28th,
30th,
30th,
Remarks.
Recovered.
Improved.
Recovered.
Improved.
Recovered.
Improved.
Recovered.
Improved.
Recovered.
Improved.
Recovered,
Improved.
Recoveied.
Improved.
Recovered.
Improved.
Recovered.
Unimproved ,
Recovered.
Not Insane.
Recovered.
Improved.
Recovered.
S5
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 6.
Shewing age, length of residence, and proximate cause of death of those who
died during the year ending 30th September, 1889.
Initials.
R.I
W. T
J. T
P. W
B. F
S. O
c c
J.' J. McG' '.
J. B. McC .
M. S
E. R
M. D
R. L
R. H. Y . . .
S. T
G. C
A. M
G. A
C. K
P. .T. H . . . .
L. F
W. T. O . . .
J. B
L. T
J. M
J. K
M. F
J. McG . . . .
S.B
J. E. L . . . .
E.M
A. D
J. McL . . . .
O. H
J. L
T. B
H. P. McG.
W. S
E. S . . . . , .
J. C
M. W. H . .
M. A. N . . .
H. J
M. H
H. K
C. E
W. L
MA
J. C
Sex.
M,
M,
F .
F
F ,
M,
F
M
M
M
F,
F
M
M
F ,
M
F
M
F
M
F
M,
M
F
M,
F
F ,
M,
M
M
F..
F..
M,
M
M
M
M
M
F.
M
F.
F.
M
F.
M
F.
M
F.
F.
Afre.
77
86
77
55
73
52
74
37
50
78
84
54
38
42
78
40
71
45
56
49
46
59
82
66
47
77
46
51
28
45
43
55
74
42
49
35
49
61
62
55
44
28
69
26
57
31
50
46
66
Date of Death.
October 4th, 1888.
21st, " .
28th, " .
Novemb'rl3th, " .
22nd, " .
December 7th, " .
7th, " .
17th, " .
18th, " .
19th, " .
21st, " .
January 7th, 1889.
17th, " .
3l8t, " .
February 10th, " .
11th, " .
21st, " .
March 4th, " .
5th, " .
14th, " .
22nd, " .
April 3rd, " .
3rd, " .
6th, " .
9th, "
10th, " .
23rd, " .
26th, " .
27th, " .
May 3rd, " .
13th, " .
17th, " .
" 24th, " .
25th, " .
30th, " .
June 4th, " ,
12th, " ,
16th, "
24th, " .
July 1st, " .
8th, " .
9th, " .
12th, " .
13th, " ,
August 5th, "
17th, " ,
25th, "
27th, "
Septembr 30th, "
Residence in
Asylum.
10
12
1
12
2
2
12
13
' i'
6
1
io'
13'
2
7
2
2
2
4
4
4
8
4
11
7
2
6
6
9
6
11
11
11
7
8
3
9
8
8
8
10
2
1
4
1
2
10
10
2
10
2
11
2
11
11
4
2
5
7
5
19
13
4
15
10
16
4
6
4
19
29
28
5
26
19
23
30
4
10
4
6
19
14
6
25
12
14
4
18
14
3
8
8
21
24
4
9
10
11
30
11
29
20
13
Proximate ouuee
of Death.
Senile Decay-
Apoplexy.
Senile Decay.
Erysipelas-.
Heart Failiit e,
Ceretritis.
Paralysis.
General Paresis..
Phthisis.
Senile Decay.
do
Enteritis.
General Paresis-
Phthisis.
Senile Decay.
Paralysis.
Senile Decny.
Ceretritis.
Paralysis.
do
Exh. A.Melaiicholia..
Pneumonia.
Senile Decay.
Chr. Diarrhoea.
Phthisis.
Senile Decay.
Phthisis.
General Paresis.
Marasmus.
General Paresis.
Phthisis.
do
Apoplexy,
Exh. A. Melancholia-
Apoplexy.
Marasmus.
Pyaemia.
Marasmu.-..
Erysipelas.
Enteritis.
Phthisis.
Conjestion of Brain.
Senile Decay.
Pur'a. Hemonagietic^
Diarrhoea.
Exh. A.Melancholia^
Dysentery.
Exh'n. Ac. Mania.
Senile Decay. ,
86
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1S90
TABLE No. 7.
Shewing Trades, Callings and Occupations of Patients admitted into the Asylum
during the year ending oOth September, 1889.
TRADES, CALLINGS AND
During the Yk.\r.
During Former Years.
OCCUPATIONS.
Males.
Females
Total.
Males.
Females
Total.
Total.
Agents
2
1
2
1
2
2
2
3
3
16
1
1
2
1
4
2
1
1
2
43
21
6
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
l"
4
1
3
2
324
4
::::::::
'""\
6"
i"
""soi"
13
3
2
2
2
3
3
16
1
1
3
1
4
2
1
1
2
43
27
6
2
2
2
1
1
1
302
13
1
4
1
3
2
327
4
*
Book-keepers
*
3.
3
16-
1
Builders
1
S
1
1
2
4
2
1
Confectioners
1
Coopers
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
4
Carpenters
44
Clerks
29v
Clergymen
Carriage-makers ....
■£
•2
1
1
%
Civil Servants
1
L
1
Domestic servants, all kinds
16
16
2
318
Dressmakers
1.5.
Detectives
1
Druggists
4
1
Engineers
1
1
26
1
1
26
i"
4,
Editors
35S
4
1
r
Gardeners
5
4
1
2
3
9
2
1
284
l"
'"376"
1
3"
5
5
1
2
3
370
10
2
1
284
3
»
1
1
6
1
Hostlers
.-51
1
■■■■69"
1
69
4
Housekeepers
i39
10
•>
1
•
Labourers ...
34
34
318
Laundresses
3
87
63 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 1 .—Continued.
Shewing Trades, Callings and Occupations of Patients admitted into the .Asylum
during the year ending 30th September, 1889.
TRADES, CALLINGS AND
During the Year.
During Former
Years.
OCCUPATIONS.
Males.
Females
Total.
Males.
Females
Total.
Total.
Lawyers
1
3"
15
2
1
2
3
15
1
Milliners
2
2
4
Masons
3
Machinists
16
Millers
1
1
1
Moulders
3
9
20
s"
2
2
36
i"
29
.... ^.,
2
"• " ' 4 ' "
""19"
12
8
5
3
17
22
i
44
2
1
40
20
1
2
10
5
5
1
2
8
4
7
3
2
13
19
1
1
1
3
22
4
3
14
1
4
9
3
129
3
Merchants
2
2
2
2
19
Mechanics
24
Music-teachers
2
Marble-cutters
2
8
2
2
No occupation
Night-watchmen
4
3
7
51
2
Nurses
1
Not stated
4
3
5
9
3
11
20
1
2
10
5
4
1
49
Other occupations
23
Plasterers
1
Photographers
2
Painters
Printers
3
3
13
5
Peddlers
Pump-makers
1
1
6
1
Spinsters
2
Sailors
8
4
3
3
2
13
g
Students
4
Spinners
1
1
8
Stone-cutters
3
2
Shoemakers
2
2
16
Seamstressses
19
Soldiers
1
1
1
3
10
4
3
6
i
4
4
3
1
1
Sail and tent-makers
1
3
3
3
1
25
Tinsmiths
1
5
3
Tailors
1
1
15
1
Teamsters
4
Weavers
1
1
10
'^3
Unknown or other employments
30 1 yo
129
Total
100
102
202
993
980
1923
2126
*•
88
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. S.
Shewing causes of insanity, for the year ending 30th September, 1889.
INumber of Instances in which bach Cause wa&
Assigned.
CAUSES OF INSANITY.
I As predisposing cause. As exciting cause.
In respect of the admissions for the year ending
30th September, 1889.
Moral.
Domestic troubles, including loss of relatives or
friends
Religious excitement
Adverse circumstances, including business troubles .
Love affairs, including seduction .... ,
Mental anxiety, ' ' worry "
Fright and nervous shocks
Physical.
Intemperance in drink
Intemperance, sexual
Venereal disease
Self-abuse, sexual
Over-work
Sunstroke
Accident or injury
Pregnancy
Puerperal
Lactation
Puberty and change of life
Uterine disorders
Brain disease, with general paralysis
Brain disease, with epilepsy
Other forms of brain disease
Other bodily diseases or disorders, including old age,
Fevers
Hereditary.
With other ascertained cause in combination
With other combined cause not ascertained .
Congenital,
With other ascertained cause in combination
With other combined cause not ascertained . .
Male.
Females
Total.
1
'i
Males.
Females, Total.
1
15
Unknown . . . .
Total.
90
100
83
102
1
22
173
202
51
100
7 (A.)
89
61
102
11
7
11
&
7
5
7
2
11
1
102
k202
I — »
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 9.
Shewing the Probational Discharges and the result thereof.
Reg.
No.
Sex.
Initials.
Date of Probational
Discharge.
Term of Probation.
j
Result.
1462
F
F
M
P
F
F
F
M
F
F
F
M
F
F
M
M
F
F
M
F
F
F
F
M
M
M
F
M
F
M
M
F
F
M
F
M
F
F
F
M
F
F
F
F
M
F
F
F
M
M
F
M
F
F
F
M
M
M
F
F
C. A. D
E. F
October
::
((
Novembei
((
December
January
<<
February
March
((
April
May
((
<<
18th, 1888....
20th '• ....
22nd " ....
24th " ....
29th " ....
30th "
30th " ....
30th " ....
2nd " ....
2nd " ....
3rd "...
5th " ....
5th " ....
9th " ....
13th " ....
15th " ....
21st " ....
22nd " ....
5th " ....
15th <" ....
18th " ....
29th " ....
1st 1889....
.5th " ....
9th " ....
14th " ....
15th " ....
2l8t " ....
22nd "...
31st " ....
31st " ....
5th " . . . .
nth " ....
16th " ....
16th " ....
19th " ....
26th " ....
27th " ....
27th " ....
9th " ....
16th " ....
16th " ....
20th " . ..
24th " ....
23th " ....
26th " ....
Isb "
2nd " ....
8th " ....
16th " ....
20th " ....
3rd " ....
6th " ....
6th " ....
7th " ....
15th " ....
I8th " ....
24th " ....
24th " ....
25th " ....
1 months
1 Discharged recovered.
Returned.
1605
2 "
1 "
1761
J.B
Discharged recovered.
1767
F. V. Y....
M. R
M. E. S
C. T
2 "
1916
1913
1748
1 " ....
3 "
2 '«
Returned.
1732
M. K
M. E
J. M
2 "
Discharged recovered.
1583
1726
3 "
1 •'
2 «'
3 «
" improved.
" recovered.
1407
1923
A. J
W. R
H. C
F. H
E. M
K (<
1531
3 "
" improved.
1907
6 "
1687
2 "
" recovered.
1714
1335
A. S
E. V
E. A. G
J.B
2 "
3 "
1610
1742
3 "
2 "
2 "
Returned.
Discharged recovered.
1399
M. A. C. ...
D. S
M. S
E. M
S. T
1691
2 "
a X
1937
2 "
H 44
1591
6 '•
■' improved
1465
3 "
804
S. U
3 «
U it
1510
G. F
A. F
S. H
6 «'
41 44
1772
2 "
Discharged recovered.
1694
3 <«
" unimproved.
1765
E. A. V
H. McD
W. F. P
E. M. J
.J. F
F. M
A. M. B
C. D
M. V
S. McD
H. S
6 "
1895
3 "
Discharged recovered.
1256
1951
3 "
2 "
" improved.
Discharged recovered.
1933
1971
1946
2 "
2 '«
2 «'
41 44
4. 44
1754
3 "
44 <4
1938
2 "
44 44
1902
3 "
Returned.
1982
3 «'
Discharged recovered.
1965
W. R
L. B
E. J.J
H. E. B
J. c
2 '«
" improved.
1968
6 «
Still out.
1966
3 "
Returned
1184
6 ««
Still out.
1918
3 ««
Discharged recovered.
1063
R. M
M. B
J. B
6 ••
Returned.
1427
4 «'
1476
2 " i
"
.1984
1962
L. W
W. H. F....
J. W. R
I. H
2 «'
6 "
Still out.
1725
3 '<
Returned.
1921
3 "
Discharged recovered .
1009
J. R
3 ««
3 ««
1436
M. McG
E. A
I. L
D. McM
J. K
T. F
44 44
:2014
2 "
44 44
1676
3 "
Returned.
1766 1
1932
1541
2 weeks
3 months
3 "
Discharged improved.
Returned.
Discharged recovered.
1955 1
M. K
J. W
3 "
Returned.
1967
3 "
90
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10)
A. 1890
TABLE No. 9.— Continued.
Reg.
No.
Sex.
1630
M
2007
M
2023
M
1905
M
1954
F
1514
M
2020
F
2071
F
2042
F
2043
M
1997
M
1517
M
2052
M
2000
F
2035
M
1327
M
2071
F
1996
M
2050
F
1972
F
1984
F
2034
M
1940
F
2056
M
1100
M
Initials.
W. H. F
R. B....
J. M....
W. W...
M. M. . .
T. H ...
M. P....
L. B.. .,
A. B....
W. T....
E. M....
W. K...
J. T
A. F.. .
T. G....
J. P
L. B....
HF
S. O
A. S . . . .
L. W. . . .
G. P
M. O....
R. S ...
T. A....
Date of Probational
Discharge.
May
June
July
27th
1st
7th
18th
19th
27th
27th
29th
29th
1st
1st
5th
6th
15th
20th
24th
24th
26th
30th
10th
10th
17th
31st
32st
September 17th
August
Term of Probation.
3 months.
3 "
3 "
3 "
2 "
3 "
2 "
3 "
3 "
2 "
3 "
2 "
2 "
2 "
2 "
3 «
3 "
2 "
2 "
2 "
3 "
2 "
2 "
1 "
2 '1 .
Result.
Still out.
Discharged recovered.
Still out.
Discharged recovered.
Stil out.
Discharged recovered..
Returned. ^'■''
Discharged improved.
" recovered.
Still out. d :i
Discharged improved.
" recovered
Returned.
Still out.
Returned.
Still out.
91
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 10.
Shewing in quinquennial periods the ages of those admitted, recovered and
died during the year.
Admitted.
Recovered.
Died.
AGES.
1
a
V
3
o
m
JO
Is
g
3
o
IS
S
-i
o
H
From 5 to 10 years
1
0
2
6
19
12
13
9
14
5
6
3
4
2
1
0
1
0
16
15
18
14
8
12
2
6
2
2
2
1
1
1
2
22
34
30
27
17
26
7
12
5
6
4
2
w 10 " 15 "
" 15
'20 " ....
'25 " ....
'30 " ....
'35 " ....
'40 " ....
'45 "
'50 " ....
'55 " ....
'60 " ....
'65 " ....
'70 " ....
' 75 " ....
'80 " ....
'85 "
" 20
7
3
6
2
2
2
1
2
0
1
7
8
3
4
3
4
3
0
1
0
14
11
9
6
5
6
4
2
1
1
" 25
" .30
" 35
" 40
" 45
» 50
" 55
" 60
" 65
" 70
1
0
3
3
6
4
3
1
1
1
2
1
1
2
1
0
2
3
1
3
1
2
3
3
1
0
3
1
3
5
9
5
6
2
3
4
" 75
5
" 80
3
" 85
'90 "
1
" 90
'95 " ....
Tc
3
3
6
tals
100
102
202
26
33
59 I 27
22
49
92
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 11.
Shewing the duration of insanity, length of residence and period of treatment,
etc., during the year ending 30th September, 1889.
PERIODS.
o
u
_o
'C
a.
>5
a
P
Length of residence of those
reniiiining in Asylum on
30th September.
Periods of treatment of those
who were discharged cured
during the year.
Periods of treatment of those
who were discharged im-
proved during the year.
Periods of treatment of those
who were discharged un-
improved during the year.
57
25
11
13
7
8
19
11
12
15
14
14
9
25
13
9
12
16
93
41
65
58
38
46
42
47
45
88
70
69
4
1
2
4
3
8
8
4
4
3
6
3
2
3
1
4
2
S'rom 1 to 2 months
2
2
2 3
3
, 3 „ 4 „
4 ,. 5
4
1
1
1
1
1
„ 5 „ 6 „ ...
6 „ 7 II
8
4
3
1
1
,„ 7 „ 8 Tt
,., 8 11 9 II
„ 9 „ 10 „
10 .. 11 II
.„ 11 ,, 12 ,1
1
3
5
4
1
1
.,1 12 M 18 1.
16
5
10
6
4
2
ti 3 tt 4 M
*• 4 .. 5 It
.f» 5 It 6 M
fi M 7
1
1
1
1
41 7 M 8 M
tf 8 ft 9 TI
2
2
3
1
1
<> .. 10
10 t« 15
15 ,.20
22
Totals
202
883
59
28
8
93
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No 12.
Shewing the nature of employment and the number of day's work performed by
patients during the year ending .SOth September, 1889.
NATURE OF EMPLOYMENT.
Daily average
Number of
Patients who
worked.
DATS WORKKD.
Males.
Females.
Total.
Carpenter's shop
6
2
4
3
1645
603
1001
1065
1645
Tailor's shop
603
Shoe shop
1001
Engineer s shop
1065
Blacksmith's shop
Mason work
4
526
526
Repairing roads
Wood yard and coal shed ....
Bakery •
2
20
5
1
581
1867
1520
338
581
Laundry
3881
5748
Dairy
1520
Butcher's shop and slaughter house
338
Pisrererv
Painting
5
44
43
1256
10423
9789
1256
Farm
10423
Garden and ,
9789
Stable
3
18
41
1088
2236
6129
1088
Kitchen
Dining rooms
4406
8919
6642
15048
Sewing rooms
43
44
12282
13810
12282
Knitting
13810
Mending
17
258
2162
33711
2162
Wards
47024
80735
Halls
Storeroom
1
41
328
9092
328
General
4937
14029
Total
605
96511
84108
180619
94
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 189C
TABLE No. 13.
Shewing the Counties and Districts from which the patients remaining in
residence on the 30th September, 1889, were originally received.
COUNTIES AND DISTRICTS.
Males.
Females,
Total.
Algoma District
Brant
5
22
4
5
19
5
1
1
41
Bruce
9
1
Dufferin
5
6
2
2
2
Elgin
2
4
Erontenac
12
12
'Grenville
Orey
24
21
16
14
17
15
38
Haldimand
38
Halton
31
Huron
2
2
1
1
2
5
2
1
7
Kent
4
Ijambton
2
1
Leeds
2
Lincoln
22
2
32
2
54
Middlesex
IVIuskoka District .
4
Norfolk
15
10
10
8
2
3
2
3
22
4
11
3
2
5
2
4
37
Northumberland
Ontario
14
Oxford
11
Parry Sound District
4
Peel
8
Perth
4
7
Prescott
i
1
1
1
Rainy River District
1
1
Russell .. ...
64
2
4
4
15
21
35
49
57
57
121
Stormont . . .
2
1
8
14
22
38
66
56
5
Victoria
12
29
Welland
43
73
"Wentworth
York
115
113
Not glassed, unknown, eke
Total
450
433
883
95
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 14.
Shewing number of Patients transferred to other Asylums.
Initials.
m
County
originally
admitted
from.
Nationality.
Religion.
Social
state.
Duration
of insanity
prior to
admission.
Admit-
ted by.
Occupation.
Asylum
transferr-
ed to.
W.S.R.
9
M.
Simcoe.
Unknown.
Unknown.
Single.
9 years.
Warr'nt
None.
OriUia.
96
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 15.
Number of articles made and repaired iu the sewing rooms during the year
ending September 30, 1889.
Articles.
Made.
Repaired.
Aprons
915
32
24
752
185
187
Bibs .
136
044
612
Coats
752
Carpet balls
472
47
12
704
506
64
128
14
155
292
140
318
726
146
130
60
12
61
1096
650
676
54
12
692
678
11'
90
36
785
12
16
1274
504
Handkerchiefs
Jackets
Lambrequins
175
" cloth (pairs)
102
109
Pillow shams ....
Pudding cloths
1204
Pillow ticks
Hag mats
Sheets
Shirts
197
5338
Skirts
193
Shroudsj
Screens
9354
Stockings (pairs) .
4576
Straw ticks
318
Table cloths
24
Table napkins
Towels
Tea bags
84
Toilet covers
Vests
205
Window blinds
Waists
84
24
Total .
11373
25529
8 (A.)
97
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 189(>
TABLE No. 16.
Number of articles made and repaired in the tailor shop during the year
ending September 30, 1889.
Articles.
Made.
Rf
paired.
Coats
125
76
243
17
11
32
52
556
Vests
Trousers (pairs)
Combination suits
Overalls
Uniform coats
26
" trousers (pairs)
45
Total
71
Number of articles cut out in tailor shop for making in the halls during the year
ending September 80, 1889.
Articles
Summer jackets j
Trousers (pairs) i
Total
122
60
182
TABLE No. 17.
Number of articles made and repaired in the shoe shop during the year
ending September 30, 1889.
Articles.
Men's working shoes (pairs)
Men's slippers
Women's shoes and slippers
Braces
Straps
Total
98
Made.
1233
Repaired.
152
102
218
102
485
111
322
56
316
53 Victoria, Sessional Papers (No. 10;. A. 1890
ANN UAL REPORT OF THE MEDICAL SUPERINTENDENT OF THE ASYLUM
FOR IDIOTS, ORILLIA.
I'o the Inspector of Prisons and Public Charities, Ontario :
Sir, — I beg to transmit herewith the Thirteenth annual report of the operations of
this Asylum.
I am happy to be able to report a very satisfactory and encouraging year in our
little world In ray former reports there was, of necessity, a good deal of sameness, and
with the exception of a slight difference in the statistics, one year's report would answer
for another, or for any number of others. A purely custodial Asylum, though a great
blessing to the couutry, has not many features to enthuse those in charge, and naturally
leads us to a monotonous routine. Now, however, with new scope and new interests
opening out around us, it is possible for those connected with the management of the in-
stitution to grow enthusiastic in their work. This is observable in many of our em-
ployes, but perhaps more marked in our teachers, a talk with whom would almost lead
to the conviction that educating idiots is the noblest and most important work that a
person can be engaged in. And it certainly is a noble, self-denying work, but attended with
labor ana patience, as well as love and svmpathy, if the teacher is to succeed in tannin<^
the stray spark of intelligence inlo a flame of even uncertain flicker, and in many cases
to create the spark.
At the close of last year we had a resicence in total of 284 ; and of this number 143
were males and 141 females. There have been admitted during tha year, 25 males and
20 females, a total of 45, making 329 the number under care during the year. Of these
16 died : 9 males and 7 females ; and 4 were discharged : 1 male and 3 females, leavinw
in residence 309, of whom 158 are males and 151 females. Of this number, 98 males
and 98 females are in the new building, where nominally we have 4 vacancies, 2 for
males and 2 for females. At the old building, however, with beds for 45 males and ,55
females, we have 60 males and 53 females. As 5 of the males are young and helpje.s.s,
they are cared for on the female side, leaving the numbers 55 in the male and 58 in the
female side of the house. The only thing in this summary requiring special notice is
that while last year our death-rate was over 8 percent., this year it is le<s than 5 percent.,
and that one-third of the deaths was the result of epilepsy. This brings up the question
of separate and specially constructed rooms or building for those of our inmates who are
afflicted in this way. To complete our system we require something of the kind. We
have quite a large number of epileptics and paralytics — 26 of theformer and 20 of the'latter
— who should hfctve some special accommodation provided for theuj. At present they
occupy the day rooms and dormitories with the non-epileptics, and as the Aoors are all
hardwood and polished, with seats and beds of the ordinary height, they become bruised
and cut about the head. It is a wonder some of their skulls are not fractured, as thev
get some terrible falls. While our rooms are all that can be desired from an aesthetic
and sanitary point of view, they are dangerous and cruel for this class. Many of them
are our most active and useful intuAtes, and without a moment's warning they fall for-
ward from their seats, striking the floor wirli the upper part of the head ; or perhaps
when moving about they fall, the head being the first part to come in contact with the
hard wood floor. I am not clear as to how the difliculty can be overcome, but I am
firmly convinced an effort should be made, and 1 have no doubt we could bring it to
a successful issue.
Work.
The employment of the inmates is a matter to which we give a considerable degree
of attention, and we continue to find in it a vast amount of benefit in the way of healt
and contentment. The very mast should be made of the practices of employing all
99
>53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
inmates who are capable in some way or other. From the following table of articles
made in our wards, it will be seen we make a very fair showing, especially when it is
remembered that our people, as a class, are the most helpless and dependent in a com-
munity.
Table showing number of articles made in the wards, by the inmates, during the
year : —
Articles.
No.
Aprons
Bed ticks
Bibs
Chemises
Collars
Drawers, pairs
Dresses
Frills
Flannel shirts
■Gingham suits
Pillow cases . .
" shams.
" ticks . .
Shrouds
Articles.
Shirts
Sheets
Socks, pairs
*' refooted, pairs ....
Stockings, pairs
Stockings refooted, pairs
Table cloths
Toilet covers
Table napkins
Towels, hand
" dish
' ' roller
ba^^^h
Window blinds
No.
3
314
150
132
173
31
35
2
48
34
134
88
108
68
Our outside labor at the new Asylum is not as profitably employed as it should be,
owinc to the fact that a gardener has not yet been appointed, and the grounds not laid
out and drained as recommended in the two last reports. It may be thought that fencing,
draining, making roads and improving the grounds generally, cannot very well be
gone on with while the main building is in course of erection. If so, it is a mistaken
thought for the operations in connection with building would not in the least interfere
with the general improvements. It is to be hoped the early spring will see them under
way, and that they may be in some shape by the time we occupy the main building.
The Public Works Department should be asked to commence the terracing around
the front early next season, as without this improvement we will be unable to approach or
enter the building when finished. It is necessary that the Public Works Department should
do this work, because with our own labor it would take an indefinite number of years to
do it ad we have plenty of work in other ways. At the present writing we are busily
engaged in stoning and levelling the grounds between the buildings and the highway,
which will add very much to the geneial appearance of the surroundings.
As the land on the lake front has not been purchased yet, nothing of course has
been done in that direction. There are many good reasons why we should secure this
land at once, which have been pointed out in correspondence from time to time.
Improvements.
Early in the spring tenders were called for, by the Public Works Department, for
the erection of our main building, and shortly after letting the contract ground was
broken, and as I write the first storey is receiving the finishing touches. By this time
next year we hope to see it well on tovvards completion. It promises to be the most com-
plete and convenient institution of the kind on the continent, and will be a credit alike to
the Government and the province.
Our stables which have been erected are model ones, and have been fitted up
with the Tisdale fixtures.
A farmer's house of neat but plain architecture, has also been built during the year.
A piggery, patterned, I believe, after the one on the Model farm, of a very solid and
substantial character, has also been erected.
100
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 10). A. 1890
Two large coal sheds have been built near the railway switeh, of sufficient capacity
to hold all the coal we will ever require for one year.
These improvements have all been made by the Public Works Department.
Wants.
Among the wants a great many might be enumerated, but keeping in view the fact
that much is being done in the way of building, only a few of the more pressing ones
will be mentioned.
We require a barn to store our hay and straw, and such grain crops as we expect to
grow in the near future.
The driving-shed although authorized, and provided for in the last estimates, has
not yet been built. This building we want badly, as we have a good many vehicles and
farm implements to be put under shelter.
We should also have two large airing sheds for the inmates, as there are no veran-
dahs for that purpose. Sheds similar to the one in the boy's playground at the old asy
lum would answer admirably.
The house ac present occupied by the former, should bo improved and put in a thor-
ough state of repair, and placed at the disposal of the engineer, whose family now lives
about a mile away, a very inconvenient distance.
A)nusements.
We have been a little more fortunate this year in the matter of amusements than
hitherto. In addition to our own eutertainments, with magic lanterns and music, we
have been favored by friends from the outside. A brigade of young ladies gave a de-
lightful exhibition of drill, which was thoroughly enjoyed by the children. The Citizen's
band gave a band concert at each af the buildings. Some travelling troupes kindly added
their quota. But the treat of treats was given by Mr. W. Thomson, a generous and pub-
lic spirited citizen, who kindly took our inmates of the old building, out for a delightful
sail on our lake, in the steamer Longfoi'd, ou two occasions. These were certainly red-
letter days for the children. One of the boys gave expression to his feelings by saying :
" Well Mr. Thomson, we have had a very pleasant trip, and I guess these poor d — -Is ap-
preciate it."
There are a great many organizations however, that might do something to amuse our-
people, but do not, such as church choirs.
Our children receive no presents from the merchants and business men of the town,
and while not presuming to ask them for such, we are forced to contrast them with men
under similar circumstances in connection with similar institutions in the United States.
Every year the business men there, gather up little odds and ends that are practically
valueless to them, and send them in for the Xmas trees. Little presents coming in that
way are more appreciated by the children than they are when purchased by ourselves.
It would show, too, that these gentlemen, who receive their hundreds and thousands of
dollars from us year after year, cherish a warm feeling for the unfortunate, and take some-
thing more than a merely pecuniary interest in the Asylum. To these ladies and gen-
tlemen who have manifested an interest in us, our grateful thanks are due.
Our School.
In reviewing our School work for the tirst year of its operation, we find abundant
evidence of its success. A very marked improvement is observable in our 70 or 80
children under training. Any one seeing them a year or so ago, and seeing them to-day,
would most undoubtedly see a great change for the better in many of them, and some
change in all. This would have been still more marked, if we had had two additional
101
63 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 10). A. 1890
teachers. One teacher cannot be expected to accomplish a great deal in improving, and
in some cases almost creating the minds of 40 or 50 idiot children. As we have 73
attending school, and under regular training — and 13 or 14 others of alow grade, who, of
necessity, have to be neglected, I am sure you will agree that two men teachers are
required. We have embarked in this work of training and educating, as far as possible
those unfortunate children, and we should not be stinted in the ways and means for
doing it. Our motto must b^ : " Whatever is worth doing, is worth doing well."
By referring to the answers to the circulars you addressed to the different Superin-
tendents last year, it will be seen they all agree that an average of from 15 to 20 pupils
is as many as should be placed ueder one teacher, or as one teacher can do justice to.
Pennsylvania says from 5 to 30. N. Y. an average of 15. Ohio, not more than 20 in
any case. Illinois, not more than 20. Connecticut, 20. Iowa, from 15 to 24. Indiana,
better grade 25, lesser grade 12 to 14. These are the answers from some of the most im-
portant institutions, given by men with from 10 to 30 years experience in the work. As
the majority of them only admit the better grade, and none admit them as low as we do,
it follows that our average to each teacher should be lesser than theirs. Our teachers are
enthusiastic about their work, and they have become thoroughly habituated to talking
"shop," but they feel they are working under great disadvantages in having such large
classes, and imperfect classification.
To give some idea of our manner of teaching, I append our time tables, believing it
will be of some interest to the public, as well as to the membei-s of the Legislature. The
first was our primary attempt at the work, and although the exercises may appear to be
very simple for sane children, they were p^rfecely bewildering to our poor imbeciles for
several weeks.
Monday to Friday.
9. a.m Lord's Prayer in concert, hymns and kindergarten, morning songs
9.30 a,m Club swinging, 1st Div.
10 a.m. ..... . . Dumb-bell drill, 2nd Div.
10.30 a.m Various exercises and ladder walking, all the pupils.
11 a.m Exercise, most helpless children, better pupils assist.
11.15 All march a few minutes and dismiss.
2 p.m Kindergarten songs, phonetic drill.
2.30 p.m Kindergarten games.
3 p.m Dumb-bell drill, 1st Div.
3.30 p.m. All marrch a few minutes and dismiss with farevvell songs. — Piano music
to all exercises.
Saticrday.
9 a.m Opening exercises as in other days.
9.30 a.m Beanbag throwing, carpet balls, or rubber balls.
10.30 a.m Exercises and play with colored worsted balls.
11 a.m Carrying bricks, glasses of water, etc.
1 1.30 a.m All march a few minutes and dismiss.
Sunday.
9.30 to 10 a.m. . . All the inmates assemble in large school room — Sing and recite hymns,
with prayer,
3 to 4 p.m The Lord's prayer — singing hymns and sacred recitations.
The above routine was continued from June till Not. 1888, and then changed to the
following : —
102
53 Victoria.
Sessional *Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
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103
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 10). A. 1890
As already stated we have had 73 children attending our training classes during
the year, made up of all grades from fair down to the lowest. Of this number 17 of
them are dumb, 3 being deaf. There are 14 who make an attempt at speaking, but
cannot articulate a word, merely producing sound. There are 16 that can be understood
by those accustomed to their peculiar speech, 3 of whom liave succeeded in learning a
few words. There are therefore only 25 out of the 73 who can speak at all plainly.
Miss Christie was asked to furnish a statement of the year's work from her stand-
point, and I don't think I can do better than to give it in her own words, knowing its
correctness in every particular.
" The year's work has slowly but truly eflfected a great change in the mental as well
as moral disposition of nearly all of the children. Some few are of sad, nervous, excit-
able temperaments, with stubborn wills, as to make it impossible with only two teachera
to do them justice, and for several months their presence in the school room was demoral-
izing to the good behaviour of the others. But they have learned to respect the defects
of their more unfortunate companions, and take their failure to do as they themselves
are expected, as a matter of course. Having all grades in two divisions, many are
capable of greater advancement than we have been able to further. However slow
the improvement, it is a great deal in the course of a year, as is plainly indicated in the
countenances and deportment of most of the children. Visitors are often heard to-
remark, ' How bright they look !' ' How happy they seem to be !' etc., etc., while we know
them to be especially changed in their respect for each other, being kind instead of cruel,
joyous rather than dull or morose, and keenly alive to the ludicrous in work as well as
at play. The quick impulse to kick, pinch or scratch an unoffending companion is
seldom seen in the school room now. Some of the lowest as well as the highest grade-
have transformed the different idiotic movements of the hands before the face into an in-
telligent use of our various appliances, and their ability to perform all the exercises
in some way has steadily increased according to their dormant, but I believe natural skill.
As many as ten low grade children, who for some months took no notice of the work
going on around them, now attempt every exercise of the second division. Some of these
succeed without the assistance of their teacher, and their voluntary attempts to
help a companion, often more capable than themselves, is as amusing as admirable, and
often stimulates the indolent when the teacher fails. Much of our success we owe to the
variety and abundance of material furnished us. The beautiful picture books, toy games,
etc., have been a source of development as well as amusement. As the power of forming
ideas in the abstract is lacking, we can only reach them through something tangible, and-
have therefore collected some illustrations of everything with which a child will generally
come in contact, or is supposed to learn, either in the form of pictures and objects, or in
stories and games. Our work is something like making a fire without matches or coals,,
like the lone and destitute Indian who could only procure a spark to kindle his faggots, and
that from the friction of two stones. So with us ; often there is not a spark of intelligence,
and we must work earnestly and patiently till it appears, and as dexterously as possible
keep it alight till the little flame is kindled. To the brighter class of children the Kin-
dergarten songs, games, blocks, etc., have introduced many truths they had not c jme in
contact with previously, and brought out some children to a wonderful degree who vvere
perfect babies, though not of the very low grade, inasmuch as they call for an all-sided
development, or the opportunity is embodiod in them. Two children in particular were
really infants at 8 years ; one did not talk or walk ; the other about like a child of 2
years. Both do everything intelligently, and march with the classes for the dumb-bell
exercises, but neither talk plainly or at all well. Several pupils keep a class eugaged
with a game while an individual lesson is being given, and one child who last year
could not talk, read, write or handle any of our appliances, is now the brightest of
the whole lot ; not of course the most advanced, but the most capable of advancement
in every respect. She not only regained the power of language, very much as a child
learns first to talk, but reads, writes, counts and takes the most active part in every
exercise, and only the last few weeks does she do so voluntarily, which is the most
remarkable feature of all, so opposed was she to exert herself in any required direc-
tion. Her stubborn will and indomnitable energy, were always in some unprofitable-
104
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 10). A. 1890
pursuit during class exercises, but little by little has she adopted the spirit of the
work, and is with her marvellous improvement, happy and delighted with most every
exercise. Four pupils use the first and second reader ; about 25 read from the chart y
8 write in copy books very nicely, and 30 count objects very well, and in form
and color shew the training to a remarkable extent. In the class of 33, all but 8
will use harmonious colors together, and with the few tints we use, will always suggest
the most artistic effects. With geometrical tablets some make very good designs, show-
ing symmetry to a remarkable degree. They also show considerable ingenuity iu build-
ing with blocks, and in stick laying will make a great variety of representations, etc,"
I offer no apology for including Miss Christie's remarks in this report, as I believe
they will be found interesting, and go to show clearly the material we have to train, and
very largely the methods of training. The drill exercises, with dumb-bells and Indian
clubs, and marching, form a very large and valuable part of the system, and very credit-
able attempts at each are made by the majority of the children. The kindergarten sys-
tem of teaching has been adopted as far as it is suitable and applicable to imbecile chil-
dren, believing that better results can be obtained by this method in a given time, and it
most naturally leads up to industrial training, which after all should be the chief end
aimed at. It is desirable to keep in view the fact that in a year or two more we should
have one or two trade instructors, as by that time we will have some material prepared
to learn some of the simpler trades. Shoemaking would not only be a simple and useful
trade, but in our case, a profitable one as well. Tailoring would also be a suitable trade
for our purpose, as when our population increases, with the completion of our buildings,
we will require additional labor in the sewing rooms, and an intelligent tailor should be-
employed, who could act as instructor in that trade.
Sunday Services.
By reference to the time table it will be seen we have a Sunday service both fore-
noon and afternoon, in connection with our school, which is attended by all the in-
mates, and much enjoyed by them. The ministers of the town have not, however, indi-
cated that they take any interest in this matter, notwithstanding the anxiety displayed
by some of them two years ago to render us some aid in this direction, and when they
went so far as to call ours a " Godless institution."
Officers and Employes.
In conclusion it is but proper to state, and it gives me much pleasure to do so, that
all the ofiicers and employes have performed their duties, with but few exbeptions, in a
very satisfactory manner, and have striven to make the institution as efficient as it is
popular. The teachers especially have labored most conscientiously in the work assigned
to them, and are partially rewarded by the success which have attended their efforts,
I have the honor to be, sir.
Your obedient servant,
A. H. BEATON,
Medical Superintendent.
Orillia, 1st October, 1889.
105
-53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
ANNUAL STATISTICAL REPORT
Of the operations of the Asylum for Insane, Orillia, for the year ending 30th
September, 1889.
TABLE No. 1.
Shewing movements of patients in the Asylum for the official year ending
.30th September, 1889.
Male.
Female.
Total.
Male.
Female.
Total
143
25
141
20
284
Admitted during year : —
By Lieutenant-Governor's Warrant
" Medical Certificate
4
21
2
18
6
39
45
'Total number under treatment during year
168
10
161
10
329
DiBohar^es during year : —
As unimproved
1
1
9
3
4
Total number of discharges during year
Died
Transferred . . .
3
7
4
16
20
Remaining in Asylum, 30th September, 1889
158
305
147
151
309
281
130
586
" discharged
23
109
2
13
14
95
21
37
204
2
34
" died
" eloped .
■" transferred
277
158
151
309
Wmnbor of applications on file 30th Sept., 1889
195
152
347
106
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 2.
Shewing the maximum and minimum number of patients resident in the Asylum,
the total number of days' stay of patients, and the daily average number of
patients in the Asylum, from the 1st October, 1888, to 30th September, 1889.
f
Male.
Female .
Total.
Maximum number of patients in residence (on the 29th of July, 1889)
Minimum " " " (on the 1st of Oct., 1888)
CollectiTe days' stay of all patients in residence during year
Daily average population
158
143
55370
151.70
151
141
53776
147.33
309
284
108146
299 03
Admissions of
Year.
Total Admissions.
SINCE Opening.
Male.
Female .
Total.
Male.
Female.
Total.
Social State.
Married
6
275
6
Single
25
20
45
305
580
Total
25
20
45
305
281
586
Religion.
Presbyterians . . .
4
3
9
2
5
8
3
2
6
8
17
3
9
54
62
73
4
52
6
3
7
44
47
68
80
13
34
3
1
5
30
101
Episcopalians
130
Methodists
Baptists
163
17
Roman Catholics
7
86
Mennonites
9
Quakers
4
Other denominations
2
2
12
Not reported
74
Total
25
20
45
305
281
586
Nationalities.
English
3
1
2
5
1
26
26
20
203
3
11
16
21
21
11
201
6
8
13
47
47
31
Irish
Scotch
Canadian .
21
15
2
1
36
2
1
404
United States
9
Other Countries
Unknown
19
29
25
20
Total
45
305
281
586
107
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 3.
Shewing the Counties from which patients have been admitted up to 30th
September, 1889.
Admitted During Year.
Total Admis.sionb.
COUNTIES.
Male.
Female .
Total.
Male.
Female.
Total.
Brant
5
7
13
1
1
7
10
14
10
8
3
12
4
9
6
9
7
4
11
5
6
11
12
8
2
6
1
i"
1
22
8
6
6
1
9
15
44
4
7
6
1
9
5
16
11
3
5
8
15
10
8
4
3
6
3
12
2
5
12
S
8 .
8
5
5
1
4
G
13
1
5
4
4
3
13
38
281
9
Bruce i
1
4
i'
1
5
14
Carleton
19
Duff erin
2
Elgin
10
Essex
1
1
i"'
1
1
1
12
Frontenac
Grey
26
25
Haldimand
13
Halton
la
Hastings
2
3
2
5
11
Huron
2
27
Kent
14.-
2
1
3
17
10'
Leeds and Granville
12
Lennox and Addington
13
Lincoln
7
Middlesex ....
2"
3
3
2
23
Muskoka District
Norfolk
7
11
Northumberland and Durham
2
2
I
"i"
3
2
1
23
20
Oxford
le
Peel
10
Perth
1
i "
i
1
1
11
Peterborough
Prescott and Hussell
1
6
1
Prince Edward . . . ... ....
5
7
2
1
3
35
9'
11
lO
Welland
2
2
5
.
12
Wentworth
York
2
3
2"
20
2
5
28
82
25
45
305
586
i
108
s')3 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 18S0
TABLE No. 4.
Shewing the Counties from which warranted cases have been admitted up to
30th September, 1889.
Admitted During Year.
Total Admissions.
COUNTIES.
Male.
Female .
Total.
Male.
Female .
Total.
Brant
1
2
4
2"
3
4
3
9
4
""2"
3
2
3
3
1
2
5
2
1
5"
3
.... ^..
3
3
3
1
4
3
fi"
5
1
Bruoe
4
Carleton
1
1
7
Elgin
4
Essex
2
7
7
1
5
16
Grey
11
Haldimand
1
HaltoQ
2
TTa.st.iTip'* , , . , , , ,
2
4
6
Huron
s
Kent
3
Lambton
1
1
2
4
5
2
2
3
2
5
4
4
2
1
4
5
Lanark
5
Leeds and Grenville
7
Lennox and Addington
7
Lincoln
4
Middlesex
4
Muakoka District
1
1
2
Norfolk
10
Northumberland and Durham
7
Ontario
1
1
< 4
Oxford
3
Peel
4
Perth
6
Peterborough .
3
Prescott and Russell
1
1
l"
6
7
2
1
1
1
10
1
Renfrew . .
.5
Simcoe
9
Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry
7
2
Waterloo
1
1
Wentworth . .
7
York
1
1
15
4
2
6
99
85
184
109
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 5.
Shewing the length of residence in the Asyhim of those discharged during
the year ending 30th September, 1889.
No.
Initials.
Sex.
When Admitted.
When Discharged.
Remarks.
549
C. G. C
M. A. jM
A. M
B, McL|
M
F
F
F
October 24th, 1888
March 1st, 1889 .
February 1st, 1889
.%1
March 1st, 1889
June 15th, "
494
" 21st, 1888
July 15th, 1889
679
Sept. 5th "
110
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 6.
Shewing age, length of residence, and proximate cause of death of those wko
died during the year ending 30th September, 1889.
No.
Initials.
I. B. W. . . .
M. B
T. T
H. A. B . . .
I. H. H . . . .
T. M
S. A. D . . . .
E. E. C...
E. S
C. B
E. B. W . . .
M. J. T....
G. B
E. S
G. E. H ...
M. H
Se.x.
Age.
M
10
F. ..
28
M
36
F
14
M
34
M
28
M
11
F
6
F
15
M
30
M
8
F
34
F
16
M
30
M
19
32
Date of Death.
October 21st, 1888 .
25th " ..
Noyember 4th " . .
February 17th, 1889
18th "
March 19th, 1889
April 1st
" 3rd
" 24th
May 6th
" 24th
" 26th
June 5th
" 17th
August 15th
September 13th, 1889
Residence in
Asylum.
11
12
2
6
10
10
4
6
14
7
24
11
17
27
17
28
21
9
27
22
3
11
Proximate cause-
of Death.
Epilepsy.
Peritonitis. .
Epilepsy.
Consumption.
General Debility.
Heart Disease.
General Debility.
Epilepsy.
Phthisis.
Disease of Liver.
Epilepsy.
General Debility.
General Debility.
Epilepsy.
Phthisis.
Bilious F«ver.
Ill
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A 1890
TABLE No. 7.
Shewing in quinquennial periods the ages of those admitted, recovered and
died during the year.
Admitted.
Recovered.
Died.
AGES.
01
Females.
3
o
Males.
Females.
o
to
s
o
From 5 to 10 years
M 10 Ji 15 "
7
5
2
2
4
1
3
8
3
2
3
1
2
7
13
5
4
7
1
4
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
2
3
2
» 15 " 20 "
3
" 20 " 25 "
■" 25 " 30 "
1
3
1
1
2
2
;i ;^0 " 35 "
5
u 35 .1 40 "
1
" 40 "45 " ...
u 45 " 50 " ...
1
^1 50 " 55 "
M 55 11 60 "
ji 60 " 65 "
1
1
" 65 " 70 "
■" 70 " 75 " ....
14 75 .1 80 "
" 80 " 85 "
,11 85 11 90 "
41 90 "95 "
Totals
25
20
45
9
7
16
112
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 8.
Shewing the duration of insanity, length of residence and period of treatment,
etc., during the year ending 30th September, 1889.
PERIODS.
o
!
0
Length of residence of those
remaining in Asylum on
30th September.
Periods of treatment of those
who were discharged cured
during the year.
Periods of treatment of those
who were discharged im-
proved during the year.
Periods of treatment of those
who were discharged un-
improved during the year.
Under one month . .
2
1
7
3
3
5
3
3
1
4
8
4
32
43
34
6
9
8
From 1 to 2 months
„ 2 „ 3 ,.
, 3 1. 4 M
„ 4 „ 5
11 5 n 6 It
„ 7 -t 8 „
„ 8 ,. 9 „
„ 9 ,.10 ,.
„ 10 .,11 „
,. 11 „ 12 ,
„ 12 M 18 „
t. 18 months to 2 years
fi 2 to 3 years ...
„ 3 „ 4 „
„ 4 ,. 5 „
„ 5 .. 6 „
„ 6 „ 7
47
<i 7 ,. 8 1,
6
11
7
62
„ 8 ,. 9 ..
„ 9 .1 10 ,.
,. 10 .,15 „
„ 15 ..20
It 20 years and upwards
Not stated
4
Totals
309
9 (A.)
113
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No 9.
Shewing the nature of employment and the number of day's work performed by
patients during the year ending 30th September, 1889.
NATURE OF EMPLOYMENT.
Carpenter's shop.
Tailor's shop ....
Shoe shop
Engineer's shop . .
Blacksmith's shop
Mason work .
Repairing roads
Wood yard and coal shed
Bakery
Laundry
Dairy
10
Days Worked.
Males.
300
991
900
Females.
Total,
300
991
900
620
3010
3630
Butcher's shop and slaughter house .
Piggery
Painting
Farm
Garden and
Grounds
Stable
Kitchen
Dining rooms . . .
Officers' quarters
Sewing rooms . . .
Knitting
Spinning .
Mending .
Wards . .
Halls
4
5
10
2
3
10
600
4000
1460
365
1095
365
38
5800
1460
2550
365
900
3130
600.
4000'
1460
1825
3645
730
900
3130
8030 I 13830
Storeroom . . .
General
Total
2765
2765
126
19261 19445 38706
114
63 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 10).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 10.
Shewing the Counties and Districts from which the patients remaining in
residence on the 30th September, 1889, were originally received.
COUNTIES AND DISTRICTS.
Males.
Females.
Total,
Algoma District
1
1
3
3
1
1
2
4
IJi
1
3
Brant
l'"
1
9
3""
3
1
6
2
2
Bruce
Carleton
Duflferin
Dundas
Durham
2
5
3
2
r.
Elgin
fi
Essex
Q
Frontenac
A
2
Gren villa
Grey
9
5
3
3
7
2
7
3
2
6
8
2
4
7
9
5
4
* 2
2
6
2
5
2
17
7
7
10
16
7
w
Haldimand
Halton
Hastings
Huron
Kent
Lambton
Lanark
Leeds
5
4
Lennox and Addington
12
2
Middlesex
Muskoka District
6
3
11
Nipissing District
Norfolk
3
3
7
4
3
3
4
4
Q
Northumberland
Ontario
6
11
Oxford
3
Parry Sound District
Peel
3
4
2
2
3
5
Perth
6
Peterborough
3
Prescott
1
1
1
Prince Edward
2
3
Rainy River District
Renfrew
1
4
5
Russell -
Simcoe
8
2
6
14
Stormont
2
Victoria ■
1
3
3
2
4
3
4
23
4
Waterloo
5
Welland
4
Wellington
3
6
24
6
Wentworth
10
47
Not classed, unknown, etc
158
151
309
115
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 1890
TWENTY-SECOND ANNUAL REPORT
OF THE
INSPECTOR OF PRISONS AND PUBLIC CHARITIES
UPON THE
COMMON GAOLS, PRISONS,
AND REFORMATORIES,
PEOVINCE OF ONTAEIO,
BEING FOE THE YEAR ENDING 30th SEPTEMBER,
1889.
FEINTED BY ORDER OF THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY.
TORONTO ^
PRINTED|BY WARWICK & SONS, 68 AND 70 FRONT STREET WEST,
1890.
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1880
Office op the
Inspector of Prisons and Public Charities, OStario,
Parliament Buildings, Toronto, October, 1889.
Sir, — I have the honor to transmit hprewith, to be presented to Hia Honour, the
Lieutenant Governor, the Twenty-second Annual Report upon the Oommon Gaols, Prisons
and Reformatories of the Province of Ontario, being for the official year ending on the
30th September, 1889.
I have the honour to be. Sir,
Your most obedient servant,
R CHRISTIE,
Inspector.
The Honourable
J. M. Gibson, M.P.P.,
Secretary for the Province of Ontario,
Toronto.
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890'
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
PAGK.
Common Gaols 2-74
Increase in number of commitments 2;
Commitments, Table of, since 1868 2
Ratio of increase in commitments of men 2
" decrease " boys 2
" " " women 2
Table No. 1^ giving details of commitments 3
Causes for which prisoners were committed. 1876-1889 4
Crimes against the person, Table of 4
" " property " 4
" " public morals and decency, Table of 5
Offences against public order and peace. Table of 5
Other cauees for which persons were detained, Table of 6
Drunkenness, increase in commitments for 6
Drunkenness, Table of commitments for 7
Disposition made of persons committed 8
Convicted persons, places where sentenced to 8
Crimes and offences of which sentenced persons were convicted 8-9'
Periods of sentence awarded 10
Sex of persons committed 10
Nationalities of persons committed 10
Religious denomination of persons committed 11
Social condition of persons committed 11
Habits of persons committed 11
Educational status of persons committed 11
Prisoners in custody on 30th September, 1889 11
Expenditure, Table of 11
Statistical Tables 1 3-38
Table No. 2, shewing the total number of prisoners in the several gaols on the
30th September, 1889, and the nature of their imprisonment 13
Table No. 3, shewing the number of prisoners over and under 16 years of age,
the number of re-committals, the number of persons acquitted on being brought
to trial, and the number of persons committed under civil processes 14-15-
Table No. 4, shewing the offences for which prisoners were cuynmitted 16-19-
Table No. 5, shewing the total number of prisoners, male and female, committed
under each offence, during the year •. 20^
Table No. 6, shewing the number of prisoners, male and female, seutenoed during
the year, and a comparison of the same with the preceding year 21
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
Statistical Tables — Continued. page.
Table No. 7, shewing the number of prisoners upon whom sentence was passed,
the nature and periods of the sentences, and the operation of the County
Judge's Criminal Courts 22-23
Table No. 8, shewing the offences for which prisoners were sentenced 24-27
Table No. 9, shewing the total number of prisoners, male and female, sentenced
under each oflfence 28
Table No. 10, shewing the nationalities, religious denominations, social state, etc.,
of the prisoners committed 29
Table Ne. 11, shewing the occupations, trades or callings of the prisoners com-
mitted during the year 30-33
Table No. 12, shewing the number of escapes and deaths, the revenue derived
from prison labour, the cost of diet, the accommodation of the gaols and the
highest and lowest number of prisoners in custody in each gaol during the
year 34-35
Table No. 13, shewing how the prisoners committed during the year were main-
tained, the cost thereof and the salaries of officials 36-37
Table No. 14, shewing the daily cost per prisoner in each of the gaols of the
Province, for the year ending 30th September, 1889 38
Separate Reports upon Common Gaols ^. 39-74
Barrie Gaol 39
Berlin " 39-40
Belleville Gaol \ 40-41
Brantford " 42-43
Brampton " 44
Brockville " 45
Bracebridge Gaol 45-46
Cayuga " 46
Cornwall " 46-47
Cobourg •' 47-48
Chatham " 48-49
Goderich " 49
Guelph " 49-50
Hamilton " 50-51
Kingston ' • .' 51
London " 52
Lindsay " 52-54
L'Orignal " 54
Milton " 54-55
Napanee " 55
Ottawa " 55-66
Owen Sound " 56-57
Orangeville " 57
Perth " 57-58
Picton " . . . . : 58
Pembroke " 58-59
Peterborough Gaol 59-60
vi.
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
Separate Reports upon Common Gaols — Continued page.
Port Arthur Gaol 60
Parry Sound " GO
Rat Portage " 61
Simcoe " 01
St. Catharines " 61-62
Samia " 62-63
Stratford " 63-64
Sandwich " 64-65
St. Thomas " 65
Sault Ste. Marie Gaol '. 65-66
Toronto " 66-69
Walkerton " 69-70
Woodstock " 70
Welland " 70-71
Whitby '• 7i
Gore Bay Lock-up 72
Little Current " 72
Manitowaning " 72
Mattawa " 72
Sudbury " 72-73
Huntsville " 73
Fort William " 73
Bruce Mines " 73
Killarney " 74
Burk's Falls " 74
North Bay " 74
Central Prison 75-106
Table of committals, discharges, etc 75
Comments thereon 76
Nature of sentence awarded 76
Periods of sentence, Table of 77
Nationalities of prisoners committed 78
Religiovis denominations of prisoners committed 78
Civil condition " " 78
Social habits " " 78
Educational status " " 78
Percentage of prisoners reported to be temperate 78
" of totally uneducated jJrisoners 78
Maintenance expenditure, Table of 79
Manufacturing operations — cost of carrying on 80
Revenue derived from 80
Decrease in revenue 80
Days' work done by the prisoners, Table of 80
Proportion of productive labovir to total stay 81
Transferring prisoners, cost of 81
Discharged prisoners, places sent to 8^-83
vii.
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
■Central Prison — Cordinued. ■ page.
Minutes of inspection 28th and 29tli March 83-84
" " 1st November 85-86
Report of Warden 87-92
Statistical tables 93-100
Report of Sujierintendent of Sunday School 100-101
" Prisoners' Aid Association 101-102
" Prison Schoolmaster 102-103
" Surgeon 104-166
Reformatory foe Females and Refuge for Girls 107-130
Introductory remarks 107
Movements of inmates of Reformatory and Refuge, Tables of 108
Maintenance of expenditure, Table of 109
Industi'ial Department, summary of work done and revenue received 109-110
Minutes of inspection, 22nd May 110-111
" " 5th September 111-112
Report of Superintendent 112-115
Statistical tables of Reformatory 115-120
Refuge 121-123
Report of Surgeon : 124-129
" upon Sunday School 130
Reformatory for Boys 131-150
Increase in population '. 131
Committals and discharges 131
Maintenance expenditures, Table of 132
Minutes of inspection, 22nd March 132-133
" " 16th and 17th October 138-134
Report of School Inspector 135-136
" Superintendent 137-138
Statistical Tables 138-141
Report of Protestant Chaplain 142-143
" Eoman Catholic Chaplain 143-144
Protestant Schoolmaster 145-147
Romon Catholic Schoolmaster 148-150
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
COMMON GAOLS, PRISONS AND REFORMATORIES.
TWENTY-SECOND
ANNUAL REPORT
OF THE
INSPECTOR OF PRISONS AND PUBLIC CHARITIES
FOR THE
PROVINCE OF ONTARIO.
Parliament Buildings,
Toronto, November, 1889.
To the Honourable Sir Alexander Campbell, K.C.M.G,, Lieutenant-Governor
of the Province of Ontario
May it Please your Honour : —
Herewith I beg to submit the Twenty-second Annual Report upon the
Common Gaols, Prisons and Reformatories of the Province of Ontario, bein^
for the official year ending on the 30th September, 1889.
I have the honour to be,
Your Honour's most obedient servant.
R. CHRISTIE,
Inspector.
1(G.)
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papera (No, 11).
A. 181>0
COMMON GAOLS.
In submitting the twenty-second annual report upon the Common Gaols of
Ontario, it is gratifying to note that while there has been a slight increase in
the total number of commitments of adult males yet there has been a marked
decrease in the commitments of females and boys as shown in the following
statement :
DATE OF COMMITMENT.
Commitments for the year ending 30th Sept.
1869
1870
1871
1872
1873
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
1889
f>i
3599
4215
4586
5006
5745
7298
8018
9005
11053
9537
8995
8829
7007
7286
7858
9858
9419
8831
8996
10060
10349
a o
294
319
329
281
323
377
389
434
542
480
416
549
468
522
423
458
450
352
409
551
451
o o
C3 02
S '—
a =*
1680
1737
1642
1615
1735
1746
1566
1727
1824
1959
1756
1863
1681
1750
1551
1719
1507
1424
1574
1778
1685
CD
lO bo
3 O
82
108
58
56
74
67
70
70
62
54
53
59
73
62
48
46
50
38
38
65
46
5655
6379
6615
6958
7877
9488
10073
11236
13481
12030
11220
11300
9229
9620
9880
12081
11426
10645
11017
12454
12531
From the foregoing table it will be seen that the figures relating to the year
under report when compared with 188S show that a small increase has taken
place in the total number of commitments, namely, 77 or 0.61 per cent. Although
the number of adult males was increased by 289 or 2.87 per cent. The adult
females were less by 93 or 0.52 per cent., and the girls under 16 years of age were
also reduced by 19 or 29.23 per cent., making a total reduction in the number of
females committed during the year of 112 or 6.08 per cent, as previously alluded
to. There was also a decrease in the number of boys committed during the year
of 100 or 18.15 per cent.
2
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 1890
The next table shows the number of prisoners (male and female) committed to
each gaol during 18^S8 and 1889, and the increase and decrease in the commit-
ments of the latter year as compared with the former.
NAME OF GAOL.
Number of
persons committed
in the year ended
Sept. 30th, 1889.
Number of
prisoners committed
in the year ended
Sept. 30th, 1888.
I
ncrease
Decrease.
Is
a
24
8
25
28
9
19
16
6
6
15
34
8
15
125
23
123
7
2
8
14
121
19
6
13
16
6
3
7
9
18
13
5
21
26
9
832
12
20
8
19
"'i'
4
o
'cS
S
a;
'3
1
r5J
"cS
a
1
_a3
Is
s
Is
1
Barrie
195
112
197
377
i;44
160
84
116
81
118
174
66
72
800
231
919
5f)
27
324
30
520
173
65
65
53
68
95
46
38
108
99
81
248
145
181
155
118
3119
92
377
174
68
3
28
19
31
5
219
120
222
405
253
179
100
122
87
133
208
74
87
925
254
1042
63
29
332
44
641
192
71
78
53
75
111
52
4]
115
108
99
261
150
202
181
127
3951
104
397
182
87
3
29
23
31
5
160
105
221
312
257
117
22
72
53
90
127
117
120
849
172
746
57
13
487
30
532
177
58
66
62
43
131
48
24
103
64
60
197
136
170
131
181
3305
92
416
160
83
• 4
6
13
30
2
14
7
29
34
6
14
3
3
8
13
16
13
10
182
37
137
12
4
6
15
183
5
2
16
""i7"
23
2
2
6
13
19
18
22
22
17
10
823
9
32
12
13
174
112
250
346
263
131
25
75
61
103
143
130
130
1031
209
883
69
17
493
45
715
182
60
82
62
60
154
50
26
109
77
79
215
158
192
148
191
4128
101
448
172
96
35
7.
10
1
45
8
"24
"'13'
Berlin
4
6
Belleville
28
6
13
65
"43'
62
44
28
28
47
"'3'
5
13
3
""2
18
65
3
48
75
47
28
30
65
Brockville
Bracebridge
'"'2'
Cornwall
2
Cobourg
Chatham
Goderich
"51
48
49
' "1'
"ies'
""5
'■'57'
14
14
5
2
1
62
56
Guelph
5
5
48
106
Hamilton
Kingston
London
59
173
59
173
14
14
Lindsay
6
2
L'Orignal
14
'"'2'
14
2
Milton
163
1
74
4
Napanee
Ottawa
12
4
Owen Sound
■■j-
14
4
14
11
Orangeville
Perth
9
1
■■■36'
2
3
"io"
7
4
9
10
43
2
Picton
Pembroke
25
25
Peterboro
Port Arthur
5
35
21
51
9
11
24
4
1
1
" 9
4
15
6
35
21
51
9
11
33
Parry Sound
Eat Portage
'
:::;:;
4
1
5
17
1
4
1
5
17
1
St, Catharines
Sarnia
Stratford
Sandwich
St. Thomas
Sault St. Marie
63
186
'"39
"'15'
1
1
"12'
4
64
Toronto
Walkerton
"u
9
3
"'e'
9
3
"14
6
186
Woodstock
51
Welland
Whitby
4
15
Lock-ups —
Gore Bay
I
. .. . ' 4
1
Little Current
■'3'
4
1
6
16
34
3
22
6
1
3
1
1
23
7
1
3
Manitowaning
Mattawa
■■■4'
1
""4
I
Mmden
Haliburton
Sudbury
50
5
78
4
18
87
'"'ie'
1
5
50
5
94
5
18
92
82
4
92
12
4
"'i'
1
86
4
93
13
32
4
36
Huntsville
1
"15'
1
15
Fort William
Bruce Mines
14
8
"14'
8
Burk's Falls
18
87
■■5'
18
92
North Bay
12454
Total
10799
1732
12531
10611
1843
959
135
1094
771
246
1017
63 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 1890
Toronto, although shewing a large increase in 1888, shews the material
decrease of 177 in 1889. Milton also shews a large decrease, viz., 161. The other
decreases are scattered over several of the gaols, in each case the number being
small. Among those gaols that increases have taken place in the number of com-
mitments are London, 159 ; Bracebridge, 75 ; Brantford, 59; Cayuga, 47; Chat-
ham, 65 ; St. Thomas, 33.
The number of commitments in each of the past thirteen years is shewn in
the subjoined tables, divided into five classes :
1. CRIMES AGAINST THE PERSON.
Nature of
Chime.
1877.
1878.
1879.
1880.:
1881.
1882.
1883.
1884.
1885.
1886.
1887.
1888.
1889.
Assault, com-
mon
641
724
549
623
556
576
572
586
672
501
469
482
534
Assault, feloni-
134
98
125
85
88
12 1
51
146
169
186
153
210
197
■Cutting and
wounding,
stabbing and
shooting with
intent
92
71
62
63
40
73
52
50
46
94
99
94
138
Rape, and as-
sault with in-
tent
39
37
45
44
36
56
46
44
68
39
31
40
39
Murder
39
24
25
42
23
29
30
45
25
32
19
37
31
Manslaughter. .
7
6
60
7
7
9
12
20
12
6
13
21
18
Attempt at sui-
cide
7
11
6
9
8
10
8
10
5
10
8
7
9
Miscellaneous . .
31
38
25
847
31
904
95
43
48
32
46
39
46
32
2
Total
990
1,009
853
920
859
933
1,013
907
838
923
968
2. CRIMES AGAINST PROPERTY.
Nature op
Crime.
Arson and in-
cendiarism. . . .
Burglary. .....
Counterfeiting
and passing
counterfeit
mon^'y
Destroying and
injuring pro-
perty
Embezzlement..
Forgery
Fraud, and ob-
taining money
or goods under
false pretences.
Horse, cattle
and sheep steal-
ing
Housebrea king
and robbery . .
Larceny
Receiving stolen
goods
Trespass
Miscellanpous . .
Total
137
84
43
2,070
38
73
42
1877.
1878.
35
47
58
89
23
10
115
138
24
29
31
48
151
89
57
1,818
64
103
43
1879.
1880.
49
103
31
93
19
15
126
28
64
130
23
50
131
101
86
70
102
1,626
103
1,669
38
122
29
42
123
73
2,523
2,523
1881. 1882,
15
82
54
80
1,363
26
112
78
1,990
23
63
11
138
19
34
106
73
67
1,401
45
110
85
2,175
1883.
1884.
1885.
47
61
24
44
35 i
51
1
5
10
80
25
35
122
36
30
112
32
60
106
113
149
49
63
73
61
1,278
156
1,742
146
1,589
33
120
93
34
238
69
38
222
97
1,989
2,676
2,614
43
73 I
118
77
1887.
1
1888.
21
36 1
35
72
15
1
1
25
73
75
26
32
38
64 1
1
85 I 136
79
124 I 112
1,396 1 1,370
47
195
62
27
212
90
80
51
76
86
17
49
125
81
156 I 164
1,698 1,606
38
315
85
48
329
2,183 12,812 2,636
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 1890
3. CRIMES AGAINST PUBLIC MORALS AND DECENCY.
Nature of
Ckime.
1877.
1878.
1879.
1880.
1881..
1882.
1883.
6
133
130
8
1
45
13
1884.
7
183
106
12
48
62
1885.
13
172
85
19
2
40
45
1886.
1887.
1888.
1889.
Bigamy
Inmates and fre-
q u e n t e r s of
houses of ill-
fame
Keeping houses
of ill-fame
Perjury
Seducti(m
12
137
89
32
2
27
116
9
197
117
25
2
40
129
14
189
92
25
2
41
89
5
236
134
27
6
171
102
15
10
194
137
15
13
181
71
5
48
28
15
146
89
14
8
49
80
8
190
110
21
14
64
39
16
136
103
25
19
Indecent assault
and exposure. .
Miscellaneous . .
40
50
492
38
67
399
32
78
466
76
59
Total ....
415
519
449
366
418
376 j 346
401
446
434
4. OFFENCES AGAINST PUBLIC ORDER AND PEACE.
Natork of
Crime.
1877.
Abusive and ob-
scene language 73
Breaches of
peace, bi-eaches
of by-laws, es-
capes from and
obstructing
constables I 90
Carrying unlaw- 1
ful weapons. . . 25
Deserting em- 1
ployment \ 21
Drunk and dis-l
orderly ... 4,032
Selling liquor
without license, I
and selling orl
giving it to
Indians 160
Threatening!
and seditious
lant^uage 48
Vagrancy 3,888
Miscellaneous . . 217
1878.
Total .
8,544
101
143
37
27
3,785
153
36
2,524
260
7,066
1879.
72
130
27
10
1880.
3,581
122
48
2,536
174
6,700
95
109
34
27
3,795
115
48
2,210
207
6,640
1881. 1882.
65
18
41
3,328 3,497
83
57
1,580
131
70
26
1,449
120
1883.
87
137
35
30
1884.
76
156
49
3,895 4,650
5,388 5.391
I
53
50
1,554
227
6,068
71
22
2,130
179
7,341
1885.
44
117
29
3
3,696
60
47
2,455
220
6,671
1886.
1887.
1888.
50
42
49
1
136
166
167
38
35
42
4
5
7
3,555
4,130
4,451
106
128
246
52
43
38
2,243
166
2,192
145
2,301
213
6,350
6,886
7,514
1889.
70
163
29
6
4,777
157
40
2,164
316
7,722
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 1890
5. OTHER CAUSES FOR WHICH PERSONS WERE DETAINED AS PRISONERS.
Nat PRE OF
Crime.
1877.
1878.
1879.
1880.
1881.
124
46
17
338
1882.
76
59
16
432
1883.
97
64
21
345
1884.
107
53
19
433
1885.
120
63
18
433
1886.
113
47
20
470
1887.
Ill
60
15
460
1888.
120
78
31
473
1889.
Contempt of
Court
Debtors
Detained as wit-
nesses
136
60
17
336
41
159
749
133
67
31
307
39
173
750
149
72
12
339
180
86
18
346
134
107
49
Lunatics and
persons dan-
gerous to be at
large
437
Non-payment of
fines and costs.
Want of sureties
to keep the
peace
129
111
74
88
101
628
101
88
78
63
57
45
Total
701
741
599
688
713
12,081
722
11,426
728
709
759
772
Total number of
persons com-
mitted for the
respective years
13,481
12,030
11,220
n,300
9,229
9,620
9,880
10,645
11,017
12,454
12,531
As compared with the previous year the commitments under the first head-
ing have generally decreased, with the exception of common assault and cutting
and wounding where there have been slight increases in the numbers.
The committals under the second heading being for crimes against property
also shew a decrease with but few exceptions.
The foregoing remarks will also apply to section three, crimes against public
morals and decency.
Under the fourth head, offences against public order and peace, there has
been a general increase of 208, which was principally for drunkenness, there
being an increase for that offence of 326, while for some of the other crimes there
have been small decreases, making a total increase under this head as above.
The other causes for which persons were detained shew a slight increase,
while there has been a decrease in the number of lunatics committed to the gaols.
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 1890
A table shewing the number of comraitraents to each gaol for drunkenness during
the years 1885, 1886, 1887, 1888 and 1889 is annexed. The figures for 1888
and 1889 are compared and the increases or decreases in each place are shewn.
NAME OF GAOL.
Barrie
Berlin
Belleville
Brantford
Brampton
Brockvill*
Bracebridge
Cayuga
Cornwall
Cobourg
Chatham
Goderich
Guelph
Hamilton ,
Kingston
London
Lindsay
L'Orignal
Milton
Napanee
Ottawa
Owen Sound . , .
Orangeville
Perth
Picton
Pembroke
Peterboro'
Port Arthur ....
Parry Sound
Kat Portage
Simcoe.
St. Catharines. . .
Sarnia
Stratford
Sandwich
St. Thomas . . . .
Sault Ste. Marie
Toronto
Walkerton
Woodstock
Welland
Whitby
Lock-ups : —
Gore Bay
Little Current.
Manitowaning
Mattawa
Minden
Haliburton
Sudbury
Huntsville ....
iort William .
Bruce Mines . .
North Bay
Burk's Falls. . .
a «
S 3
o
^rM
Total
Actual increase in 1889, com-
pared with 1888
31
7
45
28
24
80
67
18
3
26
18
3
32
3G8
74
277
30
3
9
6
205
36
1
6
41
11
27
66
87
4
29
130
17
47
57
2
1707
21
3
4
17
3696
be
s s
S 2
Q
^M
35
4
34
91
8
36
7
15
1
15
14
4
12
385
58
338
1
1
13
3
280
20
3
4
54
2
13
30
53
6
21
72
15
31
30
1
1705
2
28
40
3
13
13
2
1
36
3555
"a I
16
8
51
112
10
24
7
17
4
6
7
22
373
108
404
1
286
21
3
9
20
2
11
28
1
56
5
21
38
12
45
25
74
2166
6
32
64
4130
■is
a §
28
12
67
147
24
31
3
24
7
12
9
4
21
429
107
408
4
'O T5 "^
e ^
a a> se
t^zo
19
7
297
29
1
4
45
26
16
1
73
3
28
64
9
46
29
103
2098
22
64
12
3
2
11
5
27
2
59
9
4451
46
20
39
218
28
52
25
25
29
28
61
2
10
401
139
540
3
2
13
4
276
27
4
2
38
4
20
18
16
74
17
33
99
16
47
23
30
2096
8
55
21
5
1
14
18
45
1
43
1
28
3
4777
Increase or
Decrease during
TEAR ENDING 3CTH
Sept., 1889.
Increase.
18
71
4
21
22
1
22
16
52
32
132
2
15
1
14
5
35
7
1
12
7
3
1
18
28
3
574
326
Decrease.
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 1890
The disposition made of the persons committed to the gaols of the Province'
is set forth in the table printed below :
Acquitted on being brought to trial, and discharged 2,906
Discharged without trial by order of judges, magistrates,
and courts, including remand cases 1,066
Detained for want of sureties to keep the peace 60
Detained as witnesses 43
Detained as fraudulent debtors . . .■ 115
Detained as lunatics, idiots, and persons unsafe to be at large 424
Died before trial 14
Detained by civil processes other than above 87
Waiting trial and otherwise detained on the 30th Sept., 1888 124
I'ound guilty and sentenced 7,692
Total number of commitments 12,531
The places of confinement to which the 7,692 convicted persons were sen-
tenced are set forth in the following statement, and similar information is given
as regards the sentenced prisoners of the previous year :
1888. 1889.
Sentenced to Kingston Penitentiary 147 172
do to the Reformatory for Boys 87 79
do direct to the Central Prison 415 475
do to the Common Gaols and subsequently
transferred to the Central Prison 268 276
do direct to the Reformatory for Females . . 129 98
do to Common Gaols and subsequently trans-
ferred to the Reformatory for Females 47 30
do to the Common Gaols and there detained
until expiration of sentence 6,403 6,562
Total 7,496 7,692
The summaries given below show the nature of the oSences committed by
the convicted prisoners : —
1. Crimes against the Person.
Total com-
mitments for
the year.
Assault, common 534
Assault, felonious 197
Cutting and wounding, stabbing, and shooting
with intent 138
Rape, and assault with intent 39
Murder 31
Manslaughter 18
Attempted suicide 9
Miscellaneous 2
Number
found guilty
and Scintenced.
358
115
60
12
7
4
2
6
968
564
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 1890
2. Crimes against Property.
Total com-
mitments for
the year.
Arson and incendiarism 51
Burglary 76
Counterfeiting and passing counterfeit money . . 4
Destroying and injuring property 86
Embezzlement 17
Forgery 49
Fraud, and obtaining money and goods under
false pretences 125
Horse, cattle and sheep stealing 81
Housebreaking and robbery 164
Larceny 1,606
Receiving stolen goods 48
Trespass 329
Miscellaneous
Number
found guilty
and sentenced.
16
31
2
60
6
20
50
46
84
1,000
26
270
2,686 1,611
3. Grimes against Public Morals and Decency.
Bigamy 16 10
Inmates and frequenters of houses of ill-fame . . 136 54
Keeping houses of ill-fame 103 50
Perj ury 25 4
Seduction 19 1
Indecent assault and exposure 76 46
Miscellaneous 59 37
434 202
4. Offences against Public Order and Peace.
Abusive and obscene language 70 47
Breaches of peace, breaches of by-laws, escapes
from and obstructing constables 163 102
Carrying unlawful v^reapons 29 29
Deserting employment 6 5
Drunk and disorderly 4,777 3,359
Seiling liquor without a license, and selling or
giving it to Indians 157 151
Threatening and seditious language 40 12
Vagrancy 2,164 1,266
Miscellaneous 315 230
_7,721 5,201
11,759 7,578
Contempt of Court 134 1 14
Total : 11,898 7,692
The convictions represent 61.38 per cent, of the commitments, a little higher
ratio than last year.
9
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
The following tables shew the periods of sentence passed on the convicted
prisoners, and the sex, nationalities, religious denominations, social conditions,
habits, etc., of the total number of prisoners committed : —
Periods of Sentence-
1888. 1889.
For periods under thirty days 2,689 3,1 17
For thirty days, and up to sixty days, or two
months, not including the last term 2,539 2,248
For sixty days, or two months G89 659
Over t\vo months to three months 458 466
Over three months to four months 137 l8l
Over four months to five months 46 Sb
Over five months to six months 420 428
Over six months to nine months 75 7 1
Over nine months up to one year inclusive .... 95 99
Over one year and up to two years 109 113
Over two years and up to three years in the
Penitentiary 57 65
Over three years in the Penitentiary 90 102
For periods of any length in the Reformatory
for Boys 87 81
Sentenced to death and executed 1
Sentenced to death and commuted to imprison-
ment. 1 1
-Sentenced to imprisonment with corporal punish-
ment 3 3
7,496 7,692
Sex.
Male 10,611 6,608
Female ] ,843 1,084
12,454 7,692
JS^ ationalities.
Born in Canada 6,056 6,270
Born in England 2,105 2,142
Born in Ireland 2,514 2,870
Born in Scotland 626 644
Born in the United States 815 840
Born in other countries 338 265
12,454 12,531
Religions Denominations.
1888. 1889.
Homan Catholic 4,499 4,544
Church of England 3,025 3,876
Presbyterian 1,590 1,610
Methodist 1,646 1,682
Other Denominations 794 819
12,454 12,531
10
63 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11),
A. 1890
Hocicd Conditions.
1888.
Married 4,446
Unmarried 8,008
1889
4,637
7,894
Habits.
12,454 12,531
Temperate 3,732 3,798
Intemperate 8,722 8,733
Educational Status.
12,454 12,581
Could read and write 10,076 9,933
Could neither read nor write 2,378 2,598
12,454 12,531
The number of prisoners confined in the various custodial institutions of the
Province at the close of the past official year, and of the year preceding, is
exhibited in the following summary : —
In the Common Gaols
In the Central Prison, Toronto
In the Reformatory for Boys, Penetanguishene . .
In the Reformatory for Females and Refuge for
Girl;, Toronto
In the Dominion Penitentiary, Kingston
1888.
1889.
730
675
346
352
196
210
170
131
536
573
Gaol Expenditures.
1,978 1,941
The usual table is appended shewing the cost of maintaining the Common
Oaols during the past twelve years, under the headings of rations, clothing,
fuel, salaries and wages, and repairs : —
YEAR.
Total number of ,
prisoners in
custody each
year.
Cost of rations,
clothing, fuel,
etc., each year.
Cost of salaries,
and wages of
gaol officials
each year.
Cost of repairs.
Total gaol expen-
diture.
$ c.
$ c.
$ c.
$ c.
1878
12,030
60,217 83
63,591 11
7,307 06
131,116 60
1879
11,220
58,856 21
63,914 40
5, .583 44
122,3.55 08
1880
11,300
49.037 14
64,084 34
3,504 96
116,626 44
1881
9,229
45,001 05
63,502 00
3,410 12
111,915 15
1882
9,620
44,768 92
63,794 30
4,605 53
113,228 75
1883
9,880
44,783 50
64,935 96
4,706 20
114,425 66
1884
12,081
51,909 89
68,446 88
7,125 50
127,482 27
1885
11,426
54,321 35
70,344 96
5,081 55
129,747 86
1886
10,645
53,300 43
71,690 76
8,753 07
133,744 26
1887
11,017
48,650 27
71,291 58
6,146 71
126,088 56
1888
12,454
53,961 25
73,673 11
6,509 13
1.34,143 49
1889
12,531
55,002 89
77,667 84
3,313 20
135,983 93
11
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
A summary is given below shewing the days stay respectively of those
prisoners whose maintenance was chargeable to the Province and of those who
were a charge on the Municipalities : —
3,131 Criminal prisoners remained in Gaol 79,750 days.
9,400 Municipal " " " 197,350 ""
12,531 Prisoners in all " " 277,100 "
Statistical Tables.
Following this portion of the report will be found the tables named in the
list given hereunder : —
Table No. 2, shewing the total number of prisoners in the several gaols on the
30th September, 1889, and the nature of their imprisonment.
Table No. 3, shewing the number of prisoners over and under 16 years of age, the
number of re-committals, the number of persons acquitted on being brought
to trial, and the number of persons committed under civil processes.
Table No, 4, shewing the offences for which prisoners were com'niitted.
Table No. 5, shewing the total number of prisoners, male and female, C07n7nitted
under each offence, during the year.
Table No. 6, shewing the number of prisoners, male and female, sentenced during
the year, and a comparison of the same with the preceding year.
Table No. 7, shewing the number of prisoners upon whom sentence was passed,
the nature and periods of the sentences, and the operation of the County
Judges' Criminal Courts.
Table No. 8, shewing the offences for which prisoners were sentenced.
Table No. 9, shewing the total number of prisoners, male and female, sentenced
under each offence.
Table No. 10, shewing the nationalities, religious denominations, social state, etc.,
of the prisoners committed.
Table No. 11, shewing the occupations, trades, or callings of the prisoners com-
mitted during the year.
Table No. 12, shewing the number of escapes and deaths, the revenue derived
from prison labor, the cost of diet, the accommodation of the gaols, and the
highest and lowest number of prisoners in custody in each gaol during the
year.
Table No. 13, shewing how the prisoners committed during the year were main-
tained, the cost thereof, and the salaries of officials.
Table No. 14, shewing the daily cost per prisoner in each of the gaols of the
Province, for the year ending 30th September, 1889.
After these tables will be found the separate reports upon the gaols and
lock-ups.
12
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 2.
Shewing the total number of prisoners who were in the several Gaols of the
Province on the evening of 30th September, 1889, and the nature of their
imprisonment.
Classification.
Nature of Imprisonment.
0.0 C5
NAME OF GAOL.
s
i
■a
to <«
CO
t-(
u
<v
0
Under sentence
for periods of 2
mo's and under.
Under sentence
forperiodsover
2 months.
Indefaultofsure-
ties to keep the
peace.
Insane, idiotic
or imbecile
persons.
ID
(S
0
Total number of
sons who rema
in custody 30th
September, 188
Barrie
15
1
27
15
3
10
1
8
8
16
15
1
9
20
13
22
4
9
5
2
17
14
17
7
3
10
1
9
17
2
5
5
3
18
Berlin
1
Belleville
Brant ford
2
3
1
4
1
1
1
8
6
3
30
18
Brampton
Brockville
3
3
5
1
2
13
Bracebridge
Cavuara . . .
1
4
3
4
6
9
....
1
1
6
1
4
1
3
2
4
"i"
"i'
"'i'
8
Cornvvall
2
8
6
1
3
1
10
6
1
3
2
2
12
8
13
8
i'
8
Cobour^
7
3
4
1
5
7
10
3
1
23
Chatham
18
Goderich
5
Guelph
5
9
4
9
1
12
4
12
3
'"'2'
2
10
2
2
1
10
Hamilton
Kingston
1
26
20
London
Lindsay
L'Orignal
Milton
32
4
"'i'
2
11
3
1
1
1
5
1
1
10
6
Napanee
Ottawa
4
6
6
2
1
"'i'
29
Owen Sound
17
Orangeville
Perth
17
3
1
10
Picton
Pembroke .
10
7
5
2
2
1
2
2
9
6
2
""i*
^
12
Peter boro . .
9
Port Arthur
2
2
6
Parry Sound
2
Rat Portage
2
6
4
17
7
8
10
6
110
7
18
s:
4
■
2
3
2
11
4
2
"3'
5
1
4
1
1
1
2
1
3
1
1
34
2
3
5
2
5
1
3
110
1
5
3
2
"'"i"
1
1
3
1
4
'""i"
""s
7
St. Catharines
7
22
Stratford
1
9
12
St. Thomas
10
3
5
" i"
1
4
2
" 'i'
3
17
5
3
2
2
7
Toronto
1
1
15
■■3'
3
5
8
180
12
Woodstock
Welland
' "'i'
4
1
1
23
6
Whitby
1
6
Lock-ups —
1
1
1
1
2
Minden
Sudbury
3
3
3
Fort William
3
2
1
4
5
Burk's Falls
1
1
1
1
1
1
495
166
13
1
113
266
181
1 ^
75
34
675
13
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 18<J0
TABLE
Shewing the number of persons committed, the number over and under IG
to keep the peace, number of unsound mind, number acquit-
trial, number sentenced, and num-
Total Number
Committed During
THE Year.
Number Under 16
Years of Age.
Number Over 16
Years of Age.
6
B
to
to
u
0
pa
<]3
a
a
0
0
QJ
<V
U 1
6
a
■•+3.
-H
• •-4
■s
NAME OF GAOL.
CD
1
a
Is
o
a5
r2
"3
0
H
'3
_6
a
3
0
Barrie
195
112
197
377
244
160
84
116
81
118
174
66
72
800
231
919
56
27
324
30
520
173
65
65
53
68
95
46
38
108
99
81
248
145
181
155
118
3119
92
377
174
68
3
28
19
31
5
24
8
25
28
9
19
16
6
G
15
34
8
15
125
23
123
7
2
8
14
121
19
6
13
16
6
3
7
9
18
1?.
5
21
26
9
832
12
20
8
19
""l
4
219
120
222
405
253
179
100
122
87
133
208
74
87
925
254
1042
63
29
332
44
641
192
71
78
53
75
111
52
41
115
108
99
261
150
202
181
127
3951
104
397
182
87
3
29
23
31
5
19
5
6
14
2
13
2
5
2
3
8
3
4
40
5
27
7
1
3
1
20
14
1
2
1
1
"'i'
" i'
8
"i
""i'
2
19
6
7
16
3
14
2
6
2
3
9
3
5
48
5
27
8
1
3
2
22
14
176
107
191
3r)3
242
147
82
111
79
115
166
63
68
760
226
892
49
26
321
29
500
159
65
63
53
65
89
46
36
105
85
78
233
141
179
151
116
2962
86
368
]70
62
3
28
19
31
3
24
7
24
26
8
18
16
5
6
15
33
8
14
117
23
123
6
2
8
13
119
19
6
13
......
16
6
2
5
9
18
13
5
21
23
7
826
12
14
8
16
'""i'
2
200
114
215
389
250
165
98
116
85
130
199
71
82
877
249
1015
55
28
329
42
619
178
71
76
53
72
105
52
38
110
94
96
246
146
200
174
123
3788
98
382
178
78
3
29
21
31
3
191
91
186
230
183
108
95
72
71
96
184
36
80
390
217
613
68
26
300
19
557
105
25
53
21
58
64
52
36
81
74
93
252
79
165
114
116
3088
93
251
129
64
3
15
16
30
5
27
23
23
55
39
32
5
26
9
19
15
8
6
128
32
196
4
2
27
6
45
44
22
9
6
10
18
1
4
Belleville
Brantford -
&
34
13
6
Cayuga
11
1
8
7
11
Guelph
Hamilton
Kingston
78
4
78
1
Miltun
5
Napanee
2
15
21
5
Perth
2
2
■■'3'
6
5
14
3
15
4
2
7
4
163
6
15
4
9
1
4
Pembroke
3
6
""2
3
14
3
15
4
2
4
2
157
6
9
4
6
"i
2
■""3
2
6
■"'3'
4
7
Parry Sound . .
Kat Portage . .
Simcoe
St. Catharines
4
14
28
3
6
16
18
35
8
498
9
75
26
15
3
1
5
3
2
Stratford
6
6
St. Thomas
Sault Ste. Marie
1&
3
161
1
2^
Welland
Whitby
Lock-ups —
Gore Bay
Little Current
Manitowaning
8
5
■■■'4'
2
•7
4
2
2
Sudbury
50
5
78
4
18
87
'"'ie'
1
|--5-
50
5
94
5
18
92
50
4
78
5
18
85
"le"
" 5
50
4
94
5
18
90
50
5
65
6
17
90
1
1
Fort William
Bruce Mines
Burk's Falls
North Bay
15
14
1
2
2
451
2
Total
10799
1732
12531
46
497
10349
1685
12034
9127
1619
603
14
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 18^0
No. 3.
years of age, the number of recommittals, the number for want of securities
ted on trial, number discharged without trial, number waiting
ber committed under civil process.
For want of sureties
to keep the peace.
I
i
to
0
is
a
m
a
P
0
'a
0
2
a
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ho
u
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3
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NAME OF GAOL.
19
7
17
8
3
8
7
3
10
13
3
7
6
12
4
28
9
8
3
3
21
7
2
10
33
27
51
142
219
7
3
33
1
13
64
10
5
10
9
319
16
6
9
3
198
22
6
8
36
6
7
7
2
23
13
2
45
6
17
39
24
1381
13
8
4
4
11
1
156
1 86
146
249
27
125
89
74
69
88
130
46
40
741
195
586
34
13
43
37
410
140
50
56
16
50
56
39
35
82
65
70
183
83
146
123
94
2343
65
198
132
63
3
24
22
5
5
Barrie.
2
Berlin.
4
86
1
3
2
1
'3'
1
3
1
1
1
Belleville.
Brantford.
18
33
1
2
1
36
Brampton.
Brockville.
1
"""3'
2
5
4
2
9
4
10
'1'
2
Bracebridgc
Cayuga.
13
6
1
2
I
1
2
11
"7
1
""2
""i
1
......
" 1
2
2
9
3
4
25
132
38
78
3
1
273
6
6
10
t
38
2
2
6
10
2
19
1
329
1
155
1
"'i'
"1
I
""5
9
4
11
Cobourg.
Chatham.
Goderich.
Guelph.
Hamilton.
Kingston.
London.
Lindsay.
L'Orignal,
Milton.
j ■
""1
1
1
" '6'
6
2
17
Napanee.
14
Ottawa.
22
19
"'i'
7
4
Owen Sound.'.
Orangeville.
Perth.
15
22
Picton.
3
8
7
4
3
1
6
9
11
6
8
7
2
87
10
11
3
16
2
8
1
22
1
i
Peterboro'.
Port Arthur.
1
......
3
1
'"'i'
1
7
3
2
}
i
9
4
" i'
1
3
9
Parry Sound.
Rat Portage.
Siincoe.
13
1
22
13
14
47
16
""i'
1
1
2
1
3
7
1
34
1
4
1
2
"'i'
49
13
17
i
1
2
""2"
"'3'
11
1
St. CatharineB.5
Sarnia.
Stratford.
Sandwich.
St. Thomas.
2
54
1
155
41
1
Sault Ste. Marie
204
]
42
19
3
34
it
'"'8'
1
Toronto.
Walkerton.
Woodstock.
Welland.
Whitby.
Lock-ups —
Gore Bay.
Little Current.
4
1
2
1
1
1
1
6
••■•y-
"'12'
Manitowaning..
Mattawa.
Minden.
::::':i ;;;;.i
Haliburton.
41
2
3
6
■••94-
Sudburv.
1
2
1
.... 1
Hunttiville.
Foit Wi liam.
1
5 1
1
Bruce Mines
1
17
43
7692
Burk's Falls..
3
424
44
1
2
North Bay.
1182
1
60
43
115
87
2906 1
1066
14
124
Total.
15
63 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 1890
TABLE
Shewing the offences for which prisoners were committed
NAME OF GAOL.
a
o
<
J
a
i
o
§
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5
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7
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7
8
7
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12
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6
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1
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7
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5
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10
3
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15
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1
11
ton
n
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1
1
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3
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1
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18
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2
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4
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e
2
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10
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5
7
6
rich
1
1
1
1
1
1
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1
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to
1
4
110
5
8
1
8
21
5
2
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14
1
1
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60
irton
6
7
8
1
stock
5
1
1
1
3
1
1
. . .
nd
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4
?
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5
1
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ups — Gore Bay
Little Current . .
Manitowaning . . .
4
....
1
'
i
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1
1
^
Minden
i
Haliburton
i
Subdury
<
<
Fort William
11
<
Bruce Mines
1
1
«
Burk's Falls
2
1
534
1
197
1
North Bay
2
4
70
33
1
9
16
40
2
32
76|
1
134
1
29
4
3
24
87
16
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 1890
No. 4.
during the year ended 30th September 1889,
i
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1— 1
NAME OF GAOL.
46
20
39
218
28
52
25
25
29
28
61
2
10
401
139
540
3
2
13
4
276
27
4
2
38
4
20
18
16
74
17
33
99
16
47
23
30
2096
8
55
?1
5
1
14
18
8
1
1
9
1
2
6
1
1
4
2
3
3
5
2
1
4
Barrie.
1
2
2
6
Berlin.
,S
....
3
2
Belleville.
^
....
3
1
1
3
"4
1
"i
1
1
2
Brampton.
Brockville
1
'"i
1
2
7
3
10
1
2
2
1
2
2
2
Braeebridge.
Cayuga.
2
,s
2
3
1
1
4
1
1
8
2
10
1
1
2
2
.....^
?
1
3
1
2
2
5
Cobourg.
f)
5
4
7,
""1
'"2
1
16
"io
2
13
4
9
1
"2
"'is'
1
Guelph.
10
1
2
21
**
2
" 1
1
2
4
Kingston.
London.
Lindsay.
L'Orignal.
Milton.
10
1
2
3
15
3
9
8
4
2
1
3
1
3
1
Napanee.
Ottawa
5
2
'"7
1
2
1
3
2
2
3
7
4
13
1
4
3
Orangeville.
Perth.
1
2
1
1
9!
2
"i
8
6
1
10
1
2
1
1
2
1
9
"4
2
"3
1
5
2
4
2
"is
5
2
1
1
1
Rat Portage.
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
3
1
3
32
3
4
2
3
1
2
1
:::: 2
1
2
1
1
3
3
4
"ii
68
1
4
1
9
"2
1
"'3
5
1
1
68
■■■'2
?
3
5
1
1
3
9
1
""1
2
1
1
St. Thomas
"9
1
"i
"36
3
1
"i
"5
"i
""9
3
2
1
Sault Ste. Marie.
Toronto.
34
8
1
20
15
1
14
3
2
2
Welland.
( ■ ■ ■
2
Whitby.
Lock-ups— Gore Bay.
L. Current.'
3
1
1
2
2
5
2
" Mattawa.
" Minden
" Halibiirton.
" Subdury.
" Huntsville.
" Ft. William.
" Bruce Mines.
" Burk's Falls.
" North Bay.
45
1
43
1
3
28
4777
2
1
1
6
2
1
2
125
7
1
36
1
76
6
86
49
17
91
10
49
81
164
18
107
136
Total.
2(G.)
17
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 1890
TABLE
Shewing the offences for which prisoners were committed
NAME OF GAOL.
a
o
i
do
a
'S,
a
o
0
•^ CD
•^ 03
a S
bo
1
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a
§
a
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3
41
22
32
42
6
37
12
12
7
16
42
8
16
100
29
74
17
4
5
8
102
18
10
8
1
20
20
9
4
10
29
11
40
18
39
44
24
557
17
38
22
15
20
7
17
8
4
8
10
3
10
13
3
7
6
21
4
28
9
8
3
3
21
7
2
10
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
1
3
3
1
4
1
1
2
"'1'
6
1
4
Bracebridge
1
1
2
1
1
1
3
1
5
"'i'
1
9
6
4
1
4
1
3
1
1
2
1
7
i
1
i
Hamilton ■
1
3
3
1
.1
3
1
1
1
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1
Ottawa
Owen Sound
16
3
" "e"
3
3
1
1
1
' "i"
2
7
7
4
4
1
6
9
11
6
8
7
2
87
10
11
3
16
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
3
2
1
1
1
1
1
7
1
2
"i'
3
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
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3
2
1
'"'3'
4
1
St Thomas
3
1
46
1
2
4
6
14
1
1
1
1
""3
2
1
1
•
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
3
4
"3'
1
2
6
1
'' Huntsville
'• Fort William
" Bruce Mines
1
1
2
1
2
1
103
1606
437
18
28
31
25
28
39
1
48
18
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 1890
No. 4.
during the year ended 30th September, 1889 — Continued.
a
o
3
CO
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1
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O
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Unlawful shooting.
Vagrancy.
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NAME OF GAOL.
: 1
39
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2
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1
1
2
1
5
17
12
5
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5
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2
2
15
1
4
26
1
9
219
120
222
405
253
179
100
122
87
133
208
74
87
925
254
1042
63
29
332
44
64y
192
71
78
53
75
111
52
41
115
108
99
261
150
202
181
127
3951
104
397
182
87
3
29
1
6
6
13
4
2
3
18
Berlin.
3
;:;::.' 52
42
2 ; 197
1 1 22
1 9
Belleville
4
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
'"'i'
2
2
Brantford.
Brampton.
Brockville.
Bracebridge.
Cayuga.
! 5
38
2
24
7
31
11
122
27
189
14
1
4
2
2
Cobourg.
{ 8
2
Guelph.
i2
1
49 i
......! 5
Kingston.
Loudon.
Lindsay.
L'Orignal.
Milton
3 1 15
5
2
10
1
2
1
273
17
49
59
41
33
4
8
23
11
2
""'i'
8
1
11
2
2
2
.5
Napanee.
9
3
1
1
2
1
Orangeville.
Perth
3
1
5
7
1
4
1
2
"'1'
1
6
1
1
1
1
4
2
3
5
1
11
4
7
8
1
13
22
2
10
4
..:::. i
2
5
' "i'
3
1
1
""'i'
1
7
2
1
1
Rat Portage.
1
8
1
5
8
23
15
10
50
65
15
3 1.^
4
2
2
1
10
11
St Thomas
2
10
3
30
250
10
91 S
Sault Ste Marie
5
1
6
132
Toronto.
2
.5
■
6
9
1 1
86
1 lU
Welland
i 5
1
2
Whitby.
Lock-ups — Gore Bay.
" Little Current.
" Manitowaning.
23
2
31
5
" Haliburton.
Subdury.
' ' Huntsville.
Fort William.
" Bruce Mine.s
" Burk's F'al s
North Bay.
50
5
94
5
18
92
4
21
\
2
5!9.
5
5
4
19
121
47
4
40
329 1 9 2164
45
268
12531
Total.
19
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 5.
Shewing the total number of prisoners, male and female, committed under each
offence during the year ending 30th September, 1889.
OFFENCES.
Abortion
Abusive and obscene language.
Arson
Assault
Assault, felonious.
Attempted suicide
Abduction
Bigamy-
Breaches of the peace
Breaches of by-laws
Burglary
Carrying unlawful weapons
Contempt of court
Counterfeiting and passing counterfeit money
Cruelty to animals
Cutting, wounding and attempting
Debtors . . .
Deserting employment
Destroying and injuring property
Detained as witnesses
Drunk and disorderly
Embezzlement
Escaping from or obstructing constables
Escaping from prisons - .
Forgery
Fraud and obtaining money under false pretences . . .
Gambling
Giving liquor to Indians
Horse, cattle or sheep stealing
House-breaking and robbery
Incendiarism
Indecent assault and exposure
Inmates and frequenters of houses of ill-fame
Keeping houses of ill-fame
Larceny
Lunatics and persons who were unsafe to be at large.
Manslaughter
Misdemeanor
Murder
Perjury
Prostitution
Rape and assault with intent
Refusing bail
Receiving stolen goods
Seduction
Selling liquor without license
Shooting with intent
Stabbing
Threatening and seditious language
Trespass
Unlawful shooting
Vagrancy
Want of sureties to keep the peace
Other offences not enumerated
Total.
S
1
^
<u
^
2
2
5«
14
70
25
8
33
498
36
534
190
7
197
6
3
9
15
i
ie
35
n
40
31
1
32
76
76
28
1
29
129
5
134
4
4
24
24
77
10
87
105
2
107
6
6
70
16
86
35
14
49
4,035
742
4,777
17
17
89
2
91
10
10
49
49
122
3
125
7
7
34
2
36
81
81
160
4
164
16
2
18
75
1
76
59
77
136
33
70
103
1,480
126
1.606
258
179
437
18
18
26
2
28
21
10
31
20
5
25
2
26
28
39
39
44
4
48
19
19
109
12
121
47
47
4
4
40
40
310
19
329
8
1
9
1,873
291
2,164
39
6
45
243 1
25
268
10,799
1,732
12,531
20
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 6.
Shewing the number of prisoners, male and female, sentenced during the year
ending 30th September, 1889, and a comparison of the same with the
previous year.
NAME OF GAOL.
No. of prisoners
sentenced in the
year ending 30th
September. 1889.
No, of prisoners
sentenced in the
year ending 30th
September, 1888.
Increase.
DECRE.4SE.
r2
r2
Is
3
Is
0
Eh
i 6
.2
g
c3
0
H
.2
"oS
.2
a
3
r2
'3
j5
"cS
0
H
Barrie
142
84
130
234
25
113
76
14
2
16
1 15
2
12
13
156
86
146
249
27
125
89
74
69
88
130
46
40
741
195
586
34
13
43
37
410
140
50
56
16
50
56
39
35
82
65
70
183
83
146
123
94
2,343
65
198
132
63
3
24
22
5
5
1 102
53
117
170
19
72
11
38
30
41
1 59
31
53
531
131
411
39
11
37
32
313
103
43
48
12
35
47
54
6
66
22
57
180
73
137
85
91
1,816
42
166
171
38
4
4
4 1
24
1
8
3
21
16
1
8
■■■■4'
3
1 3
5
10
4
131
29
78
7
1
"'i'
77
10
2
8
" "3"
9
4
'"'i'
'"'3
9
7
15
16
5
531
9
15
5
'" i'
2
1
110
56
138
186
20
80
li
42
33
1 44
64
41
57
662
160
489
46
12
37
33
390
113
45
56
12
38
56
58
6
67
22
60
189
80
152
101
96
2,347
51
181
176
38
4
5
6
25
1
40
31
13
64
6
41
65
33
36
38
57
11
"ii5
48
119
6
'"'i'
4
13
' "e"
9
.5
46
31
13
64
7
45
78
33
36
44
1 66
11
5
115
48
119
Berlin
1
5
1
1
5
1
Belleville
Brantford
Brampton
Brockville
Bracebridge
Cayuga
71 1 3
1
I
Cornwall
66
79
116
42
31
646
179
530
29
13
40
27
344
125
45
50
16
47
49
34
33
79
59
57
176
83
132
105
91
1 3
9
14
4
9
95
16
56
5
'"'3'
10
66
15
5
6
" "3"
7
5
2
3
6
13
7
"u
18
3
Cobourg
Chatham
Goderich
Guelph
""'22'
"io'
6
"'36'
13
22
1 I
6
22
36
Hamilton
Kingston
13
22
London
Lindsay
12
L'Orignal
2
3
"si"
22
2
2
4
22
2
"'27'
13
37
'"'3'
9
5
3
""i
2
2
6
10
2
6
9
31
27
5
2
4
22
2
1
29
35
43
10
1
Milton
Napanee ■;
5
"ii'
5
11
Ottawa
Owen Sound
Orangeville
Perth
2
2
Picton
Pembroke
Peterboro'
""26'
2
2
20
Port Arthur
Parry Sound
Siracoe
Sarnia
4
'"'5'
2
7
1
6
7
g
Stratford
10
10
Sandwich
St. Thomas
20
2
22
Sault Ste. Marie
2
8
3
0
Toronto
Walkerton
Woodstock
1,777 566
60 5
191 ' 7
'"is"
25
35
35
18
25
39
"41'
1
.39
4
8
44
Welland
130 1
56
3
24
18
5
5
2
7
""4
Whitby
18
7
25
Lock-ups : —
1
" i"
1
Little Current
Manitowaning
20
14
2
1
20
16
1
Mattawa
19
1
20
4 1
4
Haliburton
6
. 6
2
2
* 1
4
Huntsville
Fort William |
Bruce Mines
78
16 1
94
85
6
91 1
10
10
7
7
17
40
""■3"
i7
43
1
17
40
"'.3'
17
43
• ' * '
North Bay
Total
6,608
1,084
7,692
5,717
1,072
6,789
1,074
144
1,218
173
132
305
21
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 1890
TABLE
Shewing the number of prisoners upon whom sentences were passed, the nature
the County Judges' Criminal Court, during
Total number of
prisoners sentenced
Where Sentenced to.
during the year.
NAME OF
GAOL.
1
and afterwards
srred to Cen-
rison.
0
DO
?^
and afterwards
Bale Reforma-
a
1-1
s
s-
0
a
0
be
0
a
® 6
and there de-
until expira-
f sentence or
nt of fine.
00
0 1
and up to 60
onths, not in-
g the last term.
!0
.a
c
o
s
a
o
S
CO
o
.2
S
0
oGaol
transf
tralP
C 0
oGaol
to Fei
tory.
c
0 c3
3^ W
1-2
1|
0 Gaol
tainec
tion 0
payme
) days
or 2 m
cludin
to
>
!^
Ph
H
H
H
H
H
2
H
H
■3
H
54
CO
to
18
O
Barrie
142
14
156
12 1
5
3
3
1
2
128
40
17
84
130
2
16
86
146
8
5
10
7
1
5
2
5
7
2
1
1
2
59
122
39
28
14
57
2
18
7
Belleville
16
Brantford
234
15
249
12
6
3
3
2
223
145
60
18
10
Brampton
Brockville
25
2
27
'>,
S
1
21
8
10
'>
2
113
12
125
1
17
2
1
6
3
2
93
63
8
10
4
Bracebridge ....
76
13
89
1
1
87
70
3
?,
7
Cayuga
71
3
74
3
4
2
65
41
13
7
2
Cornwall
66
3
69
3
1
4
3
58
34
13
5
2
79
116
9
14
88
130
10
1
1
18
3
3
1
1 1
72
100
15
64
34
18
14
12
8
Chatham
4
4 I....
2
Goderich
42
4
46
3
1
1
41
9
11
17
Guelph
31
9
40
fi
1
1
1
1 i
30
17
q
2
Hamilton
646
95
741
26
38
1
17
5
8
1
645
431
178
33
27
Kingston
179
16
195
6
8
2
9
6
1
163
57
59
17
20
London
530
56
586
33
21
8
7
5
2
510
395
49
54
34
Lindsay
29
5
34
1
1
1
31
9
13
4
4
L'Orignal
Milton
13
40
27
"3"
10
13
43
37
13
39
32
4
14
8
2
10
2
3
4
1
"'i'
?
1
1
1
Napanee
Ottawa
3
344
125
66
15
410
140
3
42
6
5
2
8
8
2
1
3
3
2
346
119
269
59
30
19
11
8
19
Owen Sound
20
Orangeville
Perth
45
5
50
50
4
18
1
9
50
16
47
49
6
■ "3
7
56
16
3
1
1
1
1
50
14
36
52
7
11
10
13
6
7
15
1 ....
8 1
1
Pembroke ■
50
4
1
1
10
15
3
5
Peterboro'
56
3
8
34
33
5
2
39
35
2
1
35
35
19
27
2
3
2
3
Parry Sound
Rat Portage
.5.
79
3
82
1
81
69
3
6
59
57
6
13
65
70
3
13
2
1
5
2
55
50
40
23
8
14
4
6
3
St. Catharines. .
4
4
Sarnia
176
83
132
7
183
83
146
S
... ^
17
1
19
i
6
2
4
1
2
i
1
146
78
119
41
25
84
67
21
32
19
20
2
VA
11
Sandwich
5
4
St. Thomas
105
IS
123
4
16
6
7
1
89
42
30
11
9
Sault Ste. Marie
91
3
94
3
10
1
7
1
2
70
25
32
9
1
Toronto
1,777
566
2,343
111
144
14
28
41
17
12
1,976
529
1,238
214
94
Walkerton
60
5
65
4
1
1
59
42
9
7
1
Woodstock
191
7
198
7
6
4
4
3
174
56
40
32
45
Welland
130
56
2
7
132
63
11
1
22
7
1
3
i
1
"i'
97
49
27
28
30
11
37
1 8
10
Whitby
1
4
Lock-ups : —
1
Gore Bay
3
3
3
;j
24
18
5
5
■■■■4'
24
22
5
5
1
5
1 1
17
22
5
5
" i'
20
21
2
5
2
1
3
Manitowaning
1
.... 1 - - -
Sudbury
6
6
4
1
. .1
Fort William
78
16
94
1
94
69
11
8
1
Bruce Mines .
Burk's Falls
17
40
1
17
17
36
is
3C
2
2
2
1
North Bay. . .
1 3 ' 4S
6
1
103
4
167
83
46
Total ...
6,608
1,084
7,692
276
475
30
6,512
311'i
' 2,248
|659
466.
22
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 1890
No. 7.
and period of such sentences and the disposal of those who elected to be tried at
the year ending 30th September, 1889.
Periods op Sentence.
County Judges'
Criminal Court.
1
a
o
a
o
CO
>
O
o
s
o
>
o
■J
a
0
S
0
?
0
a
0
S
>
0
a .
§1
is'
^1 _
0) 0
> *^
0
0
0
lb
»:;
0
m S
CO to
0 =*
ill
S S eS
•as||
3 m ra .«
<^t3 en's
0 s
^ i= .3
(-1 rt S-( -*J
S to &■ lS
'^5
■c p
-SI
<5
c
0)
tn
"2
c c
0 -^
0
<D D
S 0
^ 0
NAME OF
GAOL.
«>
1
2
"2"
12
8
11
2
1
17
3
2
5
8
17
5
4
1
15
17
1
4
8
3
43
14
17
16
1
1
"i'
1
"e'
1
2
3
6
1
1
2
1
2
1
2
2
4
1
4
1
"'3'
1
2
1
2
21
8
6
8
31
33
7
15
6
14
8
13
10
6
5
7
7
16
13
26
4
7
11
1
7
7
3
9
2
24
1
3
5
12
17
2
27
2
17
3
21
18
22
8
52
41
13
23
6
21
10
14
10
14
7
14
16
21
16
44
7
7
21
3
8
9
3
16
2
24
2
3
5
14
22
4
50
3
22
8
26
31
27
15
5
27
1
2
"i'
3
6
"2
"2
5
Bdleville.
4
Brampton.
'>.
3
"2'
4
4
3
7
?.
. 2
1
Bracebridge.
Cayuga.
R
2
3
1
4
3
2
5
1
2
15
"5'
3
3
"'i'
1
2
5
7
9.
2i'
1
6
1
3
1
1
10
4
5
1
5
2
7
9
5
3
18
3
Cobourg.
1
1
1
1
"3"
4
1
8
6
5
1
Guelph.
8
3
Kingston.
9
1
Lindsay.
L'Orignal.
1
3
"i'
7
"i'
1
1
"2
2
1
1
12
4
1
1
10
2
1
2
18
3
3
1
Napanee.
Ottawa.
4
10
5
1
1
3
9,
Owen Sound.
1
Orangevillc.
Perth.
1
1
1
"i'
8
2
1
7
6
7
2
2
3
"3'
"i'
1
,S
"2'
7
7
1
"i'
12
25
2
6
9
'95'
2
7
9
4
1
1
Parry Sound.
Rat Portage.
1
"i'
1
"7'
8
1
1
"2'
1
8
3
1
19
3
2
2
5
2
23
1
5
5
5
13
5
7
2
2
1
3
1
5
2
4
1
2
1
1
17
1
5
1
1
1
"5"
7
8
14
"8"
"3'
1
St Catharineg.
fi
Stratford.
3
"i'
17
"2'
5
3
1^
3
1
10
"3'
4
6
31
i'
1
3
1
St. Thomas.
Sault Ste. Marie.
56
1
Toronto.
Walkerton.
4
11
1
1
1
Welland
3
1
4 1 9.S.
Whitby.
Lock-ups : —
Gore Bay.
T.i>flf>r!iirrpnt.
1
1
1
'22'
17
1
22 Manitowaning
24 i \Tntlawa
7
Minden.
Hali burton.
Sudbury.
Huntriville.
"Fnrt William.
4
1
1
1
4
2
5
2
2
2 P.nrWv! Fall.
1
3
3
North Bay.
181
58
428
71
99
110
67
100
83
3
1
215
527
742
Total.
23
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 1890
TABLE
Shewing the offences for which prisoners were sentenced
NAME OF GAOL.
a
1
<
bo
0
c
<D
O
O
-§
>
<
5
1
<
2
to
0
'S
m
■3
'3
ft
s
a
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u
<
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bo
0
0
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1
pq
0
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0
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t4
3
0
U-t
0
-u
a
6
0
0
a
0
a
eS
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1
bo
a
0
Barrie . ....
1
4
3
15
I
3
5
2
9
3
3
2
3
53
12
14
2
3
3
1
30
9
1
2
4
3
1
2
1
3
2
2
13
1
Berlin
Belleville
2
1
2
1
1
3
3
1
3
1
2
Brockville
1
1
1
2
2
2
"l
6
1
Bracebridge
Cayuga
2
2
2
Cornwall . .
4
2
5
2
2
Cobourg
6
Chatham
1
3
1
Goderich
Guelph
Hamilton
9
3
2
1
1
3
8
2
1
1
3
1
4
"i
2
Kingston
2
London . . ...
Lindsay . . .
1
1
L'Orignal . .
1
3
3
1
8
18
1
5
1
2
1
Milton
Napanee
2
1
21
4
Ottawa
4
2
1
5
1
Owen Sound
Orangeville
Perth . .
2
Picton ... .
1
Pembroke . .
:::::: ..::.:
Peterboro'
Port Arthur
"2
8
2
7
5
7
6
86
1
6
5
4
2
1
2
2
1
3
Parry Sound
1
Rat Portage
Simcoe .
2
3
2
1
2
3
1
3
1
Sarnia
4
3
3
Sandwich
1
1
2
1
2
Sault. Ste. Marie
Toronto
4
57
I
4
1
6
7
5
2
14
Walkerton
Woodstock
1
1
1
1
Welland
8
Whitby
i
2
Lock-ups—
....
4
....
1
1
1
1
1
Huntsville
1
Fort William
1 11
1
1
1
2
1
1
North Bay
1 2
1
1
1
52
13
Total
1 358
115 1 2
10
28
21
31
114
29
24
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 1890
No. 8,
during the year ending '?Oth September, 1889.
60
a
el
a -u;
31
3 o
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o
o
be 03
3 be
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0)
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NAME OF
GAOL.
43
17
34
150
4
43
25
18
29
27
55
1
10
386
116
353
3
1
4
4
198
21
3
2
7
5
11
18
15
56
14
32
89
10
47
22
27
1,315
8
29
15
5
1
14
18
1
1
4
Barrie.
1
Berlin.
1
2
3
2
Belleville.
2
1
1
3
1
Brantford.
Brampton.
Brockville.
1
1
2
i
4
Bracebridge.
Cayuga.
Cornwall.
1
""'i'
2
3
1
2
Cobourg.
3
Goderich.
1
8
Guelph.
Hamilton.
2
6
'""i'
17
....^.
1
'""i"
3
1
6
1
1
Kingston.
7
1
11
Lindsay.
L'Orignal.
Milton.
1
1
3
Napanee.
Ottawa.
1
1
5
2
3
1
1
2
1
Orangeville.
Perth.
1
1
5
1
:::::: :::"
4
1
Peterboro'.
2
Parry Sound.
Rat Portage.
Simcoe.
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
Stratford.
i
3
2
3
Sandwich.
1
1
St Thomas.
1
14
2
1
Sault Ste. Marie.
1
6
32
1
11
5
22
2
2
2
1
1
2
Toronto-
1
Woodstock.
Welland.
1
1
2
Whitby.
Lock-ups.
Gore Bay.
Little Current
1
Manitowaning
Mattawa .
Minden.
Hali burton.
1
Sudbury.
Huntsville.
43
1
6
Fort William.
Bruce Mines.
1
1
3
5
Burk's Falls.
1
North Bay.
2
16
42
5
60
3,359
6 53
5
20
50
2
32
Total.
25
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 1890
TABLE
Shewing the offences for which prisoners were sentenced
1
NAME OF GAOL.
ft
ID
(0
i
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o a
11
>>
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03
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go
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i
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a
1
Si
>>
"E7
"3
■♦J
2
1
2
3
2
1
1
4
3
24
16
19
25
4
27
5
10
7
10
24
5
7
63
21
40
7
3
4
4
68
15
6
4
1
11
5
6
4
10
16
5
19
6
30
3D
15
344
13
28
11
12
1
1
2
2
B-^lleville
3
2
I
1
3
5
1
5
1
1
1
Cayuga
2
2
1
2
1
1
2
1
■■■'2"
■■■'3'
1
1
1
1
4
Guelph
1
1
7
7
1
""e"
2
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
3
3
3
2
2
1
5
3
Perth
i
6
1
2
1
1
1
Rat Portao'e.
1
1
3
1
3
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
'"'io'
34
""'i'
3
3
1
3
St Thomas
3
Sault Ste. Marie
1
2
10
4
1
8
1
23
22
1
1
1
1
Welland
2
2
Whitby
9
1
Lock-ups —
1
2
2
1
3
4
1
Fort William
2
3
2
Burk's Falls
2
4
North Bay
1
1
1
Total
46
84
1 3
46
54
50
1,000
4
8
7
4 1 19
26
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 1890
No. 8 — Gontimied.
during the year ending 30th September, 1889.
"a
<s
1
-o 1
i
ft
to
73
O
o
be
g
to
U)
_a
V
•rH
8
a
1
02
c
'$
o
.2*
'bo
_a
"^
m
4^'
• r-l
be
U
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o
m
bb
c
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Xi
Threatening and seditious
language.
1
o
0)
be
o
o
^ 1
03
t3
be
1
t2
Other offences not above
enumerated.
-i 1
-^ 1
^ !
NAME OF
GAOL.
1
1
38
23
41
28
12
14
5
12
14
3
1
4
28
1
2
"io
'■'3'
12
3
15G jBarrie.
G
6
9
2
2
3
86
146
249
27
125
89
74
69
88
130
46
40
741
195
586
34
13
43
37
410
140
50
56
16
50
56
39
35
82
65
70
183
83
146
123
94
2,343
65
198
132
63
3
24
22
5
5
Berlin.
2
1
Belleville.
3
Brantford.
1
Brampton.
1
5
1
Brockville.
2
1
2
2
1
2
2
32
2
Bracebridge.
1
1
Caj'uga.
1
4
Cornwall.
2
1
23
3
31
4
101
21
107
13
Cobourg.
2
2
Chatham.
:::'.'.: '^'
Cioderich.
1
8
Guelph.
3
1
48
Hamilton.
4
12
2
1
Kingston.
1
6
London.
Lindsay.
1
L'Orignal.
1
5
8
1
14
17
30
55
39
33
2
8
23
11
2
.5
10
47
55
14
10
28
153
10
99
72
10
4
1
4
""i"
2
2
' "X
1
3
2
7
4
"li
17
14
6
4
Milton,
1
Napanee.
1
1
Ottawa.
1
1
1
Owen Sound.
Orangeville.
2
3
j 1
Perth.
Picton.
5
5
1
4
1
1
4
4
1
1
Pembroke.
1
Peterboro'.
Port Arthur.
1
1
1
Parry Soimd.
1
1
Rat Portage.
7
Simcoe.
St. Catharines.
4
Sarnia.
Stratford.
23
15
Sandwich.
1
10
3
St. Thomas.
SaultSte. Marie.
2
12
11
3
115
Toronto.
Walkerton.
1
5
1
5
6
9
Woodstock.
Welland.
1
1
2
1
Whitby.
Lock-ups —
Gore Bay.
1
Little Current
Manitowaning
Mattawa.
1
Minden.
Haliburton.
6
Sudbury.
Huntsville.
1
4
21
94
Fort William.
Bruce Mines.
1
2
18
1 5
5
17
43
Burk's Falls.
4
4
North Bay.
12
- 26 1 1
119
17
1
12
270.
5
1
1,266
211
7,692
Total.
27
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11),
A. 1890
TABLE No. 9.
Shewing the total number of prisoners, male and female, sentenced under each
offence, during the year ending 30th September, 1889.
OFFENCES.
Abortion
Abusive and obscene language.
Arson
Assault
Assault, felonious. .
Attempted suicide.
Abduction
Bigamy
Breaches of the Peace .
do by-laws . .
Burglary .
Contem pt of Court
Carrying unlawful weapons
Counterfeiting and passing counterfeit money.
Cruelty to animals
Cutting, wounding and attempting same
Deserting employment
Destroj'ing and injuring property
Drunk and disorderly
Embezzlement
Escaping from or obstructing constables
Escaping from prison
Forgery .
Manslaughter. .
Misdemeanour .
Murder
Perjury
Prostitution
Rape and assault with intent
Refusing bail
Receiving stolen property
Seduction
Selling liquor without license .
Shooting with intent
Stabbing ,
Threatening and seditious language .
Trespass
Unlawful shooting
Vagrancy
Other offences not enumerated
Totals .
Males.
Females.
43
11
340
112
1
Fraud and obtaining money or goods under false pretences.
Gambling
Giving liquor to Indians
Horse, cattle and sheep stealing
Housebreaking and robbery
Incendiarism
Indecent assault ....
Inmates and frequenters of houses of ill-fame
Keeping houses of ill-fame
Larceny ,
10
24
21
31
111
28
2
16
36
5
53
,771
6
52
4
20
48
2
30
46
84
3
45
20
18
927
4
7
7
4
1
12
1
22
1
104
17
1
12
256
5
,049
185
6,608
1
9
2
18
3
1
7
588
1
34
34
73
18
10
19
217
24
1,084
Totals.
1
52
13
358
115
2
10
28
21
31
114
29
2
16
42
5
60
3,359
6
53
5
20
50
2
32
46
84
3
46
54
50
1,000
4
4
19
12
1
26
1
119
17
1
12
270
5
1,266
211
7,692
28
58 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 18^0
TABLE No. 10.
Shewing the nationalities, religious denominations, social status, and habits of the
prisoners committed during the year ending 30th September, 1889.
NAME OF GAOL.
Barrie
Berlin
Belleville
Brantford
Brampton
Brockville
Bracebridge
Cayuga
Cornwall
Cobourg
Chatham
Goderich
Guelph
Hamilton
Kingston
London
Lindsay
Lorignal
Milton
Napanee
Ottawa
Owen Sound ,
Orangeville
Perth
Picton
Pembroke
Peterboro'
Port Arthur
Parry Sound ,
Rat Portage
Simcoe
St. Catharines
Sarnia
Stratford
Sandwich . ,
St. Thomas
Sault Ste. Marie
Toronto
Walkerton
Woodstock
Welland
Whitby
Lock-ups : —
Gore Bay
Little Current
Manitowaning. . ,
Mattawa
Minden
Haliburton
Subdury
Huntsville
Fort William
Bruce Mines ,
Burk's Falls ,
North Bay
O
122
57
158
283
69
107
66
64
61
75
134
31
47
484
139
4C6
37
26
70
361
448
81
18
42
44
62
77
25
25
50
66
62
169
54
100
■ 107
79
1670
81
171
73
54
Nationalities.
'Si "^
38 32
12
20
62
88
9
12
17
7
15
17
11
24
152
36
191
14
'ii2
1
39
37
18
7
2
1
6
10
6
22
4
14
37
47
11
26
11
811
5
101
37
15
15
28
46
57
39
2
9
10
28
19
19
6
172
57
235
11
3
94
6
107
37
25
19
3
4
18
4
6
23
18
15
28
18
23
15
12
940
8
65
30
10
36
4
3
2
5
5
4
14
21
5
6
7
196
6
24
10
1
Total 6270 2142 2370 644 840: 265
16
6
3
"5
10
2i
121
8
58
24
16
271
3
28
23
7
1
3
Religious Dknomina- Social and Educa-
tions. TioNAL State.
14
Q
tf
75
31
60
114
67
83
28
34
47
32
62
9
21
383
115
320
19
24
83
10
445
111 38
81 2
..I 24
..I 16
8 43
..| 29
71 30
21 9
10. 43
151
i
4!
11
11
26
37
69
37
96
29
55
1543
14
104
56
18
1
11
19
22
12
56
15
59
109
21
32
12
42
34
21
23
278
83
383
24
3
159
22
104
57
38
26
16
4
28
29
36
22
1457
20
145
66
20
1
8
1
6
2
491
4544
29
3876
1031 46
46 22
12
12
16
26
22
18
11
112
19
153
10
1
60
1
50
37
12
21
4
13
15
6
14
14
31
15
34
77 1 40
39 1 42
15
19
24
435
26
57
23
10
1610
41
9
83
67
20
20
24
20
8
28
73
9
22
115
35 1
134
10
22
10
32
28
8
5
14
5
37
1
6
3
29
25
29
19
47
49
15
402
30
60
21
30
1
8
1
1
135
79
130
981 307
1
10
32
11
2
3
10
2
7
4
24
30
5
46
13
15
48
11
114
14
31
16
9
16821
819
42
61
19
25
41
53
71
50
26
312
67
334
20
18
61
13
263
91
31
35
23
26
50
22
15
76
35
42
55
89
73
65
41:
211
118
81
97
46
80
137
24
61
613
187
708
43
11
271
31
378
101
40
43
30
49
61
30
26
39
73
57
206
61
129
116
86
1786 2165
451 59
309
138
59
46377894
'f^i
44
12
74
108
33
43;
23
19
29
31
38
19
12
195
63
139
2
14
57
12
212
53
12
51
66
112
88
70
55
42
40
35
37
121
21
45
104
31
418
24
14
63
21
113
88
38
40
4
14
55
9
24
20
67
24
141
65
95
391 134
27 50
695 939
63
1431
55
43
2
6
5
5
2
168
54
110
317
183
124
58
82
52
96
871
53
42
821
223
624
39
15
269
23
528
104
33
38
49
61
56
43
17
95
41
75
120
85
107
47
77
3012
41
254
127
44
1
23
18
26
3
I 50
1
69
4
3
67
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 1890
TABLE
Showing the occupations, trades or callings of the Prisoners
NAME OF GAOL.
03
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c^
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taoH
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a
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s
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CO
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0
pq
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0
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PQ
13
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tc to
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13
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a
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tlD
CS
(3
¥ '^
60 03
^a
Q
2
a
0
2
1
3
2
1
1
3
5
2
5
"i'
4
1
2
3
3
1
6
1
5
4
2
3
14
2
6
14
2
3
1
4
2
1
"i"
3
2
2
1
2
5
7
6
5
14
2
1
Berlin
4
1
2
Belleville
s
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
4
2
2
5
7
3
3
4
14
7
1
5
24
7
27
2
3
1
1
"1
1
"1
1
4
2
1
'i2'
7
22
1
5
1
Chatham
3
3
1
"c'
'7'
1
1
12
4
6
"7'
1
"2'
"'4'
'i'
28
3
8
3
44
4
Hamilton
11
1
18
1
1
7
9
2
6
1
15
Kingston
London
Lindsay
L'Orignal
Milton
3
27
6
IC
7
19
4
3
4
1
4
6
1
"7'
1
3
"26'
10
2
1
1
2
1
8
1
1
1
1
3
2
15
6
2
1
1
9,
2
5
Orangeville . .
Perth
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
"1'
2
1
5
1
1
1
1
3
1
6
4
8
9
99
5
8
7
1
■
1
2
1
1
4
3
I
3
11
2
15
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
'i"
1
'3'
"2
"s
1
1
"2"
2
1
1
2
2
7
4
45
2
2
2
1
"2
2
3'
2
1
"2"
4
"i'
1
"i'
5
"2
28
3
1
'47'
1
4
1
2
?
4
6
1
1
1
"2
1
20
1
3
1
i
"6
1
1
St Thomas
1
Sault Ste Marie
1
35
1
2
■1
37
67
1
4
6
1
120
3
7
2
5
45
8
3^
Wocdstock
Welland
3
2
2
7
5
1
3
1
Whitby
3
Lock-ups —
1
1
3
^ort William
1
Rurk's Falls
2
Total
108
7
72
77
24
155
177
344
1
93
32
95
77
319
19
90
30
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 1890
No. 11.
coininitted during the year ending 30th September, 1889.
-a
a
2
%
M
o
0
o
'o
O
IS
1
"a
03
OP
5 '
a
o
O
(4
(D
Ch
O
O
Q
00
ft
SD
P
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03
0
0
Q
1
2
1
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u
<o
s
£
P
1
>
bo
c
"i
0
a
c«
m
M
m
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fl
'Eb
2
8
3
6
5
2
2
1
d
a
c
C
2
OS
Ph
23
ie'
20
"2'
14
6
8
14
15
15
7
7
9
88
4
3
10
3
15
15
5
5
4
7
12
2
4
4
23
4
to
a>
s
T3
....
ID
0
0
0
£
s
3
S-i
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t3
(3
cS
0)
-a
O)
m
S
0
P
"O
c:
c3
a;z3
W
1
NAME OF GAOL.
'^
Barrie .
Berlin.
4
1
1
"3'
Belleville.
4
2
1
2
2
Brantford.
?
2
1
Brampton.
1
1
....
1
Brockville.
1
Bracebridge.
1
2
Cayuga.
Cornwall.
1
1
1
4
Cobourg.
4
2
1
3
1
Chatham.
1
1
Goderich.
2
1
8
1
5
7
1
2
11
1
Guelph.
13
1
1
1
4
1
"i'
3
"i
1
23
5
11
5
1
1
7
Hamilton.
2
Kingston.
London.
Lindsay.
L'Orignal.
19
2
1
1
2
....
2
1
"3"
1
1
Milton.
.... - - - -
2
3
4
1
Napanee.
Ottawa.
9
1
2
1
2
1
5
1
2
Owen Sound.
'^rangeville.
1
1
Perth.
3
1
' 3"
Picton.
Pembroke.
1
2
Peterboro'.
1
"2
1
Port Arthur.
Parry Sound.
1
Rat Portage.
Simcoe.
1
3
1
1
2
2
1
St. Catharines.
2
"2"
1
1
6
Sarnia.
4
5
1
2
5
10
25
5
39
10
8
16
5
2
3
3
2
2
7
2
4
Stratford.
3
1
--2
i'
1
5
Sandwich.
1
1
'26'
"i'
1
St. Thomas.
1
2
4
Sault Ste. Marie.
118
1
4
8
1
11
"1'
3
90
1
8
5
16
7
11
2
...
13
6
"5'
1
2
Toronto.
8
2
....
4
1
1
Woodstock.
Welland.
2
Whitby.
Lock-ups —
Gore Bay.
1
1
1
Little Current.
Manitowaning.
Mattawa.
1
Minden.
....
Haliburton.
Sudbury.
L...
1
9.
Huntsville.
5
1
1
Fort William.
1
1
Bruce Mines.
:::'i::::
10
9
502
Burk's Falls.
2
2
56
10
24
24
3
72
North Bay.
:209
3
10
1
10
59
—
5
26
26
12
192
Total.
31
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 1890
TABLE
Shewing the occupations, trades or calHngs of the Prisoners
NAME OF GAOL.
hi
03
CO
3
O
w
;-i
!-<
0
Hi
1
Hi
d
S
a
1-3
00
<o
0
©
C
m
c
a
0
IS
1
3
4
2
3 1
43
§
A
2 :
33 ■
3
5
cs
02
0;
1
t
*
0
1
3
w
a
00
1
P^
3
p-l
,Q
S
3
8
5
4
12
6
6
to
0)
to
0
Pi
1
a
P5
to
03
.is
S
0
"RftyriP
100
45
104
245
175
]13
20
67
40
56
106
29
25
395
125
395
34
12
253
15
356
8<i
32
46
28
45
41
29
19
73
43
34
153
66
99
58
80
1,126
44
202
86
27
1
8
12
21
7
16
....
2
11 1
1
"3
1
"2"
3
7
4
1
4
2
2
Brockville
7
'24'
1
1
1
2
2
1
3
2
1
1
2
1
1
"'3'
23
5
27
1
2
4
1
1
1
"2'
"3'
1
1
19
1
"'4'
1
8
7
6
2
6
'14'
13
34
1
i>
3
11
1
3
8
2
3
14
1
"i
11
6
1
12
5
2
4
1
5
1
18
3
3
1
48
4
1
2
2
1
2
1
4
"i
40
5
1
1
1
8
6
'
2
1
2
....
5
I
2
Port Arthur ....
1
3
2
1
1
2
1
1
"2
5
5
"3'
1
4
2
3
3
174
2
1
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
3
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
"3'
2
1
3
"i
"i'
6
4
1
2
fti-rat-forH .....
4
2
1
St. Thomas
8
1
"7'
4
2
1
34
2
2
'32"
1
1
"i
1 . . .
"'3'
273
Toronto
4
65
1
6
08
1
50
15
5
3
"i
1
2
1
1
Wpllanrl
1
Whithv
1
1
1
1
2
Lock-ups —
4
i
1
1
1
1
1
50
2
30
2
5
20
Huntsville .
' 4
1
4
1
1
1
3
6
1
1
2
7
25
79
1
2
100
1
94
3
365
8
2
373
11
57
119
70
10
10
166
Total
118
5,308
1
32
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. U).
A. 1890
No. 11. — Continued.
committed during the year ending 30th September, 1889.
d
®
02
o
«$
H -
o
1
"o
O
rC
o
CC
"2'
"i'
"2'
"i'
"3"
s
>
73
c
rt .
22
4 i
1
1
H
1
2
1
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6
0
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0
0
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3
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0
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0
"3
"0
NAME OF GAOL.
2
4
5
5
1
2
5
5
12
5
4
3
22
3
5
8
3
4
3
73
2
1
10
1
3
219
120
222
405
253
179
100
122
87
133
208
74
87
925
254
1042
63
29
332
44
641
192
71
78
53
75
111
52
41
115
108
99
261
150
202
181
127
3951
104
397
182
87
3
29
23
31
5
Barrie.
.5
3
..'.
1
1
2"
"i'
"2'
5
4
1
3
Berlin.
Belleville.
2
6 S 1
1
Brantford.
5
8
7
3
2
6
5
9
3"
69
2
108
3
"7
9
26
6
•6
9
4
Brampton.
1
10
1
3
1
Brockville.
Bracebridge.
7
3
2
1
"'i'
1
"i'
'i'
1
4
3
"i'
2
7
2
Cayuga.
Cornwall.
2
1
"2'
"2
1
'2'
3
8
9
8
17
37
10
11
2
Cobourg.
Chatham.
2
1
1
15
2
20
1
"i'
6
1
3
3
Goderich.
Guelph.
15
8
10
2
"2*
1
"i'
10
2
27
4
"'i'
7
1
2
1
Hamilton.
Kingston.
London.
Lindsay.
'4'
"i'
"5"
1
....
1
"i'
2
L'Orignal.
Milton.
1
2
4
3
Napanee.
2
11
5
4
1
1
14
4
11
Ottawa.
Owen Sound.
Orangeville.
4
' i
....
1
4
1
Perth.
Picton.
1
2
10
4
3
1
14
5
2
3
2
5
7
3
85
4
6
10
3
Pembroke.
11
5
1
1
1
Peterboro'.
2
1
Port Arthur.
3
2
8
12
5
29
8
10
4
Parry Sound.
3
1
9
4
1
"i'
1
2
3
'2
Rat Portage.
2
2
1
Simcoe.
14
St. Catharines.
15
2
1
1
2
Sarnia.
4
1
2
Stratford.
5
"2
"3
'5'
"i'
14
17
9
381
1
17
8
5
Sandwich.
1
4
1
2
St. Thomas.
SaultSte. Marie,
66
1
82
2
11
2
1
1
"i"
'i'
162
1
6
1
2
6
35
8
19
1
1
62
13
219
15
29
3
12
Toronto.
Walkerton.
5
11
"l'
1
2
3
4
Woodstock.
Welland.
1
Whitby.
Lock-ups —
Gore Bay.
8
1
1
2
Little Current.
4
2
1
Manitowaning.
1
1
1
Mattawa.
1 . . . .
1
2
Minden.
1
Haliburton.
50
5
94
5
18
92
Sudbury.
1
17
Huntsville.
4
8
1
1
6
Fort William.
1
Bruce Mines.
2
Burk's Falls.
1
823
1
|192
1
14
2
89
21
3
539
North Bay.
20
250
18
68
27
60
226
370
12531
Total.
3(G.)
33
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 1890
TABLE
Shewing the number of escapes and deaths, the revenue derived from prison
and lowest number of prisoners in custody
NAME OF GAOL.
Prisoners who escaped
and evaded recap-
ture.
§^
00 -V
o u
£ S
Pm
Prisoners who died.
Actual cash revenue
derived from prison
labour.
Barrie
1
1
% c.
Berlin
15 00
Belleville I
1
Brantford
3
Brampton
Brockville
Bracebridge
2
Cayug'a
Cornwall
Cobourg
2
1
Chatham ....
1
Guelph
Hamilton
1
Kingston
1
Lindsay
L'Orignal
Milton
Napanee
Ottawa
156 00
1
Perth
Picton
Pembroke ....
Peterboro'
Port Arthur
5 00
Rat Portage
13 00
1
St. Catharines
1
St. Thomas
1
Sault Ste. Marie.
i
3
Toronto
1
2
Woodstock
2
1
4
200 00
Welland
Whitby
37 36
Lock-ups : -
Manitowaning
1
Fort William
1
Burk's Falls. . .
1
North Bay
Total
15
8
11
426 36
34
63 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 1890
No. 12.
labour, the cost of diet, the accommodation of the various gaols, and the highest
during the year ending 30th September, 1889.
j3
jj m
■<-i G aj
<« c 5
a
o
^t
T3.S
c:^ s
^.2
to
2
o
'2
■-5 ^_.
o 2 tic
c g s >.
S o s ^
NAME OF GAOL.
"O TO
%-2
D 4j CD
££l
Si
is.s
fill
fe t- cS 3
o
<J
^
^
o
1-:;
Cts.
8 1-4
Yes.
24
8
39
10
Barrie.
8 1-5
Yes.
25
5
18
1
Berlin.
6 3-4
Yes.
32
5
34
10
Belleville.
6 9-10
Yes.
24
6
31
5
Brantford.
7 1-5
Yes
25
4
19
Brampton.
6 1-4
Yes.
29
3
21
2 ""
Brockville.
30
Yes.
5
2
9
1
Bracebridge,
9 1-2
Yes.
14
4
19
3
Cayuga.
13
Yes.
17
5
12
1
Cornwall.
9 7-11
Yep.
24
5
28
6
Cobourg.
6 1-14
Yes.
26
3
25
6
Chatham.
6
Yes.
12
4
25
6
Goderich.
8
Yes.
36
8
14
2
Guelph.
5 3-5
Yes.
60
6
55
24
Hamilton.
9 3-4
Yes.
53
9
36
18
Kingston.,
5 11-25
Yes.
18
3
16
4
London.
5 3-4
Yes.
18
4
14
1
Lindsay.
9 1-7
Yes.
18
6
13
3
L'Orignal.
5 7-10
Yes.
23
4
29
2
Milton.
7 4-5
Yes.
18
4
15
3
Napanee.
12
Yes.
96
8
48
18
Ottawa.
11 1-5
Yes.
32
6
29
12
Owen Sound,
7
Yes.
23
6
24
13
Orangeville,
6 1-2
Yes.
18
4
27
10
Perth.
8 2-5
Yes
26
6
6
Picton.
7 1-4
Yes!
24
4
18
5""
Pembroke.
12 3-8
Yes.
20
4
23
6
Peterboro'.
8
Yes.
22
5
12
1
Port Arthur.
30
Y"gs
5
4
6
Parry Sound.
17 1-2
Yes!
7
2
15
2 ""
Rat Portage.
7 1-2
Yes.
24
8
13
3
Simcoe.
9
Yes.
40
8
13
5
St. Catharines.
9
Yes.
19
5
29
10
Sarnia.
6 14
Yes.
29
6
19
8
Stratford.
9
Yes.
32
4
29
5
Sandwich.
5 1-6
Yes.
16
4
21
3
St. Thomas.
11 1-2
Yes.
14
3
26
4
Sault Ste. Marie^
7 1-2
Yes.
270
19
239
160
Toronto,
7 3-4
Yes.
24
8
12
1
Walkerton.
8 5-8
Yes.
32
5
80
13
Woodstock.
7
Yes.
49
5
46
2
Welland.
6 1-3
Yes.
25
6
13
1
Whitby.
Lock-ups —
30
30
Yes
5
2
3
Gore Bay.
Little Current.
Yes!
5
2
7
i ""
30
No.
5
4
2
1
Manitowaning.
30 .
Yes.
5
2
4
1
Mattawa.
30
45
30
14 5-8
No.
6
1
2
Minden.
Yes
5
1
7
Sudbury.
Yes".
Yes.
7
10
J-
2
2
Huntsville.
6
7
i'""
Fort William.
12
Yes.
9
5
1
1
Bruce Mines.
30
45
Yes
7
o
3
Burk's Falls.
Yes!
7
2
8
i"
North Bay.
Totah.
35
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 1890
TABLE
•Shewing the number of prisoners, how maintained, cost of .maintenance, and
How
Maintained.
1
NAME OF GAOL.
P tic
a 2.S ■
-g CO
IK
.^ O m o
a) (B a>
9 «s t>,
^ s 1 S.
■5 2 «= §
1 § ^ &§
1 "A
o .
11
-a
.w O
0)
CO
m
o
o
O
Q
Barrie
219
120
222
405
2.53
179
100
122
87
133
208
74
87
925
254
1042
63
29
332
44
641
192
71
78
53
75
111
52
41
115
108
99
261
150
202
181
127
3951
104
397
182
87
3
29
23
31
5
50
5
94
5
18
92
101
42
93
86
13
68
100
31
42
44
55
25
29
138
65
111
24
13
26
11
118
39
18
20
10
39
18
52
41
115
41
24
66
21
75
75
127
639
43
59
34
57
3
29
23 1
11
5
50
3
94
4
18
43
118
78
129
319
240
111
9i"
45
89
153
49
58
787
189
931
39
16
306
33
523
153
.53
58
43
36
93
3691
1655
2588
1105
242
1428
1130
1051
1036
1223
2484
576
1023
2699
2430
2258
937
945
415
569
3607
1302
421
604
394
1594
925
3031
837
1783
838
523
1825
644
1890
2059
43.S6
15227
827
2279
382
1445.
22
580
160
118
13
452
5461
1409
4679
4257
1284
2990
$ c.
19.59 62
612 56
716 01
629 13
352 49
759 84
S c-
2144 50
1250 00
Belleville
1650 00
Brantford
Brampton
Brockville
Bracebridge .
Cayuga
Cornwall
Cobourg
Chatham
Goderich
Guelph
Hamilton
Kingston
1650 00
1150 00
1650 00
350 00
1846
748
4097
2306
3587
1172
10892
6547
13924
1697
555
2555
1783
8169
5754
5511
5007
367
2241
4211
783 00
607 67
1175 18
816 39
1132 99
1148 90
2200 28
2278 60
2756 41
456 90
444 43
251 19
614 88
2921 62
2260 60
542 02
811 46
257 94
403 13
1197 12
848 84
269 78
494 32
658 63
1397 97
1603 89
1140 61
719 70
313 67
1894 06
11260 75
326 06
2558 23
1550 00
574 35
1
65 45
282 26
114 90 1
158 10
390 00
1225 00
1365 00
1580 00
1717 50
1420 00
1350 00
2900 00
1950 00
3550 00
Lindsay .
L'Orignal
Milton
1180 00
1149 00
1015 00
1050 00
2200 00
Owen Sound
Orangeville
Perth
1750 00
1250 00
1560 00
Pictou
908 75
Pembroke
Peterboro'
1281 50
1350 00
1175 00
Pany Sound
350 00
2044 00
67
75
195
129
127
106
1344
2374
5139
3795
2218
2227
1050 00
1490 00
1550 00
Stratford
Sandwich
1400 00
2100 00
1807 75
1750 61
Toronto .•
Walkerton
3312
61
338
148
30
60995
1038
9202
4381
1408
11703 63
1425 00
Woodstock
Welland
Whitby
Lock-ups —
Gore Bay
1850 00
1734 00
1625 00
200 00
225 00
200 00
Mattawa
20
58
303 00
150 00
Sudbury
Huntsville
Fort William |
400 00
2
200 00
1197
7
386
557
1 '
121
410 18
58
266 30
516 10
Bruce Mines
Burk's Falls
1
200 00
200 00
49
457 50
^y
Totals
12531
3131
9400
79750
197350 j
55388 99
77667 84
36
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 189a
No. 13.
salaries of the various gaol officials, for the j^ear ended 30th September, 1889>.
Expenditures.
Salaries of—
3
.21
a O
13
»- " §•
p s
t. ?
»5
CO .
^-^'1
2." =
^•5„;
•
NAME OF
'5
^-1
Uj OS
O CO
§
GAOL.
1-
o
1°
be. C
^ S fe
i» O P
£ fi >^
> o «
o
a
w
a
2
Is
be
1-
"o
eS
•
O
H
<
$ c.
<J
<
O
H
s
o
§ c.
$ c.
$ c.
$ c.
$ c.
$ c.
$ c.
$ c.
132 n
4236 23
9 55
9 79
19 34
800 00
500 00
225 00
200 00
Barrie.
24 69
1887 25
5 31
10 42
15 73
560 00
450 00
140 00
100 00
Berlin.
^
2366 01
3 22
7 43
10 65
600 00
550 00
300 00
200 00
Belleville.
110 92
2390 05
1 83
4 07
5 90
650 00
500 00
300 00
200 00
Brantford.
19 23
1521 72
1 46
4 55
6 01
500 00
400 00
200 00
50 00
Brampton.
5 98
2415 82
4 28
9 22
13 50
1000 00
400 00
l.oO 00
100 00
Brockville.
350 00
3 50
3 50
300 00
50 00
Bracebridge.
Cayuga.
19 75
2027 75
6 58
10 04
16 62
6C0 00
365 00
120 00
140 00
1972 67
6 98
15 69
22 67
740 00
300 00
100 00
225 00
Cornwall.
50 00
2805 18
9 21
11 88
21 09
800 00
500 00
200 00
80 00
Cobourg.
95 87
2628 76
4 38
8 26
12 64
725 00
617 50
200 00
175 00
Chatham.
21 22
2574 21
15 20
19 32
34 52
600 00
500 00
200 00
120 00
Goderich.
2498 90
13 20
15 52
28 72
600 00
450 00
200 00
100 00
Guelph.
36 41
5136 69
2 52
3 03
5 55
1000 00
1300 00
350 00
250 00
Hamilton.
198 47
4392 07
9 75
7 54
17 29
800 CO
765 00
200 00
150 00
Kingfiton.
128 05
6434 46
2 76
3 41
6 17
750 00
1750 00
750 00
300 00
London.
1636 90
7 25
18 73
25 98
500 00
400 00
200 00
80 00
Lindsay.
13 26
1606 69
15 78
39 62
55 40
600 00
274 00
225 00
50 00
L'Orignal.
4 25
1270 44
77
3 06
3 83
500 00
365 00 1 100 00
50 00
Milton.
100 00
1764 88
16 25
23 86
40 11
475 00
400 00
100 CO
75 00
ISapanee.
427 90
5549 52
5 23
3 43
8 66
650 00
1000 00
350 00
200 00
Ottawa.
86 00
4096 60
13 23
8 11
21 34
700 00
500 00
300 00
250 00
Owen Sound.
30 00
1822 02
8 05
17 61
25 66
600 00
400 00
150 00
100 00
Orangeville.
59 44
2430 90
11 16
20 00
31 16
900 00
400 00
160 00
100 00
Perth.
1166 69
4 86
17 15
22 01
400 00
348 75 100 00
60 00
Picton.
1684 63
5 37
17 09
22 46
600 00
456 50
125 00
100 00
Pembroke.
2547 12
10 79
12 16
22 95
650 00
400 00
1.50 00
150 00
Peterboro'.
8 00
2031 84
63.5 78
2549 88
16 47
6 97
4 40
22 60
8 54
17 77
39 07
15 51
22 17
600 00
300 CO
900 00
400 00
175 00
50 00
200 00
Port Arthur.
16 00
"'26606'
Parry Siiind.
Rat Portage.
11 56
744 00
110 57
1819 20
7 12
9 72
16 84
400 00
350 00
200 00
100 00
Simcoe
2887 97
14 08
15 09
29 17
720 00
420 00
200 00
150 00
St. Catharines.
65 55
3219 44
6 40
5 94
12 34
050 00
500 00
250 00
150 00
Sarnia.*
2540 61
7 61
9 33
16 94
600 00
425 00
250 00
125 00
Stratford.
202 20
3021 90
4 57
10 39
14 96
600 00
1050 00 1 250 00
200 00
Sandwich.
2121 42
1 73
9 99
11 72
600 00
857 75
200 00
150 00
St. Thomas.
42 06
3687 33
15 17
13 86
29 03
500 00
885 61
100 00
200 00
Sault Ste. Marie.
691 24
23G55 62
3 03
2 96
5 99
1700 00
5860 00
660 00
1200 00
Toronto.
311 04
2062 10
6 13
13 70
19 83
700 00
375 00
250 00
100 00
Walkerton.
• 190 20
4598 43
6 92
4 66
11 58
800 00
500 00
200 00
350 CO
Woodstock.
50 00
3334 00
8 79
9 53
18 32
600 00
450 00
254 00
100 00
Welland.
22 98
2222 33
6 87
18 67
25 54
800 00
450 00
175 00
200 00
Whitby.
Lock-ups —
265 45
517 26
315 90
461 10
153 90
400 00
200 00
933 03
200 58
476 20
457 50
21 81
10 08
5 03
5 10
78
8 00
40 00
4 44
11
15 34
66 67
7 76
8 70
9 78
30 00
'"5'49'
40 00
11 11
4 86
88 48
17 84
13 73
14 88
30 78
8 00
40 00
9 93
40 11
26 45
4 86
200 00
200 00
200 00
300 00
150 00
400 00
200 00
350 00
200 00
200 00
400 00
Gore Bay.
Little Current.
10 00
] 00
Manitowaning,
Mattawa
Minden.
Huntsville.
6 75
Fort William.
Bruce IVIines
9 90
Burk's Falls.'
North Bay.
3313 20
136370 03
4 68
6 20
10 88
Totals
37
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 1890
TABLE No. 14.
Shewing the daily cost per prisoner in each of the gaols, excluding the district
lock-ups, for the year ending the 30th September, 1889.
_
'O
t->
fe ho
c S
•r 0)
§
C3
s n
(4-^
T3
U ^
.2 S
^.2
§
4^.2
NAME OF GAOL.
m p
o ft
-^= OS
^-^
^ si
"J3
•
c3
" (H h
c3 g ^
*o o
3 O-w
o => ^
g o
>'S
^
H
O
<
$ c.
Cts.
Barne
219
120
222
9152
3064
7267
1959 62
612 56
716 01
21 41
iJerlin.
19 99
Belleville
9.85
Brantford
405
253
179
5362
1526
4418
629 13
352 49
759 84
11.55
Brampton
23.09
Brockville
17.19
Cayuga
122
2897
783 00
27.02
Cornwall
87
1784
607 67
34.06
Cobourg .....
133
5320
1175 18
22.09
Chatham
208
4790
816 39
17.04
Goderich ....
74
4163
1132 99
27.09
Guelph
87
2195
1148 90
52.34
Hamilton
925
13591
2200 28
16.11
Kingston
254
1042
8977
16182
2278 60
2756 41
25.38
London
17.03
Lindsay
63
29
2634
1500
456 90
444 43
17.34
L'Orignal
29.62
Milton
332
2970
251 19
8.45
Napanee ....
44
2352
614 88
26.14
Ottawa
641
11776
2921 62
24.81
Owen Sound .
192
71
7056
5932
2260 60
542 02
32:37
Orangeville
9.13
Perth
78
5611
811 46
14.46
53
761
257 94
33.89
Pembroke
75
111
52
41
3835
5136
3031
837
403 13
1197 12
848 84
269 78
10.51
23.30
Port Arthur
28.00
32.23
115
1783
494 32
27.72
108
2182
658 63
30.18
St. Catharines
99
2897
1397 97
48.25
261
6964
1603 89
23.03
Stratford
150
4439
1140 61
25.69
Sandwich
202
4108
719 70
17.51
St. Thomas
181
4286
313 67
7.31
127
3951
4336
76222
1894 06
11260 75
43.68
14.77
104
1865
326 06
17.48
397
182
11481
4763
2558 23
1550 00
22.28
Welland
32.54
Whitby
87
2853
574 35
20.13
Total
12076
272298
53701 22
19.73
38
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). *A. 1890
SEPARATE EEPORTS UPON COMMON GAOLS.
Barrie Gaol.
1887. 1888. 1889.
Prisoners cortimitted during the year - 157 174 219
Greatest nw^nber con fined at any one time 31 31 39
Number of re-committals - - - 7 9 28
Total cost of maintaining goal - - $4,124.64 $4,058.91 $4,236.23
I instructed Mr. Nicholson to make an inspection of this gaol. A copy of
his report to me is annexed :
Acting uader your instructions I made an inspection of the Barrie gaol on
the 24th August. There were then in custody ten men and three women. Seven
of the prisoners were vagrants, three were under sentence for drunkenness, and
one for larceny. One male and one female had been committed as lunatics.
The gaol was found to be well kept in all respects.
I enquired into the circumstances of the escape of James Powell, a lunatic,
which occurred on the night of the 11th August, and ascertained as follows: The
prisoner's mental condition having improved very much (furing his stay in gaol;
he was employed at intervals in cutting wood, and while so engaged he seems to
have found the opportunity to secrete a couple of sticks of wood in the water-
closet, by the aid of which, and the closet door which he lifted off its hinges, he
was enabled to scale the wall.
Owing to a slight indisposition, Powell had occasion to visit the closet some-
what frequently on the day of his escape, and was allowed to do so without
attendance or strict surveillance.
It is quite evident that in this instance rule 41 was not strictly observed,
which makes it the special duty of the turnkeys to watch prisoners and oversee
them when at work, seeing that they are never left alone in the gaol yards. Had
this rule been followed the escape could not have happened. I would add, how-
ever, that the a-aoler was absent on leave at the time of this occurrence, and the
inexperience of the man temporarily employed to assist the turnkey may in some
measure account for the lack of oversight of this prisoner.
I noticed that the escape was further facilitated by the position of the water-
closet roof which projects outside the yard wall, and affords an e&sj means of
reaching the ground. This structural arrangement appears to conflict with the
requirements of Rule 97. It is alio to be noted that the door of the closet is
-attached simply with " hook-and-eye " hinges, making it readily available as a
ineans of escape. This should be made more secure.
Berlin Gaol.
1887. 1888. 1889.
Prisoners commvitted during the year - 109 112 120
Greatest number confined at any one time 14 15 18
Niimber of re-committals - - - 28 29 29
Total cost or maintaining gaol - - $1,860.04 $1^809.09 $1,887.25
A copy of the report made upon this gaol to the Government by Dr. O'Reilly
is annexed :
39
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). ^ A. 1890
My first inspection of the Berlin gaol for the current year was made on the
29th May, when it contained only two prisoners, one a male charged with larceny,
and the other a female vagrant.
On this visit T had occasion to investigate the circumstances of the escape of
a male prisoner named Thomas Jenkins, who was under sentence of eighteen
months in the Central Prison for horse stealing.
The escape took place on Saturday, 18th May, under circumstances which do
not reflect any credit upon the management of the gaol. The gaoler himself had
the prisoners doing some work outside, and when returning to the gaol and but
a few yards from the place where the prisoner had been working, the gaoler
returned for a tool that had been left behind, allowing the prisoner to go on alone.
The prisoner did so, and he has not been seen since. The turnkey was absent
from the gaol at the time. The gaoler pursued his prisoner for some distance,
leaving the gaol to take care of itself, but did not catch him.
I am not at all satisfied with the manner in which this gaol is conducted*
The Sheriff does not enforce that discipline and attention to duties on the part
of the gaol officers that is necessary. I have explained the whole matter in a
special letter to the Sheriff, and trust that what I have said will lead to some
improvement.
Dr. O'Reilly instructed Mr. Mann to visit this gaol. He reported as under :
Acting under your instructions I made a visit to the Berlin gaol on the 7th
October. The prisoners in custody numbered 4, all males. 3 were on remand,
and 1 was committed for refusing to attend drill.
The corridors on the north side of this gaol are still furnished with old worn
out wooden bedsteads, which are found to be very objectionable, it being impos-
sible to keep them clear of vermin. Iron ones should be substituted at the
earliest possible momert.
The gaol is in good order. Books properly kept and entered up to date.
Belleville Gaol.
Prisoners committed during the year
Greatest number coniined at any one tim,e
Niimher of recommittals . - .
Total cost of maintaining gaol - - $2,161.60 $2,204.15 82,866.01
Copies of the reports made to the Government by me are annexed :
1 made an inspection of the Belleville gaol on the 6th of June, and saw the
27 prisoners then in custody, 23 males and 4 females.
One of the males had been convicted of rape, one for aiding and abetting, one
for seduction, one for aggravated assault and aAvaiting his trial, one charged with
burglary, one with larceny, and for using abusive language one was under
sentence of two months, one had been committed charged with giving liquor to
an Indian, one for trespassing on railway, one for refusing to keep his family,
and 8 for minor offences such as vagrancy, drunkenness, etc., and 3 were commit-
ted as insane. Of the females, 3 were convicted of vagrancy, and 1 as insane.
Since the date of my last visit the gaoler has been occupying his new
quarters. The completion of the alterations and improvements in the gaol afford
the desired room and means for the classification of prisoners.
40
1887.
1888.
1889.
214
250
222
34
28
34
29
74
86
53 Victoria. Sessional Prpers (No. 11). A. 1890
I found in Ward No. 1, eight prisoners under sentence ; in No. 2, two under
sentence, convicted of serious offences ; in No. 3, there was one of violent habits
and threatening character, who by his separation from other prisoners in custody,
was placed beyond the power of doing injury to himself" or others ; in Ward No. 4,
there were 4 prisoners, 3 lunatics in keeping of a trusty prisoner ; in Ward No.
5 there were 4 young men under sentence for a few days each for first
offences.
The ward occupied temporarily by lunatics is in all respects most suitable*
and the one by the younger men is equally good, and provides amply for the
isolation and separation so desirable in all such cases.
From the large number of commitments lately, it is fortunate that the im-
provement had been made and additional room added before the increasd
number had to be cared for. The refitting and improvement has been substan-
tially and satisfactorily done. The principal requirement now is to fui nish iron
bedsteads in wards No. 3 and 5, and in view of the necessity for them the Sheriff
will please bring these notes in regard thereto, to the notice of the committee in
charge at an early day, so that the wooden cots now in use may be removed.
Some parts of them might on occasion be used for purposes of assault to the
detriment of the officials, and they are otherwise objectionable.
I found the premises in excellent order, neat and well-kept. The house
erected for the gaoler is a model of neatness and comfort, heated with a furnace,
supplied with city water and gas, and the plans and arrangements are convenient
throughout.
I made a second inspection of the Belleville gaol on the 10th October, 1889,
and saw the 28 prisoners then in custody. Awaiting trial there was 1 charged
with murder, I for rape, 7 for larency, 1 for house-breaking, 1 carrying a revolver
1 for giving liquor to Indians, 11 drunks and vagrants, 5 were committed as insane.
Of the females, 1 committed as in.sane, ] for vagrancy.
Since the alterations and improvements were made in this gaol, I found that
the classification of prisoners was very correctly made and the sentenced prisoners
were confined in ward No. 1. In No. 2 were those awaiting trial for more
aggravated offences. In No. 3 were those awaiting trial for less serious crime
and offences. In No 4 the male lunatics were kept. And in No. 5 the female
lunatics were being cared for. In No. 6 the boys were properly separated and
could not come in contact with any of the other prisoners in charge.
I found the premises in excellent order, neat aud clean in all appointments,
and the books properly entered up.
Since the date of my last visit, an ofiice has been provided for the gaoler,
in every respect well situated. It is overlooking the working yard and conse-
quently under the thorough .surveillance of the gaoler.
Water is to be supplied from the city system as soon as sewers and trenches
can be dug by prison labour. This will put the gaol in very good condition
throughout, and all the appointments are ample for the accommodation of the pri-
soners incai-cerated. And one other matter only remains which will be a decided
improvement, when the council can see their way to its accomplishment ; namely,
the concreting the basement fioor in the old part of the gaol, and after the water
has been introduced in event of the concreting being done, this gaol will be second
to none in its appointments, and the county authorities are entitled to credit for
the thorough and substantial manner in which the gaoler's house has been bnilt,
and all the internal alterations in the gaol proper have been done.
41
1888.
1889.
346
405
31
31
142
120
$2,897.99
12,390.05.
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
Brantfoed Gaol.
1887.
Prisoners cortitniited during the year - 292
Greatest number confined at any one time 30
Number of re-committals - - - 119
Total cost of maintaining gaol - - $2,582.42
Copies of the reports made to the Government by Dr. O'Reilly are annexed: —
I made an inspection of this gaol on the 22nd May. There were on that date
twelve male prisoners in custody — no females.
Two of the prisoners were charged with hor.se stealing and w*^re on remand;
all the others were drunks and vagrants, with the exception of one boy, eleven
years of age, who was charged with vagrancy. It appears that this youth had
been adopted by some persons who had failed to govern him in such a way as to
keep him off the streets and out of mischief, the result being that he is lodged in
gaol pending the decision of the magistrates as to what is to be done with him.
This is an exceedingly painful case and one which ought to be disposed of with
out delay, it is a monstrous thing that a boy of this age, who has committed no
crime, should be lodged with criminals within the walls of a gaol.
I found the gaol in good order and condition, except as mentioned below :
On this visit I had occassion to investigate tlie circumstances attending the
escape of two prisoners, which took place on the night of the 13th inst. It appears
that these men, strangers in the locality, had been convicted of robbery from a
bonded car and sentenced to tliree months in the Central Prison, and while wait-
ing transfer they effected their escape in the following manner, —
Havino- procured an axe and some sticks of stovewood, with the aid of these
they pried out some bars from their cell door, then proceeded to the water-closet,
excavated the bricks from the arch of the closet, made a hole in the roof and got
out, takino- with them blankets with which they made a rope and attached it to
the chimney of the gaoler's residence and lowered themselves into the street. The
whole escape was well planned and skilfully executed ; the men have not been
heard from since.
How these men obtained the axe, which was one belonging to the gaol and
had not been missed, I failed to discover. That an axe could be in the possession
of the prisoners in their cell, or that such an implement belonging to the gaol,
could have been allowed to disappear without being missed, does not reflect credit
upon the management of the gaol. In fact everything has been done with respect
to these prisoners that could have been done, if connivance at their escape had
been meditated, I do not, however, suspect the latter for a moment.
These prisoners were companions ; they were arrested together, for the same
i.ffence, and tried and sentenced together, and during the whole of their imprison-
ment, instead of being kept apart from each other as they ought to have been,
they were not only kept in the same corridor but were made to sleep in the same
cell. The consequence w^as that they had ample facilities for concocting their
schemes, and working together in their accomplishment.
The circumstances connected with this escape disclose the existence of a state
of things which must immediately be remedied.
The first is that in the construction of the gaol the brick arch which forms
the roof of the upper corridor and cells is of a very flimsy character, being merely
a lio-ht arch two bricks thick, which a prisoner could almost pick a hole through
with a nail.
42
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
The next is that the corridors are heated with wood stoves. There are no
less than six or seven of these stoves in use, there being one inside each corridor
that requires to be heated, and the presence of a supply of split wood therefor is,
of course, a necessary condition when fires are required. Thus at most times
weapons are provided for the prisoners should they see fit to use them.
Upon an examination of the building of the gaol, I find that it will be neces-
sary to cover the arches of the upper story with iron, so that when the next pri-
soner undertakes to pull out some bricks from the ceiling he may find himself in
contact with the iron, which will not be so easy to get through.
The system of heating the gaol will require to be entirely changed, and some
plan adopted by which stoves in the corridors where the prisoners are, can be
dispensed with. I made some inquiry into the expense which is now incurred in
heating the county buildings, and found it to be enormous, and I am strongly of
opinion that the cost of erecting a low pressure steam, or a hot water apparatus,
would be paid for out of the saving in fuel which would be effected by the latter,
in five or six years, and I would strongly recommend the adoption of one of these
plans. Failing either of these, furnaces could be erected in the sraol by which
it could be heated — not so economically as by the other plans ; but the presence of
stoves would be avoided, and ready-made weapons in the shape of stovewood for
the use of prisoners would be no longer available.
There is a great necessity in this gaol, as things now are, for the employment
of an additional turnkey. The gaoler is necessarily occupied a great part of the
day with the business part of his duties. He has his books to keep and other
matters to look after which prevent his presence in the gaol and taking part in
the care of the prisoners. In fact the gaolers' duties should not embrace any of
these. He is the superintending and supervising officer, and should not be called
upon to perform routine gaol work.
The one turnkey now employed spends some considerable portion of the day
in the duties pertaining to the caretaking of the court house, in which work he
has in charge a gang of prisoners to perf orui the labour.
This is right enough so far as it goes, but while the turnkey is engaged in
this work, and the gaoler is engaged in his necessary work, the gaol is left to take
care of itself, and I am told that it is the practice to allow working prisoners to
to be in the workyard for hours at a time without any supervision at all. This is
contrary to the rules, and must be stopped.
It appears clear enough, therefore, that the duties of this important gaol can-
not be satisfactorily performed with the present staff, namely, the gaoler and the
turnkey. It is true that at some seasons of the year there are not many prisoners
in charge ; but for the greater part of the year there are more prisoners confined
than so limited a staff can do justice to.
I made a second inspection of the Brantford gaol on the 22nd November
when there were 17 prisoners in custody, 14 males and 3 females.
Three of the males were waiting trial for larceny, 1 was under sentence
for larceny^, and 1 for assault, the remainder were of the drunk and disorderly
class.
Two of the females were under sentence for selling liquor to Indians, and
1 was a vagrant.
I found that nothing has yet been done in the way of providing against such
escapes as I reported in my last inspection minutes.
43
1S.S7. 1888.
1889.
145 263
253
- 10 24
19
49 81
70
$1,044.33 $2,031.89
$1,521.72
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 13). A. 1890
Brampton Gaol.
Prisoners committed during the year
Greatest number confined at any one time
Kumher of re-committals . . .
Total cost of maintaining gaol
A copy of the report made by Dr. O'Reilly to the Government upon this
gaol is annexed ; —
My first statutory inspection of the Brampton gaol was made on the Srd
June. There was only one prisoner in custody, a male, who was on remand
charged with the use of abusive language. He is a man who has already served
two terms in the, Central Prison.
The gaol had, for a few days, been entirely empty of prisoners.
I found the gaol and its surroundings in thoroughly good order in all
respects, with the exception of the female airing court. This, from disuse (there
having been no female prisoners for some time), has become overgrown with
grass and weeds, and has received no attention on the part of the gaol employes.
The gaoler did not seem to understand that it is quite as necessary to keep
this yard in good condition when not in u.se as when it is. The sheriff will be
good enough to see that this yard is thoroughly cleared of grass and. weeds, and
put in good shape and ke)it so.
It is a matter of regret that this gaol, which in all other respects is so
well up to the times, should be allowed to remain with bedsteads made with
boards in the cells. These wooden things are very hard to keep clean and free
from vermin, while there is no difficulty whatever in keeping iron^bedsteacs
perfectly pure. I would very strongly recommend an appropriation by the
County Council for iron turn-up bedsteads, which are not very expensive and
will do away with a long standing complaint against the Brampton gaol in this
respect.
I observed that a couple of the cell doors, where attempts at escape had
been made by prisoners, have not been repaired, and gave verbal instructions to
the sheriff on the subject. This matter, which is a very small one, will no v be
attended to without any delay.
Dr. O'Reilly instructed Mr. Mann to make the second inspection, a copy of
his report is annexed : —
Acting under your instructions I visited the Brampton gaol on the 7th
October. The prisoners numbered three, all males, two being committed as drunk
and disorderl}^ and one for larceny. Iron bedsteads have been recommender^ by
the Inspector in several of his inspections, but so far have not been procured
they are an absolute necessity and should be obtained as soon as possible.
I examined the books and found them entered up to date and properly kept.
The gaol was in every respect in good order.
Brockville.
1887. 1888. 1889.
Prisoners committed during the year - - 119 131 179
Greatest number confined at any one time - 21 25 21
Number of re-committals - - - - G2 54 71
Total cost of maintaining gaol - - - $2,324.00 $2,243.69 $2,415.82
44
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A 1890
Copies of the reports made by me to the Go/ernment are annexed : —
" I made an inspection of the Brock ville gaol on the 27th December, and
found 9 prisoners in custody, 8 males and 1 iemale. Of those under sentence there
were 3 tor short terms, for drunkenness and disorderliness, and 2 for vagrancy.
Two were waiting trial and 1 was charged with robbery. The female had been
committed as a vagrant.
" I found the books correctly kept, and the gaol and premises in good order.
Such classification of prisoners is maintained as can be etfected under the
structural conditions of the building, but in this respect the gaol is fairly well
provided in view of the average population of the prison.''
I made a second statutory inspection of the Brockville gaol on the 26th
September. I found that there were fourteen prisoners in custody on that day,
10 males and 4 females. Of the males one was committed as a lunatic, one was
charged with murder, one with assault, the others were all servinof short sentences
for minor otfences. Of the females one was committed as a lunatic, one for
keeping a disorderly house, and the other two for vagrancy.
Since the date of my last visit some work has been done in scraping the
walls of the gaol, and so far as progress has been made with prison labour, it
only reveals the necessity for making a clean and thorough job of every wall in
the building, by removing the old whitewash and accumulations for 3'ears past,
when this work is accomplished the replastering of the walls will be a necessity
throughout, so that an even surface may be had which can with ordinary care be
kept clean. In its present condition it is impossible to have the gaol in a pre-
sentable state. During the past month or two, extensive alterations have been
made in the Court House building, and a projection has been built extending
in a .south-easterly direction for about eight feet which almost entirely shuts out
fresh air and light from the stairways leading into the female wards. Down
stairs another disability has been created by constructing a door- way into the
furnace room below the Court House, from the gaoler's kitchen in which the
female prisoners are rightly employed in washing, etc. ; from this apartment
access to the street is quite easy, and the duor-way named should be closed at
once, otherwise escape may be etfected.
The floors on the several corridors of the gaol should be concreted and in
event ef this being done the gaol will be in a comfortable condition so far as the
keeping of the prisoners would be concerned.
Bracebridge Gaol. «
Prisoners cortimitted duaing the year
Greatest number confined at any one ti/me
Number of re-committals - -
Total cost of maintaining gaol - - $287.00 $250.00 $350.00
A copy of a report made by me to the Government is annexed : —
I made' an Inspection of the Bracebridge gaol on the 13th April, and found
only one prisoner in custody. Since the commencement of the official year 66
prisoners have been committed.
As formerly noted there are only five cells in the gaol ; three for males and
two for females ; and as many as nine prisoners have been in the j^aol at one time
during the present year,
45
87.
1888.
1889.
11
21
100
4.
2
9
2
5
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
I found the premises clean and in as good order as could be expected under the
many disadvantages with which the gaoler has to contend. The want of accommoda-
tion for himself and family on the premises entails much extra work in preparing
and carrying food for the prisoners from his house to the gaol, which is a
considerable distance ; also in doing the washing and scrubbing, etc. The
enlargement of the gaol a;;d the providing of suitable accommodation for the
gaoler should be undertaken at the earliest possible date, in order that that official
may discharge his duties in conformity with the rules and regulations.
This inspection was made in company with the Provincial Architect, and
plans were agreed upon which will largely meet the requirements, both for the
accommodation of the gaoler and prisoners, and the appropriation specially granted
for the purpose it is hoped will cover the expenditure.
Cayuga Gaol.
1887. 1888. 1889.
Prisoners committed during the year - 67 75 122
Greatest number confined at any one time 9 9 19
Number of re- committals . - - 28 33 50
Totid cost of maintaining gaol - - $1,865.61 $2,165.07 $2,027.75
Dr. O'Reilly instructed Mr Nicholson to make the first inspection of this gaol.
He reported to Dr. O'Reilly as follows : —
In accordance with your instructions I inspected this gaol on the 30th
August : —
The prisoners numbered nine; seven males and two females. Two of the
former were awaiting trial for robbery and murder. All the others both male and
female were under sentence for drunkenness, vagrancy, etc.
On the 19th of the present month a prisoner named George Browne, made
a bold attempt to escape from this gaol by digging a hole through the wall of his
cell which abi^ts upon the outer wall. It appears that in order to search the
prisoner's cell thoroughly the gaoler removed him to the women's ward which was
empty, and while there he got possession of an old pair of scissors. With these
he dug a hole about two feet square, half way through the wall, when he was
discovered and at once removed to another cell.
The gaol was in its usual state of good order.
This gaol was inspected by Dr. O^Reilly on the 21st November, and every
part of the premises found to be in good condition.
Only four prisoners were in custody, all males ; one was waiting trial for
.murder, one was under sentence of fifteen months to the common gaol for perjury,
and two were vagi ants.
The books were well and neatly kept.
Cornwall Goal.
Prisoners committed during the year
Greatest number confined at any one time
Number of re-committals - -
Total cost of maintaining gaol - - $1,967.36 $1,918.96 $1,972.67
Copies of the reports made by me to the Government upon this gaol are
annexed.
I made an inspection of the Cornwall gaol on the 9th May, and found five
males and two females in custody.
46
1887.
1888.
1889
56
61
87
7
12
12
13
14
16
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11;. A. 1890
One of the males was under sentence for six months for shooting with intent,
one for indecent assault, one for horse stealing, and two for drunkenness and
disorderlj'- conduct.
One of the females was committed as a vagrant, and the other was a lunatic.
I found the gaol in good order throughout. Both the male and female airing
yards were in good condition ; but the woodyard adjoining was not as neatly
kept as could be desired, and the gaoler was so informed. The books were
properly entered up.
The gaol population has increased during the current year as compared with
a like period of former years, and it highly probable that, in consequence of the
large addition to the population of Cornwall, and the surrounding country, which
will probably amount to 2,000 or more, while the reconstruction of the canal is in
progress, the capacity of the goal will be taxed to its utmost.
The gaol has at present a total of only 17 cells.
I again inspected the Cornwall gaol on the 25th September and saw the
prisoners then in custody, namely, eight males. One of them had been committed
as insane ; all the others were under sentence — two for larceny, one for vagrancy,
one for assault, one was under capais, the others were charged with minor
offences.
I found the premises in good order, except that the locks all required to be
either removed or substantially repaired. The keys will not, in many cases, turn
the bolt in the locks, and in such a condition it is needless to point out the injury
and unsafe state of the premises in event of an emergency arising which would
require the gaoler's ordinary or immediate presence.
I found the books in good order and the premises properly kept.
As the court house and county offices, court room and gaol is jointly heated
a question has arisen as to the proportion which might fairly be charged to the
heating of the gaol. After a full examination, it appears that about one-quarter
of the expenditure would be necessary for that purpose, and representations will
accordingly be made to settle the matter on that basis.
CoBOUEG Gaol.
1887. 1888. 1889.
Prisoners committed during the year - 71 103 138
Greatest number confined at any one time 19 19 28
Number of re-comrriittals - - - 20 24 37
Total cost of maintaining gaol - - $3,012.68 $3,002.36 $2,805. 18-
Copies of the reports? made by me to the Government upon this gaol are-
annexed : —
An inspection of the Cobourg gaol was made by me on the 11th May. There
were nine prisoners in custody, five males and tour females. Two of the males
were committed as insane, but not certified to ; one was under sentence for
assault, one for drunkenness, and one for vagrancy. All the females were com-
mitted as lunatics, and three of them formally certified to.
Since the date of my last inspection several important prisoners have been
in charge and- have received sentences varying from one to seven years for their
47
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
offences. Escapes have been attempted on two different occasions, one by scaling
the wall of the prison during the temporary absence of the turnkey, the other
while prisoners were being conveyed from the court house to the gaol prior to
being removed to Kingston, but in neither case was the attempt successful.
After enquiry it appears that the gaoler and turnkey have on some occasions*
both been absent from the gaol at the same time in charge of prisoners being
conveyed to and from the court house. This practice must be discontinued, and
instructions have been given that at no time must the gaol be left without the
oversight and protection of one or other of the officials in charge.
I made a second statutory inspection of the Cobourg gaol, on the 28th Sep-
tember, and saw all the prisoners then in custody. There were a total of twenty-
five, seventeen males and eight females. Of the males, two had been committed
as insane, five were under sentence for larceny, one lor indecent assault, one for
horse stealing, one for receivincr stolen goods, five of the others have been com-
mitted under the vagrant act for minor offences, the other two ate awaiting trial
for indictable offences. Of the females, four have been committed as insane, one
as a prostitute, one for vagrancy, one for trespass, and one has been committed
charged with murder.
During the occasion of this visit I made enquiry regarding the circumstances
in connection with the suicide of a prisoner which took: place on the 1st inst.
The absence of any ordinary means for the successful accomplishment of his
purpose by the suicide, made the consideration of the matter perplexing, but
enquiry proved beyond doubt that his death was a voluntary act on the part of
the prisoner, and that no carelessness or indilference had been displayed by the
gaoler or his turnkey that would in the slightest degree make them responsible
tor the act.
I found the premises clean and neat ard the books properly kept.
Chatham Gaol.
1887. 1888. 1889.'
Prisoners committed during the year - 112 143 208
Greatest number confined at any one time 21 2.3 25
Number of re-co7Yirfiittals . . _ 4 15 24
Total cost of maintaining gaol - - $2,506.47 $2,734.48 $2,628.76
A copy of the reports made by Dr. O'Reilly to the Government upon this
gaol are annexed : —
This gaol was inspected by me on the 12th June, when there were nine
prisoners in custody, eight males and one female. Of the males there were
awaiting trial two for murder and one for shooting with intent. One was under
sentence to the Central Prison for horse stealing and one to the common gaol lor
selling liquor to an Indian. Three were drunk and disorderly cases. The
female prisoner was under sentence for prostitution.
The internal condition of the gaol was found to be excellent in all respects.
In the work-yard I noticed a galvanized iron pipe which, with some stone door
frames, would be well calculated to assist prisoners in escaping from there. I
have to request that the Sheriff will see that this pipe is removed and that such
alteration is made in the door frames as will obviate the danger referred to. The
whole matter was fully pointed out to the gaoler.
In this gaol there is great need of an hospital, and also a laundry.
48
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. ISJ 0
There are only two corridors for men and one for women, so that no attempt
in the direction of classification of prisoners is at all possible.
Chatham is a growing town and it frequently happens that there is a con-
siderable number of prisoners in the gaol; at such times classification is urgently
needed but is not possible. I call attention to this matter now with a view to
pressing for these improvements later on.
On my second visit I found ten male and three female prisoners. One of the
males was under sentence of death for murder, one for burglary sentenced to ten
years in the Penitentiary, two for burglary sentenced to the Central Prison, four
for assault, four for bein^f drunk and disorderly, one for abusive language.
One of the females was awaiting trial for murder, one was sentenced to the
common gaol for prostitution and one was insane.
I found the gaol in excellent order in all respects.
GoDERiCH Gaol.
1887. 1888. 1889.
Prisoners cornmitted during the year - - 70 130 74
.Greatest number confined, at any one time 18 23 15
dumber of re-committals - - - - 29 69 38
Total cost of maintaining gaol - - S2,290.60 $2,853.06 $2,574.21
A copy of the report made by Dr. O'Rielly to the Government upon this
"gaol is annexed : —
I made an inspection of the Goderich gaol on the 28th May, and found eight
prisoners in custody, six males and two females. Two of the males were under
sentence to the Central Prison for larceny, three were insane, and one a vagrant.
One of the females was insane and the other a vagrant.
The gaol was in its usual satisfactory condition as to cleanliness and order.
I called the attention of the gaol authorities to my report of 1886, of which
■no notice, in any practical shape, has been taken. The gaoler and his family are
■still left to inhabit most unsanitary quarters, which is a crying shame, consider-
ing the small amount of money that would be required to make them satisfactory.
Dr. O'Rielly instructed Mr. Mann to make the second inspection of this gaol.
He reported to Dr. O'Rielly as follows : —
In accordance with instructions received from you I visited the Goderich
gaol on the evening of the 8th October, 1889.
On the above occasion there were six prisoners in custody, three males and
three females. One of the males was committed for contempt of court, one as a
vagrant, and the third one' was a lunatic. One of the females was a vagrant and
two were insane awaiting removal to an asylum. The town system of water-
works has been introduced since the last inspection was made, otherwise the gaol
was in its usual state. The books were found correct and properly kept.
GuELPH Gaol.
1887. 1888. 1889.
Prisoners committed during the year - 106 130 87
Greatest number confined at any one time 14 19 14
N limber of re-co'mmittals --.- 9 19 7
Total cost of maintaining gaol - - $2,241.75 $2,378.28 $2,498.90.
4 ^n.) 4P
1887.
18S8.
1889.
875
1,031
925
58
63
55
485
609
535
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
Copies of the reports made to the Government by Dr. O'Rielly are annexed :.
My first iaspection of the Gaelph gaol for the current year was made on the
29th May, when it contained only three prisuaers, two males and one female.
One of the males is waiting trial for murder under very shocking circumstances.
Two extra guards are maintained to watch this prisoner, one by day and one by
night. The other male prisoner was under sentence for larceny. The only
female prisoner is an old resident of the gaol, a vagrant who has been in two or
three years.
I found the gaol in excellent order in all respects.
At my inspection of this gaol on the 7th October, there were nine prisoners
in custody, eight males and one female. Two of the male prisoners were await-
ing trial for stabbing with intent, three for assault, and one for murder. The
remaining two were lunatics. The one female in custody was alleged to be insane
The gaol was in fairly good condition in all respects.
Hamilton Gaol.
Prisoners coinmitted during the year
Greatest number confined at any one time
Number of re-committals - - - -
Total cost of maintaining gaol - - $5,392.80 $5,095.09 $5,136.61^
Copies of the reports made upon this gaol by Dr. O'Rielly to the Govern-
ment are annexed : —
My first statutory inspection of this gaol was made on the 22nd May. On
that occasion there were thirty-four prisoners in custody, namely, twenty-seven
men, six women, and one child, the latter having been committed with her
mother, who was charged with drunkenness and the child as a vagrant.
Of the male prisoners one was on remand charged with bigamy, and anotlier
with burglary, two were under sentence for larceny, and three for assault, one
was insane, but not yet certified. One of the women was charged with insanity^
and the remainder were drunks and vagrants.
I found the gaol in its usual state of good order and everything working
satisfactorily, except in one respect, and that is the- very great difficulty the
o-aoler experiences in keeping the gaol free from vermin.
In a city gaol such as this many of the prisoners are received in a very filthy
condition and covered with vermin of a kind very difficult to kill. The cleansing
of these prisoners together with their clothing is necessarily done by themselves
or other prisoners, and is, of course, done in a very careless and perfunctory man-
ner, and it is often found that when a prisoner's clothing is returned to him on
leaving the gaol, it is as bad as when it came in.
The gaoler suggests that a place for fumigating this clothing should be pro-
vided. I think it a very good idea, and would recommend that such an arrange-
ment be made.
An inspection of this gaol was made by me on the 6th December. There
were in custody on that date twenty-eight males and five females.
Of the male prisoners twenty-two were under sentence for minor oflfences,
one was charged with insanity, but not certified, and the following were awaiting
50
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
trial : One for vagrancy, one for false pretences, one for assault, one for man-
slaughter, and one was held in default of sureties to keep the peace.
Of the females two were insane, one was under sentence to the Mercer
Reformatory for concealment of birth, one was sentenced to the common gaol for
assault, and one for drunkenness.
On this visit my attention was called to the great need which eicists for a
water-closet in the administration or official part of the gaol. There is only one
closet for the entire officers' quarters, which must necessarily be used by the
gaoler's family, and all the officials of both sexes. There is great need for very
considerable improvement in this respect.
Kingston Gaol.
1887. 1888. 1889.
Prisoners committed during the year - 216 209 254
Oreatest niomber confined at any one time 53 33 36
Number oj re-commiftals - - - - 25 30 37
Total cost of maintaining goal - - - $4,053.95 $3,891.34 $4,392 07
Copies of the reports made by me to the Government upon this gaol are
annexed :-—
I made an inspection of this gaol on the 9th May, when there were twenty-
two male and three female prisoners in custody. Of the males two were under
sentence for violating the The Canada Temperance Act, one was held on a capias,
four were serving short terms for assault, one was^on remand, and the remaining
fourteen were under sentence for drunkenness and vagrancy.
One of the females was committed as insane, one for keeping a disorderly
house, and the other for vagrancy.
I found the premises in their usual state of excellent order and cleanliness ;
a very noticeable defect, however, is the Use of wooden benches in the place of
iron bedsteads. Four dozen of the latter would supply the requirements of the
gaol, and make a very great improvement in its appointments. So satisfactoty
in other respects, the gaol should have this small want supplied without further
delay.
I made a second inspection of the Kingston Gaol on the 26th September.
The number of prisoners in custody on the day of my visit was 21 — 13 males
and 8 females. Of the males 2 were awaiting trial charged with rape, 2 for
larceny, 2 had been committed as insane, 1 had been fully certified, 2 were on
remand, one charged with larceny the other with drunkenness ; the other 5 were
under short sentences for drunkenness, vagrancy, etc. Of the 8 female prisoners
one was insane and the other seven were under sentence — one for keeping a
disorderly house and the remaining six vagrancy. During the past year 209
prisoners were received up to a like date, and during the current year 253
have been committed, showing an increased population of the gaol for the
current year of 44 prisoners.
The old wooden benches are still in use in the cells for beds, and do not in
any way add to the comfort or appearance of the premises. Otherwise I found
the gaol in its usual condition of excellent order, and all the apartments clenn
and neat.
51
.^3 Victoria. Sessional Tapers (No. 11). A. 1890
London Gaol.
1887. 1888. 1889.
Prisoners committed during the year - 841 883 1,042
Greatest number confined at any one time 61 66 68
Number of re-committals. - . - . . 387 412 429
Totalcostof maintaining gaol - - - $6,378.07 $7,578.61 $6,434.46
Copies of the reports made by Dr. O'Rielly to the Government are anne.x.ed : —
My first inspection of the London gaol for the current year was made on
4;he oth April, ou which occasion there were 34 male and 13 female prisoners in
-custody.
One of the male prisoners was waiting trial for perjury and one for larceny-
Twelve were under sentence for assault, and one for violation uf the Canada
Temperance Act. Three were insane, and the balance were vagrants and drunks
One of the females was under sentence for larceny, one was held for want
of sureties to keep the peace, four were insane, and the remainder were under
sentence for drunkenness and vagrancy.
The gaol was as well kept as it is possible to keep an old building such as it
is.
1 inspected this gaol on the 21st September, and found it well kept and
orderly as usual.
There were 33 prisoners in custody — 2.5 males and 8 females. Two of the
males were awaiting trial for larceny, one for fraud, three for assault, one for
false pretenses, one for debt, and seventeen were drunks and vagrants.
Of the females four were jiUeged to be insane and four were vagrants.
Lindsay Gaol.
Prisoners confimitted during the year -
Greatest number confined at any one time
Number' of re-coriiniittals - - - -
Total cost of maintaining gaol - - - $1,540.37 $1,989.50 $1,636.90
Copies of the reports made by me to the Government upon this gaol are
annexed ;-7-
" An inspection of the Lindsay gaol was made by me on the 3rd January,
There were in custody on that day 8 male and 4 female prisoners. One male
and one female had been committed as lunatics. One of the men was charged
with larceny, all the others were under sentence for vagrancy and minor offences.
" The special object of mv visit was to meet the chairman and committee in
charo-e of the county buildings, and discuss with them the question of additional
gaol accommodation. The necessity for increased room was beyond question,
and the required structural alterations were fully considered, as well as the
proper heating of the building. A number of serious cases of illness have
occurred recently among the indigent persons committed, and no proper place
exists for their care when in that condition. In this gaol there are only four
corridors, with eighteen cells. Although the number of prisoners usually com-
mitted has not been in excess of the accommodation, with a reasonable provision
for classification, yet in the case of sickness just referred to, no suitable room is
available for their proper care and treatment.
52
387.
1888.
1889.
62
69
63
13
18
14
2
6
5
63 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
" The attic of the gaol has never been finished, and on makinor an examination
of that part of the building- it was found that Vjy fitting it up the required
apartments for the above named class of persons, as well as others, could be pro-
vided. By building up the walls which form the divisions of the two lower
flats the attic could be divided into suitable rooms. The windows are already
well secured, and the principal expenditure would be the sheeting of the ceiling
with iron, but that would not be very great. A continuation of the present stair-
way would also be necessary to afiord access to the upper coi'ridors. In the event
of this work being compleied as propose^l, the extra a'^commodation made avail-
able would in all probability meet the requirements for some time to come.
"The heatino- of the gaol was considered, and the understanding arrived at
was that in completing the attic it would be most desirable to have it comfort-
ably heated either by steam or hot water, as may be found most advantageous.
"Attention was called to the condition of the cellar floor and the necessity
for concreting it to insure its perfect sanitary condition, as well as security.
" No difference of opinion existed as to the necessity for making the improve-
ments named at the earliest possible date, and the understanding arrived at was-
that the committee shouM bring the matter up at the first meeting of the new
council for the current .year, with a view to having their co-operation and
authority in proceeding with the work. The necessity for the enlargement is so
obvious that there can be jio object in deferring the work, and it is therefore
to be hoped that the council generally will accord with the views of the committee,
and adopt, without delay, the suggestions made."
The second inspection I reported as follows : —
I made an inspection of this gaol on the 80th October, and saw the four
males and one female then in custody. The latter was serving a short sentence
for drunkenness ; one of the males was under sentence for assault, one for
larceny, and the remaining two for drunkenness and disorderliness.
The alterations and improvements undertaken in- this gaol since the date of
my last inspection were still in progress, and when completed will add two more
corridors containing three large cells each. These will be well adapted for the
safekeeping of sick prisoners, or insane persons temporarily committed. They
are quite secure and in all respects well suited to the purpose for which they have
lieen constructed, and although the time occupied in the work has been extended,
good and satisfactory work is being done, and when completed the Increased
accommodation afforded, will greatly improve the condition of the gaol.
I note, however, that the locks of the cells are fastened to the gates, and that
sufficient space between the bars is left to admit of tampering with the locks-
from the inside of the cell.
If the cells are only used for the purpose designated, their security in this-
respect will be sufficient; but as circumstances might arise which would necessi-
tate their use for a moi'e dangerous class of prisoners, it is desirable to have
these cells made as secure as possible. The remedy of course is to place an
additional bar in the gates, and the protection of the locks by fastening a small
sheet iron plate around them.
In view of the desirability in many cases of affording sick or insane prisoners-
the freedom of the corridors, it will also be necessary to j)rotect the windows
with iron gratings fastened upon the framework, and so hung as to be opened or
closed at pleasure by the gaoler or his assistant, securing them by small Scandina-
vian locks to staples in the woodwork.
53
53 Victoria. vSessiona] Papers (No. 11). A. 18J^0
This arrangement would not interfere with the opening of the sash to admit
fresh air when necessary.
The gaol has been furnished with hot water heating apparatus throughout,
and the authorities are entitled to much credit for the satisfactory manner in
which the work has been accomplished. The first outlay will no doubt be
recouped in a short time, by the saving in fuel which will be effected, and the
gaol will be much more comfortably heated.
The kitchen floor in the basement has been relaid, and quite a number of
minor improvements which were recommended, have been carried out in a good
and substantial manner.
I need only add that when the premises are free of the disturbance incident
to the workmen employed, and the accumulated debris removed, the gaol will not
only present a verj^ neat appearance, but will in every way be found to provide
most satisfactorily for the classification and safekeeping of the prisoners.
The sheriff will please bring these notes to the notice of the committee in
charge, on the occasion of their next meeting, with the view of having the sugges-
tions in regard to the cell gates and corridor windows attended to.
L'Orignal Gaol.
18.S7. 1888. 1889.
Prisoners committed during the year - 22 17 29
Greatest iiumber confined at avy one time - 10 8 13
Nubmber of re-comtnittals . . ~ ... i 2
Total cost of maintaining gaol - - $1,126.02 $1,294.32 $1,600.69
I instructed Mr. Nicholson to make an inspection of this gaol. He reported to
tne as follows : —
Acting under the instructions of the In.spector of Prisons, I made an inspec-
tion of the L'Orignal gaol on the 27th July.
There were eight prisoners in cust.)dy on that date, all males. Two were insane,
and one was an idiot. One was waiting trial on a charge of assault and robbery,
and the remainder were under sentence, two for assault and two for felony.
The gaol was in good condition, and the books properly entered up.
Milton Gaol.
1887. 1888. 1889.
Prisoners coTumitted during the year - 255 493 332
Greatest number confined at any one time - 25 32 29
Number of re-covimittals ... - 39 93 32
Total cost of maintaining gaol - - $1,356.29 $1,318.57 $1,270.44
Copies of the reports made by Dr. O'Reilly to the Government upon this
gaol are annexed : —
My first statutory inspection of this gaol was made on the 3rd June. There
were on that date three male and three female prisoners in custody.
One of the males was held on a charge of violating the liquor law, the other
two were under sentence for drunkenness and vagrancy, respectively.
Of the females one was held on a charge of child murder, and the others
were charged with keeping a disorderly house in Georgetown.
54
45
44
9
15
18
25
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1^90
I found the gaol in all respects in its usual state of good order; there is not,
and cannot be a better kept gaol in the province. The management of it, how-
ever, is rendered unneces.sarily troublesome to the gaoler and matron, from the
absence of a proper gaol kitchen, which has never been provided. I have called
attention to this matter several times without avail, and it will probably be
necessary for me to ask for the machinery of the law to be put in operation,
before anything is accomplished.
The second inspection of the Milton gaol was made on the 2nd December
when it contained eight prisoners, all males.
Four of the prisoners were vagrants, one was under sentence for five months
for assault, one was awaiting trial for larceny, one fur criminal assault on a child
and one for contempt of court.
This gaol partakes more of the character of a poor house than of a gaol.
Since the 1st October last, there has been fiftj^-five prisoners admitted to
this gaol, forty-four of whom were vagrants, mostly committed for one night, and
sent on their way the following morning. The greatest number committed at any
one time was twelve, of whom only one was a female.
Napanke Gaol.
1887.
Prisoners wnimitted during the year - 49
Greatest number confined at any one time 8
Number of re-committals . _ - 22
Total cost of maintaining gaol - - $1233.92 $1,439.21 $1,764.88.
A copy of the report made to the Government by me upon this gaol is
annexed .
I inspected the Napanee gaol on the 5th of June.
There were four prisoners in custody on the day of my visit, two males and
two females, one of the females had been committed as a vagranl, and the other
was under sentence for larceny.
The books were properly kept, and I found the premises in good order
Nothing worthy of note had transpired since the date of my last visit.
Ottawa Gaol.
1887. 1888. 1889.
Prisoners co7)imitted during the year - 632 715 641
Greatest number confined at any one time 42 55 48
Numher of re-committals - - - 80 88 74
Total cost of maintaining gaol - - $5,316.37 $5,678.75 $5,549.52.
Copies of the reports made by me to the Government upon this gaol are
annexed :
I made an inspection of the Ottawa gaol on the 9th of April.
I found eighteen males and thirteen females incarcerated, two of the males
were under sentence for larceny, one for assault, two were fully certified to as
lunatics and were awaiting their removal to an asylnm, one male was committed
charged with murder and one for larceny. Of the females two were under sen-
tence for larceny, one for keeping a house of ill-fame, two had been committed
charged with murder, and one with forgery.
55
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
The remainder of the prisoners both male and female had been committed
charged with minor offences.
The commitments for the current year are about the same in number as for
a like period in former years.
I found the books and records in good order and properly kept.
I found the premises were kept as the accomodation in the gaol would
permit.
The alterations and structural arrangements for the better classification of
prisoners required is at length being undertaken, and I understand that an archi-
tect is retained with the view of furnishing such plans and specifications as shall
meet the requirements in this regard. The submission of them for their approval
was promised at an early day.
I made another inspection of the Ottawa gaol on the 4th October. There^
were then eighteen male and nine female prisoners in custody, total twenty-seven.
One of the males had been committed as insane, one was under sentence for
larceny, five for vagrancy and seven for drunkenness and disorderly conduct.
The others were awaiting trial on various charges of a minor natui-e. The females
were all under sentence, three for vagrancy, two for keeping houses of ill fame,
one for selling liquor without a license, and one for larceny. The other two were
under sentence ior assault.
There is a marked decrease in commitments to this gaol for the past year^
the number being 641, as against 715 for the previous year, showing a decrease
of 7-4. A noticeable feature of this decrease is that it is principally in the number
of commitments of female prisoners.
I found the premises well kept and the books entered up.
I regret to find however that active operations in regard to the alterations
required had not been proceeded with. T was informed that the delay was
occasioned by difficulties arising between the county and the city respecting the
adjustment of accounts. A mattter in connection with the drainage of the build-
ing was also represented to be under discussion and causing delay.
The delay may be partially attributed to the causes assigned, but neglect is
also apparant.
An informal interview was had with the committee of council in regard to
the improvements necessary, and as to the necessity for the early commencement
of operations. Before the interview terminated, a proposal that the plans sub-
mitted by the architect, and approved of sometime ago, should be carried out
immediately, appeared to be unaminously acquiesced in. It is therefore to be
hoped that these alterations, which are so necessary and important, will be under-
taken without further loss of time.
Owen Sound Gaol.
1887.
Prisoners committed during the year - 147
Greatest number confined at any one time 35
Number of re-committals - - 58
Total cost of maintaining gaol - - $3,852.48 $3,750.33 $4,090.60.
A copy of the report made upon this gaol to the Government by Dr. O'Keilly,
is annexed :
The Owen Sound gaol was inspected by me on the 18th July.
56
1888.
1889,
182
192
34
29
79
87
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 181)0
There were fourteen male and two female prisoners in custody.
Six of the former were vagrants, and of the others, one was committed for
larceny, one for drunkenness, one for a breach of a townshiji by-law, one for
indecent exposure, one for fraud, one for assault and one for insanity.
Both the female prisoners were vagrants.
The wooden bedsteads remaining in the gaol had been taken down owing ta
the filth and vermin that accumulated in them, and the gaoler was instructed not
to put them up again as they are entirely unfit for use. The sheriff must see
that proper iron bedsteads are provided in their place. The wash room has not yet
been completed, but it is to be hoped that the council will see that ic is attended
to without urmecessary delay. The rest of the gaol was in satisfactory condition
Dr. O'Reilly instructed Mr. Nicholson to make the second inspection of this
gaol. A copy of his report is annexed : —
As directed by you I visited the Owen Sound gaol on the 26th August.
There were fourteen males and four females in custody. Nine of the former
were under sentence as follows : Larceny, one ; fraud, one ; assault, two ; inde-
cent exposure, one ; held as a debtor, one ; vagrancy, two ; drunkenness, one.
Three were on remand, and two were charged with being insane.
Two of the females were on remand, and the others were committed as
vagrants.
The prisoners were locked up for the night at the time of my inspection-
There was a perceptible want of ventilation in the corridors. The floors had
been newly painted and the walls whitewashed. The building, generally, was in
excellent order.
Orangeville Gaol.
1887.
Prisoners committed during the year - 57
Greatest number confined at any one time 23
Number of re-committals - - - 25
Total cost of maintaining gaol - - $2,286.44 $2,210.60 $1,822.02
Dr. O'Reilly instructed Mr. Nicholson to make an inspection of this gaol
He reported to Dr. O'Reilly as follows : —
Acting under your instructions I visited tlie Orangeville gaol on the 27th
August.
Sixteen prisoners — twelve men and four women — were in custody, no h ss
than ten of whom were under sentence for vagrancy. Three others weie under
sentence for larceny, and one was waiting trial for incendiarism. The remaining
two were idiotic.
A wash house has been erected in the gaol yard, and the wooden fence that
enclosed the yard has been replaced by a stone wall.
The f^aol was in its usual state of cleanliness and orood order.
Perth Gaol.
1887. 1888. 1889.
Prisoners committed during the year - 77 82 78
Greatest number confined at any one time 24 38 27
Number of re-committcds - - • - 31 22 25
Total cost of maintaining gaol - - $2,254.60 $2,356.00 $2,43090
57
888.
188a
60
71
21
24
20
46
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
A copy of a report made by me to the Government upon this gaol is
annexed : —
I mad^e a statutory inspection of the Perth gaol on the 13th June, and saw
all the prisoners — six males and five females.
One of the males was under sentence for larceny, the other five had been
committed for vagrancy.
One of the females was an idiot, and another was fully certified as insane ;
the remainder were vagrants.
About the same number of prisoners have been committed during the current
year, up to date, as during the corresponding period of the two pievious years,
although as many as twenty -seven prisoners have been under charge at one time.
This Condition of matters if continued will necessitate the enlargement of the
gaol accommodation, as no proper classihcation of prisoners can be made under
present circumstances.
The gaoler's aimrtments could at a moderate expense be converted into
prisoners quarters if a house were built for the accommodation of the gaoler's
family, and the gaol surgeon points out the necessity for making these changes.
1 therefore beg to direct the attention of the municipality to the considera-
tion of this matter, and the sheriff' will please bring to the notice of the committee
•of council my remarks in regard thereto.
I foun<l the premises in excellent order, and clean and neat.
The books were properly entered up.
I instructed Mr. Nicholson to make the second inspection of this gaol. A
copy of his report to me is annexed : —
Acting under your instructions I visited the Perth gaol on the 29th July.
There were eleven males and three females in custody, ten of whom were
vagrants. Three were under sentence for larceny, attempted rape and drunken-
ness respectively, and one was charged with insanity.
The gaol was in good order throughout, and the books of record were found
to be properly written up.
PiCTON Gaol.
18.S7. 1888. 1889.
Prisoners committed daring the year - 42 b2 58
Greatest number confined at any one time 6 6 6
Number of re-committals - - - 27 27 82
Total cost of maintaining gaol - - Sl,068.66 $1,827.66 $1,166.69
This gaol was inspected by me on the 11th October. From the records I
noted that fifty-three prisoners had been incarcerated during the past year.
There were none in custody however on the day of my visit.
I found the premises strictly clean and in good order, evidencing care and
iittention to duty on the part of the gaoler and turnkey. The books were also
fully entered up.
Pembroke Gaol.
1887. 1888. 1889.
Prisoners committed daring the year - 57 60 75
Greatest number confined at any one time 15 15 18
Number of re- comviittals - - - iiO 16 17
Total cost of maintaining gaol - - $1,675.76 $1,731.50 $1,684.63
58
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
A copy of a report made to the Government by me upon this gaol is
annexed : —
I made an inspection of this gaol on the evening of the 10th of April.
There were eight prisoners then in custody, six males and two females. Two of
the males were under sentence for larceny, and the other four were serving short
terms for vagrancy. One of the females was detained on account of civil process,
and the other a vagrant.
I found the premises in excellent order, the spring cleaning had just been
finished, and the cells, corridors and stairways, and all the apartments were
thoroughly clean and tidy.
I instructed Mr. Nicholson to make the second inspection of this gaol. A
"Copy of his report to me annexed : —
Acting under the instructions of the Inspector of Prisons, I made an inspec-
tion of the Pembroke gaol on the 24th July.
There were then in custody eight male and three female prisoners. Three
of the males were waiting trial for burglary, one was held under a capias as a
debtor, one was committed for a violation of the Canada Temperance Act, and
the others were under sentence for vagrancy.
Of the females, one was insane, one a prostitute, and one a vagrant.
The gaol generally was in good order. Piping has been laid to connect the
down pipes of the building with the drain in use with the object of flushing it.
The books are well kept.
Peterborough Gaol.
1887.
Prisoners conimitted during the year - 100
Greatest number confined at any one tinrne 22
Number of re-comTYiittals - - - 1 7
Total cost of maintaining gaol - - .$2,573.64 $2,861.29 $2,547.12
A copy of the report made by me to the Government upon this gaol is
annexed :—
" The Peterborough gaol was inspected by me on the 14th June and I saw
the sixteen male prisoners there in custody. Three had been committed as insane,
two of whom were fully certified to ; three were under sentence for larceny ;
two for violation of the Canada Temperance Act ; one was under temporary
«harge as a witness ; one was under sentence for drunkenness, and the other for
vagrancy.
" There is a noticeable falling off in the commitments to this gaol for the
lapsed period of the current year when compared with a like period of the pre-
ceding year. Up to the present date there have been eighty-one committed, and
in the previous year the number was one hundred and ten.
" Although there has been no overcrowding of the cells for some years past*
still the accommodation for lunatics or juvenile prisoners is quite unequal to
affording any facilities for classification. There are foiir corriders containing eigh-
teen cells (six of which are double), and those together with tw^o small rooms on
the east of the gaol, which were added about two years ago, comprise the total
accommodation. There is therefore only six divisions in all for both male and
female prisoners.
59
1888.
1889.
154
Ill
30
23
74
47
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1S9C
" The cells on the female side would be o^reatly improved by repainting, and
I am informed by the gaoler that the work could be done if the necessary
materials were furnished. The sheriff will therefore make a requisition of what
is i-equired for the purpose.
" I found the books properly and neatly kept, and the gaol otherwise in good
order."
Instructed by Mr. Nicholson to make the second inspection of this gaol, he-
reported as follows :—
" Acting under your instructions I made an inspection of this gaol on the
30th July. I found the turnkey in charge, the gaoler being absent. The prison-
ers numbered ten — nine men and one woman. The latter and two of the
former were insane. Of the others, two were under sentence for larceny, and the
, remainder were vagrants.
The premises were clean and in good order, and the books properly entered
up.
Port Arthur Gaol.
1887.
1888.
1889.
70
50
52
23
15
12
4
1
Prisoners committed during the year
Greatest nvumher confined at any one time
Number of re-committals . . .
Total cost of maintaining gaol - - $2,710.32 $2,060.90 $2,031.84
A copy of Dr. O'Reilly's report to the Government is annexed : —
'This gaol was inspected by me on the 22nd July, when it contained five
prisoners— four men and one woman.
Two of the men were under sentence to the Central Prison for larceny ; one
was insane ; and one a vagrant who cannot be discharged owing to his state of
health. He is seventy-four years of age. The female prisoner was a vagrant.
Parry Sound Gaol.
1887. 1888. 1889.
Prisoners committed during the year - 11 26 41
Greatest number confined at any one time 4 4 6
Number of re-committals _ - - 2 2 5
Total cost of maintaining gaol - -$287.00 $364.28 $635.78
At my request Mr. Winchester, Inspector of Legal Offices, made an inspec-
tion of the Parry Sound gaol on the 9th November.
He reported that there were four males and one female in charge on that
day. The premises were clean and in good condition, with the exception that the
ventilation was not sufficient. The food supplies were good and furnished accord-
ing to regulations.
The books were properly kept and the regulations and discipline properly
observed.
60
1888.
1889.
109
115
12
15
80
34
1887.
1888.
1889.
56
77
108
24
10
24
25
22
34
Sn Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
Rat Portage Gaol.
1887.
Prisoners committed during the year - 80
Greatest number coi} fined at any one time 6
Number of re-comviittals - - - 31
Total cost of maintaining gaol - - $2,384.41 82,593.29 $2,549.88
Dr. O'Reilly instructed Mr. English to make an inspection of this gaol, who
reported as follows :—
There were four male prisoners in custody. Three were under sentence, one
for larceny ; one shooting with intent to do bodily harm ; and one for keeping a
house of ill-fame; and oue waiting trial for obtaining money under false pretences.
The g-iol was in as good order as cmild be expected considering the quality
of the building. It is a wooden structure on a log foundation with no drain from
it. The logs are beginning to decay, and there is a very disagreeable smell
throughout the place.
There were no complaints from the prisoners. The books were fairly kept
and posted up to date.
SiMcoE Gaol.
Prisoners committed daring the year
Greatest mimber confined at any one time
Number of re-committals - - -
Total cost of maintaining gaol - - $1,016.41 $1,685.85 $1,819.20
Dr. O'Reilly instructed Mr. Nicholson to make the first inspection of this
gaol, who reported as under : —
Acting under your instructions I made an inspection of this gaol on the 30th
August.
There were six prisoners in custody, five males and one female. Two of the
males were insane, two were under sentence for vagrancy, and one was waiting
sentence for housebreaking.
The female was under sentence for prostitution.
The gaol was found to be in satisfactory order and the books were written
up to date.
Dr. O'Reilly inspected this gaol on the 21st November and found it to be in
good condition.
At this visit there were only four men in custody ; no women. One of the
prisoners was a vagrant who had been in gaol for four years ; one was waiting
trial for lai'ceny ; one was imprisoned in default of payment of a fine in a liquor
case ; and one was waiting trial for an indecent assault.
St. Catharines Gaol.
Prisoners committed during the year
Greatest number confined at any one time
Number of re-committals - - -
Total cost of maintaining gaol - - $2,955.86 $3,043.41 $2,887.97
61
887.
1888.
1889.
86
79
99
14
12
13
8
9
6
53 [Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
A copy of the report made to the Government by Dr. O'Reilly upon this gaol
is annexed :—
" I made my first statutory inspection of the St. Catharines gaol for the year
on the 22nd February.
" There were three male and two female prisonei's in custody. One of the
males was held on a charge of obtaining goods under false pretences ; the other two
were vagrants. The two females were under sentence for drunkenness.
" The gaol was in all respects in its usual excellent condition.
" I had occasion on this visit to enquire into the circumstance of an escape
which had taken place on the 24th October last. The gaoler's sworn statement
on the subject is as follows : ' William Rice alias Michael M. Brown was with
two other prisoners taken into the gaol yaid at 8.30 a.m. the 24th day of Octo-
ber. 1888, in charge of myself to split wood. I went to the door leading from the
yard into the kitchen to call the turnkey. As soon as I left, the prisoner seized
the axe and rushed for the gate leading from the side of the wood yard, and with
a blow of the axe he broke the lock and secured his liberty. The time I left to
call the turnkey did not exceed two minutes. I immediately gave the alarm and
all ettbrts were made to capture him.'
" On the following day Rice was recaptured and again committed to the gaoL
On enquiry I ascertained that the lock which had been smashed was an ordinary
large sized padlock, and that the ' Scandinavian ' padlocks, which are enjoined
by the regulations to be used in gaols whenever padlocks are required, had not
been provided. The sheriff was requested to see that in any place connected with
this gaol where padlocks are to be used, the regulation 'Scandinavian' lock, of
not less than two lbs. six oz. in weight, be provided."
Dr. O'Reilly instructed Mr. Nicholson to make the second inspection of this*
gaol. He reported as follows :
Acting under your instructions I visited the St. Catharines goal on the 29th
August, when it contained seven prisoners, — five males and two females.
Four of the males were under sentence, one for causing a disturbance, one
for drunkenness, one for debt, and one for vagrancy. The other was waiting
trial for rape.
The women were both under sentence --one for abusive language and the
other for causing a disturbance.
I found the gaol and premises in good order.
I noticed that, in accordance with your recommendation, a telephone had
been supplied. From the isolated situation of the gaol this will prove a great
advantage and convenience.
Sarnia Gaol.
1887. 1888. 1889,
Prisoners committed during the year - - 231 215 261
Greatest number confined at any one tim^e, 34 32 29
Number of re-committals ----- 14 2 9
Total cost of maintainiiiy gaol - - - $3,318.99 $3,599.58 $3,219.44
Copies of the reports made to the Government upon this gaol by Dr.
O'Reilly are annexed.
An inspection of the Sarnia gaol was made by me on the 10th June. There
were 20 prisoners in custody, namely : 16 males and 4 females.
62
53 Victoria Sessional Papers (No. II). A. 1890
One of the males was under sentence to the Central Prison for cattle steal-
ing, one was waiting trial for rape, one for robbery, and one for larceny. Two-
were lunatics waiting transfer to asylums, and ten were drunks and vagrants.
The four females were all certified or under examination as lunatics. One-
of them is the wife of a well-to-do farmer in Manitoba, and has been confined in
the asylums two or three times before. The husband deliberately brought her
down here when this attack came on and left her in this province to be arrested,,
and, as he hoped, cared for in an Ontario asylum. I propose taking steps to
return this woman to Manitoba if it is possible to do so.
I found the water closets in this gaol in a very foul condition, and instructed
the Sheriff that they must be removed, as while they remained they would be a
constant menace to the health of the prisoners. This is a matter that will not
brook delay, as the worst part of the summer is approaching, and I have to re-
quest that the Sheriff will call the attention of the proper parties to the matter.
Inspection was made of this gaol on 16th November.
The prisoners in custody numbered 23, namely, 20 males and 3 females.
Three of the males were insane, 4 were awaiting trial for larceny, 2 were-
ineorrigibles, and the remainder were drunks and vagrants.
Two of the females were insane and one was a vagrant, the latter 18 years
of age.
The condition of the gaol was very good in all respects.
Stratford Gaol.
1887. 1888. 1889.
Prisoners conimitted during the year - 158 158 150
Greatest number confined at any on*", time, 22 24 19
Number of re-coinriiittals ------ 75 62 55
Total cost of maintaining gaol - - - - .$2,249.01 $2,512.56 $2,540.61
A copy of the report upon this gaol made to the Government by Dr. O'Reilly
is annexed: —
I inspected this gaol on the 28th May.
There were in custody at that date 10 prisoners, 9 males and 1 female.
One of the males was awaiting trial for arson, the balance were drunks and
vagrants.
The female prisoner was said to be insane — a somewhat doubtful ease, not
yet certified by the medical officers. This young woman I found to be
insufficiently clad, and without a change of clothing. The matron should have
seen to this and reported the fact to the sheriff. The prisoner belongs to a
respectable family, and has plenty of clothing at home, only a few miles away,
as I understand. She should either be provided by the gaol with clothing to
make her comfortable, or her friends should be called upon to do so. In any
case she should not be allowed to suffer either from insulficiency, or a want of
chana^e of clothino^.
This goal is a beautiful building, and is found to be an excellent one in every
respect, but I regret to find that there are some details which are not yet in good
shape, and which very considerably mar the efficient working of the institution.
63
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
The water system is defective in a very important particular, namely, the
closets are not properly su{)plied for flushing. This leads to a fouhiess in the
closets, and they ai-e ripe for the development of typhoid at any time. This can
be easily remedied by having the water supply put in pi-oper order. I was told
that l(jcal plumbers have made some attempts to accomplish this and failed If
this is the case it will be the duty of the sheriff to immediately send fcjr outside
experts who are able to manage the matter.
I found, also, that the heating apparatus for the building is not working
satisfactorily. The heating is very unequal, some })arts of the gaol being cold
while others are quite warm. On the day of my visit I found this to be the
case. The flres were on, and while some of the pipes were as warm as need be,
others were entirely cold. This defect must be remedied before the cold weather
of the autumn sets in.
The sherift' will be good enough to see that these matters are attended to
and especially that no delay whatsoever takes place in the adjusting of the water
supply to the needs of the closets. I find that the gaoler has not given sufficient
attention to the cteansing of these water closets, and I instructed him as to how
that was to be managed. But they cannot be kept entirely clean by any process
until a good supply of water is established.
In all other respects I found the gaol to be in excellent condition, and
scrupulously clean.
Dr. O'Reilly instructed Mr. Mann to make the second inspectipn of this
gaol. A copy of his report is appended.
Acting in accordance with instructions received from the Inspector of
Prisons, I made an inspection of Stafford gaol on the 8th of October, 1889, on
which occasion there were ten prisoners in custody, nine males and one female, the
males were committed for the following offences, viz : default of sureties one,
vagrants fi/e. assault one, larceny one, drunk and disorderly one, and the female,
was insane and awating transfer to the London Asylum.
The defects in the water system, regarding the flushing of closets, etc, com-
plained of in the last inspection have been remedied and are reported now all
right. The gaoler states that the heating apparatus is not in good working order,
but that steps are being taken to have it put into efficient shape before the severe
weather comes on.
The gaol was in very good order throughout. The books entered up and
properly kept.
Sandwich Gaol.
Prisoners committed during the year. . . .
{jreatest number confined at any one time,
Number of re-com^mittals
Total cost of maintaining gaol $3,326.14 $3,266.45 $3,021.90
Copies of the reports made to the Government by Dr. O'Reilly on this gaol
are annexed : —
My first inspection of the Sandwich gaol for the current year was made on
the 11th June.
There were on that date 11 prisoners in custody, 7 males and 4 females.
64
1887.
1888.
1889
183
192
202
26
24
29
52
42
37
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
The male prisoners consisted of one waiting trial on a charge of murder,
one sentenced to the Central Prison for robbery, and one sentenced to the
common gaol for six weeks for indecent exposure. The others were of the drunk
and disorderly class.
Two of the females were insane, and one a vagrant, and the other under
sentence to the Andrew Mercer Reformatory for disorderly conduct.
Complaint was made to me that the sanitary condition of the gaol is such
that the gaoler and his family are continuously suffering from illness in conse-
quence thereof. I instructed the sheriff verbally to ask the gaol surgeon to make
a report to me upon the matter.
I found the premises, as usual, in a fair condition of cleanliness and order.
I made an inspection of this gaol on the 15th November.
There were then in custody fifteen men and four women.
Of the former, two were waiting trial for bigamy, one for seduction, five for
larceny, one for assault and the remaining six were drunks and disorderly.
Of the females three were insane, and one the keeper of a house of ill-fame
St. Thomas Gaol.
1887. 1888. 1889.
Prisoners committed during the year. ... 171 148 181
Greatest number confined at any one tinte 24 22 21
Number of re-cor)imittals 96 70 67
Total jiost of maintaining gaol $2,270.39 $2,322.85 $2,121.42
Copies of the reports made by Dr. O'Reilly to the Grovernment are
vannexed': —
The St. Thomas gaol was inspected by me on the 15th June. There were
thirteen prisoners in custody, 12 men and one woman.
Of the former four were charged with burglary, four with assault, one with
manslaughter, one with rape, and one with being drunk and disorderly. The
remaining male prisoner had been committed as insane.
The female prisoner was under three month's sentence to the common gaol
ior larceny.
The gaol was found to be clean and in good order.
An inspection of this gaol was made by me on the 20th November. Three
men only were in custody, one of whom was awaiting trial for assault and
rubbery, one for larceny, and one for neglecting to support his wife.
The gaol was in its usual condition of good order.
Sault Ste. Marie Gaol.
Prisoners comviltted during the year. . . .
Oreatest nwmber confined at any one time
Number of re-coyriTnittals
Total cost of maintaining/ gaol
5 (g.) 65
1887.
1888.
1889.
110
191
127
19
24
m
6
21
11
$1,800.18
$2,387.21
$8,687.83
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
A copy of the report made by Dr. O'Reilly to the Government upon this-
gaol is annexed : —
I inspected the Sault Ste Marie gaol on the 30th July, and found therein
twelve prisoners, eleven males and one female.
The gaol was in excellent order in all respects. Work was in progress on an
addition to the building, which when completed will make it a very satisfactory
institution.
Toronto Gaol.
1887. 1888. 1889.
Prisoners comTnitfed during the year - 3,791 4,128 3,951
Greatest niwiher confined at any one time 222 262 239
Number of re-committals - . . qq2 844 863
Total cost of maintaining gaol - f$20,446.30 $2] ,402.10 $23,655.62
Copies of the reports made by me to the Government upon this gaol are
annexed.
An inspection of the Toronto gaol was made by me on the 12th February.
There were then in custody 217 prisoners, 158 males and 59 females. Many of
them were under sentence for short periods for minor offences, while there were
others who were charged with more serious crimes, but on the whole they pre-
sented about the usual classification of prisoners incarcerated in this gaol.
The prisoners, and the cells they occupied, were in as good condition as
could be looked for in view of the large number now committed, and the internal
alterations which are in progress, and the premises throughout were in as clean
and tidy a condition as could be expected.
In passing through the corridors a strong but respectful complaint was
made by a prisoner, on behalf of himself and others, in regard to the quantity
and quality of the food furnished. On account of this representation the store-
room was visited and the matter at once enquired into. On examination I found
the bread to be very inferior in quality ; indeed the worst in this respect that I
have ever seen supplied in any gaol or public institution in the province. Not
only must the flour with which it was made, have been of a very inferior grade,
but the baking was quite in keeping with the character of the material, the crust
beino- burnt to such an extent, as to render it unfit for use, and the inside of the
loaf was sodden and pasty. Upon weighing six of the loaves they were found to
be each half a pound light, these were taken indiscriminately from the stock on
hand, and represented a fair average of the whole. When it is stated that the
loaves are divided, without being weighed, so as to give to every prisoner his fair
proportion thereof, it can be well understood how justifiable the prisoners were
in making the complaint they did, and what gross indifference is manifested in
receiving and distributing supplies.
In view of these facts, I have called upon the gaol committee to instruct the
Steward to give strict attention to his duties in seeing that the supplies he
receives and distributes are of proper quality and quantity. Seeing that the
gaol dietary is limited in quantity, being no more than sufficient for the physical
support of the prisoners, it is most important that they should receive their
proper allowance, and that no deficiency in quantity or quality be allowed.
I found that a considerable disturbance had arisen among the male prisoners
during the morning, in consequence of a certain number of them refusing to do
66
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
manual labour, although under sentence to that effect. In order, as far as possible
under the circumstances, to provide for the carrying into effect the sentences of
hai'd labour, and also with a view to giving physical exercise to prisoners whose
terms of sentences miglit tempt them to escape, in event of their being employed
at or'iinar}'' labour outside the prison walls, a number were detailed to use hand
barrows filled with earth inside the gaol yard. This they refused to do, and the
gaoler very promptly and properly had them locked in their cells on low diet, for
their disobedience and contumacy. The labour or exercise to which they were
detailed was quite in conformity with the rules laid down for the guidance of
the sheriff and gaoler in regard to such matters, and there is no doubt that thfr
prisoners in custody after a little reflection will see the folly of any attempt at
resistance, and comply with the demands made upon them, and which are so-
necessary for the maintenance of discipline and order.
Fair progress has been made in the structural alterations of the gaol since
the date of my last visit. The gaoler's residence is well advanced towards com-
pletion, and will be ready for occupation in the course of a few weeks. The
building appears to be substantially constructed, and suitable as to location,
accommodation, etc. Considerable progress has also been made in constructing
the new cells in the apartments formerly occupied by the gaoler, and the work
done appears to be in accordance with the plans and specifications submitted.
The construction of brick cells in the basement has also commenced, and if present
progress is continued, they will be ready for occupation in two or three week&
time. It is much to be regretted, however, on account of the very crowded con-
dition of the gaol, that these cells cannot be made use of until the j'ard and wash
house which form part of the plans and specifications agreed to, are constructed.
The impossibility of using these cells, is at once apparent when it is understood,
that the corridor into which they open must be used for laundry purposes, where
a large quantity of clothing and bedding has to be washed from day to day.
Besides this difficulty, which of itself, would prohibit the use of the cells,
the whole internal economy of the gaol in regard to classification, etc., will
be rendered null and void, until the alterations are completed according-
to plan.
It is, therefore, to be hoped that the greatest dilligence will be shewn, in
forwarding to completion all the improvements necessary for the accommodation
of the female portion of the population, in order that the advantage to be derived,
means of classification, etc., may become available at the earliest possible date.
The sheriff has been requested to bring my minutes of inspection to the
notice of the chairman of the committee at once, with a view to having the
prisoners supplied with a good quality of bread, and the steward instructed as to
his responsibility in regard thereto, in seeing that the supplies received and
distributed from day to day, are in all respects satisfactory.
A second inspection of the Toronto gaol was made by me on the 22nd April,
principally with a view to noting the progress made on the improvements which
have been under way for some time.
The work was begun last autumn, and those portions undertaken are rapidly
approaching completion. The gaoler is in occupation of the new dwelling
erected for him, and an examination of the building, externally and internally,
showed neatness, and care in its construction, and a pleasing architectural
design.
Since the removal of the gaoler's family into the new quarters, the work of
re-c<mstructing the apartments formerly occupied by him, and of buildino- the
67
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
cells, has been proceeded with, with commendable despatch, and in strength and
neatness of execution, the whole refitting has been well carried out.
The cells in the basement, thirty-two in number, built of brick, have been
completed and will no doubt prove to be of great service in insui'ing good dis-
cipline and order, besides adding to the number of separate cells for female
prisoners. They can be used for the isolation of obdurate or refractory persons
with good effect, without in any way subjecting them to increased punishment.
The rooms fitted up for lunatics, temporarily confined, and sick prisoners,
have also been finished and fitted with bath-rooms and closets in each, and are
in every respect well adapted for their purpose. They are well lighted and airy,
and so isolated as to insure perfect quiet and freedom from disturbance of any
kind.
Youthful female prisoners, who may be committed for a first offence, have
also been comfortably provided for, and classification, with the strictest isolation,
has been arranged for.
These alterations will increase the capacity of the gaol by 92 cells, in
addition to which are the rooms specified for the insane, the sick, or juvenile
offenders. The rooms for the matrons are adjoining, and while isolated will yet
afford by their nearness to the sick-rooms, etc., ample facilities for supervision ;
and from the central position of these apartments, also all annoyance and incon-
venience will be avoided.
On what is now the female side, there are 72 single, and 20 double cells,
which will be set free for the use of male prisoners, as soon as the quarters now
are being fitted up are ready, and the laundry room finished and yard attached
inclosed. The actual additional number of prisoners that can be provided for,
will be from 90 to 100, and even should that number be exceeded, the ffaol would
not be so overcrowded as it is at present.
On the day of my visit, there were 144 males and 54 females in custody
making a total of 198 prisoners.
Inasmuch as the basement cells cannot be used for female prisoners, until Lhe
outside laundry room is built and inclosed, it is to be hoped that no time will be
lost in completing this part of the work.
When all is completed there can be little doubt that the Toronto gaol — on
the newly improved side at least — will be one of the best appointed in the pro-
vince ; and credit is due to the committee in charge, for the manner in which the
work has been carried on.
I made a third inspection of the Toronto gaol on the 8th August.
There were then 202 prisoners in custody, namely 128 males and 74
females.
Of this number eight males and eleven females were fully certified as
lunatics, and two males and one female had been committed as lunatics, but not
fully certified ; nine males and three females were waiting ; three
males and one female were confined as debtors, ten males and two
females were on remand charged with indictable offences, and two males
were on remand charged with being drunk. Thirteen males and five females
were under sentence for indictable offences, and the remaining 81 males and 51
females were under sentence for minor offences, such as drunk and disorderly,
trespass, vagrancy, common assault, selling liquor without a license, keepers,
inmates and frequenters of disorderly houses, etc.
68
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A 1^90
I was glad to find some decrease in the number of commitments for the
current year as compared with the corresponding period of last year, the records
showing that 3,290 have been received during this year up to date, as against
3,420 last year, being a decrease of 130.
I found the gaol premises in very much the same condition as tliey were at
the time of my last visit. The cells, both brick and iron,Jiave been completed,
and the work is highly creditable. They remain unoccupied, however, for the
present on account of work yet to be done in providing a laundry room in the
yard to be enclosed for females, the structural arrangement of the new addition
not admitting of the occupation of a portion of it until the whole of the altera-
tions and improvements are completed. But I was glad to find that excavation
for the new wash-room wall, and also the wall of the yard, had been commenced
on the morning of ray visit ; and as the work is not very extensive it is to be
hoped that it will be proceeded with as rapidly as possible.
The work of constructing sick rooms and accommodation for lunatics tem-
porarily confined has been neatly and satisfactorily completed, and no better
provision can be made for these classes of prisoners on the female side.
The gaol and its surroundings were in good order, so far as the care of the
gaoler and his assistants^ could make them so ; and there was every indication of
the strictest attention to duty on the part of the staff.
Walkerton Gaol.
1887. 1888. 18^'9.
Prisoners committed during the year - - 79 101 104
Greatest number confined at any one time- 24 24 12
Nu7nher of re-committals - ---10 3 11
Total cost of maintaining gaol - - - - $2,019.76 $2,122.73 $2,062.10
A copy of the report made by Dr. O'Reilly to the Government upon this
gaol is annexed : —
I made an inspection of the Walkerton gaol on the 17th August. •
There were on that date four men and one woman in custody. One of the
males was waiting trial for assault, one for larceny, one was under sentence for
drunkenness, and one was insane. The female prisoner was a deaf mute, said to
be insane, but as the question was in doubt she had not yet been certified.
All the stoves in this gaol are not well protected either from danger to the
building or to the prisoners. I think it would be very desirable for the county
authorities to take into consideration the heating of the whole building by hot
water or a hot air furnace. A great saving in expense would no doubt be
effected, besides lessening the danger by fire to the building, and the prisoners,
especially the insane, who may be in custody.
The absence of a telephone in this gaol is conspicuous. There is a telephone
in the court-house close by, which the gaoler is at liberty to use ; but the fact of
its being in the court-house renders it inaccessible to him at just those times
when it might be most useful to him.
The second inspection was made by Mr. Mann, who reported to Dr. O'Reilly
as follows : —
Instructions were given me by you to make an inspection of the Walkerton
gaol, which I did on the 9th October.
69
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
L887.
1888: ■
1889.
570
448
397
45
55
80
172
158
146
Thei-e were 11 prisoners in gaol — 7 males and 4 females. Of the males one
was waiting trial for forgery ; one, an Indian, charged with having liquor in his
possession, three sentenced for larceny, one for sheep stealing, one for non-pay-
ment of fine. The four females were all committed as insane.
This gaol is in very good order and repair, the present system of heating
with stoves is not satisfactory, and some other plan, should be adopted as soon as
possible.
The books were in proper shape.
Woodstock Gaol.
Prisoners coniTnitted during the year
Greatest number confined at any one time
Number of re-coramittals - - -
Total cost of maintaining gaol - - $3,683.69 $3,849.99 $4,598.4.3
Copies of the reports made by Dr. O'Reilly to the Government upon this gaol
is annexed : —
I inspected this gaol on the 19th August, when the prisoners numbered 18 —
13 males and 5 females.
One of the males was under sentence for larceny to six months in the
Central Prison, one for assault to three months in the common gaol, one was
awaiting trial for assault, four for drunkenness, and six were vagrants.
Three of the females were vagrants, two of whom were under sentence to
the Mercer Reformatory, one was insane, and one was awaiting trial for murder.
The gaol and premises were in good order.
On my inspection of this gaol on the 16th November, there were 19 prisoners
in confinement, namely, 16 men and 3 women.
Of the former one was waiting trial for larceny, two were insane, four were
of the drunk and disorderly class, and nine were vagrants.
One of the women was under an indefinite sentence for child murder, and
the other two were vagrants.
I found the gaol in its usual condition of good order in all respects.
Welland,Gaol.
1887. 1888. 1889.
Prisoners committed during the year - 235 172 182
Greatest number confined at any one time 48 45 46
Number of re-committals - - - 84 67 53
Total cost of maintaining gaol - - $3,058.00 $3,616.00 $3,334.00
A copy of the report made to the Government by Dr. O'Reilly upon this
gaol is annexed : —
" I made my first inspection of the Welland gaol on the 20th February,
when there were 39 male prisoners and 1 female in custody. One of
the males was held for contempt of court, one was under sentence for two
months for assault, and the remainder were vagrants and drunkards. The
female prisoner was on remand charged with perjury.
70
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 18fc0
" The earth closets in this gaol are in bad shape, and need thorough overhaul-
ing and better attention than they appear to have been receiving.
" One cell-door was found to be broken, and a not very satisfactory excuse
was given for neglecting to have it repaired. Inasmuch as there are forty cells
in this gaol and thirty-nine of them were occupied, there was only one cell
vacant and that was the one with the broken door.
" When a gaol is entirely full and manj'' of the prisoners are of the vagrant
•class, it is sometimes difficult to keep the premises clean and in good condition.
I did not find this gaol in a very clean state, though no doubt there are idle
prisoners enough in custody who if made to work a little would keep it in better
shape."
Dr. O'Reilly authorized Mr. Nicholson to make the second inspection of this
gaol. He reported as under : —
As instructed by you I visited the Welland gaol on the 30th August. There
were only three male prisoners in custody on that date, all of whom were
committed for minor offences.
The air in the corridors was close and offensive showing a lack of proper
ventilation.
The water closets in the yards should be connected with the town water-
works, so that they may be thoroughly flushed from time to time,
The new residences in course of erection for the gaoler and turnkey are
•expected to be ready for occupation in November next.
Whitby Gaol.
1887. 1888. 1889.
Prisoners coniTnitted during the year - 67 96 87
Greatest number confined at any one ti/me 14 18 13
Number of re-comm.ittals _ _ _ 22 28 23
Total cost of maintaining gaol - - .S2,377.54 $2,406.20 $2,222.33
Copies of the reports made by me to the Government upon this gaol are
annexed : —
I made an inspection of the Whitby gaol on the 14th August and saw all
the prisoners then in custody — 8 males and 2 females.
Three of the males were committed for house-breaking, 1 for assault, 1 for
violation of the Temperance Act, 2 for larceny, and 1 as an idiot.
One of the females was committed as a vagrant, and one as a lunatic.
I found the gaol in very good order, and the books properly entered up
The gaol yards were not so trimly kept as they might be ; but their condition
was to some extent accounted for by the traffic going on from time to time as
the result of employing the prisoners at stone-breaking.
I made a second inspection of this gaol on the 12th October, and saw the
six prisoners who were in custody on that date, four males and two females. One
cf the latter had been fully committed and duly certified as insane. The other
who was under twelve years was under sentence to the Mercer Reformatory.
One of the males was committed charged with violation of the liquor law. One
was serving a short sentence for larceny. One was avv^aiting trial charged with
a like offence, and the fourth was committed as a vagrant.
I found the premises in good order and the books properly kept.
71
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
Gore Bay Lock-up.
A copy of the report made by Dr. O'Reilly to the Government upon this
lock-up is annexed : —
This lock-up was inspected by me on the 19th July. There were no prisoners
in custody on that day, and had not been any since the 1st of July, 1888.
The lock-up was scrupulously clean and in good order.
Little Current Lock-up.
A copy of the report made by Dr. O'Reilly to the Government upon this
lock-up is annexed • —
I inspected this lock-up on the 19th July. It contained only one prisoner, a
feeble minded woman who had been there for a considerable length of time.
She was committed as a vagrant because she had no other place to go to.
The lock-up was in excellent condition of cleanliness and order.
Manitowaning Lock-up.
A copy of the report made by Dr. O'Reilly to the Government upon this
lock-up is annexed : —
I inspected this lock-up on the 19th July. There were no prisoners in
custody.
As I have frequently reported before a new fence is very much needed
around this lock-up so that the keepers may have the use of the grounds for
garden purposes.
Instructions were given to the keeper to have a well bored on the premises
for the use of his family and the institution generally. Heretofore it has been
necessary to carry water from a considerable distance, which is very inconvenient
and a great hardship for those in charge of the prison. This defect will now be
remedied.
Mattawa Lock-up.
I instructed Mr. Nicholson to inspect this lock-up. A copy of his report is
annexed : —
As instructed by you I made an inspection of the Mattawa lock-up on the
25th July, when it was empty of prisoners. The date of the last commitment
was the 8th .June.
No provision is made at the lock-up for cooking food for prisoners and the
keeper is obliged to have their meals prepared at his house, which is some
distance away. Everything was found to be in good order.
The building requires to be newly painted.
Sudbury Lock-up.
A copy of a report made by me to the Goverement upon this lock-up is
annexed : —
I made an inspection of the Sudbury lock-up on the 11th April. At the
time of my visit there were no prisoners in custody.
V2
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
The prisoner's apartments and cells were found to be kept in as good order
as could be expected with the limited room at the disposal of the keeper. Special
attention was given, however, to the necessity for increased accommodation, both
with a view to the accommodation and safe keeping of prisoners, together with the
necessity in this regard for reasonable provision for the keeper.
As many as thirteen prisoners have been incarcerated at one time, and con-
sequently the accommodation had been quite insufficient for them. The keeper, in
of,ier to perform his duties and look after the prisoners in his charge, had to use
''jne apartment which was intended for a day room for the prisoners. In view of
this condition provision was made for the enlargement of the premises, the Pro-
vincial architect has prepared plans, which will be submitted to the Hon. the
Minister of Public Works for approval, with representations shewing the necessity
for the improvements being made as soon as possible.
No water has been supplied on the premises, and the urgent necessity for
this is obvious, the keeper was therefore instructed to commence sinking a well
with a view of obtaining it at a moderate cost, he was also instructed that a state-
ment of the cost thereof should be furnished this office before beginning opera-
tions.
HuNTSviLLE Lock-up.
A copy of the report made to the Government by me upon this Lock-up is
annexed : —
I made an inspection of this Lock-up on the 12th April.
I found that one prisoner had been incarcerated since last December. The
corridors and cells were consequently vacant.
Spring cleaning was in progress at the time, and when completed the
premises will be in good condition internally. Some minor repairs, such as fenc-
ing etc., are required. And these improvements were discussed with the Provin-
cial Architect with the view of having the building and premises completed as
soon as possible.
Fort William Lock-up.
A copy of the report made by Dr. O'Reilly to the Government upon this
lock-up is annexed :
I inspected the Fort William lock-up on the 24th July.
There were five prisoners in custody on that day, four males and one female.
Four of the prisoners were waiting trial, two for a breach of the liquor law one
for larceny and one for an offence against an Indian woman.
The water supply is of very bad quality and quite unfit for use. The
premises were clean and tidy and satisfactory in ever}^ respect.
Bruce Mines Lock-up.
A copy of the report made by Dr. O'Reilly to the Government upon this
lock-up is annexed : —
I visited Bruce Mines on the 20th July for the purpose of inspecting the
lock-up which is inconveniently situated outside the village in an isolated position.
The keeper of the lock-up was not at hand, being engaged at farm work
some distance away, and I had not time to have him brought from his work dur-
ing the stay of the boat at the dock.
However there were no prisoners in custody, and had not been since the
erection of the lock-up. Outside everything seemed quite satisfactory.
73
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
KiLLARNEY LOCK-UP.
A copy of the report made to the Government by Dr. O'Rielly upon this
lock-up is annexed : —
" While on my annual inspection to this lock-up arrangements were made
for having a new fence constructed. There were no prisoners in custody on this
date, I9th July. The lock-up was clean and in good order."
Burk's Falls Lock-up.
A copy of the report made to the Government by me upon this lock- up is
annexed : —
"I made an inspection of the Burk's Falls lock-up on the 12th iVpril, and
found one prisoner in custody.
" The new premises internally were found to be in good order and well kept-
Certain improvements, however, are required to put the grounds in proper condi-
tion, and the cleaning and fencing of the lot in this regard is a necessity. The
latter cannot be satisfactorily completed until the south-west angle of the lot is
filled up sufficiently to protect the building. Instructions were therefore given
to have the filling done as soon as possible in order that the erection of the fence
could be gone on with by the Public Works Department.
" The keeper was also instructed to send in an estimate of the cost of sinking
a well as there is no supply of water on the premises, and it has to be brought
from a distance at much inconvenience.
" As there is a probability of succeeding in getting good water at a reason-
able outlay a recommendation will be made to the Public Works Department
advising the outlay."
North Bay Lock-up.
A copy of a report made by me to the Government upon this lock-up is
annexed : —
" I made an inspection of the North Bay lock-up on the 11th April. There
was one prisoner in custody on the afternoon of my visit charged with a
violation of the Scott Act.
" The premises were found to be in good order, and but little required to
complete the ne^v structure and surroundings, except fencing and clearing the
grounds, arrangements for which were discussed with the Provincial Architect
under provision of the appropriation made for the purpose.
" General directions were given to the keeper in regard to the duties of his
position.
" The building throughout and the Court-house attached, which are new and
just completed, will no doubt prove to be satisfactory and sufficiently commodious
in all respects.
" No good water has been found on the premises, and representation will be
made to the Public Works Department with the view of making an effort to get
it by sinking a drive well on the property as others in the village have succeeded
in getting an abundant quantity of water. In this way it is to be hoped that
in this case the result will prove equally satisfactory."
74
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
CENTRAL PRISON.
In my notes of inspection, together with the Warden's report and tables,
following will be found detailed statements of the routine operations of the
prison during the past year.
No extraordinary occurrence has taken place in the working of the institution
during the year under report, and unless the rearrangements rendered necessary
by the abandonment of the contract system, and the substitution of the piece-
price plan for the disposing of the products of the prison labor, no material
change has been found necessary. In one branch only, that carried on in
the north shop, namely, the wood-working industry, has any displacement
occurred in consequence of the changes being effected. In this department a loss
of revenue has resulted on account of the time consumed in arranging the transfer,
but the labor which would have been employed in industrial work in this shop,
although discontinued there, has been largely utilized in permanent improve-
ments or work adding to the value of the premises.
It will be noted that the surgeon is able to report most satisfactorily on the
good health of the prison population during the year, and this is no doubt
evidence of the good sanitary condition of the premises generally, and also of the
care and good judgment which has characterized the management.
The usual statistical tables of the movements of the prison population, and
of the results of the industrial operations during the year are given : —
The first table shews the discharges, committals, etc., during the past three
years : —
1887. 1888. 1889.
In custody at commencement of year (1st October). 287 316 346
Committed during the year 862 699 739
Recaptured 3 13
Total number in custody during year , . 1,152 1,016 1,088
Discharged on expiration of sentence 780 644 705
" " payment of fine 43 6 7
" by remission of sentence 10 4 9
Retransferred to common gaol as unfit for labour. . . 1 7 3
Died in the Prison Hospital 1 1
Transferred to a lunatic asylum , 2 2
Escaped 1 2 7
Convictions quashed 1 4 2
Total discharges, deaths, etc 836 070 736
Remaining in custody at close of year (30th Sept.).. 316 346 352
75
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
In the foregoing summary it is shown that only three prisoners had to be
returned to the common gaols on account of their unfitness for prison labour^
while in the previous year there were seven of the same class. This is an
improvement in this respect ; it is, however, to be regretted that there was an
increase in the number of escapes.
The number of deaths was one, together with the one that occurred in 1888,
makes a total of deaths since 1884 of two, which result speaks highly of the
healthiness of the Central Prison.
The summary which follows shows the number of prisoners sentenced di}-ect
to the prison, and the number transferred from the common gaols during 1887^
1888, and 1889.
1887. 1888. 1889.
Sentenced direct 459 480 510
Transferred from gaols 403 219 229
862 699 739
The next table shews the periods of sentence passed upon the prisoners
received into the prison since its opening : —
76
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A, 1890
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77
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
The tables appended contain statistics relating to the total number ot*
prisoners committed to the prison, as well as to those sentenced during the
year.
Nationalities.
Canadian
Irish
English
United States
Scotch
Other countries and unknown.
Religious Denominations.
Church of England
Roman Catholic
Presbyterian
Methodist
Other denominations, etc,
Civil Condition.
Educational Status.
Committed Total
during
commit-
the year.
ments.
388
4,974
101
1,684
111
1,776
88
1,151
36
518
20
315
739
10,418
242
3,779
263
3,642
87
1,]39
100
1,294
47
564
739 10,41<S
Married
198
541
3,177
Single . • •
7,241
Social Habits.
739
10,4m
Tem Derate . . .
100
639
2,144
Intemperate
8,274
739 10,418
Could read and write 509 7,863
Could read only 39 973
Could neither read nor write 191 1,582
739 10,418
The prisoners received during the year who were reported to be of temperate
habits represented 13.53 per cent, of the commitments ; in 1888, the percentage
was 16.02, and in 1887, 23.66.
The totally uneducated men represent 25.84 per cent, of the commitments of
the year, as compared with 15.02 per cent, in 1888.
78
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 1890
Maintenance Expenditure.
For the year ending 30th September, 1889, compared with preceding year.
Service.
BER, 1888.
Total ex-
penditure.
I § 0.
I
Medicine and medical comtorts I 466 77
Butchers' meat, fish, etc 7108 32
Flour, bread and meal i 4542 35
Butter, etc, 438 29
Groceries 2698 95
Fruit and vegetables 2287 63
Bedding, clothing and shoes 5477 08
Fuel 4386 00
Gas, oil, etc 1316 72
Laundry, soap and cleaning 1834 53
Furniture and furnishings 1004 19
Farm, garden, feed and fodder 2927 50
Repairs and alterations I 2370 18
Printing, postage, stationery, etc I 776 03
Water supply ! 1998 82
Library, schools and religious instruction I 740 73
56
Miscellaneous
Salaries and wages.
Totals 64857 52 l«3 55
Weekly
cost per
head.
Yearly
cost per
head.
c. m.
$ c.
2 5
1 33
39 0
20 25
24 8
12 92
2 4
1 25 1
14 7
7 68
12 5
6 52
30 0
15 60
24 0
12 48
7 2
3 74
10 0
5 22
5 5
2 88
16 0
8 33
12 9
6 71
4 2
10 9
4 0
13 6
2493
21989 87 ! SI 20 3
2 21
5 68
2 10
7 10
62 58
184 58
\eau Lnmhn'g 30th
BEK, 1889.
Septem-
Total ex-
penditure.
Weekly
cost per
head.
Yearly
cost per
head.
S c.
c. m.
$ c.
532 47
2 7
1 43
7438 75
38 2
19 99
5904 60
30 4
15 97
433 96
2 2
1 17
2783 97
14 3
7 48
1955 47
10 0
5 25
5820 00
29 3
15 64
6937 63
35 7
18 57
1225 12
6 3
3 28
1917 25
10 0
5 15
911 37
4 6
2 44
2299 04
12 0
6 15
1781 71
9 1
4 77
850 50
4 3
2 27
780 50
4 0
2 09
2698 84
14 0
7 25
21620 38
$1 11 3
58 12
65871 83
S3 40
177 07
Average number of prisoners in 1888 350
Average number of prisoners in 1889 372
79
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
Manufacturing Operations.
A statement of the amount expended in carrying on the manufacturing
operations of the prison is annexed : —
1888. 1889.
Carpenter and cabinet shop $ 157 54 $ 348 22
Tailoringshop 6,467 90 5,113 51
Shoe shop 3,233 03 2,836 82
Blacksmith's shop 232 60 236 69
Broom shop 308 37 434 59
Wooden ware department 117 48 121 73
Brickyard.. 16,828 28 13,713 50
Stationery, advertising and printing .... 11 00 7 75
Miscellaneous ' 739 09 585 60
Salaries and wages 6.909 73 7,110 93
1888.
1889.
$10,178 38
$10,383 70
9,157 23
3,967 22
883 80
227 00
5,797 15
5,501 92
2,931 15
2,412 85
122 42
212 64
42 80
128 50
1,024 00
996 90
$30,136 43
$23,830 73
Manufacturing expenditure $35,005 02 $30 509 34
Maintenance expenditure 64,857 52 65,871 83
Total expenses $99,862 54 $96,381 17
The revenue of the various industries is shewn in the following summary
188
Broom shop, hire of prisoners $10,178
Woodenware shop, hire of prisoners . .
Brickyard sales
Tailoring shop, sales
Shoe " "
Carpenter shop, sales
Blacksmith's " .
Miscellaneous
N
The table annexed shews how the prisoners were employed, and the number
of 'day's work which was performed by them at the different industries : —
1888. 1889.
In the broom shop for contractors 26,450 24,490 days.
" woodenware shop for contractors 26,409 21,057 "
Total contract work 52,859 45,547 "
In the brickyard .' 15,223 25,086 "
" tailoring shop 4,849 4,122 "
" shoeshop 2,4.39 1,997 ^'^
" carpenter's shop 1,501 3,103
" tinsmith and engineer's shop> 772 829 "
" blacksmith's shop 966 1,108 "
In permanent improvements and work on the gar-
dens and grounds of Prison and Reformatory. 5,971 8,158
Number of days of productive labor, 84,580 89,950 "
" " domestic work ; 14,491 14,626 ''
Total number of days worked 99,071 104,576
80
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 1890
The proportion which the number of days of productive labor bears to the
total stay of the prisoners during the two years will be seen in the following
summary : —
1889.
Total stayof prisoners 135,933 days.
Number of days productive labor 89,950 "
Proportion 66.17 percent.
1888.
Total stay of prisoners 127,915 days.
Number of days productive labor 84,580 "
Proportion 66.12 percent.
Transfer of Prisoners.
A statement shewing the cost of removing prisoners from the County Gaol
to the Central Prison is appended : —
When Transferred.
Number
Transferred.
Prisoners
fare to the
Prison.
Travelling
Expenses
and
Salary
of
Bailiff.
Cab hire and
food for
Prisoners.
Total.
October 1888
65
73
80
15
53
61
40
65
82
71
57
67
$ c.
100 05
209 00
191 15
60 70
85 00
208 75
143 45
130 10
169 95
216 90
153 20
139 45
$ c.
165 95
213 00
197 20
159 65
147 70
191 45
215 40
188 70
194 15
211 85
269 10
192 25
$ c.
53 00
56 50
63 85
15 50
18 00
37 25
31 25
36 40
35 25
48 25
29 00
35 25
$ c.
319 00
478 50
452 20
235 85
250 70
437 45
390 10
355 20
399 35
477 00
451 30
366 95
January 1869
March "
May "
June "
July "
Totals
Average expense incurred per
729
1807 70
2 48
2346 40
3 23
459 50
63
4613 60
6 32
Preceding year
682
2 29
3 40
70
6 39
6 (G.)
81
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 1890
Discharged Prisoners.
The following summary shews the amount paid for returning discharged
prisoners, their numbers and destination, during the year : —
WHERE SENT.
Number
of prisoners.
Amount paid.
1
1
11
15
2
15
11
11
2
1
3
1
12
i
1
1
3
1
1
2
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
2
2
52
11
54
4
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
2
31
3
1
5
4
1
2
4
1
4
1
9
6
16
8
6 75
6 85
Belleville
43 15
75 05
Buffalo
6 55
29 30
22 20
22 00
1 20
2 15
12 00
5 75
62 25
3 70
2 85
5 00
9 15
3 05
3 75
3 30
6 00
7 75
Dublin )
3 25
4 05
10 90
4 20
Fort Erie
3 35
7 40
3 00
62 40
43 60
188 80
Lindsay
9 00
6 65
70
1 25
Midland
3 35
9 10
13 70
3 20
3 35
5 30
201 20
10 95
1 10
12 00
19 85
5 20
Port Elgin
9 20
54 00
6 45
31 20
4 65
32 70
50 00
Sault Ste. Mane
66 25
93 55
82
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A 1890
DiRCHARGED PRISONERS. — Continued.
WHERE SENT.
NuHiber
of prisoners.
Amount paid.
St. Catharines .
9
6
3
4
1
2
1
1
1
1
19
11
14
2
1
4
1
19 70
Sandwich
30 75
Stratford
8 75
Susp. Bridge
10 90
Streetsville , . . , ,
65
Southampton
9 40
Tweed
4 25
Tilbury
6 10
Tara
4 15
Uxbridge
1 40
98 75
28 60
Welland
36 40
W^iarton
9 50
50
Whitby
4 00
W^aterford
4 15
Total ...
419
-11602 55
Inspections,
Appended will be found copies of the minutes made by me of two inspec-
of the Central Prison.
I made an inspection of the Central Prison on the 28th and 29th of March ;
and on the second day of my visit there were in custody 398 prisoners, distributed
as follows : —
In Broom shop 90
" North shop 90
" Brick yard 69
" Under improvements 18
" Garden and grounds 13
'• Tailor shop 16
" Shoe shop 77
" Mechanics 7
" Domestics 53
" Mercer Reformatory 5
•' Sick room , 13 .
" Under punishment 9
" New arrivals 8
Total 398
The last named "new arrivals" were not allotted to positions, in consequence
of their recent admission.
The health of the Institution for some time past has been good, and no cause
of anxiety in this regard has been felt on account of the sanitary condition of
the prison.
The hospital sick room was visited, and one case only appears to be of a
serious nature.
83
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
Several minor changes in regard to clothing of the prisoners which has been
under test, proves to be an improvement during the winter weather especially, and
the change has promoted the comfort and contentment of the prison population.
The general discipline of the Institution was found to be in a favorable and
satisfactory state, and the routine of the prison operations has remained undis-
turbed, as a result of the quiet and orderly conduct of the prisoners generally.
During the past six months the prison labor has been well employed, and a
satisfactory shewing has followed, both from a diciplinary and industrial point of
view ; it is evident, however, that to maintain the present efficiency in this regard,
that indoor employment which would nut be hampered by changes and severity
of the weather will become a necessity. In arranging for the contemplated
change in this respect, much consideration has been given to the description
of labor, at which prisoners can be employed, with a view to the selection of such
work as will be especially suitable, and provide employment for prisoners who are
serving under short terms of sentence.
In accordance with the resolution to discontinue the contract system for
prison labor, the present is a favorable opportunity for rearranging the whole
industrial work of the Institution, and the adoption of the piece price system, in
manufacturing wares and goods.this has been selected as better than any other
plan, inasmuch as it meets the requirements under the new regulations. Although
no contract has existed in the Institution which permitted the contractor in
any way to interfere with the discipline or due surveillence of the prisoners ;
yet the system recommended will have the effect of placing the labor, directly
under the control of the prison authorities, and in so arranging the labor of each
prisoner that a fixed amount shall constitute a day's work, and that a certain
limit can be imposed upon the worker with great benefit to the prisoner, as well
as to the prison from a financial point of view.
The industries to be carried on will be principally the manufacturing of
articles in broom shop, brick yard, and other articles required for use in the public
institutions. The first named industry has been carried on for a considerable
length of time, and proves satisfactory in its working. The second, is well
adapted for a class of labor, that cannot otherwise be employed to advantage, and
it is so to such an extent as to render it an imperative necessity.
Other matters of lesser magnitude will furnish employment for another and
younger class of prisoners, who require instruction in mechanical work which will
be a benefit to them; and whether in wood or metal work, learn them to be handy,
and show them the way of earning such remuneration as to provide for themselves
an honest living. With those considerations in view, certain improvements have
been authorized. By excavating the basement of the south shop another new flat
can be added to the building, which will largely provide for some of the new
industries, and afford as well increased storage room, which will be required
under the changes proposed.
Plans for these structural alterations have been made, and the work now
commenced will prove to be a double benefit, by furnishing employment during
the slack time of the year, as well as adding to the permanent value of the Institu-
tion buildings.
Minor considerations and details in regard to the advisibility of certain parts
of the work to be engaged in, will necessarily involve further deliberation. But,
with present information in regard thereto, the making of iron bedsteads, and the
undertaking of some branches of cloth manufacture, such as is used in gaols, etc.,
is likely to be commenced, and in course of a short time all such matters will be
adjusted.
84
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
I found the supply of books in the libraiy greatly reduced by constant
wear, and as an appropriation has been made, the selection of a fresh supply will
be proceeded with at once.
There were few complaints made to me, the last one of insufficiency and
quality of food, was made by one of the men, who, upon being put upon the scale,
was found to have gained seven pounds since he was received into the prison.
Since the date of my last reported inspection, I have had occasion to make
several visits to this Institution, with a view to determining and arranging in
regard to general routine operations, but more especially in carrying out specific
plans in connection with the industries.
On my last inspection, on the 1st November, the distribution and employment
of prisoners then in custody was as follows : —
Broom shop 74-
North shop 73
Brick yard , 73
Carpenters 11
Machinists and Blacksmiths 7
Garden and grounds 13
Tailor shop.l 13
Shoe shop 5
Permanent improvements 37
At Female Reformatory 5
Kitchen 15
Domestic work 34
In Hospital 4
Sick in cells and unfit for work 7
Under punishment 1
Total 372
The health of the prisoners has been generally good during the summer
months, and there has only been about the usual number in the sick room. Con-
sidering the dissolute lives which the majority of them have led, it is a matter of
surprise that the number requiring hospital treatment is not much larger.
The conduct of the prisoners since the date of my last inspection has on the
whole been good, and the several departments of industrial work have been suc-
cessfully carried on. The labor in the brick yard has been very satisfactory, and
although the output may not be quite equal to that of last year, the quality of
the article made is very superior, and the return for the labor employed will be
fairly remunerative. The work in the broom shop has also been properly attended
to, atibrding steady employment to the men engaged, and the product has also been
remunerative.
In the north shop, where the wood-working industry is carried on, the usual
amount of labor has not been employed, owing to the recent state of transition,
in regard to this industry; consequently the output and returns will not be up to the
usual average. The organization of this department, however, is well nigh com-
pleted, and under the new "piece price " plan it is expected that very satisfactory
results will be attained, both in regard to the interests of the men employed, and
the returns realized from their labor.
53 Victoria. Sessional P:ipers (No. 11). A. 1890
The erection of an addition to the south shop (136 feet x 50 feet) which has
been in progress for seme time past is now approaching completion, and will prove
to be a great improvement by affording room for carrying on industries of various
kinds, with such labor as is most available both from a disciplinary point of view
and the necsssity for distributing as much as possible the work in the prison. It
is contemplated to establish an iron working department in the new extension,
for the manufacture of iron bedsteads, for gaol, prison and institution use ; also
a woolen department, for the manufacture of woolen goods required for
prisoner's wear.
Sufficient excavation has been made under the old section of the building to
affi^rd room for the storage of a great many articles used in carrying on the
industrial operation of the Institution ; a drying room is also provided. Provi-
sion is also made for sheltering the men in stormy or wet weather, who are
usually employed at out-door labor.
The upper flat of the building which was formerly used for the storage of
brooms, etc., can now be used, as stated, for the woolen work to be carried on ;
and the same flat in the new extension will be used for the storage of brooms,
making the accommodation in this respect much more convenient for the purpose.
In the centre of the building the engine and boilei\s for the motor power will
be placed in (as nearly as it can be made) a tire proof compartment.
Should the weather continue favorable, the structure which has been
built with prison labor will be completed in a month's time, and in point
of strength, solidity and completeness for its purpose, it can scarcely be
surpassed. In any divisions that have been made, due regard has been had to
the proper surveilience of the prisoners employed. The enlargement and exten-
sion of the premises will, no doubt, in a great measure increase the discipline and
order of the Institution, from the fact that the labor in the various branches will
be more centralized, and the prisoners consequently more under the supervision
of the foreman and gfuards in charofe.
The other permanent improvements on which prison labor has been employed,
is the erection of a slaughter house, and the making of a road from Strachan
Avenue to the brick kilns, this latter being rendered necessary by the construc-
tion ot a subway at King street, and the hauling of clay from the north side of
that street to the brick yard. And the brick yard proper has been enclosed by a
high fence on the south and west sides, which has proved to be an economy
in the oversi-ght of the prisoners employed there, at the same time lessening the
temptation to escape. These extensive improvements are all nearly completed,
and will be of very great advantage in the working of the Institution.
The other industries of minor importance have been successfully carried on
for some time past, and no new features in connection with them worthy of note
have transpired since the date of my last report.
86
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
REPORT OF THE WARDEN.
Central Prison of Ontario,
Toronto, 10th October, 1889.
Robert Christie, Esq.,
Inspector of Prisons and Public Charities.
Sir, — I have the honor to submit herewith the sixteenth annual statistical
report of the Central Prison for the year ending the 30th September, 1889.
The accompanying tables set forth the movements of the population, and
operations of the prison industries. When compared with the previous year
they shew an increase over it ia the number remaining at its close, and received
of 72, and closing with six more in custody than in 1888.
Of the 73G released within the period, one was by death from diarrhoea, fol-
lowing a long sickness from inflammatory rheumatism. This single case, consid-
ering the polluted, diseased and wasted condition in which many are received, is
strong testimony to the heathful surroundings and operations of the prison.
Seven escaped, four from outside working gangs, of whom three were recaptured,
and three from the buildings within the walls. These latter found their way
across to the United States, are located, but not extraditable. They will, like
most of those who have similarly taken leave, find their way back in course of
time. One rather cleverly fastened himself into a railway car and was carried
outside the walls before he was missed. Another, after asking for the position
of groom, and giving his promise not to take advantage of the privileges it afforded,
meanl}^ made his escape by scaling the wall early in the morning. The other
one forced one of the locks in the kitchen about 5 a.m., on the 24th January, and
also scaled the wall. They ai'e all thieves, and the province loses nothing by
their absence, even if they should not return, but it is very undesirable that any
criminal should obtain his liberty by escape, since it encourages attempts by
others, and no effort or reasonable expense should be spared to secure their
capture.
A most daring attempt w^as made by two prisoners to escape from their cells
by cutting the bars of the gate, and so sure were they of succeeding that an
opening was made through the wall to the adjoining cell, occupied by another pair
of desperate rascals. The bricks were loosened, ready to be removed when all
was ready, and concealed by pictures pasted over them. Providentially one
of the bars was more brittle than the other three which had broken off, and
snapped short when pryed with a lever, after being partially cut, and falling to
the floor, gave the rascals away ; doubtless saving the guard from violence if not
death, and perhaps a general delivery, for if they had succeeded in their plans,
which were to get out at midnight, the life of a guard would not have stood
between them and liberty. This circumstance is mentioned, partly to illustrate
one of the serious objections to putting two prisoners in one eell, which cannot
be avoided when four hundred and over have to be put into three hundred and
fifty-four cells, the capacity of the prison. In this connection reference may be
made to the necessity that exists for a block of cells constructed specially for
punishment and solitary confinement. There are every year received in this
87
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 189a
prison a number of men, who, from their vicious and dangerous natures, should
not be employed among the general class of prisoners, because they are detri-
mental to good discipline, and their influence is bad in every respect, counteract-
ing largely any influence for good exerted upon the others. Solitary confine-
ment, picking wool for the new industry, would be beneficial to the class referred
to, and their removal from the working liangs would be a positive benefit from
every point of view, and would materially lessen the number of punishments
necessarily resorted to, as a means to preserve order and obedience to the rules.
The discipline has been well sustained throughout the year. No trouble
approaching anything serious has arisen ; nothing beyond some quarrels among
the prisoners, occasionally leading to acts of violence among themselves. Even of
this there has not been much, when the class of men and youths which go to make
up the prison population is taken into account. The rules forbid any conversa-
tion among them, and were they strictly observed and enforced by the officers,
there could be no occasion for quarrels, but when it is kept in view that there is
always about one-third of the prisoners employed outside the walls, at several of
the industrial pursuits, some of whom cannot at all times be under the close
supervision of the guards, nor within their hearing, and then, if the number of
toughs, whose whole life when out of prison is spent in obeying the dictates of
ungoverned will, is taken into account ; men and youths in whom little but un-
cleanness and immorality is bred by the surroundings of their homes and associates,
it will be apparent that when working in gangs the same spirit which governs
their conduct when free will exert itself against restraint, and be ready on the
slightest pretext to outbursts of assault and violent temper. Men who know little
beyond the misdirected and vicious trend of the worst passions of the race, can-
not be made law and order abiding subjects all at once, no matter how good the
regulations laid down for the government of their conduct, and to many solitary
confinement would be beneficial when other means fail. This leads up to the
need for amendment to the criminal law. Again and again some of the worst
specimens of the class referred to, are sent up under short sentences of from one
to six months. They serve the brief periods, usually at outdoor employment,
then resume their depredations on society, and that with invigorated health, ac-
quired by the regular habits and liberal fare, provided at the expense of the
province, hi return for which they do just as little as it is possible to get off" with
in the shape of labor while in prison, a place which of course becomes to them,
not a terror but a retreat, and while they follow this illigitimate mode of living
they are but pests on society, valueless for any good purpose, whereas if they
were sent up under intermediate sentence and made to learn by a system of grad-
ing and marks and the value of obedience to the higher laws which ought to
prevail in them, and at the same time if were they educated, as means have been
provided for in this prison, and instructed in some one of the several trades
carried on here, there would be some hope, when ultimately liberated on parole,
that they would be permanently reformed. But it is wrong in principle, wrong
to society, and the greatest wrong to the criminal himself, to encourage him in
following an ignorant, misdirected, vicious will, for that is what it means. Im-
prisonment under short sentence to the class above referred to, is not punishment
for the offence they commit. Beyond the protection to society while it lasts, it is
of but little if any advantage, even to the prisoner, being simply a temporary
restraint of his liberty. Detention in prison should be of sufficient duration,
accompanied by conditions having the elements necessary for the removal of the
causes which led to the commission of crime, so as to let a new and better pur-
pose of life be securely founded in the man or youth, and not until there is good
88
63 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
reason to believe that this has been reached should they be liberated. There is
no injustice in this. Liberty carries with it certain responsibilities, and the
subject must respect them or forfeit his liberty.
The criminal may not always be entirely to blame for the circumstances in
which he is found. From his infancy he may have been trained in this direc-
tion, either by the surroundings of his home, if it may be called by that name,
or by neglect, which is equally fruitful in producing criminals. One has but to
look at the crowds of young lads and mere children, nightly to be seen gathered
in large numbers at the street corners, hear their profanity, while they smoke
cigars, cigarettes and chew tobacco, to learn where the criminal recruits are drawn
from. There lies a terrible responsibility upon those "who are guilty of this
neglect of parental care. It is in the home where prison reformers should
begin their work to be successful. Prevent the young from being drawn
into the crime circle by their early removal from impure and dishonest surround-
ings, if such can be shewn to be the sort of environment they are being raised in.
And in this city of Toronto even with the high place it occupies among cities
for its observance of the fourth commandment and its church-going peo])le, there
is room for all who interest themselves in prison reform, for included in that ex-
pression is implied the prevention of crime, to put forth much of their energy.
It has but to be stated, in order to set forth the extent of the field and its de-
mands, that irrespective of the number of boys sent to the Industrial School, the
Penetanguishene Reformatory, and its large quota of convicts to the Kingston
Penitentiary, it supplies about forty per cent, of all the prisoners received in the
Central Prison, and the Andrew Mercer Reformatory for females.
The several industrial pursuits have been diligently carried on. About four
million of brick have been made, or will be by the close of the season, represent-
ing a value of about $24,000. The returns from the broom shop amounts to
$10,383.70. Under the new arrangement it may safely be estimated that the
labor employed thereat will average about fifty cents per day for each prisoner.
A substantial increase from this industry has marked its progress for the past
nine years. In 1877 the daily earnings averaged 17c. ; for the past year it has
been 42c., and for the two months under the new agreement it has been 47 ic.
The woodworking operations in the north shop have not been so satisfactory
as could have been desired, only $3,967.82 having been received on account of
the labor for the year, while it should have been $7,729.94. Under the new
arrangements to begin this month, a better condition of things may be hoped
for, but it is premature to venture even an opinion till tested.
The tailor, shoemaker, carpenter and blacksmith shops have furnished their
usual quota of employment for the prisoners, and the returns from them ao-ore-
gate a total of $8,255.91.
The structural additions and alterations have engaged a number of the
tradesmen prisoners, and the value of the prison property has been very consider-
ably increased thereby. These improvements include : —
(1) The deepening of the lower floor in the south shop, and relaying it with
a cement floor, then dividing the space into two flats, or a ground floor and base-
ment. The cost of material used, including flooring, cement, iron beams and
sheeting, amouted to $2,651.58, irrespective of the prison labor, 499 days worth
say $250. This shop will be occupied with the woolen machinery, which is
beginning to arrive, and the industry may be expected to be in operation by the
beginning of December.
89
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
(2) The erection of a large slaughter house with all the best modern
appliances, costing for material $2,919, upon which to the present time 1,075 days
of skilled prison labor has .been expended, valued at $1,685 ; total, $4,604.
(3) A shop under construction 106 x 50 feet, three floors, for the machinists,
blacksmiths, carpenters and tinsmiths, and engine and boiler rooms. It is
expected to have this building completed about the new year, and shortly after
to have the above-mentioned industries in operation in it, when, irrespective of
the domestic and farm and garden work, there will be twelve distinct industrial
branches of manufacture carried on. The importance of having so many, afford-
ing means of finding profitable employment for all sorts of prisoners, young and
old, skilled and unskilled, even to cranks and imbeciles of whom not a few are
sent here, cannot be over estimated.
Much as has been done during the past six years in enlarging, rebuilding,
and making permanent improvements upon the j^iison premises, and beautifying
the grounds, there are still several additions required. First is the enlargement
of cell space, to obviate the necessity of two prisoners occupying one cell, as in
many cases has to be for about half the year. The uncleanness which doubling
is productive of, is of such a serious character that no such facilities as it affords
should be permitted to exist longer than necesary to make provision, by sufficient
accommodation, to give each prisoner a separate cell Then the cell space for
solitary confinement already referred to, and the erection of a paint shop for the
wood-working industry.
The subject of the better lighting of the premises is worthy of attention.
Very often the supply of gas is far from satisfactory, and keeping the possible
introduction of the incandescent system in view, the new engine to be put in the
new shop will be of sufficient capacity for that purpose, including the lighting of the
Insane Asylum, and the Female Reformatory, when it has been decided to adopt it.
The entire abolition of the employment of prison-^rs under the contract system,
which from the first has been in some measures unsatisfactory, finally terminated
with the fiscal year, and I am now at liberty to say, that whatever the ultimate
outcome of the new industries to be operated, as also that of the woodworking
one under the piece price plan, chey will be very bad if they are not productive
of better results, and prove more satisfactory in every respect than the contract
system as experienced in this prison has been. I look forward hopefully to the
very best results from all the industries to be operated in the south and new
shops, both as to returns for the prison labor, and in their healthful influence
upon the prisoners.
The question is often asked by visitors, whether, or how near the prison
comes to be self-sustaining, prompted to ask it doubtless from the general appear-
ance of the prisoners, and the activity displayed in the several industrial employ-
ments at which they are engaged. To that goal the prison has not yet attained,
and it may not be attainable, but when the returns shew that the products of the
labor amounts to $53,527.00, against an expenditure for maintenance of $65,000.00
and this with prisoner's under an average term of sentence of about six months,
the management may fairly claim, that the shewing is creditable to say the least,
and they can safely promise, that still better results may be looked for ; 568 of
the 739 prisoners received were on sentence of six months and under.
The evening school class, under the teaching of Mr. Boddy, continues to be
not only attractive to the prisoners, but most profitable to them. A reference to
the statistics under the head of Education shews, that of the 739 received within
the year, 191 had received no education, and 39 could only read. In all cases
90
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
where the sentence was of sufficient length, say four months and over, to give
time to make some progress in teaching them, they, as far as the facilities
permitted, had the privilege of attending the classes, and very good results were
reached in many cases. It is worthy on consideration, if instead of the time
devoted to this branch of the prisons reformatory work of two hours on two nights a
week, it could not be increased to four or six nights, and divide the prisoners into
classes according to their status in learning. If neglected in this respect by those
responsible for it when free, and as admitted by all who have studied the subject
of crime, that the want of education is one of the greatest factors in producing
criminals, and after an experience of nine years I am warranted in endorsing it,
then may it not be considered an obligation of the Province to its wards, to
remedy this to the fullest extent within its power, and make it compulsory on
prisoners while in custody here to attend school. Under the indeterminate
sentence, proficiency in education becomes an obligation for the attainment of
liberty.
A recognition of the valuable services rendered to the prisoners, by the
ministers of the city, is due ; who without remuneration, come at all seasons and
in all weather, to preach the word to them. That their labor is appreciated and
productive of much good, is attested by the respectful and close attention given
to their ministrations. It may safely be said, that many of the city congregations
might very profitably learn a lesson from the respectful decorum and deportment
to be seen every Sabbath afternoon and morning in the prison chapel ; and this is
not infreq-uently alluded to by ministers who recognize it as an encouraging
reward for their efforts. Then the same recognition of the services and self denial
is due to Mr. H. Cassels, and his staff of Sunday school teachers, who, without a
break scarcely from the beginning to the end of the year, are with their classes
prompt at 9 o'clock every Sunday. It is in many cases exceedingl}^ interesting,
to read the letters of pi-isoners to their friends, when referring to the new-found
source of pleasure, in the study of the Scriptures in the classes, and granting that
they are not all sincere, that good influences and permanent reformation result
from this source is undeniable, and many instances can be advanced to sustain
this. When a pi'isoner, stained with crime, is seated face to face with a teacher,
who is inspired with the truth of the message he brings, and hears that message
pointedly delivered to himself, he is much more likely to give heed to it than if
spoken to the whole body collectively, it is spoken to him personally, hence the
arrangement of having a Sunday school conducted on the same principle, as in
connection with the city churches, followed by an afternoon service, is admirable,
and the good done through it cannot be estimated. I again acknowledge the
value of this branch of the Prisoners' Aid Association work, under whose
auspices it is carried on.
The subject of a better system of registration and identification of criminals
is worthy of consideration. It is a common occurrence for them to move from
one place to another after conviction, and under an assumed name pursue their
calling, then when convicted of crime plead a first offence, and by this means get
off with a light sentence, when if their record and history were known to the
magistrate, they would be sent up possibly for a long period. Since the introduc-
tion in France of the Bertillion system of registration, crime has very largely
decreased, owing largely to its assistance in the identification of criminals ; escape
under an assumed name in a new field of operation being impossible. The
criminal by profession discounts imprisonment as an attendant of his calling, but
he does not like to have his record follow him, especially if it means lono-
sentences. A few periods of five to fifteen years fills up the sum of life, hence he
91
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
deems it better to abandon a calling that may suddenly deprive him of liberty
for the remainder of his days, and settles down to lead an honest life. For some
months, all the criminals, and by that is meant thieves, burglars and the like, as
distinct from the tramp and drunkard, have been registered under the Bertillion
system in the Central Prison, but to be of service to its full extent, there w^ould
require to be a central bureau, say in connection with the Provincial Detective
Department, where all records and photos could be kept ; then if A B, known
and registered in this city, finds it suits his purpose to visit London or some point
where he is not known, commits a robbery, falls into custody, gives his name as
C D, pleads a first offence from necessity, on the pretence of being destitute, it
maybe, he would be held till his photo and description conid be sent to the
Central Bureau, and a reply received giving his record as far as known. By some
such means as this, many noted rascals would be successfully followed, and meet
their just desei-ts.
Respectfully submitted.
I have the honor to be,
Sir,
Your obedient servant,
JAMES MASSIE,
Warden.
92
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
ANNUAL RETURN OF THE CENTRAL PRISON FOR THE YEAR
ENDING 30th SEPTEMBER, 1889.
Remaining in custody September 30th, 1888 346
Committed during the year 739
Recaptured 3
1088
Discharged on expiration of sentence 705
" on payment of fine 7
" by remission of sentence 9
" by conviction quashed 2
Re- transferred to common gaols 3
Died in prison hospital 1
Transferred to lunatic asylum 2
Escaped from custody 7
736
Remaining in custody September 30th, 1889 352
1088
SENTENCED DIRECT TO CENTRAL PRISON OR TO COMMON GAOLS.
To Central Prison 510
To Common Gaol 229
739
SOCIAL CONDITION.
Married 198
Single 506
Widowers 35
739
EDUCATION.
Read and write 509
" only 39
No education 191
739
AGES.
Under 18 42
From 18 to 20 64
20 to 30 319
30 to 40 145
40 to 50 108
50 to 60 46
60 to 70 15
739
93
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 1890
NATIONALITIES.
England Ill
Ireland 101
Scotland 36
Canada 383
United States 88
Other countries 20
739
RELIGIOUS DENOMINATIONS.
Church of England 242
Eoman Catholic 203
Presbyterian , 87
Methodist 100
Baptist 31
Lutheran . .^ 7
Congregational 7
Pagan 2
739
HABITS.
Temperate 100
Intemperate 639
739
SENTENCES.
One month and under 46
Over 1 month and up to 2 months 45
2
4
5
6
7
8
9
12
14
15
16
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
months
Average duration of sentence — 6, 20, 30 months.
160
79
21
217
3
4
24
67
3
7
1
29
1
2
1
1
20
8
739
94
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
CRIMES
Assault 26
" and robbery 6
" and battery 4
" a constable, 22
" aggravated 15
" and doing bodily harm 10
" attempt to commit felony 1
Attempt to escape from Central Prison 3
" carnal knowledge of girl under 10 years 3
Bigamy 5
Burglary 7
Breaking gaol and larceny 1
Bringing stolen goods into Canada 9
Burglary and larceny 21
Being found in bonded car G.T.R 3
Cattle stealing 1
Carrying unlawful weapons 2
Carbreaking and robbery 3
Carnal knowledge of girl under 12 years 3
Chicken stealing 3
Cruelty to a horse —
Drunk 34
" and disorderly 13
" " vagrancy 1
" " larceny 3
Desertion from " A " Battery 2
Defacing marks on saw logs 2
Damage to property 2
Disorderly 6
Embezzlement 4
Escaped from custody 1
Forgery . , 5
False pretences ] 0
" " and larceny 1
Felonious wounding 10
" receiving 3
Gaol breaking 1
Horse stealing 14
House breaking and robbery 3
Habitual frequenters house of ill fame 2
Indecent assault 9
" exposure 3
Keeping house of ill fame 5
Larceny 279
" of trees 1
" and receiving 3
" " robbery 2
" of money 11
" of coal 4
" of horse and buggy 2
" cutter 1
95
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A.- 1890
Larceny and uttering base coin.
gaol breaking
Malicious injury to property
" killing of cattle
" wounding
Misdemeanour
Obtaining money, false pretences
Obstructing police
Perjury
Refusing to support wife
" " family
Resisting sherift's officer
Selling liquor without license
" '•' to Indians
Shooting with intent
Shop breaking and robbery
Trespass on railway
Unlawful wounding
Vagrancy
Wounding with intent to do bodily harm
1
2
4
1
4
1
4
2
2
1
2
1
2
3
4
3
4
4
108
1
739
OCCUPATIONS.
Agents
Actors
Boilermakers
Barbers
Bakers
Blacksmiths
Barristers
Builders
Broom makers
Bartenders
Bookbinders
Bootblacks
Brakemen
Brickmakers
Brassfounders
Bricklayers
Butchers
Chairmakers
Cabinetmakers
Clerks
Cigar makers
Carpenters 85
Cooks
Coopers
Chimneysweeps
Coachmen
Carriage painters
Druggists
Engineers
Enofine drivers
2
2
7
7
9
1
1
4
3
2
1
4
1
1
7
19
2
1
14
2
7
1
11
1
1
4
4
1
1
1
6
1
Labourers 329
Farmers
File cutters . . .
Firemen
Fur dressers . .
Fullers
Gardeners . . . .
Grooms
Glassblowers . .
Gilders
Grocers
Hostlers
Harnessmakers
Locksmiths ....
Lathers .......
Machinists
Moulders
Mattress makers
Music teachers .
Miners
Painters
Pedlars
Printers
Polishers
Plasterers
Porters
Photographers .
Potters
Sailmakers
Steel polishers .
1
1
7
12
1
2
3
44
5
4
1
7
1
1
1
1
1
96
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 1890
Shoemakers .
Sailors
Steamfitters .
Stone cutters .
Sawyers
Spinners
Stenographers
Saw grinders .
Tailors
Tinsmiths . . .
Teachers
25
22
5
7
2
1
1
1
27
5
2
Teamsters
Telegraph operators
Tobacco workers . .
Jewellers
Upholsterers
Waiters
Watchmakers
Wigmakers
12
1
1
2-
1
7
1
1
739
COUNTIES AND DISTRICTS.
Brant
18
Bruce
3 !
Carletun
45
Essex
20
Elsfin
17
Frontenac
Grenville
13
20 i
Gray
6
Halton
Hastings
Haldimand
Huron
2
12
2
8
Kent
18
Lanark
Lincoln
3
13
Lambton
ISIiddlesex
25
50
Nippising
2
Northumberland
Norfolk
Oxford
Ontario
Peel
Perth
Peterboro
Renfrew
Rat Portage . . .
Simcoe
Stormont
Victoria
Waterloo
Wellington
Wentworth
Welland
11
1
12
2
1
2
.... 5
1
22
2
1
18
15
60
22
York 259
739
INDUSTRIAL DEPARTMENT.
Return showing the number of days' work rendered for the year commenc-
ing October 1st, 1888, and ending September 30th, 1889.
Broom shop 24 490
Tailor ''■ 4 122
Shoe " ; ; 1997
Woodworking shop 21 057
Brickyard 25',086
Carpentei's and painters 3 103
Tinsmiths and machinists 829
Blacksmiths and helpers \ IQg
Bricklayers and bricklayers labourers making permanent
improvements 3 q7q
General work in yard g84
Mercer reformatory 935
Farm labourers in garden and on farm grounds 8,419
— '■ 89,950
7 (Q.) 97
•53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 1890
DOMESTIC DEPARTMENT.
Return shewing the number of domestics employed from October 1st, 1888,
to September SOth, 1889.
October 1888 1159
November " 1154
December " 1454
January 1889 1164
February " 1281
March " 1570
April " 1160
May " 1086
June " 1272
July " 986
August " 1291
September " 1049
14,626
tlETURN shewing the number of days prisoners were in hospital, confined in cells, con-
^valescent and unemployed, from October 1st, 1888, to September 30th, 1889.
Month.
October
November
December
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
Totals .
1888.
1889.
Hospital.
148
149
186
202
238
266
195
160
161
54
107
133
1999
Confined in
cells and under
punishment.
168
156
175
249
239
290
191
210
223
186
176
182
2445
Unemployed,
bad weather,
and waiting
for material.
58
30
128
404
576
185
210
43
467
369
892
492
3854
Sick in cells.
40
64
96
94
129
110
81
54
61
77
93
98
997
98
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 1890
Keturn shewing the daily population of the Central Prison during the year ending
September 30th, 1889.
Bay.
1
o
O
a>
s
>
o
o
>>
c
1-5
g
o
1
1
6
a
So
<
Si
a
I
1
2
346
349
357
357
356
355
355
353
354
354
356
354
354
354
358
356
353
345
345
343
343
342
346
355
352
351
358
358
361
361
369
10950
369
367
369
369
378
377
375
379
379
385
383
385
381
388
388
387
386
386
386
389
389
387
386
389
389
393
390
395
392
391
11505
393
393
395
395
400
399
399
408
408
410
410
415
411
411
411
411
409
411
415
418
413
419
419
418
418
417
420
420
434
434
429
12764
429
429
429
427
425
425
424
423
422
422
421
420
420
417
415
415
413
406
406
408
403
400
399
397
392
388
388
388
389.
386
391
395
396
396
396
396
392
396
396
395
395
410
409
413
413
412
415
415
414
413
412
411
411
413
413
410
409
403
406
11355
403
399
399
396
403
401
399
397
395
395
398
404
399
401
401
407
407
403
400
404
401
400
396
396
395
392
394
391
398
394
394
12562
392
392
392
396
393
391
391
389
386
382
380
381
376
376
375
372
371
366
366
362
362
366
368
367
362
358
360
360
1 357
356
11245
357
355
361
356
356
355
350
354
353
348
341
341
337
335
341
341
343
337
337
335
330
333
351
351
346
346
345
344
343
342
343
344
344
341
340
346
345
346
343
343
339
333
333
336
337
333
335
347
341
345
341
355
342
342
340
338
347
343
346
338
338
10247
338
332
340
338
344
343
343
352
348
354
359
357
356
356
354
351
350
352
349
343
343
347
346
350
347
345
345
345
344
344
343
345
347
343
343
347
345
346
344
345
339
339
339
342
341
349
349
345
345
341
340
337
336
336
335
333
337
341
353
353
352
351
10620
351
349
3
347
4..:
344
5
348
€
356
7
353
8
353
9
353
10
11
352
352
12
349
13
345
14
357
15
354
16
350
17
349
18
19
346
348
:20
345
21
345
22
345
23
345
24
341
25
26
345
349
354
28
29
356
356
30
352
-31
Total
12727
10708
10758
10492
Total number for the year 135,933
Highest anv one month 12,764
"" day 434
Lowest any one month 10,245
" " day 330
Average per month 11,327
" day 372
99
63 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
CENTRAL PRISON HOSPITAL.
Annual return of the medical department of the Central Prison, showing the
average number of patients in hospital per dav for each month, from 1st October^
18.S8, to 30th September, 1889.
October 1888 2.20
November " 4.46
December " 5.90
January 1889 7.06 .
February " 7.80
March " 8.60
April " 7.00
May " 6.68
June " 6.80
July " 5.00
August " 4.90
September " 6.80
Daily average for the year 6.00
Number of patients in hospital 30th September, 1889 4
General summary of distribution of prisoners in the Central Prison from.
October 1st, 1888, to 30th September, 1889.
Industrial department 89,950
Domestics 14,626
Sick in hospital 1,999
Sick in cells and convalescent 997
Confined in cells and under punishment 2,445
Unemploj'ed, inclement weather, lunatics, unfit for work
and waiting material 3,854
Sundays and holidays (unemployed) 22,062
135,93a
Report of the Superintendent of the Sunday School.
Toronto, 15th October, 1889.
K. Christie, Esq.,
Inspector of Asylums, Prisons, etc., Toronto.
Sir, — I have the honour to report that the work in the Sunday School at
the Central Prison has been carried on throughout the year on the same lines as
formerly, and there has been nothing differing from the work of past years to-
which special attention can be called.
100
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
The staff of teachers continues to be of sufficient strength to enable us to
overtake the work with considerable satisfaction, and, we believe, success. The
utmost harmony has prevailed between the several members of the staff, as well
as between them and the prison authorities. We believe that the prison rules
ars universally complied Avith by the teachers, and on the part of the warden,
deputy warden, sergeant and guards, there has been the utmost courtesy and
consideration towards the teachers. We have every ground for believing that
the work done has been productive of much spiritual good to some of the men
who have come under our instruction.
I have the honour to remain, Sir,
Your obedient servant,
HAMILTON CASSELS.
Stipt a p. s. s.
Report of Prisoners' Aid Association.
Toronto, October I7th, 1889.
R. Christie, Esq.,
Inspector of Asylinns, Prisons, etc, Toronto.
Sir, — I have the honor to subnijt to you the various reports of the w^ork
carried on by the Prisoners' Aid Society for the vear ending September 30th,
1889.
The reports are from the Superintendent of the Andrew Mercer Sunday School
the Central Prison Sunda}'- School and the report of the schoolmaster paid by the
association, of his work in the Central Prison. Also a statement of the receipts
and disbursements of the association during the past year. These reports speak
for themselves. The work is, we believe, every day increasing in its beneficial
character, and we are more convinced of the value of a sj^stein by which we obtain
an influence over the prisoners during their residence in prison, which enables us
to practically direct and assist them on their discharge ; and the results of the
work we believe, are of permanent value.
The nature of the work may be indicated by the following minutes of
assistance given to discharged prisoners. Total number assisted during the year
723; the manner of assistance as follows: — Work provided for 319; provisions
given to 71 families of prisoners ; 39 articles of furniture given ; rent paid in 9
cases ; 193 articles of clothing distributed ; tools and materials given to 53 ; rail-
way fares paid for 23 ; 3 assisted to go to their friends in Europe ; 4,343 meals
given and 1,344 night lodgings ; loans made to discharged prisoners to the extent
of $312.85, of which they have returned .S2 18.90 during the year; one vouth
apprenticed who is giving every sasifaction to his employer.
All of which is respectfully submitted.
S. H. WHITE
President:
101
68 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 189G
Prisoners Aid Association.
Receipts for twelve months, ending September 30th, 1889.
Government grant Sl,000 00
Municipal grants 240 00
Grant frora City of Tordnto 600 00
Subscriptions , 511 94
Loans repaid 218 90
Collected at annual meeting 17 65
Rent 48 00
Central Bank dividend > 293 67
>,930 16
Disbursements for twelve months, ending September 30th, 1889.
Food, lodging, clothes, tools, furniture, railway fares
rent, loans, etc.. to 723 ex-prisoners $1,026 43
Central Prison night school, master's salary, books, etc... 204 76
Gaol day school, master's salary 200 00
Books, etc., for Sunday school at A. M. Reformatory and
Central Prison ". 29 23
Printing, advertising, stationery, postage, etc 113 51
Water, light, and fuel 185 40
Paid on building, insurance and interest 401 95
Agents' salary and sundries ,. 581 81
$2,742 59
Report of the Central Prison Night School.
To the President and Members of the Prisoners' Aid Association.
Gentlemen, — I would respectfully submit the following report of the Central
Prison Night School, from 1st January to 30th September, 1889.
At the request of your Association I took charge of the school on the 1st of
January, 1889.
The school-room which is situated on the first floor of the north wing, has
accommodation for about 48 men and is fairly well lighted and ventilated. The-
102
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 189a
annexed table will show the attendance for each month and the number in the-
several classes.
Month.
January . . .
February . .
March . . . .
April
May
June
September .
No. on
S. Roll.
53
52
50
51
56
57
50
Disch'rg'd
No. in
during
1st & 2nd
Month.
Primer.
2
8
3
7
3
9
4
2
4
11
3
10
2
8
No. in
2nd
Reader.
No. in
3rd
Reader.
16
17
15
18
14
19
17
17
15
13
16
16
13
12
No. in
4th
Reader.
12
13
13
16
14
15
13
The attendance at the school is excellent, and it is highly gratifying to notice
the desire of the men for knowledge as evinced by their earnest attention ta
instruction and their application to study, as well as their cheerful persevering
spirit and their general good deportment in the school.
The subjects taught are writing, reading and arithmetic, with occasionally a
lesson on geography, or some other subject, but as many of the men are unable to
write, and some of them cannot read, they require considerable time and indvidual
attention in these subjects, which are of the highest importance to them and in
which most of them in time make fair progress.
I am glad to report that the school not only stirs the activities of the minds
of these men, but also the impulses of their better nature, and infuses a spirit of
manliness and an ambition to be men, and at times when speaking of some great
discoverer or some noble man, I have seen their eyes kindle with admiration of
what was noble or good, and have noticed an increased earnestness in their appli-
cation to their studies.
The men also deeply appreciate tiie kindness of those to whom they are
indebted for their privileges, and in their exercises in letter writing it is pleasing
to note such expressions as these : " I love to learn and I thirst for knowledge. I
am the only son of a widowed mother and am her only support, and I shall
heartily thank the officers of this institution for all the instruction I get here."
Another says : " I have learned a great deal which will be a benefit to me,,
especially in arithmetic of which I knew nothing, except addition and that very
imperfectly. I have also improved very much in reading and writing, and I shall
be able to make rapid progress. / have also resolved to becortie a better and a
iviser man, and 1 believe it to be my duty to you, and to all concerned in our-
welfare to show that I am thankful and (that I) appreciate all that has been done
for my good."
In concluding this report, I would express my sincere thanks to the Warden
and Deputy Warden for their kindness and the interest they take in the school,
and their attention to everything in the way of making the school-room comfort-
able, convenient, and pleasant. The kindness and courtesy of the officials and
guards has made my duties pleasant. I would specially mention guard Hartley,
who in addition to his other duties renders valuable assistance in the Night
School and takes a deep interest in the work. I would also thank your associa-
tion for the liberal manner in which you have provided the supplies and school
requisites when needed, and the prompt responses to all communications addressed
to your honorable board.
All of which is respectfully submitted.
Your obedient servant,
Toronto, October 1st, 1889. JAMES BODDY.
103
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
Centrat. Prison, Toronto,
September .30th, 1889.
R. Christie, Esq.,
Inspector of Prisons and Public Charities for Ontario.
Sir : — The annual report of the Medical department of the Central Prison
for the past year shows an almost entire absence of summer diseases. The same
statement will apply to the pi^evious summer.
The ventilation in summer is much superior to that of winter. I have on
several occasions, in previous reports, drawn attention to the lack of efficient
winter ventilation in the corridors in which are the cells of the prisoners. In
consequence of this deficiency we have during January, February, March and
A.pril of every year a large number of cases of rheumatism and inflammation of
the air passages, especially tonsilitis. pharyngitis, bronchitis, and occasionally
laryngitis.
Diphtheria is very rare in the Prison.
These diseases are not chargeable to the food, the clothing, the work, the
cold, but primarily to the impurity of the air, and perhaps secondary to con-
tagion. Pure night air will not produce these diseases.
The remedy is to bring into each corridor, all through the night, abundance
of outside air, either cold or warm, the latter preferable, and then by the present
steam pipes keep up such a degree of heat as will ensure for each prisoner a con-
tinuous supply of pure air.
It would have been better if the aperture in the top of each cell for the
escape of exhaled air had been over the feet rather than over the head of the
convict. This, however, could be easily rectified by carrying a tin pipe from the
aperture to the other end of the cell, and thus avoid draft over the head and face.
The Allwise One is unceasingly engaged fifteen or sixteen times every
minute by his own delicate machinery, filtering out from the blood of the lungs,
dead, offensive, poisonous materials, and we should do all we can in carrying out
his views, so as to avoid as far as possible ever inhaling exhaled air.
The general health of the prisoners, with the above exceptions, has been
excellent.
The hospital is lighted and aired on only one side. In any contemplated
enlargement of the prison it is hoped that we shall obtain a hospital with win-
dows on opposite sides, so that the air by cross currents can be kept pure, and
there will be no dark corners and no stagnant air.
There ought to be some cells specially constructed for insane cases till they
can be removed to the asylum. If this is not done, I fear we shall have suicides
in the Prison, for we always have on hand cases more or less insane.
This provision is desirable for the comfort of the other prisoners.
104
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 1890
The following list indicates the api)lications for treatment made by prisoners als^e
to work, and their diseases :
Disease.
Abrasions
Acne
Abaceis
Aneroxia
Ague ,
Aguish
Asthma
Boils
Bubo
Bronchitis
Balanitis . .
Bums and Scalds
Bunion
Cancer
Cystitis
Catarrh — Nasal
Coryza
Conjunctivitis
Constipation
Contusions and wounds,
Cramps
Coughs and colds ...
Debility
Diarrhoea
Dysentry
Dysuria
Epilepsy
Eczema
Eruptions
Epistaxis
Entropion
Feverishne.ss
Flatulency
Fistula— anal
Gonorrhoea
Gleet
Hoemoptysis
Hsemorrhoids
Headache
Hernia
Heart disease
Indigestion
Ingrowing toe nail
Inflammation of hand . ,
No. OF
Applications.
10
19
40
340
26
174
18
18
16
6
4
2
2
1
2
100
64
12
760
89
219
805
141
164
2
10
84
20
46
4
1
44
28
2
41
16
1
68
94
20
4
246
1
2
Disease.
Inflammation of nose
" " lymphatic
" " fingers
" " knee
leg
Insanity
Insomnia
Irritability of bladder
Lumbago
Masturbation
Neuralgia
Nervousness
Nausea
Orchitis
Pains alleged to exist
Paralysis, partial
Pediculi Pubis
Phthisis
Pleurisy
Rheumatism, mild
" " inflammatory..
Scobies
Sciatica
Sore throat,
" " syphilitic
Spermatorhoea
Sprains
Synovitis
Stricture of urethra
Scrofula
Syphilis, primary
" secondary
Toothache
Teeth extracted
■' " and replaced.
Ulcer
Vertigo
Varicocele
Varicose veins
Vomiting
Warts
Worms, tape
" oxyuris
No. OF
Applications.
6
18
6
8
2
1
6
46
12
98
16
121
18
6
8
281
1
20
2
16
192
16
20
U
84
40
84
10
10
92
40
10
49
216
98
18
84
20
2
16
24
16
6
10
105
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 189G
Annual Returns of the Central Prison Hospital, showing the number of prison-
ers admitted into hospital and their diseases :
Disease.
Ague
Asthma
Abscess
Bleeding from gums
Boils
Cramps
Cancer
Circumcision
Coughs and colds
Contusions
Conjunctivitis
Dyspepsia
Diarrhoea
Debility
Dysentery
Erysipelas
Eczema
Feverish
Fracture of leg
Hsemorrhoids
Inflammation of ankle
Inflammation of lymphatic glands
" " bowels
Ingrowing toe nail
No. OF
Applications.
1
1
3
1
1
3
1
1
14
4
4
1
2
3
1
1
1
8
1
2
2
1
1
1
Disease.
Insanity
Lumbago
Neuralgia
Orchitis
Pleurisy.
Phthisis pulmonatis .
Rheumatism
Syphilis
Sprain of ankle
Sore throat, severe . .
Stricture of urethra
Ulcer
Wounds
Operations on Hospital Cases.
For Haemorrhoids
Ingrowing toe nail
Amputation of fingers.
No. OF
Applications.
1
1
2
2
3
2:
17
1
1
13.
3
»
4
Deaths.
One, from consumption . . .
Average number of patients in hospital per day for each month from October
1st, 1888, to September 30th, 1889 :
October, 1888.
November, " .
December, " .
January, 1889 .
February, " .
March, " .
April, " .
May, " .
June, ' ' .
July, " .
August, " .
September, " .
2.2
4.46
5.9
7.06
7.8
8.6
7.
6.68
6.8
5.
4.9
6.8
Average number per day for the year 6.
Number of patients in hospital 30th September, 1889 4
I have the honor to be,
Your obedient servant,
W. T. AIKINS,
Surgeon to the Central Pr^ison.
106
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
MERCER REFORMATORY.
In presenting the Ninth Annual Report upon the working of this institution
for the year ending 30th September, 1889, it is gratifying to note the very
favorable report which the Superintendent of the institution is able to make in
regard to the work accomplished.
The Superintendent draws attention to the difference in the class of inmates
now in custody, compared with those of former years, and the distinction is a
noticeable one, and in consequence of the greater proportion of those now in
residence being more or less imbecile, both mentally and physically, less prospect
can be entertained of moral improvement with those at present in the institution
by disciplinary agencies and reformatory influences, and the fears expressed by
the Superintendent as to the future conduct of a number of them is not ground-
less.
A perusal of the report will show, however, the number of agencies employed
in looking after the welfare of the inmates dishaiged. It is pleasing also to note
that this very important question of the future welfare of the inmates has in the
past and continues to be so well looked after, and if after the liberation of any
inmate a downward course is still pursued, it must be the result of voluntary and
perverse determination.
No changes have been made in the ordinary routine working of the institu-
tion during the past year, nor has any event occurred to interfere with its regu-
lar and systematic working.
INDUSTRIAL REFUGE FOR GIRLS.
It is with pleasure that I am again able to call attention at the close of
another year to the good and satisfactory working of the Industrial Refuge, and
would call special attention to the Superintendent's report, as evidence of the
good results which are following, and it is doubtful whether any other institution
established with like objects in view, can show a better record in regard to the
happy influences which have been produced by such disciplinary work, the fact
that out of a population of 114, six, or less than one per cent, are known to be
living incorrect lives, and it is equally pleasing also to note, that a very large
proportion of the others are known to be living exemplary lives, and are proving
to be good members of society.
The following summary shews the movements of the inmates of the Reforma-
tory and Refuge during the years 1888 and 1889 : —
107
^3 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
Reformatory.
1888. 1889.
Number of inmates at beginning of year (1st Oct.). . 117 121
" " since admitted , , . . 158 124
" " transferred from Refuge
Total number in custody during the year 275 245
Discharged on expiration of sentence 138 148
" payment of fines 7 ....
" remission of sentence 1 ....
" conviction quashed 1 ....
" by order of the court 3
Transferred to Lunatic Asjdum
Refuge for Girls 6 5
Died 1 ....
Re-arrested for escape 1
154 157
In custody at close of year (30th Sept.) 121 88
Refuge.
Number of inmates at beginning of year (1st Oct.) . . 39 49
" " since admitted 21 19
" " recaptured 1
Total number in residence 60 69
Discharged on expiration of term 4 13
" warrant of Lieutenant-Governor 1
Apprenticed by order of Lispector 7 12
Transferred to Reformatory
11 26'
In residence at close of year (30th Sejit.) 49 43
Attached to the Superintendent's report will be found tables giving full
Lstatistical information respecting the inmates of both Reformatory and Refuge.
108
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 1890
Maintenance Expenditure.
For year ending 30th September, 1889, compared with previous year.
Year ending 30th Septembjie,
1888.
Year ending 30th September..
1889.
SERVICE.
Medicines and Medical comforts
Butcher meat and fish
$ c.
206 45
2092 19
1745 57
453 00
3002 62
506 67
2244 58
285 93
565 69
570 58
851 80
1292 83
690 64
382 40
1467 33
528 96
1090 40
10270 87
28304 47
C. M.
2.4
24.2
20.2
5.2
35.5
5.9
26.0
3.2
6.6
6.6
9.9
15.0
8.0
4.5
16.1
6.0
12.7
$1.19.0
$ c.
1 24
12 60
10 52
2 73
18 45
3 05
13 53
1 71
3 41
3 43
5 13
7 79
4 16
2 30
8 84
3 18
6 57
61 87
$ c.
239 51
2194 21
1804 16
712 94
3286 06
197 19
1899 50
7497 12
671 58
771 11
579 06
1237 65
485 09
405 41
910 88
434 44
771 28
10107 02
C. M.
2.9
26.9
22.4
8.8
40.2
2.4
23.3
91.9
8.2
9.4
7.1
15.1
6.0
5.0
11.2
5.3
9.4
$1.23 7
$ c.
1 53
14 CO'
11 68.
Butter
4 54
Groceries
20 93-
Potatoes and vegetables
Bedding, clothing and shoes
1 25-
12 10
Fuel
47 79
Gas, oil, candles and matches
4 28
Laundry, soap and cleaning appliances .
Furniture and furnishings
4 91
3 69
Farrr, garden, feed and fodder
7 89
3 10
Printing, postage and stationery
Water supply
Library, schools and religious services . . .
Unenumerated
2 58
5 80
2 77
4 91
Salaries and wages
64 37
Total
3.27
170 51
34234 21
4.19.
218 10
Avera
in
ge No. of in
1888—166.
mates
Avera
ge No. of inmates
in 1889—157.
Industrial Department.
The following summary shows the number of days worked in each of the
branches, and the amount of revenue derived therefrom : —
Setuing Department.
No. of days worked, 565.
Total revenue $558 78
Less cost of material, and repairs to machines 56 24
Net revenue $302 5#
Daily earnings of each inmate employed, 53.54 cents.
* Laundry Dejpartrfient.
No. of days worked, 8,560.
Total revenue
Less cost of materials and water
Net revenue —
Daily earnings of each inmate employed, 28.74 cents.
109
53,296 96
836 29
$2,460 ur
3 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
Knitting Department.
No. of days worked, 1,838.
Total revenue $315 23
Less cost of material 97 53
$217 70
Daily earnings of each inmate employed, 11.84 cents.
Making up Clothing for Inmates.
7,805 days at 30 cents per day $2,341 50
Clothing for inmates on discharge 220 33
Total $2,5(il 83
The gross and net earnings of the different branches were : —
Sewing Branch.
Laundry
Knitting
Gross
;.
Net.
$358 78
$302
54
3,296
90
2,460
67
315
23
217 70
Total revenue $3,970 97 $2,980 91
Making clothing for inmates, etc . 2,561 83
Minutes of Inspection.
Copies of the reports made by me after my inspections are annexed : —
I made an inspection of the Mercer Reformatory on the 22nd of May. I
found that there were 93 inmates under charge distributed at their daily employ-
jnents as follows : —
Those employed from which revenue is derived, pant making,
knitting for supplies, laundry work for the city and Cen-
tral prison , 36
Those employed from which no revenue is derived, as mending
and washing clothing, house cleaning, kitchen and bakery
work, dining room, etc., etc 33
Those in the house, employed as nurses, sick, etc 24
The health of the inmates was excellent and has been good for many
months. There was one case of lung disease, which was contracted prior to the
admission of the inmate to the institution. Since the date of my last report, no
matter of great importance has transpired to interfere with regular routine work
of the institution. During the winter months a number of visits were made, and
I found the order and discipline well maintained. •
The population has not increased of late ; there are no material changes tak-
ing place in the reformatory requiring observation. I found the premises in
excellent order, the women busily employed, and the general work of the insti-
tution progessing very satisfactorily.
The grounds are in good order ; considerable improvements have been effected
by better cultivation during the past two yeafs.
110
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
I made an inspection of the Refuge Branch of the Mercer Reformatory, on
the 22nd day of May. On that day there were 45 children under charge. I
found them with one exception in good health and actively employed, and giving
evidence of careful training in the several departments in which they were
instructed.
Considerable time was spent in noting the mental condition of the children
in this department, with a view of determining as to their progress in the past,
and their aptitude for training in the several branches of work in the future.
The desix-ability of paying strict attention to the employment of the children
with a view of developing to the best advantage their individual capacities, so
■as to promote their better mental and physical condition, is a matter of the
highest importance. It is gratifying to note that in this regard the strictest
attention is given to the ditierent characteristics of the children upon iheir
admission to the Reformatory, and detailing those to positions specially suited
to their capacity.
I found all the apartments in excellent order, clean and neatly kept, and the
work in this section of the institution progressing very satisfactorily.
I made another inspection of the Mercer Reformatory on the 5th of Septem-
ber. I visited all the different apartments of the Institution, and inquired into
the general working of it, both in regard to due performance of duty by the
officials, the carrying out of disciplinary arrangements and general management
throughout.
I found that there were on the day of my visit ninety inmates in residence —
thirty-eight of whom were employed in industrial work from which revenue is
derived ; five of the recent admissions were being instructed in needle work, etc. ;
ten were employed as domestics in various ways ; fourteen were also employed in
domestic work in the kitchen, baking, dining-room, etc. ; fifteen were employed
in domestic laundry work ; four were sick, and four were incapable from various
reasons to do labor of any description. Five infants were also in charge.
The laundry work of the Institution now proves to be the principal employ-
inent, as it is a difficult matter to obtain needle work of any description, even
sufficient to fully employ the instructresses in that branch with a view of teaching
the inmates. The industrial work in this branch of the Institution in this
respect is not in a very satisfactory condition, as much more could be accom-
plished, and more revenue derived, provided material could be obtained for
employment; owing, however, to various causes no immediate prospect of securing
large orders for clothing, etc., is to he looked for, and in consequence necessary
re-airangements of the work-room operations will be effected.
No marked change in conducting the affairs of the Institution has taken
place since the date of my last visit. A noticeable feature in the basement of
the kitchen department and work-room was the neatness and order in which
they are kept. The inmates were thoroughly employed, so far as their physical
and mental abilities would admit. General good health prevails, in fact, since
the opening of the Institution no period has elapsed when the general health and
good sanitary condition of the Institution has been so marked as during the past
seven or eight months. The large measure of attention required appears to be
in the nursery, were the care and anxiety is greatest.
The number of weak-minded and imbecile persons sentenced to the Institu-
tion from time to time appears to be on the increase, and on account of the
helplessness and mental condition of this class, but little can be done for their
111
53 \^ictoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
improvement by moral or reformatory influences, more good can be accomplished
by providing for a large number of them in some permanent home specially
established for the care of such people, than by sentenjce for either longer or
shorter poriods to the Reformatory, with the hope that the influence brought to
bear would be beneficial to them. No extraordinary occurrence worthy of note
requires comment from me since the date of my last visit.
REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT.
Toronto, October 19th, 1889.
R. Christie, Esq.,
Inspector of Prisons and Public Charities.
Sir, — I have the honor of submitting to you the ninth annual report of the
Andrew Mercer Ontario Reformatory for females and Refuge for girls for the
year ending September 30th, 1889.
The daily average number of inmates is lower than it was the preceding-
year. The most satisfactory and only way that I know of to account for this
decrea.se in number, is that the Reformatory discipline has been successful.
Indeed, I do not remember any year since the opening of the Institution when so
many who have served a term here are now doing well and earning an honest
living.
It is, however, to be regretted that so many of those now in residence are
very much below the average in intelligence, and although these poor unfor-
tunates are not as responsible as others more gifted by nature, they are more
difficult to manage ; their understanding is weak, their memory defective, their
will strong for evil ; in such cases it is hard to make a lasting impression. I have
grave fears that when they regain their liberty they will fall back into their old
ways.
The general conduct of the inmates has been unusually good, if I except a
few troublesome ones who alone have been subjected to any punishment. Much
of our success in the management of the inmates must be attributed to the
influence of the several religious services which are held regularly at the
Reformatory. We realize more and more that religion alone will produce a true
reformation of character, and we gratefully acknowledge the services of those
who have so faithfully worked for this great end.
In looking over the record of punishments, I find 138 cases entered for the
year, this includes 12 cases of punishment by confinement in dark cell.
On the evening of July 1st, six inmates, excited by the crowds of people and
the music of the bands in the exhibition grounds near by, made an attempc at
escape, five were brought back in a short time, the sixth was captured by one of
the engineers and a police officer the next day. This inmate was re-arrested the
evening before the expiration of her sentence and brought before Col. Denison,
Police Magistrate, who sentenced her to an imprisonment of one month.
The work in the sewing machine shop has fallen ofi" very considerably. We
have had no orders from the wholesale houses for shirt or pant making, con-
112
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 189C
sequently we have placed all the strong and able-bodied women at work in the
laundries ; those who remain in the sewing and knitting department are principally
women whose health unfits them for hard labor.
The number of pieces made in the sewing room is 1,782, Knitting 861 pairs
of socks and mitts.
The laundry work done for families in the city, for the Canada Pacific Rail-
way Company, and for the Central Prison, has given satisfaction. The following
figures will show the number of pieces laundried :
Central Prison, 86,470, together with 594 pairs of blankets, total, 87,064 ;
Canada Pacific Railway Company, 22,809 ; City laundry, 61,856 ; besides all the
washing and the ironing for inmates and stafi.
Reading and writing classes were held as usual during the winter months
for those who desired to learn, as we have found by experience that it is
impossible to oblige women to attend those classes who are not willing to profit
by them. We have left it entirel}^ optional, whilst always urging as many of the
younger girls to attend regularly as possible. You will notice by the appended
tables that the percentage of those knowing how to read and write is the same,
as usual, about three-fifths.
The nursery has been open all year, with a daily average of five infants.
In residence, October 1st, 1888 9
Entered with mothers 2
Born in the Reformatory 4
Total 15
Taken out by mothers 8
Died , .' 2
Sent to House of Providence 1
In nursery, September 30th, 1889 4
Total 15
Considerable difficulty is experienced in the management of inmates who
have infants ; we cannot oblige them to keep all the rules strictly ; in many cases
they make their infants the excuse for evading those rules they might keep.
The health of the inmates has been very good, the hospital being opened only
•during two months from December 13th, 1888, to February 15th, 1889. No
«pidepaic of any kind prevailed and no death occurred among the women.
Religious services have been held regularly as in former years. The Protes-
tant inmates have every Sunday morning attended the Sunday School taught by
a, number of ladies from the different Protestant congregations of the city under
the superintendence of W. H. Howland, Esq. A service is held every Sunday
afternoon at four o'clock and every Thursday evening at half past six by a clergy-
man, member of the Ministerial Association.
Mass is celebrated for the Catholic inmates every Sunday at half past ten by
a priest from St. Michael's Cathedral and a sermon is preached. Classes for
religious instruction are held during the hours of the Protestant service.
The yield from the garden this year has been large, the potato crop is an
unusually good one, fresh roots and vegetables were given regularly to the
inmates during the season. The root-house is now well stocked for the winter
8 (G.) 113
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
months, a few trees were planted at the east end of the grounds near the new
fence which was put up last year. The grounds and garden have been kept in
good order. Great attention and skill was bestowed upon them by the gardener^
I find on referring to last year's report that the necessity for a new
refrigerator for meat was urged ; it is utterly impossible to keep meat fresh during
the summer in the one now in use.
The elevator for bringing food from the kitchen to the dining rooms, in use
since the opening of the institution, is so heavy and cumbersome that it is injurious
to those whose duty it is to work it. Something lighter and more easily moved
is much required.
148 inmates were discharged on the expiration of sentence, disposed of as
follows : —
Ketuvned to friends 81
Situations found by members of Eeformatory Staff 11
Ladies of the Sunday School found places for 5
Obtained situations for themselves 16
Went to House in connection wdth Prisoners' Aid Association... 5
Convent of Good Shepherd 3
Salvation Army Rescue Home 4
" House of Providence 1
" Convent at Sunnyside 1
Went earning living by peddling 1
Sent one to Scotland and one to Ireland, half of passage paid
by Prisoners' Aid Association and half by Government .... 2
Left unattended and unprotected for 28
Total 148
No changes were made in the staff with the exception of the dismissal of
H. Thompson, night watchman, for refusing to obey orders.
Industrial Refuge.
This branch of the institution is the one in which hope for the future good
of the inmates has the surest foundation. Most of the girls admitted are happily
too young to know much of the wickedness of the world, or at least to have
formed habits of sin ; this being the case I feel confident from past experience that
the judicious training they receive will bear good fruit.
Since the opening of the Industrial Refuge nine years ago, 141 girl^ have
been under instruction and discipline, of these 114 were sentenced direct to the
Industrial Refuge, 27 were transferred from the Reformatory. These " transfers "
were girls under eighteen years of age committed for a first ofience, fearing that
association with older criminals would be injurious to them; with your permission
we transferred them to the Refuge ; the result has been most satisfactory as during
those nine years only three transfers have been re-committed. Of the 114 girls
sentenced direct to the Refuge only six have proved unsatisfactory.
The benefits of the industrial training is clearly shown in the above state-
ment that on an average only one girl yearly has failed, or nine girls in nine
years. A fact I ought to mention here in reference to these failures is that each
girl on her discharge went to her relatives. We having no authority to retain
114
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
her after the expiration of her sentence, these relatives unfortunately were, in
almost all cases, idle and dissolute people.
I here desire to call your attention to the fact that not only has the discipline
of the Refuge benefited those who who were sentenced direct for an indefinite
period, it has also been of incalcuable benefit to the " transfers " who, were it not
for the Refuge, would have been obliged to serve out their sentence in the
Reformatory.
Ninety-eight girls have been discharged since the opening of the Industrial
Refuge, we have been in correspondence with some of these girls during the past six
years, lour of them are respectably married, three are holding positions of trust, and
all of them, save the nine failures, are as far as can be ascertained leading honest
and upright lives. The usual routine of work, both in the school room and in the
industrial department, has been regularly and conscientiously carried out under
the immediate supervision of Miss Elliott. A great share of the success of the
Refuge is due to Miss Elliott's peculiar adaptability for teaching and training the
girls. I kave been fortunate in having her valuable assistance in the manage-
ment of the Refuge since the opening of the institution.
The girls have been veiy healthy during the year with the exception of two
cases of serious illness, one of diphtheria and one of typhoid fever. Every pre-
caution was taken to prevent infection.
In conclusion I desire to acknowledge the able assistance afibrded by every
member of the present staflf in maintaining the discipline of both the Reformatory
and Refuge.
I have the honor to be. Sir,
Your obedient servant,
M. J. O'REILLY,
Superintendent.
Annual Statistical Repokt of the Andrew Mercer Ontario Reformatory
FOR the Year Ending September 30th, 1889.
Number of inmates, October 1st, 1888 121
" " twice received 124
245
Discharged on expiration of sentence 148
" by order of Court 3
Transferred to Refuge 5
Re-arrested for escape 1
Remaining in custody, September 30th, 1889 88
245
Nature of Sentences.
Sentenced direct to Reformatory 98
" to Common Gaols 26
124.
115
^3 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 1890
Nationalities.
England 22
Ireland 16
Scotland 6
"Wr^les 1
United States 12
France • 2
Newfoundland 1
Canada 64
124
45
35
Religious Denominations.
Episcopalians
Roman Catholics
Presbyterians 8
Baptists 4
Methodists 32
-124
Social Condition.
Married 46
Single 78
-124
Temperate or Intemperate.
Temperate ^1
Intemperate '3
Education.
Read and write 75
Read only 20
Neither read nor write 29
124
Ages.
Under 18 years 22
From 18 to 20 19
20
80
40
50
30
40
50
60
36
31
12
4
-124
Sentences.
For
3
4
5
6
9
12
16
18
20
22
23
23
1
2
months ,
2
1
'. 3
69
.< ' 2
« 21
" 1
« 8
« 1
« 1
« ;.■'■.■.* 8
" and 23 days 2
year and 364 days 3
years 2
124
116
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 189(^
Grimes.
Arson 2
Assault and robbery 1
Assault and wounding 1
Attempt at Arson , 1
Causing a disturbance on street 1
Causing a disturbance on street by being drunk 6
Disorderly 2
Drunkenness 7
Drunk and disorderly 2
Drunk, disorderly and vagrancy , . . . , 1
False pretences 1
Felony 1
Feloniously wounding 3
Frequenting a house of ill-fame 1
Illusing and neglecting to support child 1
Inmates of disorderly house 2
Inmates of house of ill-fame 6
Keeping a disorderly house 5
Keeping a house of ill-fame 7
Larceny 25
Prostitution 6
Prostitution and vagrancy 6
Vagrancy 34
Vagranc}'^ and drunkenness 1
Vagrancy and prostitution 1
—124
Occupations.
Charwomen 10
Cooks. . 1
Furriers 1
Housekeeper 11
Laundresses 2
No occupation 16
Pedlers 1
Prostitutes 27
Servants 54
Waiters 1
—124-
117
B3 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 1890
Counties from which inmates were received.
Counties.
Algoma, District of.
Brant
Bruce
Carleton . .
Elgin
Essex
Frontenac ,
Orey
Hastings
Kent
Lambton
Leeds and Grenville
Lincoln
Middlesex
Nipissing, District of . .
Ontario
Oxford
Peterborough
Simcoe
Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry.
Thunder Bay, District of
Waterloo
Wellington
Wentworth
York
Total .
Sentenced
direct to
Reformatory.
1
17
27
Sentenced to
Common Gaols
and subsequently
removed.
1
14
26
Number of Day's Work done by Inmates During the Year.
Industrial Department.
Knitting to fill orders 1,838
for stock 160f
Laundry, (City, C. P. Ry., Central Prison) 8,560
Shirt and pant making , 565
ll,123f
118
63 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 1890
Domestic Labor.
Corridor and house cleaning 3,489^
Cooks 366
Bakery 617
Dining-room 1,337|
Laundry (inmates and staff) 3,123|
Learning to sew 769f
knit 728|
Sewing, mending and knitting for Reformatory 4,682;^
" " washing own clothing 405|
Nursery (attending infants) 687|
Nurse (hospital) 102
-16,308|
Daily average number of Infants in the Refoi-niatory during the year ending
September 30th, 1889.
Day of Month.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14,
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20
21
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29,
30.
31.
Total.
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
10
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
280
262 I 218 249
224
232
192
119
77
76
94
129
Total
Average per day . . .
Average per month
119
2,152
1791
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 1890
Daily average population of the Reformatory during the year ending September
30th, 1889.
Day of Month,
fcT
a> -
OC©
©00
Oi-I
O
a
>
S
CD
O
m
t-5
ft
2
OS
1
<
a5
a
1-5
t-5
M
3
60
<1
September.
1
121
122
122
122
123
123
123
124
123
124
124
124
123
121
121
120
120
118
116
116
115
115
115
116
116
115
115
115
115
115
115
116
115
116
116
116
120
119
119
119
119
118
118
119
118
117
117
116
116
116
116
116
117
121
120
119
119
118
117
120
124
123
122
122
121
121
121
124
124
124
126
125
125
124
124
124
124
124
124
124
123
123
123
123
123
121
121
121
120
120
120
120
120
120
124
122
126
126
126
128
125
123
123
123
121
121
121
121
121
120
120
119
119
119
118
117
117
120
120
121
123
123
123
123
123
123
123
123
123
123
123
122
122
122
123
123
123
122
122
121
121
121
121
120
120
120
119
119
119
119
119
119
119
116
116
118
115
115
115
115
114
114
114
113
116
118
117
116
116
116
116
116
115
115
114
114
114
113
113
112
112
112
112
114
114
114
116
115
115.
115
114
113
111
112
111
108
108
111
111
111
109
109
109
109
107
107
107
106
108
108
108
107
107
107
107
107
105
105
105
105
105
104
104
104
104
102
102
102
102
101
98
98
95
93
93
91
91
89
89
88
88
87
87
87
85
87
87
86
85
85
85
85
85
86
86
86
84
83
83
83
83
85
85
85
85
85
85
87
87
87
86
85
83
83
83
83
83
85
83
82
82
82
82
82
82
83
81
81
81
80
83
83
83
82
82
82
83
82
83
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
80
83
82
82
82
81
81
81
81
81
81
82
81
81
80
80
80
79
80
80
80
80
80
81
81
85
84
89
88
2
3
88
88
4
89
5
G
7
90
90
90
8
88
9
91
10
90
11
89
12
90
13
90
14
90
15
16
89
89
17
89
18
89
19
89
20
88
21
88
22
88
23
88
24
88
25
87
26
8a
88
28
88
88
30
88
31
Total
3697
3537
3804
3770
3402
3568
3319
3065
2556
2551
2524
2664
Total 38,457^
Average per day lOS^?
per month 3,204f
Lowest number 79
Highest number 128
120
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
INDUSTRIAL REFUGE FOR GIRLS.
Annual Statistical Report.
Number of inmates, 1st Oct., 1889 49
" " " since received 19
" " " returned from apprenticeship 1
—69
Discharged by expiration of sentence 13
" " apprenticeship 12
" " order of His Excellency the Governor General 1
Remaining in Refuge 30th September, 1889 43
—69
Sentences.
Direct to Refuge 14
Transferred from Reformatory 5
— 1^
Nationalities.
Canada IC
Ireland 2
England , 1
— 1^
Religions.
Church of England 9
Presbyterian 4
Roman Catholic 3
Methodist 2
Baptist 1
-19
Education
Read and write 5
Neither read nor write 14
—19^
121
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
Counties from ivhich Girls were received.
Ontario 4
York 3
Brant 2
Leeds 2
Oxford 2
Northumberland 2
Algoma 1
Elgin 1
Nipissing 1
Wentworth 1
—19
Ages.
Four years 1
Eight"^ " 2
Nine " 2
Ten " 3
Eleven " 2
Twelve" 3
Thirteen years 2
Fourteen " , 1
Fifteen " 1
Sixteen " 1
Seventeen " 1
—19
Oj^ences.
Destitute, without a home 12
Larceny 4
Arson 1
Incorrigibility 1
Frequenting 1
—19
Sentences.
Six months 2
Twelve " 3
Twenty-three months ■. 1
Two years 1
Three years and six months 1
Four " 1
Five " ...., 9
Six " 1
—19
122
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 1890
Daily average population of the Eefuge for the year ending 80th September,
1889.
"Day of Month.
a
S
>
o
g
S
o
IS
u
a,
<
f5
J
g
m
1
2 ..
3
4
5
49
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
49
49
49
49
49
49
49
49
49
49
49
49
49
49
49
49
49
49
49
49
49
49
49
49
49
49
49
49
48
48
48
48
49
49
49
51
51
51
51
51
50
51
50
50
50
50
50
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
51
51
52
52
52
52
50
50
50
49
49
49
49
49
49
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
47
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
.46
46
46
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
49
46
46
46
46
46
46
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
1 1386
i
44
44
44
44
41
44
44
43
43
43
43
43
42
42
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
39
39
39
39
39
1242
40
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
38
38
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
40
40
40
40
40
40
1214
40
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
43
43
43
1289
42
42
41
42
42
6
42
7
42
8
42
9
42
10
n
42
42
12
42
13
43
14
42
15
41
16
41
17 :::::::::::::
18
43
43
19
20
43
43
21
43
22
43
23
24
43
43
25
43
26
43
27
43
28
42
29
42
30
43
31
Total
1520
1479
1591
1513
1299
1422
1357
1269
Total number of days 16,581
Average per day -iSsll
Average per month 552|f
123
5 3 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
REPORT OF THE SURGEON.
■ Toronto, 1st October, 1889.
RoBT. Christie, Esq.,
Inspector of Prisons and Public Charities.
Sir, — I have the honour of herewith submitting to you my ninth annual
report, as Surgeon of the Andrew Mercer Ontario Reformatory for Females ; and
the Industrial Refuge for Girls, for the year ending September 30th, 1889.
The Reformatory for Females.
I am pleased to report that the health of the inmates the past year has been
exceptionally good. Not a single death occurred and less serious sickness existed
than is usual.
Though we may naturally expect from the class who furnish recruits here,
many cases of syphilis and other venereal complaints ; and likewise many who
from long debauch and advanced years have brokendown constitutions, and are
consequently not fitted for much labor for some time after their admission ; and
consequently not easy subjects for either physical, mental or moral reform ; what
can be said regarding either discipline or reform of such cases as the insane-,,
weakminded, deformed or cripple ? The past year we have had several who come
under one or more of these classes, not one of whom is in anyway capable of
understanding why she is in the institution, and if detained for a lengthened
period of time would not be likely to be profited save physically.
On the other hand such cases while not contributing to any extent towards
their own maintenance, and not amenable to moral influences or discipline, interfere
to a greater or less extent with the discipline and satisfactory operation of the
institution.
If the attention of judges and magistrates were drawn to these cases
they might see the desirability of dealing with them in some other manner.
There were 5 or 6 insane inmates the past year though none of them were
dangerous.
No complaints have been made to me regarding the diet or clothing, nor
would there seem to be any ground for such complaint. The food is ample in
quantity and of good quality, and besides the ordinary food, during the summer
especially, extras are supplied, in the form of green vegetables in variety.
The improved physical condition is early manifest owing of course to the
more regular mode of living, combined with the character of the diet, regularity
of labor, sleep, food, and exercise. In nearly all cases they increase in weight.
The physical capabilities of inmates for the various kinds of work to be
accomplished are carefully considered ; and no injustice in this respect is done to
any inmate knowingly.
The institution in all departments is kept scrupulously clean, and personal
cleanliness is insisted upon. The premises in a sanitary point of view are in a,
good condition.
My relationship with the staff has as heretofore been pleasant.
124
5a Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
ReforTYiatory and Refuge Staff.
I have to report that the staff escaped any serious illness the past year. A
few days at most was the limit of sickness or inability to discharge duties.
Following were the cases under treatment, viz. : — Abscess, 1 ; anaemia, 1 ;
bilious, 5 ; bronchitis, 2 ; congestion of kidneys, 5 ; constipation, 2 ; coryza, 2 ; cold, 6 ;
cough, 8 ; cramps, 1 ; dysmenorrhoea, 2 ; Eczema, 1 ; febriculoe, 1 ; headache, 2 ;
indigestion, 2 ; worms, 1 ; nausea and vomiting, 2 ; pain, 3 ; rheumatism, 7 ;
sciatica, 1; sorethroat, 6; weakness or want of appetite, 16.
The Reformatory Hospital.
The report regarding the hospital the past year is, I think, considering all
-circumstances, the most favorable I have been able to make during the nine years
the institution has been in operation.
The year opened without a single bed being occupied in the hospital, the first
admission thereto being on the 8th October. 1888. During the entire year there
were never more than two inmates in the hospital at one time. During the
months of November, April, May and June, not a single bed was occupied ; while
during the entire year the hospital contained no inmate on 210 days. The year
•closed without an inmate in that department.
Of the 9 inmates none was admitted a second time.
The ailments treated were as follows, viz. : — 5 were treated for diseases of
pregnancy and child birth ; 1 had pneumonia ; 1 had congestion of the kidneys ;
1 had ulceration of the stomach and hemorrhage ; 1 was insane, cripple, and
physically a wreck.
The aggregate time spent in the hospital by these nine was 186 days : the
shortest time spent by any inmate being 8 days, and the longest 49 days.
Of the foregoing 9 cases, one, that of the last referred to, was removed by
-authority to the House of Providence.
The Syphilitic Wa^^d.
The past year there were 25 inmates under treatment for syphilis as against
31 the preceding year. Of that number twelve were in the ward at the beginning
of the year and had spent varying periods of time ranging from 1 to 366 days
previously in the ward, one case having been under treatment in all 1 year and
112 days prior to the first of the year now closing.
Of the total number 15 were either discharged from the ward or left by
expiration of the term of sentence, during the year, leaving 10 inmates at the
close of the year.
The largest number under treatment on any one day was 13, and the smallest
number was 7.
The daily average number of cases under treatment for the year in this
department was 10.02 as against 12.67 the preceding year.
As I have stated in previous reports, owing to the short term of sentences of
some inmates their term expires before cure can possibly be effected ; some of
those in course of time, during the serving of successive sentences occupy this
■ward and are under treatment twice or oftener. Some of those in the ward, the
125
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 18^0
close of the year, have spent considerable time previously ; and those now serving
sentence will remain for varying periods under treatment.
Of the 2S cases treated, their varied occupancy of this ward has been as
follows : —
4 have spent
from
18 to 50
4
51 " 100
8
101 " 150
2
151 " 200
2
201 " 250
2
251 " 300
3
301 " 330
This period of treatment in some cases may appear to be very long, but it is
chiefly with cases of what are known as tertiary syphilis, that patience,perseverance
and time combined in treatment are required to deal with this loathsome disease.
Some of the individuals are old and the disease of long standing, while habits of
life, combined with want of means have been the reasons for neglect of previous
treatment. The greater number have been able to work, while a few have been
incapacitated for work for a longer or shorter period. I stated in my report last
year, the treatment combined with their changed mode of life, care, comfort,
nourishment, cleanliness, regularity of labor, rest and recreation, all combine to
restore health and renew vitality and give them not only a new lease of life, but
encourage them to new resolutions for good.
^o^
The Lying-in Department and Nursery.
This department is strictly speaking a part of the hospital, though it is in a
separate room, the women after confinement, and their babies are kept. No less
than 15 babies have i equived my attention during the year. Two of these died,
one on the 22nd October and one on the 17th June, from inherited disease. The
ailments treated during the year, among the occupants of the nursery were as
follows, viz. : — Abrasions, 2 ; bronchitis, 5 ; cold, 1 ; colic, 1 ; cough, 3 ; diarrhoea, 6 ;
eczema, 2 ; erythema, 1 ; inherited syphilis, 2 ; indigestion, 1 ; inflamed glands, 2 ;
pedicula, 1 ; ulcer, 1 ; and umbillicai hernia, 2.
At the beginning of the year there were 9 babies in the nursery ; during the
year 2 came in with their mothers ; while four were born, viz. : — 2 girls and 2
boys, making a total of 15. There was also a premature birth, still-born, from
inherited syphilis.
In this connection I cannot do better than reproduce a portion of my last
report which says, " "While judges and magistrates continue to commit women for
crimes who are carrying young infants in their arms, or who are pregnant, the
reformatory officials must receive them. As I have reported before, the bringing
in of infants necessarily interferes with both the work of the mothers and the
discipline of the institution, as well as increases the surgeon's labors. The same
thing holds good regarding the pregnant women admitted, some of whom, as has
been' the case the past year, have required considerable treatment for ailments
due entirely to their pregnant condition, and their subsequent indisposition and
inability to work."
126
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 1890
Presentations for Treatment during the year, excluding Hospital Cases.
Abrasions, contusions and cuts
Abscess
Acne.
Adenitis
Amenorrhcea
Antemia
Ankylosis
Ascaris liimbricoides
Asthma
Bilious
Burns
Bronchitis
Bunion
Cancrum Oris
Catarrh
Cephalalgia and headache
Chancroid
Chromophytosis ,
Colds ,
Congestion, kidneys
" ovaries
Conjunctivitis
Constipation
Corneitis ...
Cough . .
Cramps and colic
Coryza
Diarrhoea
Dislocation radius
Dysentery
Dysraenorrhcea
Earache
Eczema
Endometritis
Erysipelas
Erythema
Elephantiasis
Febricula
Goitre
Gonorrhea
Hemoptysis
Heart disease
Hysteria
Incontinence of urine
Indigestion
Inflammation, bursa
" glands
face
" upper extremities .
" lower extremities .
kidneys
Insanity
27
10
1
5
30
1
1
2
6
59
1
19
1
6
2
28
2
2
85
27
3
2
31
4
51
12
3
16
2
3
5
7
10
14
21
4
1
9
1
5
8
18
8
1
91
1
14
2
3
17
3
13
DISEASE.
Insomnia
Iritis
Irritable bladder
Impetigo
Leucorrhcea
Lumbago . ,
Malingerers and frivolous
Menorrhagia
Metritis
Metrorrhagia
Marasmus
Miscarriage or abortion ...
Nausea and vomiting
Nervousness
Neuralgia
Operations, amputating finger
" removing tumor from hand . . .
' ' removing finger nail
Ovaritis
Ophthalmia
Pains, alleged and simple
Pediculse
Peritonitis
Phthisis
Phlebitis
I'iles and hemorrhoids
Pregnancy, Disorders of
Prolapse rectum .
Pruritis
Punishment cell inmates
Pneumonia
Psoriasis
Pleurisy
Rheumatism
Sore throat
Sprains
Syphilis
Sciatica
Teeth extracted
Tape worm
Tinesa Tonsurans
Toothache ,
Tonsilitis
Tumors, Treatment of
Ulcers, (simple)
Ui'ticaria . .
Uterus, Ulceration or erosion of
Vertigo
Weakness, depression after hard drinking,
general debility and want of appetite . .
New inmates seen
1&
1
15-
1
67
15
23
4
5-
5-
5'
2'
28
1
1
1
3
1
138
6-
15-
26
1
23.
6
14
2
141
23
4
4?-
83
51
10
55
11
56
1
4
27
S
10
9
1
17
2
104
124
127
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 1890
Monthly Record of Cases, other than Hospital Cases.
Months.
October, 1888.
November " .
December " .
January, 1889
February "
March "
April
May
June "
July
August "
September "
Casual or Ordinary Cases Presenting.
Total Cases
Seen.
155
181
228
301
132
157
152
122
94
132
134
79
Daily
Average of
Cases.
5.
6.03
7.35
9.70
4.71
5.06
5.06
3.93
3.13
4.25
4.32
2.63
Total
Case.s
Sick.
46
77
77
47
35
34
59
23
15
19
36
9
Daily
Average of
Sick.
1.48
2.56
2.48
1.51
1.25
1.09
1.96
.74
.50
.61
1.16
.30
Syphilitic Ward.
Total
Inmates.
12
13
13
12
11
11
10
10
11
10
11
11
DaUy
Average.
12
11.23
10.58
10.41
10.03
9.45
9.90
9.74
9.10
9.70
8.48
9.66
Industrial Refuge for Girls.
I am pleased to report for the ninth time that the inmates of the
Refuf^e have had with the exception of two inmates, a fortunate year. There
is certainly cause for congratulation, in the fact that nine years of its history
have been recorded, and that history contains not a single death record. With
two or three exceptions there have been no serious cases to record. The excep-
tions were one case each of diphtheria, typhoid fever and consumption.
On the 4th day of November, 1888, one of the girls, K. C , suddenly
developed unmistakable evidence of having diphtheria. The origin of the disease
was a mystery, and remained after investigation as much a mystery. Precautions
were promptly taken to isolate the little patient, protect the rest of the household,
and insure the most, favorable circumstances with the view to its cure in this
>case, and its obliteration from the premises. On the appearance of the disease
she was promptly placed under the care of a professional and experienced nurse,
;ai\d the precautionary measures were reported to the inspector's office. On the
7th of the month. Dr. Bryce, of the Ontario Board of Health, visited the institu-
tion to investigate. No definite source or origin of the diphtheria was by him
discovered. So rigidly were all precautions maintained that no second case
occurred, and the girl went on to a favorable recovery. On the 24th of that
month the patient was convalescent, and was so reported to the inspector,
128
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 189C
A second serious case, causing me no small amount of anxiety, was that of
typl)oid fever, developing in a delicate girl who had not long been au inmate.
In this case as in the foregoing, every precaution was taken to discover the cause
of and to prevent the spread of the disease to others. In this case also an
expeiienced nurse was secured. It was not until the lapse of about six weeks,"or
the middle of April, that she could be pronounced fully convalescent, though the
nurse was dispensed with a little time before. Shortly after her recovery from
typhoid fever consumption began developing. An effort was then made, and
success! ully, to have her removed to the home of her father, which was accom-
plished in the month of June.
In the Refuge as in the Reformatory, there are several cases where there
appears to be a dwarfed intellect, which will to all appearance render the unfortu-
nate possessors incapable ever of being self-dependent, or capable of fully
caring for themselves, at so called mature years of womanhood, and state guardian-
ship appears to be the only hope that their well-wishers can entertain for their
protection.
On the other hand it is gratifying to find some who came into the Refuge
feeble of both mind and body, ignorant of all that tends to improve mind and
body, developing into rugged, rosy cheeked girls, industrious in habit, growing in
intelligence, happy and contented in disposition, and fully amenable to the easy
discipline of their new home. The population at the close of the year was less-
by six than the close of the preceding year.
Refuge Presentations for Treatment during the ye&v.
DISEASE.
Abacess , ,
Bilious
Bronchitis
Cold
CoDpeation, kidneys .
Conjunctivitis
Contusion
Corns
Cough
Diarrhoea
Erythema
FebriculcB
Goitre
Headache
Impure blood
Inflammation, glands
1
1
3
2
1
1
1
1
21
1
2
6
1
1
2
4
DISEASE.
Inflammation, scalp
' ' eye
footi
Nose, bleed
Pain
Pharyngitis
Prurigo
Rheumatism
Sorethroat
Sprains
Stuttering
Teeth, extracted
Toothache
Tonsillitis
Weakness or want of appetite
New inmates, seen
2
I
1
2
3
2
1
4
17
3
1
5
3
2
5
20
The hospital cases, (diphtheria, typhoid fever and consumption) elsewhere
alluded to, were all of the serious ailments.
I have the honor to be, Sir,
Your obedient servant,
0(a.)
129
JOHN S. KING, M.D.,
Surgeon.
children..
. 529 — Average..
. 41
adults . .,
. 947— " ..
. 73
teachers..
. 328—
. 25
children .
. 488— " ..
. 88
adults. . ..
. 912— " ..
. 70
teachers..
. 815- "
. 24
children..
. 432—
. 33
adults. . .
745 —
. 57
teachers..
. 293— " ..
. 23
children..
. 430- "
. 33
adults. . ..
. 569— " ..
. 44
teachers..
. 242— "
. 18
^3 Victoria. Sessional Pajiers (No. 11). A. 1890
Ninth Annual Report of the Andrew Mercer Reformatory
Sunday School.
Through the blessing of God we are able to report a most successful year
-of work. The school has been held regularly. The average attendance of
inmates children (from the Refuge), and teachers, is as follows : —
1st Quarter. — Total attendance of children..
2nd Quarter.
3rd Quarter.
4th Quarter."
For reasons, which are very apparent to those who possess some knowledge
of criminals and their habits, our school is not so large in summer as in winter,
and the smaller average attendance of teachers during the summer quarter,
is owing to the fact that one or more is absent from each session, seeking for a
short period rest and change.
As a rule the inmates are very attentive to the instruction given, and a few
give evidence of a change of purpose with regard to the future. The "after
meeting" which is held after the Sunday school and conducted by the superinten-
dent, is found to be very helpful t ) those who are really " trying to do better."
We are greatly encouraged and supported in our work by the sympathy and
co-operation of the officers and attendants of the institution, their presence at
the various sessions, and council given when sought, being invaluable aids to the
workers iU their efforts for the salvation of the lust ones for whom they labor.
The teachers supply clothing for discharged inmates when necessary, and
assist in securing situations. They also have visitation and correspondence, com-
fort and encourage discharged inmates who are in service or who have returned
to friends. A Saturday afternoon service is frequently held, and by the distribu-
tion ot Bibles and literature the workers seek to influence the inmates in every
possible direction for good.
An evangelistic service is held once a quarter, and at intervals prominent
workers and evangelists address the school, and friends gifted with the power of
song assist in makintj; our services interesting and attractive.
The kind thoughtfulness of the late Mr. William Gooderham, in arranging
for the investment of a certain sum of money, the interest to be applied to the
purchase of christian literature to be distributed among the inmates of the institu-
tion at the Christmas season, is greatly appreciated by both officers and teachers
of the school, and will no doubt be helpful to many.
In closing, we desire again to respectfully call the attention of the Govern-
ment to the need of better appliances and facilities for more thorough classifica-
tion, and to suggest the importance of providing a special c<jurt for the trial of
females arrested for light offences, or for the first or second time.
W. H. ROWLAND, Superintendent,
T. J. HARVIE, Assistant Superintendent,
E. G. SAMS, Secretary.
130
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
EEFOKMATORY FOR BOYS.
I beg herewith to submit the annual report upon the Reformatory for Boys
for the year ending 30th September, 1889.
From the statii?tical records appended, the reports of the chaplains, the
superintendents report, and notes of inspection, will be obtained, the history of
the routine operations of the institution for the year under report.
The summary given below shows the operation of the Reformatory during
the year as well as in the two preceding ones.
1887. 1888. 1889.
Number in residence at beginning of year (1st Oct.). . 205 192 196
Admitted during the year 60 78 85
Returned after escaping
Total number in residence 265 270 281
Discharged according to sentence 51 39 33
Transferred to Central Prison . . 1
" to Kingston 1 l i
Reprieved 16 30 33
Died 2 1
Escaped 5 2 2
73 74 71
In residence at close of year (30th Sept.) 192 196 210
131
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 1890
Maintenance Expenditure
For year ending 30th September, 1889, compared with previous year;
SERVICE.
Medicines and medical comforts
Butcliers' meat, flsh, etc
Flour, bread, etc
Groceries
Fruit and vegetables (supplied from Reforma-
tory garden )
Bedding, clothing and shoes
Fuel
Light - -
Laundry, soap and cleaiting
Furniture and furnishings
Farm, garden, feed and fodder
Repairs and alterations
Printing, postage, stationery, advertising, etc.
Chapels, .-chools and library
Workshops, tools, etc
Recovering escaped boys
Rent of guards' cottages
Freight
Miscellaneous
Salaries and wages
Total
Da®
-^ 0, CO 00
g CU-CrH
■?,.9 c ®
877 44
1833 31
2024 20
1493 46
4574 14
3564 79
884 93
212 24
2095 74
1774 26
4821 14
641 28
336 31
392 32
617 20
688 33
279 54
1399 62
16820 74
45330 99
46.2
36.0
9.9
2.1
21.2
18.0
48.8
6.5
3 5
4.0
6.2
7.0
2.9
14.1
$1 69.9
$4 58.
>i'0
§ c.
4 62
9 65
10 65
7 86
24 07
18 76
4 65
1 11
11 03
9 36
25 37
88 53
238 58
3 c S .
73 68
2110 09
3138 60
999 68
5238
3869
968
267
909
2625
1810
574
280
175
141
629
123
1395
16793
42127 71
cm.
.7
19.2
28.6
9.1
47.8
35.3
8.8
2.4
8.3
23.9
16.5
5.2
2.6
1.6
1.3
5.7
1.1
12.7
53.0
$3 83.
$ c.
.35
10.00
14.87
4.74
24.82
18.35
4.59
1.27
4.31
12.45
8.58-
2.72
1.35
.8a
.67
2 98
.59
6.61
79.59
199.65
Average number of inmates in 1888 190
1889 211
Inspections,
Copies of the minutes made by me of my various Inspections are appended; —
I made an inspection of the Reformatory for Boys, Penetanguishene, on the
morning of the 22nd of March, and found that there were 217 boys in charge,,
200 of them were assembled on parade on the platform before entering the dining
hall, the others were employed at different duties, such as cooking, attendants etc.,
3 were in the hospital, and one or two others were on duty in different parts of
the building.
The general health of the lads had been good for some time past, and the
cases in the sick room are all convalescent ; the general appearance and cleanli-
ness of their clothing was satisfactory; the distribution at their different duties
and employment was also noted with approval. One case only of incorrigible
conduct has been reported for some time, and it is to be regretted that after many
trials and encouragements with a view to reformation of conduct, a transfer to
the Central Prison has necessarily to be made.
I found the building in good order, and well kept (with the exception of
some repairs to the eavetroughs, which was caused by the accumulation o£ (snow
132
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
and ice diirins^ the winterj the buildings are in good order, and are vastly im-
improved by the renovation, alterations and 're-fittings made necessary by the
ajipearance of the epidemic of diphtheria referred to in former notes.
An appropriation was made at the last session of the Legislature, for the re-
construction of the lighthouse wharf, and on the occasion of this visit, the work
was arranged for, and will be commenced as soon as the ice disappears, plans
and specifications were obtained, which, upon being carri^-d out will no doubt
make the job a permanent one. The erection of an implement shed, and the pur-
chase of a supply pump were authorized, for all of which appropriations have
been made, and these improvements will be i»roceeded with as soon as the season
is sufficiently advanced to permit of the work being carried on.
The insufficient school room accommodation has for some time back been a
matter requiring consideration, but the requirements in this regard wall, in order
to secure the best results possible, involve structural alterations of the main
building to such an extent as to make it a matter requiring special care and esti-
mate, before it is proceeded wdth. The difficulty encountered in enlarging the
present rooms, is one of no ordinary magnitude, and for the purpose of accom-
plishing this satisfactorily, the original plans of the l:>uilding must necessarily be
examined with a view of effecting such alterations as w411 give the required space
together with good ventilation, etc., without interfering with the strength of the
structure as it now^ stands.
I made a second inspection of the Reformatory for Boys on the 16th and l7th
October.
On the first named day there were 209 boys in charge, distriduted and
employed as follows : —
Carpenters' shop 3
Tailors 10
Engine-room 7
Garden 2
Stables 3
Cooks, bakers and dining hall 7
Cleaners, 10
Gate 1
Superintendent and Deputy Superintendent's house 2
Teaming 5
Outside work 2(i
Plaj'room 9
Protestant School, Senior 35
" " Junior 39
Catholic " 32
Hospital 1
Band , 17
Total 209
The boys were in excellent health, no sickness of any kind existing, and
their conduct was reported to be very good for some time past.
The discii)linary work of the institution throughout was found to be in a
Tery satisfactory state, and the progress made in the schools was encouraging.
133
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
I found the Reformatory buildings proper to be in good condition. Never-
theless considerable structural rearrangement and refitting will be necessary in
the near future, the principal of which is additional school accommodation, or a
better division of the rooms now occupied for that purpose. The alterations are
of such importance however as to require not a little consideration to properly
accomplish the work ; it may be necessary to remove a small portion of one of
the main walls. Jn that event the original plans of the building must be exam-
ined before the matter can be fully determined and the work proceeded with
during the ensuing season.
Great improvements have been made in and around the premises during the
past year.
The grading of a portion of the yard -room between the main buildings and
the play-room has been completed, and presents a very neat and trim apiiearance.
This will also effect a very great improvement in the more complete drainage
of the building, by having sufficient grade to carry away surplus water on the
north and east of the institution.
Considerable discomfort and inconvenience has heretofore been experienced
by having the main available entrance from the outside through the door into
the dining room direct. In severe winter weather this ari'angement has proved to be
very uncomfortable and to some extent prejudicial to the health of the boys
owing to the draught occasioned while opening and shutting the door. Since
the completion of the ahove mentioned grading, however, a much better entrance
can be made into the ante-room immediately adjoining the dining-room, at a.
comparatively small outlay.
This change will secure the boys from draught in the dining room and will-
also have the advantage of admitting visitors more directly into the reception
room, and will place the institution throughout more in the form of a private dwel-
ling, and give it a more domestic character. The Superintendent is therefore
requested to submit an estimate of the necessary outlay in making the change.
The reception room and [>lay room also require a small outlay for paint, to
put them in j^roper order.
Much of the cooking apparatus requires renewal, especially the kettles which
are becoming twisted from constant use during many years; they are now in such
a state that ordinary repairs will not put them in a tit condition for satisfactory
use.
Note is also taken that the building of an outhouse for implements etc.,
which, owing to the more pressing work the carpenter has had on hand could not
be undertaken this season, will necessarily have to be provided for during the
ensuing summer.
A number of the guards' ho-uses require extensive repairs, but these will also
have to be deferred untd another year, owing to the con.stant attention of the
carpenter and the boys under him being taken up with other work.
The re-construction of the lighthouse dock, for which an appropriation in
part was made, has been completed and the work appears to be substantially
done. Owinor to the ice and snow however obstructions were met with which
were not foreseeen at the time the work was awarded the contractor, the princi-
pal of which was that the old crib work being filled with boulders, piling could
not be driven through it. Therefore, to avoid this obstruction a larger dock had
to be built.
I found everything connected with the routine work and order of the insti-
tution to be very satisfactory, and there was good evidence of the zeal and energy
of the officials, in attending properly to the performance of their duties.
134
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
SCHOOL EXAMINATION.
October lOtli, 1889.
R. Christie, Esq.,
Inspector of Prisons and Public Gliarities :
Sir, — I have the honor to submit my second annual report of the inspectioir
of the schools at the Reformatory for Boys, Penetanguishene, for the year end-
ing- September 3()th, 1889.
I visited the school twice during the year, and at each visit I spent a day in
each of the three departments.
The past year, when judged from an educational standpoint, has on the
whole been one of progress. Messrs. Murphy and Ferguson are still at their
posts, striving to give the boys a good, sound, practical and common-sense educa-
tion. The good work ^one by Mr. Yorrell in 1888 has been ably continued by
the present teacher, Mr. Macnamara. Now 1 can safely say what, owing to
insufficient data, I could not say a year ago, that the progress of the boys in
school is quite equal to that of the ordinary pupils in the corresponding classes of
the public schools.
Of the 193 boys attending at my fisrt visit, 136 were in the Protestant
school, and .57 were in the Catholic School. Of those in the Protestant division,-
34 were in the 1st book, 40 in the 5nd, 36 in the 3rd, and 26 in the 4th ; and of
those in the Catholic division, 11 were in 1st book, 11 in 2nd, 20 in third, and 15
in the 4th.
At my second visit there were 186 boys in school, 125 being in the Pro-
testant division and 61 in the Catholic division. In the Protestant division 25
were in the 1st book, 40 in the 2nd, 23 in the 3rd, and 37 in the 4th ; and in the
Catholic division there were 14 in the 4th, 23 in the 3rd, 14 in the 2nd, and 10'
in the 1st book.
All these boys do not attend school at once. For one-half of the day each
teacher has one division of boys, and for the other half a different division of
boys is taught.
The junior teacher of the Protestant school during the forenoon of each day
has part of the second class, and in the afternoon he has the remainder of the
second and the first class.
The senior teacher in the forenoon has the 4th class divided into a senior
and a junior part ; in the afternoon he has the third class similarly divided.
The Catholic teacher in the forenoon teaches the two divisions of the 4tb
and the senior of the 3rd, and in the afternoon he deals with the junior 3rd, the
two divisions of the 2nd and two divisions of the 1st.
It will be seen from the above that every boy in the institution receives
three hours of instruction daily. The remainder of the day each boy spends in
some kind of profitable employment ; profitable in a double sense, for on the one
hand while he does something to lessen the expense of maintaining the institu-
tion, on the other hand he is being instructed in some useful trade, whereby on
leaving he can gain an honest maintenance.
In the following I state the subjects taught in each one of the rooms, with
the result of my examination in each subject.
Where the word " excellent " follows the name of a subject, it is supposed to
denote the best result, and " poor " the worst. The other words used are " good/'
" very good," " fair," " very fair," and suppose a descending order of excellence,
135
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 1890
Tkachkr.
Visit.
Class.
Read.
Writ.
Arith
Gram.
Liter.
Spell.
Geog.
Hist.
Mv. Ferguson.
1st
1st
very fair
good
very fair
fair
very fair
«
1st
Jr. 2nd
fair
good
very fair
fair
very fair
"
1st
Sr. 2nd
good
very
good
fair
fair
very fair
i<
2nd
1st
fair
good
very fair
good
fair
<<
2nd
Jr. 2nd
fair
good
very fair
very
good
very
good
very fair
"
2nd
Sr. 2nd
very
good
good
good
good
fair
very fair
;:Mr. Murphy.
Ist
3rd Jr.
very fair
good
very fair
very fair
very fair
fair
fair
"
"
3rd Sr.
fair
P'ood
very fair
very fair
fair
fair
fair
<<
"
4th Jr.
good
good
very
good
fair
good
fair
fair
air
"
•«
4th Sr.
good
good
good
fair
good
good
fair
fair
"
2nd
.3rd Jr.
fair
good
very fair
fair
fair
good
fair
"
K
3rd Sr.
good
good
very fair
good
fair
very
good
fair
<(
"
4th Jr.
good
good
very fair
very fair
good
good
good
fair
"
"
4th Sr.
good
excel-
lent
good
good
good
excel-
lent
excel-
lent
fair
.Mr. Macnamara.
1st
1st
fair
good
very fair
fair
very
good
"
"
2nd
fair
good
very fair
good
good
<(
I(
3rd
fair
good
very fair
poor
very
good
good
very fair
««
"
Jr. 4th
fair
good
very fair
very fair
very fair
very
good
very fair
(<
"
Sr. 4th
fair
good
very fair
very fair
good
'"''"good^^'^yf**'-
<(
2nd
1st
fair
good
good
fair
fair
«
"
2nd
fair
good
fair
fair
good
•'
"
3rd
good
good
very fair
fair
fair
fair
fair
<i
"
4th Jr.
very
good
good
very fair
fair
fair
good
fair
"
"
4th Sr.
good
good
very fair
fair
fair
good
fair
From the above will be seen, 1st, the subjects taught in each room ; 2nd,
the number of classes ; and 3rd, the standing of the various classes.
It may be mentioned that Mr. Macnamara teaches all the pupils in the
Catholic division, so that as good results cannot be expected as in the Pi-otestant
/School.
I am. Sir,
Your obedient servant,
ISAAC DAY, Ph. B.
136
5:> Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT.
Penetanguishene, October 25th, 1889.
Sir, — I have the honor to submit the thirtieth annual statistical report for
the year ending 30th September, 1889. A review of the year's proceedino-s,
results, etc., will be given below. On reference being made to the statistical
tables it will be observed that our population is again on the in(Tease. The
highest point was reached in 1882, the number then at the end of that year beino-
208. From 1882 a steady decrease took place year by year until 1887, when 192
only were in residence. Last year the inmates numbered 196 ; this year the
tables shew 210 at the end of the official year. This exhibit is accounted for by
the increased number of commitments during the past two years, and were it
not that 63 discharges for good conduct were in the same period authorized, the
population would now reach that of 1882.
In previous reports, extending over ten years, nearly if not everythino- of
note having been discussed, it becomes a difficulty without repeating ones-
self to make the report for this year inteiesting or even readable. Reli-
gious instruction — elementary scholalstic education — industrial training — leo-is-
lation — the paidoning power and its application — progress — advantages and
disadvanta'^^es, etc., — all these in their turn have been treated, crudely, it is
admitted, in the annual reports of the last decade. One other really important
matter presents itself in this connection, viz.: inequality of sentences, but as even
from a reformatory standpoint any attempt at a critical review in this report of a
subject so comprehensive and far-reaching would necessarily be touchino- on a
domain outside and beyond the purview of an ordinary reformatory official,
therefore, except by the passing reference, we leave it to be dealt with by
those clothed with the requisite authority, and will content ourselves by refer-
ring to domestic matters only in the annual report for this year.
This has been a red-letter year in respect to general good progress in the
moral, mental and material order, as in no year since my appointment has there
been less restlessness evinced, or more cheerfulness when at work or at play dis-
played. Throughout the whole year, with the exception of the escape of two
boys in April and the attempt of other two in May, we were free from all
decided evidences of unrest. Corresponding features to this happy state of
affairs were specially observable, such as zeal and attention to the work in
hand, and ready intelligent submission at all times to those in charo-e.
The grounds within the enclosure and the connecting grounds without
are gradually yielding to the persevering efforts put forth each season to
make them attractive. This year the skill and good taste of the deputy-super-
intendent in landscape and ornamental gardening is made more evident, and
we have reason to hope ere another year passes away that the grounds will
under his superintendence be in such a condition as to compel unstinted
praise from every observer.
The gardening operations for the year, notwithstanding the wet, cold weather
experienced throughout the whole month of June, were more than satisfactory.
The same may be said regarding the farm, and with respect to both the o-ood
returns therefrom are wholly due to the more than usual energy and intelli-
Ifence manifested by the boy workers and their instructors.
137
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 1890
. To the earnest, conscientious efforts of all assisting in the work may be
attributed the pleasing results noted.
I have the honor to be, Sir,
Your obedient servant,
R. Christie, Esq.,
Inspector of Prisons, etc., Toronto.
THOMAS McCROSSON,
Superintendent.
STATISTICAL TABLES.
Shewing the operations of tlie Reformatory for the year ending 30th September,
1889.
In residence 1st October, 1888 196
Admitted during the year 85
Total number during the year 281
Discharged according to sentence 33
Reprieved 33
Escaped 2
Died 1
Transferred to Kingston 1
" Central Prison • 1
71
Remaining in residence 30th September, 1889 210
Nationalities of the Boys committed during the year and of those committed
since the establishment of the Reformatory.
Canadian
English
Irish
Scotch
United States
Other countries . . .
Total
Commit-
ments of the
year.
62
12
4
Total com-
mitments-
1345
170
71
30
149
23
85
1788
138
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. iseo
Religious denominations of Boys committed during the year and of those boys
remaining in the Institution on the J^Oth September, also of those committed
since the establishment of the Reformatory.
Comniit-
inents of the
year.
In resi-
dence 30th
September.
Total com-
mitments..
English Church
Roman Catholic
Presbyterians
Methodists
Baptists
Other denominations .
Total . . .
18
28
11
22
5
1
85
43
69
35
55
7
1
210
550
603
180
341
80
25
1788
Ages when Committed.
1 at 7
17 at 12
7 at 16
5 at 9
12 at 13
2 at 17
6 at 10
16 at 14
1 at 21
6 at 11
Total...
12 at 15
85
Periods of Sentence.
1 year 1
1 " and 6 mos 1
2 years 3
3 " 32
4 " 7
5 " 13
8 mos. and an indefinite not to exceed 5 yrs 2
4
4
2
3
2
1
3
1
6
5
6
6
(S t<
« «
5
5
4
1 year
2 years
t< <(
5
4
1 year
2 years
3 "
Indefinite
« l<
« ((
(( «
period not to exceed
3
5
5
5
Total 85
139
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 1890
-Crimes for which the 85 boys were convicted and sentenced to the Reformatorj.
Assault with intent to commit rape 1
Assault and robbery 2
Arson 1
Burglary and larceny , 1
Burglary 2
Fraudulent appropriation 1
Housebreaking 1
Housebreaking and larceny 2
Horse stealing 3
Incorrigible , 7
Indecent assault 2
Larceny 49
Larceny of registered letter 1
Shopbreaking 2
Shopbreaking and larceny 2
Vagrancy 8
Total
.85
Counties of the Province from which the 85 commitments were made during
the year.
Brant 2
Bruce 1
Carleton 1
Elgin 1
Essex . . 2
f rontenac 7
Orey 5
Haldimand 1
Halton 1
Hastings 2
Huron 2
Kent 4
Lincoln 2
Lambton 4
Lanark 1
Leeds and Grenville 3
Middlesex 5
Norfolk 4
Northumberland and Durham 1
Ontario 1
Perth 1
Renfrew 1
Sinicoe 1
Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry. . . 4
Victoria 1
Waterloo 2
Weiland , 1
Wellington 1
Wentworth 7
York 16
Total 85
140
63 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 1890
Counties of Province from which the 210 boys now in residence originally
came.
Brant 4
Bruce 5
Carleton 6
Dufferin . . 1
Elgin 2
Essex 4
Frontenac 14
Grey 7
Haldimand 1
Halton 1
Hastings 5
Huron 2
Kent 8
Lincoln 4
Lambton 10
Lanark 1
Leeds and Grenville 5
Middlesex 12
Norfolk 7
Northumberland and Durham 6
Ontario 3
Oxford 3
Peel 1
Perth 3
Peterboro' 4
Prescott and Eussell 1
Renfrew 2
Siracoe 6
Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry . . 9
Victoria 2
Waterloo 4
Welland 6
Wellington 6
Wentworth 27
York 28
Total 210
Number of Commitments since Confederation.
Commitments.
Year.
Number.
Number
at close of
same year.
Oommitted in
1867
1868
1869
1870
1871
1872
1873
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
1889
55
59
47
41
48
48
31
58
71
47
75
69
57
80
96
84
58
81
61
64
60
78
85
170
li Ci
173
170
<C C{
(1 (<
163
i( .<
155
I< K
158
l( (1
130
«< ««
139
l( <<
173
183
195
«4 «4
<t tc
i< (C
195
It t(
206
« t(
216
it ct
250
m <c
263
H It
245
ft ti
242
K IC
220
205
n It
K IC
192
n II
« II
193
210
141
.53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
REPORT OF THE PROTEST AInT CHAPLAIN.
Penetanguishene, October, 1889.
Sir, — I beg to present my report as Protestant Chaplain for the year
ending September 30th, 1889.
The year has on the whole been one of satisfactory progress, marked by
very few incidents out of the ordinary routine, and those of a pleasant
character.
His Lordship the Bishop of Toronto visited the institution on Wednes-
day, September 4th, and after morning service and address, administered the
rite of confirmation to 23 boys belonging to the Church of England.
Five other clergy of the deanery attended the Bishop, and expresssd
themselves in terms of m arm appreciation at the hearty responding and singing.
Since my last report a marked improvement has taken place in our sing-
ing. We now have a choir of 80 voices divided into three parts, treble, alto and
bass, and singing from note by the Tonic Soil Fa system. This of course adds
considerabl}^ to my work, but it is hoped it may lead to the boys joining the
choirs of their several churches when they leave us.
At Christmas time we had the presentation of the prizes given by a few
friends for good conduct and Scripture learning, and a concert in which 100 boys
took part, celebrated the event.
Since my last report I have found it necessary to make some change in the
arrangements for Sunday School. It was simply impossible that (unaided in any
w^ay) I could hope to accomplish much real work with 140 to 150 lads of all
.ages and characters. I therefore asked and obtained the following change : —
Morning service, 8.30 to 9.:^0 a.m.; first Sunday School for the 55 junior lads
from 10 to 11 a.m.; second Sunday School ft)r about 45 of the intermediate lads
from 11 to 12 p.m.; third Sunday School for the 40 elder lads from 1 to 2 p.m.
This system has added greatly to the Sunday work, but it has repaid in
satisfaction the labor expended.
Singing hymns by note is now made an important feature in our Sunday
School work.
In view of the prominence which is now being given to the subject of
■' Prison Reform " in this province, I would earnestly call your attention to the
following : —
I. That the work of the Reformatory should be placed in the veiy fore
front of all consideration of prison work. If " prevention is better than cure,"
then this institution and the preventive work it is supposed to carry on should
receive far more attention and care than any other prison institution in the pro-
vince.
At present I am afraid the Reformatory is not only a " hole in the corner "
institution geographically, but in the estimation of the public as well.
IL Tliat something should be done to break up the present " herding sys-
tem," by which lads of every age from 7 to 20, and for every kind of olience,
and of every degfee of willfulness, are sent down to the same institution, under
the same officers and discipline, to be all moulded in the same machine.
I do not think that any government has the right to place lads, sent down
U2
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 18S0
merely for vagrancy, for example, and lads too young to be really responsible for
their sin, in daily contact with older lads of greater wickedness.
III. As I have already intimated privately to the department, "something
should be done at once to provide work, help and advice to lads after their dis-
charge from this institution."
If a lad fails to find employment, either because of his want of knowledge
of any definite trade, or because his prison sentence sticks to him, we cannot
wonder that he falls back into crime.
It is a great mistake to think tli is necessity for help and guidance refers only
to lads without homes ; it applies just as much to that large body of boys whose
homes are of such a nature that the}^ were allowed to come here in the first place.
I have the honor to be.
Your obedient servant,
/ GEORGE EXTON LLOYD,
R Christie, Esq., Protestant Chaplain.
Inspector of Prisons, etc., Toronto.
ROMAN CATHOLIC CHAPLAIN'S REPORT.
Penetanguishene, October loth, 1889.
R. Christie, Esq.,
Inspector of Prisons, etc.:
Sir, — In fulfilment of my duty as Catholic Chaplain, I have the honour of
presenting the following report concerning the boys under my charge during the
year ending September 30th.
At that date there were under my care 69 boys, an increase of 10 since the
corresponding date of the preceding year, but considerably below the a\ erao-e of
years previous. Of these boys 25 have received confirmation and 43 first com-
muidon. The long period during which the Archdiocese of Toronto has remained
vacant, accounted for the small number of those confirmed. Now that the
vacancy is filled, a large number of boys who have been long awaiting confirma-
tion will soon I hope, have the happiness of receiving it. During the year 17
boys passed from my charge, of whom 1 died, 9 completed their terms and 7
were pardoned. With the exception of 2 who were not long under my care, all
these had received first communion, and 14 of them were confirmed. Of the 27
boys sent to take their places, 11 made their first communion, and 5 were con-
firmed before coming here.
On the library roll are 64 names, but as ten of these are marked oflf for
damaging or not returning books, the number actually receiving books is 54.
The library contains a considerable number of books, almost all beino- cheap
editions of excellent works of fiction. A very welcome addition was made to its
old and rather dilapidated contents this year, by the purchase of a considerable
143
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
number of copies of standard works in poetry, history, biography and fiction,
tocrether with some bright and well illustrated magazines. These books, superior
in'^print and binding, and far more varied and attractive in matter than the old
ones, have been used almost exclusively by the boys during the year. As a rule
the boys handle their books with care, knowing that osherwise they would be
struck off the library roll ; but this fear shows that they appreciate the privilege
of having books to read.
What I have said regarding their treatment of books is equally applicable to-
their conduct at prayers and Sunday School. At these exercises their general
behaviour is good ; as good, perhaps somewhat better than that of outsiders at
their age. But whilst with the latter good conduct is the outcome of willing atten-
tion, in the case of the boys under my charge it is secured only by continual
watchfulness, and by promptly singling out every offender, even in small matters,
for punishment. I can say that the Reformatory authorities are very zealous in
seconding the chaplain's efforts to instruct and maintain order amongst the boys.
At the same time they are as lenient as is consistent with the maintenance of
thorough discipline ; indeed, a little greater severity would be more to my taste.
It is unpleasant to the chaplain to have to rely mainly on fear in order to preserve
order, especially as there is no corresponding power of reward. Sometimes,
indeed, when influential friends get up a potiticjn for a boy's release, the chaplain
is called upon to report regarding his conduct. But this happens rarely, and not
always in the case of the most deserving boys. How much more pleasant it
would be for the chaplain, and how much it would add to his influence, were
some system in force by which a favorable report from the chaplain would have
the effect of shortening a boy's term of imprisonment.
As prison and reformatory matters have recently been made the subject of
considerable discussion, and the pernicious influence of big boys on the smaller
ones has been held up as the source of widespread corruption, I wish to sa}- in
justice to the big boys under my charge, that many of them have been remark-
ably well conducted, and have assisted me in keeping the smaller boys from vice;
whereas some of the most troublesome boys I have had to deal with are amongst
the ranks of the smaller boys. I have found alse that boys convicted of serious
offences are not always the most immoral. I have some such boys under my
charge who are very good and amenable to religious influence, whereas some
convicted for trifling offences are very troublesome. It does not follow, because
a boy is convicted of a trivia] offence, that he is therefore innocent. Not unfre-
quently he has been thoroughly corrupted by bad companions before he comes
here. Of course there are in this institution many bad boys whose evil example
does much harm, but the same is true, as is well known, of our ordinary schools,
and of every place where a great number of boys is collected. Boys cannot be
protected altogether, even by good parents, from all evil influence. The most
that can be done is to lessen that influence as much as possible, and to fortify
those who are exposed thereto against it. And I am happy to say that the
authorities here are most vigilant to hunt up and punish anything in the
shape of scandal, and that they give the chaplain every opportunity for
impressing morality on the boys committed to his charge.
I have the honor to remain.
Your obedient servant, I
LANCELOT MINEHAN.
144 I
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
PROTESTANT SCHOOL MASTER'S REPORT.
Penetanguishene, October !st, 1889.
R. Chkistie, Esq.,
InsiDector of Prisons, etc. :
Sir, — I have the honor to transmit the report of the Protestant School for
the year ending September 30th, 1889.
I have had no serious cases of misconduct to report during the past year,
but still a considerable portion of my time has been taken up in inquiring
into offences, and meeting out the necessary punishment to the delinquents, not
only in my own room but in that of the assistant teacher. There is a great deal
of extraneous work and responsibility in a custodial institution of tnis nature
not belonging to the teacher's office in a public school, such as giving out and look-
ing after all school material, etc., and also having to exercise a constant supervision
when on the playground.
We (the teachers) very often feel discouraged that no greater results follow
our labor, but when we consider the past life and homo training (or rather want
of it) of many of our boys, the absence of everything tending to develop the
higher faculties, the presence of bad example and evil associations, tendino- to
deprave and degrade, we must be satisfied with the good, though little, that we
are doing. Had it been feasible to carry into operation the Bill of 1880, (No. 125),
section No. 32 of said Bill would have placed a potent factor for good in the
hands of the teacher.
Liberty is sweet to any hwman being, and it is wonderful how these boys,
although many of them are not sure of a second meal were they free, look eagerly
forward to their release, counting the years, months, days and hours between
them and liberty. Could this ardent longing for freedom be turned to useful
service, and a systematic plan of reprieve introduced, based on the general con-
duct and scholastic status of a boy, such conduct, etc., being certified to by each
and every officex" under whose control he may be placed, this would give a greater
power for good to those exercising supervision over him, and have a beneficial
effect on the boy himself, making his powers of self-control and self-denial sub-
servient to his desire for freedoom.
It is in accordance with Divine and human law that wise government rests
on a well devised system of rewards and punishments, to stimulate the well, and
to deter the evil doer; but punishment is the only lever extrinsically in our power
to use, causing our pupils to look on us more as tyrants than what we shuuld be,
friends to advise and guide. The majorit}^ of the class sent here are either those
who never had any school advantages, or those who proved incorrigible to ordinary
school discipline, and the personal influence of the teacher and fear of punishment
are the only agencies we can avail ourselves of, in aiding in the education and
reclamation of those unfortunates. How little in accordance with modern
theories ? Let a boy have the firm conviction that his good conduct, and his pro-
gress in school will assuredly shorten his term of incarceration, and I ask for no
better reward than this to hold out to stimulate him to work. Some may say
that he may only behave himself through policy, not simply because it is rio-ht •
even so, he must exercise his power of self-control, and his energy to attain the
desired reward, and such exercise, whatever its motive, will be beneficial. My
10 (G.) ! 145
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 1890
feebly expressed ideas n>ay be regarded - viMooary but theyare the fir. convic-
iToJoi -rly twenty years- exp~m^^^^^^^ ^^ ^.^ ^„^^_
The assistant teacher is ^adly handicappea oy necessary school
p,evcnting the proper cass«^ ^^tlnVC ^^ "low an educational status
requisites, i believe we "«^« . / ^^^ the past year,
come in. in any one year as ^^'^'^^l^^^^ln L various subjects taught, as that
I annex the usual tables of attendance, progress, etc. , . . ,.
Lit conclude without paying . a tribute t^^^^^^^^ - ^eahn,
with their books and other school requisites placed m then control.
Report of Attendance.
Senior Teacher's Rooms :-^
/Aggregate attendance
Number of days taught
Average daily attendance, 59.
Aggregate non-attendance
f At work.
i
Causes . -1 Sick
1, Under punishment.
Average non-attendance, 10.
Assistant Teacher's Room :—
Aggregate attendance
Number of days taught
Avet-age attendance, 67.5.
Aggregate non-attendance
( At work
I
Causes . -{ Sick
t Under punishment .
Average non-attetadance, 5.8.
Quarter
ending
Dec. 31st,
Quarter
ending
Mar. 31st,
1889.
3748
73
1062
958
19
85
5130
74i
Quarter I Quarter
ending ending
June 30th, Sept. 30th,
1889. I 1889
4778
74
629
568
27
34
5445
76
423
426
223
264
186
146
14
16
Total.
4364
67
626
525
51
50
4371
69
413
316
87
10
2768
52
305
262
9
34
3570
Mh
332
299
7
26
15658
266
2622
2313
106
203
18516
274
1594
1102
426
66
146
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 1890
Number of Boys belonging to Protestant School, October 1st, 1889.
Senior Teacher's Room .
Assistant " " .
27
30
Morning. Afternoon.
42
42
Total.
69
72
Eepoet of Progress.
Number of boys in eacb class October 1st, 1888, and position of same Sep-
tember 30th, 1889.
Number
in each
class
Oct. 1st,
1888.
Position on
September 30th,
1889.
Gone
1st
Class.
2nd J.
Class.
2nd S.
Class.
3rd J.
Class.
3rd S.
Class.
4th J.
Class.
4th S.
Class.
out.
4th Senior Class
10
18
15
23
36
11
24
1
7
9
4
6
6
7
s
1
6
3
2
3rd Junior "
2
13
1
9
2nd Senior '"
9
5
7
11
2nd Junior "
1st Class
8
1
6
1
1
3
Educational Status of Boys received and Boys Discharged for the year ending
September 30th, 1889.
Ist
Class.
2nd J.
Class.
2ndS.
Class.
11
7
3rd J.
Class.
6
3
3rd S.
Class.
9
2
4th J.
Class.
10
4th S.
Class.
Total.
■
Discharged, etc
Received
4
31
3
15
12
1
55
59
I have the honour to be, Sir,
Your obedient servant.
E. W. MURPHY,
Senior Protestant Teacher,
Ontario Reformatory for Boys.
147
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11). A. 1890
ROMAN CATHOLIC SCHOOL MASTER'S REPORT.
Penetanguishene, October 4th, 1889.
R. Christie, Esq.,
Inspector of Prisons, etc,,
Toronto, Ont.
Sir. — I have the honor to transmit the following report as Roman Catholic-
teacher for the year ending September 3()th, 1889.
In taking charge of the school at the beginning of the present year, I thought
it possible to do here a fair proportion of the work generally done in the public
schools, but in a short while I became convinced that it was necessary to leave
out some of the subjects on the public school programme, in order that the boys
might obtain some proficiency in the more important subjects, therefore, I have
been taking the following subjects, viz.: reading, spelling, (oral and written)
writing ,arithmetic, composition, literature and language, with a little attention to
geography and drawing.
Catechism is taught to all the classes.
The discipline and general conduct compares favorably with ordinary public
schools; in justice to all concerned comparison cannot be carried further, for though
there are some really bright boys, they are not actuated by ambition and that
spirit of rivalry to be found elsewhere. They do not realize the advantages to be
obtained from education in the future, as that time is to many of them too distant,
and there is no inducement I can offer them for the present.
Could good conduct, application, diligence and improvement in school work,
be made a means of lessening their time here, the good results here and in after
life would be almost incalculable.
Statement of attendance, etc., enclosed.
T have the honor to be. Sir,
Your obedient servant,
J. McNAMARA,
Roman Catholic Teacher.
148
53 Victoria.
Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 18f)C
Statement shewing the number in eaeh class, September 30th, 1888, and the
same September 80th, 1889.
Number
in eaeh
class
Sept. 30,
1888.
Position, September 30th, 1880.
Gone
1st
Junior.
Isb
Senior.
2nd
Junior.
2nd
Senior.
3rd
Junior.
3rd
Senior.
4th
Junior.
4th
Senior.
out.
6
6
10
9
11
8
3
6
3
2
3
1
3
4
3
3
2
2
2
1
5
2
o
2
1
2
3
1
2
1
3
1
2
2
1 dipd.
Total
.59
2
6
1
7
10
8
9
16
Statement shewing the number in each class September 30th, 1888, and Septem-
ber 30th, 1889.
1st
Junior.
1st
Senior.
2nd
Junior.
2nd
Senior.
3rd
Junior.
3rd
Senior.
4th
Junior.
4th
Senior.
Total.
September 30th, 1888 ....
September 30th, 1889 ...
6
5
3
9
8
10
11
7
9
10
10
12
6
6
10
59
69
Report of Attendance.
Quarter
ending
Dec. 31st,
1888.
Quarter Quarter
ending ending
Mch. 31st,! June 30th.
1889. I 1889.
Aggregate attendance
Number of days taught, 269
Average daily attendance, 56,233,269.
Aggregate non-attendance.
f At work
I
Causes -{ Sickness
L Under punishment
Average daily non-attendance, 6,175-269
4280
226
17
23
Quarter
ending
Sept. 30th,
1889.
3813
3891
3313
226
109
22
414
46
31
642
30
3
Total.
15297
1508
202
79
1789
149
53 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 11).
A. 189(>
Educational Status of Boys Received and Discharged for the Year ending^
September 30th, 1889.
Ist
Junior.
■ l8t
Senior.
2nd
Junior.
2nd
Senior.
3rd
Junior,
3rd
Senior.
4th
Junior.
4th
Senior,
Received
9
6
5
4
3
1
2
2
2
4
^1
28
Dischftreped
Died
1
17
150
BINDING SECT, AUG 2 3 1967
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